Cyclotrons2019 - List of Keywords (acceleration)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOB01	Recent Progress in RIKEN RI Beam Factory	cyclotron, cavity, ECR, ion-source	12
	O. Kamigaito, T. Dantsuka, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Hasebe, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, H. Imao, M. Kidera, M. Komiyama, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, T. Nagatomo, T. Nakagawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nishi, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, K. Ozeki, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, A. Uchiyama, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan Y.M. Miyake RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
	Recent efforts at the RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF) are aimed at increasing the beam intensity for very heavy ions such as xenon and uranium. This paper presents upgrade programs carried out over the past few years, including modifications of the RF cavities of the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron and improvements of the charge stripper. The current performance of the RIBF accelerators and future plans to further increase the beam intensity are also presented.
	Slides MOB01 [13.848 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOB01
About •	paper received ※ 13 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP014	3D Magnetic Optimization of the New Extraction Channel for the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron	cyclotron, simulation, extraction, focusing	54
	L. Neri, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. D’Agostino, G. Gallo, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo, G. Torrisi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	The upgrade of the Superconducting Cyclotron operating at INFN-LNS is the main objective of the general upgrade of the LNS facility, consisting in the enhancement of light ion beam intensity. To overcome the present maximum power of 100 W of the beam extracted by electrostatic deflector and achieve a beam power as high as 10 kW, the implementation of the extraction by stripping method has been proposed. Intense ion beams with mass in the range 10 to 40 amu (12C, 18O, 20Ne, 40Ar) in the energy range of interest (15-70 MeV/u) will be delivered to the NUMEN experiment, as well as used for production of in-flight radioactive beams. The present work consists in the optimization of the magnetic channels needed to limit the radial and axial beam envelopes. The design of the magnetic channels has been accomplished by fully three-dimensional magneto-static simulations using Comsol Multiphysics and a custom transport code developed in Matlab along the last year at INFN-LNS. The effect of a magnetic shielding structure in the extraction channel is presented, together with the possibility of producing a magnetic gradient from an asymmetric coil.
	Poster MOP014 [2.968 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP014
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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MOP028	Design of 5.8 MHz RF Electrode for AMS Cyclotron	cyclotron, cavity, impedance, tandem-accelerator	94
	D.H. Ha, J.-S. Chai, Kh.M. Gad, M. Ghergherehchi, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, H. Namgoong SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is a powerful method for separating isotopes, and electrostatic tandem accelerators are widely used for AMS. Sungkyunkwan University is developing AMS that can be used in a smaller space based on cyclotron. Unlike conventional cyclotrons used in PET or proton therapy, cyclotron-based AMS provides high turn number and high resolution. In this study, we proposed a cavity with a frequency of 5.8 MHz and an accelerating voltage of 300 V to accelerate the particles in the cyclotron. The proposed cavity was designed as an electrode and verified by CST Microwave studio.
	Poster MOP028 [1.078 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP028
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP011	Upgrade of the Central Region of the Superconducting Cyclotron at INFN-LNS	cyclotron, extraction, injection, simulation	177
	G. D’Agostino, L. Calabretta, D. Rifuggiato INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy W.J.G.M. Kleeven IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	The Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) at INFN-LNS is regularly operated with beam power up to 100 W. The present efforts in upgrading the cyclotron are directed towards an increase of beam power up to 10 kW for ions with mass number A < 40 and energies between 15 and 70 AMeV by means of increase of beam intensity. Moreover, a beam energy resolution of 0.1% is requested by the NUMEN project at INFN-LNS. We plan to achieve high beam power by increasing the efficiency of the injection and extraction processes. The current extraction efficiency is lower than 60%. We expect to increase it to a value close to 100% by extracting the specific ion beams by stripping and no longer by electrostatic deflectors. A spiral inflector is used to bent onto the median plane the ion beams produced by the two ECR ion sources. Including the effect of a drift buncher placed in the axial injection line, the current injection efficiency is about 15%. The study of an upgraded CS central region is ongoing at INFN-LNS. First results of simulation study aimed to increase the injection efficiency are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP011
About •	paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP024	Muon Cyclotron for Transmission Muon Microscope	cyclotron, flattop, cavity, extraction	208
	T. Yamazaki, Y. Nagatani KEK, Tokai Branch, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan T. Adachi, Y. Miyake KEK, Ibaraki, Japan A. Goto, J. Ohnishi RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan Y. Kumata, S. Kusuoka, T. Onda, H. Tsutsui SHI, Tokyo, Japan
