IPAC2011 - List of Keywords (status)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPC030	The C-band Traveling-wave Accelerating Structure for Compact XFEL at SINAP*	linac, vacuum, controls, impedance	133
	W. Fang, Q. Gu, Z.T. Zhao SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China D.C. Tong TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	The R&D of C-band accelerating structure has been launched two years ago at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, it will be used for the future compact hard X-ray FEL. The 1st C-band traveling-wave accelerating structure is ready for the high power test now. This structure is the preliminary model for the research of the technology of microwave test and tuning, arts and crafts and high power test. This paper presents the process of fabrication, cold test and tuning results.

MOPC071	Status of High Power Tests of Normal Conducting Short Standing Wave Structures*	coupling, klystron, electron, beam-loading	241
	V.A. Dolgashev, Z. Li, S.G. Tantawi, A.D. Yeremian SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA Y. Higashi KEK, Ibaraki, Japan B. Spataro INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	Funding: Work Supported by Doe Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 We report results of continuing high power tests of short standing wave structures. These tests are part of an experimental and theoretical study of basic physics of rf breakdown in 11.4 GHz, normal conducting structures. The goal of this study is to determine the accelerating gradient capability of normal conducting rf powered particle accelerators. We have tested structures of different geometries, cell joining techniques, and materials. We found that the breakdown rate dependence on peak magnetic fields is stronger than on peak surface electric fields for cylindrically symmetric structures powered via a TM01 mode launcher. We report test results for structures powered by side-coupled rectangular waveguides. We found that increased rf magnetic field due to the side-coupling increases the breakdown rate as compared to the same accelerating gradient in cylindrically symmetric structures.

MOPC082	Status of the 325 MHz SC CH-Cavity at IAP Frankfurt	cavity, simulation, linac, electron	265
	M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany M. Amberg, K. Aulenbacher HIM, Mainz, Germany W.A. Barth, S. Mickat GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Funding: BMBF contract no. 06FY161I At the Institute for Applied Physics (IAP), University of Frankfurt, a s.c. 325 MHz CH-Cavity is under development for future beam tests at GSI UNILAC, Darmstadt. The cavity with 7 accelerating cells has a geometrical beta of 0.15 corresponding to 11.4 AMeV. The design gradient is 5 MV/m. The geometry of this resonator was optimized with respect to a compact design, low peak fields, surface processing, power coupling and tuning. Furthermore a new tuning system based on bellow tuners inside the resonator will control the frequency during operation. After rf tests in Frankfurt the cavity will be tested with a 10 mA, 11.4 AMeV beam delivered by the GSI UNILAC. In this paper rf simulations, multipacting analysis as well as thermal calculations will be presented.

MOPC091	Status of the XFEL 3.9 GHz Injector Section	cavity, cryogenics, cryomodule, linac	289
	P. Pierini, M. Bonezzi, A. Bosotti, M. Fusetti, P.M. Michelato, L. Monaco, R. Paparella, D. Sertore INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy E. Vogel DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The European XFEL will use a superconducting third harmonic section to achieve the necessary beam quality for the FEL process. The concept has been successfully proven at the FLASH linac in DESY, with a 4 cavity superconducting module contributed by FNAL. The design of the third harmonic system at the XFEL injector is being finalized and prototypes of the components (cavities and couplers) have been fabricated and are currently in the testing stage. The paper will provide a status of the activities.

MOPC095	Superconducting Cavity R&D for ILC at MHI	cavity, HOM, superconducting-cavity, linac	298
	H. Hitomi, H. Hara, F. Inoue, K. Kanaoka, K. Sennyu, T. Yanagisawa MHI, Kobe, Japan
	We have developed and manufactured some superconducting RF cavity for STF project in KEK. In recent vertical test in KEK, the MHI-#12 cavity which is one of cavities for STF phase 2 project reached ILC specification(max Eacc was about 40MV/m). So techniques for manufacturing cavity is making steady progress in MHI. To be realized ILC project, we also try to decrease the manufacturing cost by using some new techniques, for example Laser Beam Welding, deep drawing, seamless dumbbell, etc. In this meeting, we will report recent MHI's activities for ILC.

MOPC112	Fabrication and Testing Status of CEBAF 12 GeV Upgrade Cavities	cavity, cryomodule, HOM, electron	337
	F. Marhauser, A. Burrill, G.K. Davis, D. Forehand, C. Grenoble, J. Hogan, R.B. Overton, A.V. Reilly, R.A. Rimmer, M. Stirbet JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The 12 GeV upgrade of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) is under way. All cavities have been built by industry and are presently undergoing post-processing and final low and high power qualification before cryomodule assembly. The status is reported including fabrication-related experiences, observations and issues throughout production, post-processing and qualification.