	Funding: This work is supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP17H06126 and JP19H05194. A transmission muon microscope is an unprecedented tool which enables its users to reconstruct 3D image of samples such as a living cell. Muons can gain penetrative power as their energy increase, though electrons above 1 MeV start to trigger electromagnetic showers and protons above 1 GeV cause nuclear reactions. Muons accelerated up to about 5 MeV are able to penetrate a living cell (~ 10 um), which is impossible with ultra-high voltage (1 MeV) electron microscopes. In order to accelerate muons, efficient acceleration is necessary because the lifetime of muons is only 2.2 us. In addition, it is important to accelerate muons without increasing their energy dispersion. A cyclotron with a flat-top acceleration system is the best suited for the transmission muon microscope and is being developed at the J-PARC muon facility (MUSE). In this poster, the transmission muon microscope project and the development of the muon cyclotron will be presented.
	Poster TUP024 [1.366 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP024
About •	paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP029	A 15-Mev/nucleon Iso-Cyclotron for Security and Radioisotope Production	cyclotron, extraction, cavity, injection	223
	C. Johnstone PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA R.B. Agustsson, S. Boucher, S.V. Kutsaev, A.Yu. Smirnov RadiaBeam, Marina del Rey, California, USA R.C. Lanza MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
	Funding: Work supported by US Dept of Energy under a Small Business Innovation Research Grant Cargo inspection systems exploit the broad bremsstrahlung spectrum from a 6-10 MeV, low-duty cycle electron accelerator which in the presence of significant backgrounds presents challenges in image and material identification. An alternative approach is to use ions which can excite nuclear states either directly, or through generation of secondary high-energy signature gammas produced from nuclear interactions in a target. RadiaBeam is designing a compact sector isocyclotron 1.25 m in radius, with high-gradient cavities to accelerate multi-ion species up to 15-20 MeV/u with large turn-to turn, centimeter-level separation for low-loss extraction without lossy foil stripping. A strong-focusing radial field profile will be optimized in a separated-sector format for control over machine tune simultaneous with isochronous orbist requirements for high-current (~0.5 milliamp) operation. Innovation in injection will be introduced to replace the high-loss central region. Non-security applications of the cyclotron include medical isotope production, ion radiobiology, as well as material science research and ion instrumentation development.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP029
About •	paper received ※ 19 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP033	Concept of 15 Mev Cyclotron for Medical Isotopes Production	cyclotron, vacuum, proton, cavity	233
	O. Karamyshev JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The purpose of this article is to show the prospects of cyclotrons with resistive coils and prove that even in such a well-established field there is still room for innovation. The concept of a 15 MeV cyclotron accelerating HÂ¯ ions with a current of up to 1 mA is presented. The design features significantly lower weight and power consumption, compared to the majority of existing cyclotrons of the same energy.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP033
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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TUP034	Study of MERIT Ring for Intense Secondary Particle Production	target, experiment, proton, betatron	237
	H. Okita, Y. Ishi, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	Funding: This work is partially supported by ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan). An intense negative muon source MERIT (Multiplex Energy Recovery Internal Target) for the nuclear transformation to mitigate the long-lived fission products from nuclear plants have been proposed. For the purpose of proof-of principle of the MERIT scheme, a FFA (Fixed Field Alternating focusing) ring has been developed and beam experiments have been carried out. In this conference, the results of this study will be reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP034
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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WEA02	The Developments of the RF System Related to the K-800 Superconducting Cyclotron Upgrade	cyclotron, extraction, cavity, LLRF	262
	A.C. Caruso, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. Gallo, A. Longhitano, D. Rifuggiato, A. Spartà, G. Torrisi, E. Zappalà INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	The K-800 superconducting cyclotron has been in operation at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud for almost 25 years. It has been subjected to continuous upgrades and modifications since 1994: the RF couplers have been redesigned, the new dees have been changed from aluminium to copper, as has the new central region from radial to axial injection of the beam, the hybrid configuration solid state - tube of the power amplifiers, the digital LLRF, etc. The next scheduled important upgrade of the Cyclotron mainly consists in a new extraction beam line able to support the increase of the beam current intensity. The accelerated beam will be extracted in two ways: by stripper and by electrostatic deflector and, consequently, one of the most important features of the new upgrade is the new cryostat. Further upgrades and refurbishments of the other main parts of the cyclotron, such as a new liner, the modification of the RF cavities and dees, the refurbishment of HLRF-LLRF, the insertion of the stripper extraction system, to name but a few, are in progress, too. This work focuses on the RF system upgrade.
	Slides WEA02 [10.816 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-WEA02
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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WEB03	Factors Influencing the Vortex Effect in High-Intensity Cyclotrons	cyclotron, bunching, space-charge, simulation	270
	C. Baumgarten PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	We discuss factors that have potential influence on the space charge induced vortex motion of particles within high intensity bunches (curling of bunches, Gordon 1969) in isochronous cyclotrons. The influence of the phase slip due to deviations from strict isochronism determines if the bunches of a specific turn are above, below or at "transition", and hence whether stable vortex motion of the bunches is possible at all. Secondly there are possible longitudinal and transverse effects of rf acceleration, the former depending on the bunch phase ("bunching" or "debunching"), the latter depending on the gradient of the accelerating voltage. High accelerating voltages in the first turns call the applicability of adiabatic approximations and analytic methods into question. The influence of the rf acceleration is expected to be significant only at low beam energy, i.e. should have small or even negligible effect beyond the central region of compact machines.