MOPC145	Recent Progress on the Technical Realization of the Bunch Phase Timing System BuTiS	controls, laser, cavity, diagnostics	418
	B. Zipfel, P. Moritz GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	A high precision phase synchronous clock distribution system is mandatory for generating local RF reference signals in an accelerator complex. The dedicated Bunch Timing System (BuTiS) at GSI performs this function. The accuracy of the realized installation under rough ambient conditions is presented. Procedures for calibration and standardization aspects of system modules are pointed out. Hardware as well as software interfaces of the system are described. The interfacing between GPS and BuTiS are explained.

MOPO037	Concept of Femtosecond Timing and Synchronization Scheme at ELBE	laser, electron, controls, pick-up	565
	M. Kuntzsch, A. Büchner, M. Gensch, A. Jochmann, T. Kirschke, U. Lehnert, F. Röser HZDR, Dresden, Germany M.K. Bock, M. Bousonville, M. Felber, T. Lamb, H. Schlarb, S. Schulz DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The Radiation Source ELBE at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf is undergoing an extension to offer capacity for various applications. The extension includes the setup of a THz-beamline with a dedicated laboratory and a beamline for electron-beam - high-power laser interaction. The current synchronization scheme offers stability on the picoseconds level. For pump-probe experiments using optical lasers, the desired synchronization between the pump and the probe pulse should be on the femtosecond scale. In the future there will be an optical synchronization system with a pulsed fiber laser as an optical reference. The laser pulses will be distributed over stabilized fiber links to the remote stations. It is planned to install EOM-based beam arrival time monitors (BAMs) in order to monitor the bunch jitter and to establish a beam-based feedback to reduce the jitter. Besides that, the timing system has to be revised to generate triggers for experiments with low repetition rate, two electron guns (thermionic DC, superconducting RF) and several lasers. The Poster will show the possible layout of the future Timing and Synchronization System at ELBE.

MOPZ028	Solid Absorber Program Status for MICE Step IV	emittance, simulation, insertion, cavity	859
	P. Snopok IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA J.H. Cobb JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom G.T. Kafka Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA C.T. Rogers STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work is supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council and the U.S. Department of Energy. In the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE), muons are cooled by passing through material and then through RF cavities to compensate for the energy loss, which reduces the transverse emittance. In addition to demonstrating the transverse emittance reduction using flat solid absorbers, it is also planned to demonstrate longitudinal emittance reduction via emittance exchange in MICE by using a solid wedge-shaped absorber in MICE Step IV. The current status of the simulation and design effort for both flat and wedge-shaped solid absorbers is summarized.

MOPZ037	Extension of the 3-spectrometer Beam Transport Line for the KAOS Spectrometer at MAMI and Recent Status of MAMI	target, dipole, electron, beam-transport	880
	R.G. Heine, M. Dehn, K.-H. Kaiser, H.-J. Kreidel, U.L. Ludwig-Mertin IKP, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: Work supported by DFG (CRC443) and the German Federal State of Rhineland-Palatinate The institute for nuclear physics (KPH) at Mainz University is operating a 1.6 GeV c.w. microtron cascade (MAMI) for nuclear physics research. One of the vast experimental activities is electron scattering. A 3-spectrometer setup is used for cross-section measurements of hadron knock-out and meson production. The KAOS spectrometer magnet of GSI is installed there in parallel to detect particles from (e,e'K)reactions under small forward angles. So the primary electron beam has to transit the spectrometer and after this it has to hit the existing beam dump. Because of the existing experimental setup, this must be realised by deflecting the beam before the target that is rotated to be in line with the KAOS spectrometer's inlet. This paper will deal with the basic concept of a flexible beam transport line (BTL) magnet chicane for different KAOS forward angles, while keeping the forward beam direction for the 3-spectrometer setup untouched. A survey concept for assembly and adjustment of the BTL will be introduced, that is also useful for future adjustments of the target mount after target change. Results of the BTL commissioning and a general MAMI status will be presented as well.