	Slides WEB03 [1.145 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-WEB03
About •	paper received ※ 16 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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THB01	Review of High Power Cyclotrons and Their Applications	cyclotron, cavity, proton, experiment	289
	L. Calabretta, D. Rifuggiato INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy M. Maggiore INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	An incomplete review of existing machines and of present new projects of high power cyclotrons is here presented. Both high energy and low/medium energy cyclotrons will be described. Specific requests for different fields of applications are also discussed.
	Slides THB01 [11.837 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB01
About •	paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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THB02	Production of 70 MeV Proton Beam in a Superconducting Cyclotron	cyclotron, proton, extraction, focusing	294
	V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Production of 70 MeV proton beams with help of a cyclotron-type facility is one of highly requested tasks presently. Such beams are used for medical applications including direct tumor irradiation and also for production of medical isotopes. The applications mentioned above dictate corresponding requirements imposed on the beam quality and intensity. For proton therapy treatment it is sufficient to have 300-600 nA output beam current with rather strict tolerance on the transverse beam quality. On the other hand, for the isotope production the major requirement is high enough beam intensity (hundreds µA) with less demanding beam quality. Nowadays, for production of the proton beams in the energy range considered cyclotrons with resistive coil weighting ~200 tons are mostly used. In these cyclotrons two extraction methods - with electrostatic deflector and with stripping foils - can provide somewhat different quality of the output beam. In given report a possibility of using a superconducting cyclotron instead of room-temperature one is considered. To this end, acceleration of various ions was investigated with analysis of the main facility parameters and resulting output beams.
	Slides THB02 [2.733 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB02
About •	paper received ※ 06 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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THB03	Conceptual Design of TR¹⁰⁰⁺: An Innovative Superconducting Cyclotron for Commercial Isotopes Production	cyclotron, proton, extraction, electron	298
	Y.-N. Rao, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, L.G. Zhang TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	Utilizing dedicated cyclotrons to produce medical isotopes is an arising technology in hospitals across Canada. Thus, in January 2015, the CycloMed99 team, led by TRIUMF, demonstrated a breakthrough in producing the world’s most highly used medical isotope, technetium-99m (Tc-99m), on existing medical cyclotrons. Now we propose to design an innovative superconducting cyclotron for production of commercially valuable radioisotopes. This project will be focusing on a proton energy of 70-150 MeV and proton current of 2 mA. In this energy range, numerous increasingly demanded radioÂnuclides can be produced, either as parent nuclei for generator use, or directly as a active pharmaceutical ingredient, e.g. Strontium-82 (Sr-82), Actinium-235 (Ac-235) and Bismuth-213 (Bi-213). Our machine shall be designed to accelerate H²⁺, by injection from external ion source and extraction by stripping. This shall allow to simultaneously extract multiple cw proton beams of variable currents and potentially variable energies to multiple experimental stations with extremely high extraction efficiency. The basic parameters of the machine and the simulations of stripping extraction will be presented.
	Slides THB03 [3.030 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB03
About •	paper received ※ 17 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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THC01	SHE Factory: Cyclotron Facility for Super Heavy Elements Research	cyclotron, experiment, factory, ECR	305
	I.V. Kalagin, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, N.Yu. Kazarinov, M.V. Khabarov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov, S.V. Pashchenko, V.A. Semin JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia V.K. Utyonkov, A.V. Yeremin JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia
	The synthesis of heavy and the heaviest elements and the study of their nuclear and chemical properties are of highest priority in the basic research programme of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions. The synthesis of super heavy elements (SHE) with atomic numbers 113-118 has been achieved in the 48Ca-induced reactions. The International Unions of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Chemistry (IUPAC) recognized the priority of Dubna in the discovery of elements 114-118. The seventh period of the Periodic Table has been completed. In accordance with the development program, the first in the world SHE Factory was built at the Laboratory on the basis of the new DC280 cyclotron which was commissioned in 2019. DC-280 has to provide intensities up to 10 pmkA for ions with atomic masses over 50. The main task of the Factory is the synthesis of new chemical elements with atomic numbers 119 and higher, as well as a detailed study of the nuclear and chemical properties of previously discovered superheavy elements. The Factory are being equipped with target materials, new separators and detectors for the study of the nuclear, atomic and chemical properties of the new elements.
	Slides THC01 [15.662 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC01
About •	paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOB01

Recent Progress in RIKEN RI Beam Factory

cyclotron, cavity, ECR, ion-source

12

O. Kamigaito, T. Dantsuka, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Hasebe, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, H. Imao, M. Kidera, M. Komiyama, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, T. Nagatomo, T. Nakagawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nishi, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, K. Ozeki, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, A. Uchiyama, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
Y.M. Miyake
RIKEN, Saitama, Japan

Recent efforts at the RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF) are aimed at increasing the beam intensity for very heavy ions such as xenon and uranium. This paper presents upgrade programs carried out over the past few years, including modifications of the RF cavities of the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron and improvements of the charge stripper. The current performance of the RIBF accelerators and future plans to further increase the beam intensity are also presented.

Slides MOB01 [13.848 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOB01

About •

paper received ※ 13 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOP014

3D Magnetic Optimization of the New Extraction Channel for the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron

cyclotron, simulation, extraction, focusing

54

L. Neri, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. D’Agostino, G. Gallo, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo, G. Torrisi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

The upgrade of the Superconducting Cyclotron operating at INFN-LNS is the main objective of the general upgrade of the LNS facility, consisting in the enhancement of light ion beam intensity. To overcome the present maximum power of 100 W of the beam extracted by electrostatic deflector and achieve a beam power as high as 10 kW, the implementation of the extraction by stripping method has been proposed. Intense ion beams with mass in the range 10 to 40 amu (12C, 18O, 20Ne, 40Ar) in the energy range of interest (15-70 MeV/u) will be delivered to the NUMEN experiment, as well as used for production of in-flight radioactive beams. The present work consists in the optimization of the magnetic channels needed to limit the radial and axial beam envelopes. The design of the magnetic channels has been accomplished by fully three-dimensional magneto-static simulations using Comsol Multiphysics and a custom transport code developed in Matlab along the last year at INFN-LNS. The effect of a magnetic shielding structure in the extraction channel is presented, together with the possibility of producing a magnetic gradient from an asymmetric coil.