TUPC094	Development of High-speed Differential Current-transformer Monitor	electron, bunching, gun, monitoring	1227
	S. Matsubara, H. Ego, K. Yanagida JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan A. Higashiya, S.I. Inoue, Y. Otake RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan H. Maesaka RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan
	The XFEL, which was named SACLA, was constructed in the SPring-8 site. In the SACLA, the bunch length of an electron beam is compressed from 1 ns to 30 fs, and the beam charge is decreased to obtain a genuine electron beam from 1nC to 0.3 nC for lasing. A new current-transformer (CT) monitor, which should measure the charge of the electron beam and make bunch length observation in velocity bunching process, was developed with two advantageous properties. One is differential output signal which suppresses common-mode noise from the thyratron of a klystron modulator by a factor of ten. Another property is high-speed signal output which provides a possibility to measure the bunch length and the time-of-flight (TOF) at the injector part of the SACLA. The output signal has 200 ps rise-time and a pulse width of 400 ps (FWHM) for an impulse beam. We successfully observed the bunch length between 1 ns and 400 ps around a 238 MHz buncher cavity. Moreover, we measured the TOF between two CTs with a few picoseconds resolution for a low-energy beam around 1 MeV. Thus, the new CT performance was confirmed to be sufficient for the SACLA.

TUPS034	Development and Construction of the Beam Dump for J-PARC Hadron Hall	hadron, proton, gun, radiation	1608
	A. Agari, E. Hirose, M. Ieiri, Y. Katoh, M. Minakawa, R. Muto, M. Naruki, Y. Sato, S. Sawada, Y. Shirakabe, Y. Suzuki, H. Takahashi, M. Takasaki, K.H. Tanaka, A. Toyoda, H. Watanabe, Y. Yamanoi KEK, Tsukuba, Japan H. Noumi RCNP, Osaka, Japan
	Funding: This work is supported by Grant-in-Aid (No.22740184) for Young Scientists (B) of the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [MEXT]. A facility of Hadron hall at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) had been constructed in June 2007. Hadron hall is designed to handle intense slow-extraction proton beam from the main accelerator of J-PARC, i.e. 50-GeV-PS. The first transportation of the proton beam to the hall was successfully made in Jan. 2009. A beam dump constructed at the end of the primary proton beam line in Hadron hall is designed to safely absorb 15 μA (=750-kW) proton beam. Its central core of the dump is made of copper with water cooling and is surrounded by iron and concrete for radiation protection. We made thermal and mechanical FEM analysis for investigating heat generation and mechanical stress from energy deposition. We also made cooling experiments for measuring heat transfer coefficient of candidates for new cooling device. As a result, the adopted device has direct cooling paths which are prepared as long holes made by Gun Drill from the outer surface of the copper core. In addition, the beam dump is designed to safely move to 50-m downstream as one body for future expansion of Hadron hall. This paper reports development and construction of the beam dump in Hadron hall.

TUPS063	Power Saving Schemes in the NSRRC	controls, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, radiation	1680
	J.-C. Chang, Y.F. Chiu, J.-M. Lee, Y.-C. Lin, C.Y. Liu, Z.-D. Tsai, T.-S. Ueng NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Taiwan will complete the construction of the civil and utility system engineering of the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) in the end of 2012. The power consumption of the TPS is estimated about 2.3 times of that of the existed Taiwan Light Source (TLS). To cope with increasing power requirement in the near future, we have been conducting several power saving schemes, which include power requirement control, optimization of chillers operation, application of heat pump, air conditioning system improvement, power factor improvement and the lighting system improvement.

TUPS064	Construction Status of the Utility System for the 3GeV TPS Storage Ring	storage-ring, controls, booster, power-supply	1683
	J.-C. Chang, J.-R. Chen, Y.-C. Chung, C.K. Kuan, K.C. Kuo, J.-M. Lee, Y.-C. Lin, C.Y. Liu, I. Liu, Z.-D. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	The construction of the utility system for the 3.0 GeV Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) has been contracted out in the end of 2009. The whole construction of the utility system is scheduled to be completed in the end of 2012. Total budget of this construction is about four million dollars. The utility system includes the electrical power, cooling water, air conditioning, compressed air and fire control systems. The TPS construction site is located adjacent to TLS. Some areas of TPS and TLS are overlapped. Under tight schedule, limit budget and geographic constrains, it is a challenge to complete the utility system construction of TPS on time, on budget, and to specification. This paper presents some main issues and status of the utility system construction for the TPS storage ring.