Poster MOP014 [2.968 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP014

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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MOP028

Design of 5.8 MHz RF Electrode for AMS Cyclotron

cyclotron, cavity, impedance, tandem-accelerator

94

D.H. Ha, J.-S. Chai, Kh.M. Gad, M. Ghergherehchi, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, H. Namgoong
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is a powerful method for separating isotopes, and electrostatic tandem accelerators are widely used for AMS. Sungkyunkwan University is developing AMS that can be used in a smaller space based on cyclotron. Unlike conventional cyclotrons used in PET or proton therapy, cyclotron-based AMS provides high turn number and high resolution. In this study, we proposed a cavity with a frequency of 5.8 MHz and an accelerating voltage of 300 V to accelerate the particles in the cyclotron. The proposed cavity was designed as an electrode and verified by CST Microwave studio.

Poster MOP028 [1.078 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP028

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP011

Upgrade of the Central Region of the Superconducting Cyclotron at INFN-LNS

cyclotron, extraction, injection, simulation

177

G. D’Agostino, L. Calabretta, D. Rifuggiato
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
W.J.G.M. Kleeven
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

The Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) at INFN-LNS is regularly operated with beam power up to 100 W. The present efforts in upgrading the cyclotron are directed towards an increase of beam power up to 10 kW for ions with mass number A < 40 and energies between 15 and 70 AMeV by means of increase of beam intensity. Moreover, a beam energy resolution of 0.1% is requested by the NUMEN project at INFN-LNS. We plan to achieve high beam power by increasing the efficiency of the injection and extraction processes. The current extraction efficiency is lower than 60%. We expect to increase it to a value close to 100% by extracting the specific ion beams by stripping and no longer by electrostatic deflectors. A spiral inflector is used to bent onto the median plane the ion beams produced by the two ECR ion sources. Including the effect of a drift buncher placed in the axial injection line, the current injection efficiency is about 15%. The study of an upgraded CS central region is ongoing at INFN-LNS. First results of simulation study aimed to increase the injection efficiency are presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP011

About •

paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP024

Muon Cyclotron for Transmission Muon Microscope

cyclotron, flattop, cavity, extraction

208

T. Yamazaki, Y. Nagatani
KEK, Tokai Branch, Tokai, Naka, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Adachi, Y. Miyake
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
A. Goto, J. Ohnishi
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
Y. Kumata, S. Kusuoka, T. Onda, H. Tsutsui
SHI, Tokyo, Japan

Funding: This work is supported by JSPS KAKENHI Grant Numbers JP17H06126 and JP19H05194.
A transmission muon microscope is an unprecedented tool which enables its users to reconstruct 3D image of samples such as a living cell. Muons can gain penetrative power as their energy increase, though electrons above 1 MeV start to trigger electromagnetic showers and protons above 1 GeV cause nuclear reactions. Muons accelerated up to about 5 MeV are able to penetrate a living cell (~ 10 um), which is impossible with ultra-high voltage (1 MeV) electron microscopes. In order to accelerate muons, efficient acceleration is necessary because the lifetime of muons is only 2.2 us. In addition, it is important to accelerate muons without increasing their energy dispersion. A cyclotron with a flat-top acceleration system is the best suited for the transmission muon microscope and is being developed at the J-PARC muon facility (MUSE). In this poster, the transmission muon microscope project and the development of the muon cyclotron will be presented.

Poster TUP024 [1.366 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP024

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paper received ※ 14 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP029

A 15-Mev/nucleon Iso-Cyclotron for Security and Radioisotope Production

cyclotron, extraction, cavity, injection

223

C. Johnstone
PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA
R.B. Agustsson, S. Boucher, S.V. Kutsaev, A.Yu. Smirnov
RadiaBeam, Marina del Rey, California, USA
R.C. Lanza
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA

Funding: Work supported by US Dept of Energy under a Small Business Innovation Research Grant
Cargo inspection systems exploit the broad bremsstrahlung spectrum from a 6-10 MeV, low-duty cycle electron accelerator which in the presence of significant backgrounds presents challenges in image and material identification. An alternative approach is to use ions which can excite nuclear states either directly, or through generation of secondary high-energy signature gammas produced from nuclear interactions in a target. RadiaBeam is designing a compact sector isocyclotron 1.25 m in radius, with high-gradient cavities to accelerate multi-ion species up to 15-20 MeV/u with large turn-to turn, centimeter-level separation for low-loss extraction without lossy foil stripping. A strong-focusing radial field profile will be optimized in a separated-sector format for control over machine tune simultaneous with isochronous orbist requirements for high-current (~0.5 milliamp) operation. Innovation in injection will be introduced to replace the high-loss central region. Non-security applications of the cyclotron include medical isotope production, ion radiobiology, as well as material science research and ion instrumentation development.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP029

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paper received ※ 19 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP033

Concept of 15 Mev Cyclotron for Medical Isotopes Production

cyclotron, vacuum, proton, cavity

233

O. Karamyshev
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The purpose of this article is to show the prospects of cyclotrons with resistive coils and prove that even in such a well-established field there is still room for innovation. The concept of a 15 MeV cyclotron accelerating HÂ¯ ions with a current of up to 1 mA is presented. The design features significantly lower weight and power consumption, compared to the majority of existing cyclotrons of the same energy.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP033

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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TUP034

Study of MERIT Ring for Intense Secondary Particle Production

target, experiment, proton, betatron

237

H. Okita, Y. Ishi, Y. Kuriyama, Y. Mori, T. Uesugi
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

Funding: This work is partially supported by ImPACT Program of Council for Science, Technology and Innovation (Cabinet Office, Government of Japan).
An intense negative muon source MERIT (Multiplex Energy Recovery Internal Target) for the nuclear transformation to mitigate the long-lived fission products from nuclear plants have been proposed. For the purpose of proof-of principle of the MERIT scheme, a FFA (Fixed Field Alternating focusing) ring has been developed and beam experiments have been carried out. In this conference, the results of this study will be reported.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP034

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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WEA02

The Developments of the RF System Related to the K-800 Superconducting Cyclotron Upgrade

cyclotron, extraction, cavity, LLRF

262

A.C. Caruso, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. Gallo, A. Longhitano, D. Rifuggiato, A. Spartà, G. Torrisi, E. Zappalà
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

The K-800 superconducting cyclotron has been in operation at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud for almost 25 years. It has been subjected to continuous upgrades and modifications since 1994: the RF couplers have been redesigned, the new dees have been changed from aluminium to copper, as has the new central region from radial to axial injection of the beam, the hybrid configuration solid state - tube of the power amplifiers, the digital LLRF, etc. The next scheduled important upgrade of the Cyclotron mainly consists in a new extraction beam line able to support the increase of the beam current intensity. The accelerated beam will be extracted in two ways: by stripper and by electrostatic deflector and, consequently, one of the most important features of the new upgrade is the new cryostat. Further upgrades and refurbishments of the other main parts of the cyclotron, such as a new liner, the modification of the RF cavities and dees, the refurbishment of HLRF-LLRF, the insertion of the stripper extraction system, to name but a few, are in progress, too. This work focuses on the RF system upgrade.

Slides WEA02 [10.816 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-WEA02

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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WEB03

Factors Influencing the Vortex Effect in High-Intensity Cyclotrons

cyclotron, bunching, space-charge, simulation

270

C. Baumgarten
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

We discuss factors that have potential influence on the space charge induced vortex motion of particles within high intensity bunches (curling of bunches, Gordon 1969) in isochronous cyclotrons. The influence of the phase slip due to deviations from strict isochronism determines if the bunches of a specific turn are above, below or at "transition", and hence whether stable vortex motion of the bunches is possible at all. Secondly there are possible longitudinal and transverse effects of rf acceleration, the former depending on the bunch phase ("bunching" or "debunching"), the latter depending on the gradient of the accelerating voltage. High accelerating voltages in the first turns call the applicability of adiabatic approximations and analytic methods into question. The influence of the rf acceleration is expected to be significant only at low beam energy, i.e. should have small or even negligible effect beyond the central region of compact machines.

Slides WEB03 [1.145 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-WEB03

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paper received ※ 16 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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THB01

Review of High Power Cyclotrons and Their Applications

cyclotron, cavity, proton, experiment

289

L. Calabretta, D. Rifuggiato
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
M. Maggiore
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

An incomplete review of existing machines and of present new projects of high power cyclotrons is here presented. Both high energy and low/medium energy cyclotrons will be described. Specific requests for different fields of applications are also discussed.