TUPS065	Design of the De-ionized Water Treatment for Taiwan Photon Source	controls, ion, storage-ring, photon	1686
	Z.-D. Tsai, W.S. Chan, C.K. Kuan NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	This work presents the water treatment design of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). The system design is influenced by supplied water quality, water quantity and the selected process scheme. The system is composed of a pretreatment, make-up, and points-of-use filtration systems. The pretreatment system consists of an active carbon tower, a normally cartridge filter and a reversed osmosis (RO) unit. Furthermore, the make-up system consists of an ultraviolent (UV) TOC reduction unit and a ion-exchange resin unit. Following the water treatment process, the proposed system can provide high quality de-ionized water whose resistivity is better than 10 MΩ-cm at 25±0.1 degree C and dissolved oxygen is less than 10 ppb.

TUPS066	Design of Front End Safety Interlock System for Taiwan Photon Source	controls, photon, radiation, vacuum	1689
	H.Y. Yan, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, C.K. Kuan, I.C. Sheng, Z.-D. Tsai NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Safety interlock is one of critical subsystems in synchrotron radiation accelerator. A front end (FE) interlock prototype system has been designed, fabricated, and initially tested for Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). TPS FE interlock logic is designed based on that of Taiwan Light Source (TLS), and moderately modified due to the accelerator parameter discrepancy between TPS and TLS. The programmable automation controllers (PAC) have been utilized in FE safety interlock system for their reliability, convenience, processing capability, communication, and stability in user interface. In FE PAC system, touch panels are used as the graphical user interface (GUI) to control and monitor FE components. In addition, with GUI control it is used to beam position monitoring devices as well as confined beam sizes aperture for beam line users. The interlock design such as data acquisition and parameters monitoring for vacuum pressure, flow rate of cooling water, pressure of compressive air, chamber and water temperature, and overall interlock logic are also presented in this paper.

TUPS068	The GSI RF Maintenance & Diagnostics Project	LLRF, diagnostics, controls, cavity	1695
	K.-P. Ningel, H. Klingbeil, B. Zipfel GSI, Darmstadt, Germany A. Honarbacht, M. Proske Ubisys Technologies GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany H. Veldman LogiTrue, Polokwane, South Africa
	From time-to-time, microcontroller- and FPGA-based LLRF electronics devices need maintenance of firmware and configuration data. The system described here allows this and also long term monitoring of functionality and performance. Both requirements cover measuring devices that operate under a common operating system as well as modules only addressable by means of GPIOs or their programming interface. For large accelerator systems like in the FAIR project, a Web-based remotely controlled system was designed in close collaboration with two industrial partners. To cover the requirements of the extremely different types of participating modules while remaining flexible for future extensions, the system was designed with a maximum of modularity and a strong focus on high reliability and safety. This contribution describes the global structure and the actual status of the RF Maintenance and Diagnostics System. Several types of measuring equipment and LLRF modules such as a phase control loop system and an IF signal pre-processing system have been integrated.

TUPS084	Development Status of PPS, MPS and TS for IFMIF/EVEDA Prototype Accelerator	controls, radiation, beam-losses, monitoring	1734
	H. Takahashi, T. Kojima, T. Narita, K. Nishiyama, H. Sakaki, K. Tsutsumi JAEA, Aomori, Japan
	Control System for IFMIF/EVEDA* prototype accelerator consists of six subsystems; Central Control System (CCS), Local Area Network (LAN), Personnel Protection System (PPS), Machine Protection System (MPS), Timing System (TS) and Local Control System (LCS). The IFMIF/EVEDA prototype accelerator provides deuteron beam with the power more than 1 MW, which is as same as that in cases of J-PARC and SNS. Then, the PPS is required to protect technical and engineering staff against unnecessary exposure and the other danger phenomena. The MPS and the TS are strongly required a high performance and precision to avoid radio-activation of the accelerator components. To realize these requirements, the PPS designed that Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are used mainly, and a sequence is programmed for entering and leaving of controlled area and etc. Hardware and logic sequences for the MPS are designed to realize the beam inhibition time within 30 micro-seconds. The TS prototype modules were designed and tested using 10 MHz master clock and 100 Hz reference trigger. This article presents the PPS, MPS and TS design in details. * International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility / Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activity

TUPS089	HI-13 Tandem Accelerator Radiation Protection System	radiation, controls, tandem-accelerator, monitoring	1749
	X.F. Wang, Y.M. Hu CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	In HI-13 Tandem Accelerator laboratory, a new radiation protection system has been built Which composed of 7 protective door control units and 7 emergency alarms , 23 groups of indicators,17 groups of workshop-empty units , L.E and IMAG Faraday cups as well as computer control and display system . Pre-empty process is prerequisite before close the protective doors to ensure nobody be exposed on irradiation environment otherwise the door-open would be disabled. Even thought somebody left, pushing nearby alarm button and emergency door-open button will induce glittery signal and simultaneous door-openning. L.E and IMAG Faraday cups execute immediate beam interruption once accidence occured . The distributed indicators indicate real time status of all the work fields. All above devices and units are interlocked follow some complex but logical protective rules. Computer workstation is built and accordingly, after full information and operation action signals are collected and transferred, the software can complete full-sides status monitoring, provide convenient control and display interfaces as well as pop adequate prompt frames.