Slides THB01 [11.837 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB01

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paper received ※ 15 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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THB02

Production of 70 MeV Proton Beam in a Superconducting Cyclotron

cyclotron, proton, extraction, focusing

294

V.L. Smirnov, S.B. Vorozhtsov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Production of 70 MeV proton beams with help of a cyclotron-type facility is one of highly requested tasks presently. Such beams are used for medical applications including direct tumor irradiation and also for production of medical isotopes. The applications mentioned above dictate corresponding requirements imposed on the beam quality and intensity. For proton therapy treatment it is sufficient to have 300-600 nA output beam current with rather strict tolerance on the transverse beam quality. On the other hand, for the isotope production the major requirement is high enough beam intensity (hundreds µA) with less demanding beam quality. Nowadays, for production of the proton beams in the energy range considered cyclotrons with resistive coil weighting ~200 tons are mostly used. In these cyclotrons two extraction methods - with electrostatic deflector and with stripping foils - can provide somewhat different quality of the output beam. In given report a possibility of using a superconducting cyclotron instead of room-temperature one is considered. To this end, acceleration of various ions was investigated with analysis of the main facility parameters and resulting output beams.

Slides THB02 [2.733 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB02

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paper received ※ 06 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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THB03

Conceptual Design of TR¹⁰⁰⁺: An Innovative Superconducting Cyclotron for Commercial Isotopes Production

cyclotron, proton, extraction, electron

298

Y.-N. Rao, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, L.G. Zhang
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Utilizing dedicated cyclotrons to produce medical isotopes is an arising technology in hospitals across Canada. Thus, in January 2015, the CycloMed99 team, led by TRIUMF, demonstrated a breakthrough in producing the world’s most highly used medical isotope, technetium-99m (Tc-99m), on existing medical cyclotrons. Now we propose to design an innovative superconducting cyclotron for production of commercially valuable radioisotopes. This project will be focusing on a proton energy of 70-150 MeV and proton current of 2 mA. In this energy range, numerous increasingly demanded radioÂnuclides can be produced, either as parent nuclei for generator use, or directly as a active pharmaceutical ingredient, e.g. Strontium-82 (Sr-82), Actinium-235 (Ac-235) and Bismuth-213 (Bi-213). Our machine shall be designed to accelerate H²⁺, by injection from external ion source and extraction by stripping. This shall allow to simultaneously extract multiple cw proton beams of variable currents and potentially variable energies to multiple experimental stations with extremely high extraction efficiency. The basic parameters of the machine and the simulations of stripping extraction will be presented.

Slides THB03 [3.030 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THB03

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paper received ※ 17 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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THC01

SHE Factory: Cyclotron Facility for Super Heavy Elements Research

cyclotron, experiment, factory, ECR

305

I.V. Kalagin, S.L. Bogomolov, S.N. Dmitriev, B. Gikal, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, G.N. Ivanov, N.Yu. Kazarinov, M.V. Khabarov, Y.T. Oganessian, N.F. Osipov, S.V. Pashchenko, V.A. Semin
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
V.K. Utyonkov, A.V. Yeremin
JINR/FLNR, Moscow region, Russia

The synthesis of heavy and the heaviest elements and the study of their nuclear and chemical properties are of highest priority in the basic research programme of the Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions. The synthesis of super heavy elements (SHE) with atomic numbers 113-118 has been achieved in the 48Ca-induced reactions. The International Unions of Pure and Applied Physics (IUPAP) and Chemistry (IUPAC) recognized the priority of Dubna in the discovery of elements 114-118. The seventh period of the Periodic Table has been completed. In accordance with the development program, the first in the world SHE Factory was built at the Laboratory on the basis of the new DC280 cyclotron which was commissioned in 2019. DC-280 has to provide intensities up to 10 pmkA for ions with atomic masses over 50. The main task of the Factory is the synthesis of new chemical elements with atomic numbers 119 and higher, as well as a detailed study of the nuclear and chemical properties of previously discovered superheavy elements. The Factory are being equipped with target materials, new separators and detectors for the study of the nuclear, atomic and chemical properties of the new elements.

Slides THC01 [15.662 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC01

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paper received ※ 11 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019 issue date ※ 20 June 2020

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