TUPS101	A Fast 650V Chopper Driver	controls, linac, impedance, kicker	1777
	M.M. Paoluzzi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the framework of Linac4 and the Superconducting Proton Linac (SPL) studies at CERN, the design for a beam chopper has been carried out. The chopper is basically a kicker that deviates part of the beam towards a dump. It is made of two 50 Ω, slow wave lines facing each other, matching the beam velocity and driven with a minimum of 500 V. Due to the bunch spacing of 2.84 ns, a system rise and fall time (3 %-90 %) below 2.5 ns is required with pulse lengths ranging from 8 ns to hundreds of μs. Although different solutions for the driver amplifier where devised in the past, none of the achievements was entirely satisfactory. This paper describes a new design and prototype that meets all the required specifications.

TUPS102	Design of an FPGA-based Radiation Tolerant Agent for WorldFIP Fieldbus	radiation, controls, target, simulation	1780
	G. Penacoba Fernandez, P. Alvarez, E. Gousiou, S.T. Page, J.P. Palluel, J. Serrano, E. Van der Bij CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN makes extensive use of the WorldFIP field-bus interface in the LHC and other accelerators in the pre-injectors chain. Following the decision of the provider of the components to stop the developments in this field and foreseeing the potential problems in the subsequent support, CERN decided to purchase the design information of these components and in-source the future developments using this technology. The first in-house design concerns a replacement for the MicroFIP chip whose last version was manufactured in an IC feature size found to be more vulnerable to radiation of high energy particles than the previous versions. NanoFIP is a CERN design based on a Flash FPGA implementing a subset of the functionality allowed by the communication standard, fitting the requirements of the different users and including the robustness against radiation as a design constraint. The development presented involved several groups at CERN working together in the framework of the Open Hardware Repository collaboration, and aiming at maximizing the interoperability and reliability of the final product.

WEIB03	Emerging New Electronics Standards for Physics	controls, instrumentation, monitoring, diagnostics	1981
	R.S. Larsen SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by US Department of Energy Contract DE AC03 76SF00515. A unique effort is underway between industry and the international physics community to extend the Telecom industry’s Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA and MicroTCA) to meet future needs of the physics machine and detector community. New standard extensions for physics are being designed to deliver unprecedented performance and high subsystem availability for accelerator controls, instrumentation and data acquisition. A key feature is a unique out-of-band imbedded standard Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) system to manage hot-swap module replacement and hardware-software failover. An additional goal is to achieve a much higher degree of interoperability of both lab and industry designed hardware-software products than past generations of standards. This presentation will describe status of the hardware-software standards extension plans; technology advantages for machine controls and data acquisition systems; and examples of collaborative efforts to help develop an industry base of generic ATCA and MicroTCA products in an open-source environment.
	Slides WEIB03 [3.905 MB]

WEPC119	PYMAD – Integration of MADX in PYTHON	simulation, background, lattice, optics	2289
	K. Fuchsberger, Y.I. Levinsen CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN is MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design), which is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. For detailed processing, analysis and plotting of MADX results, other programming languages are often used. One very popular scripting language is PYTHON, which is widely used in the physics community and provides powerful numerical libraries and plotting routines. Therefore, access to MADX models from PYTHON is a common demand. Currently, several possible concepts for the realization of such a project are evaluated, including direct access to MADX via CYTHON (C extension of PYTHON) or the re-usage of the existing JMAD Java libraries, benefiting from the already available model-definitions. A first prototype is already in use and the release as an open source project is in preparation. This paper presents the concepts and the current status of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC120	Status of JMAD, the JAVA-API for MADX	optics, controls, lattice, feedback	2292
	K. Fuchsberger, X. Buffat, Y.I. Levinsen, G.J. Müller CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design) is the de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN. This feature-rich software package is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. Nevertheless the controls environment of modern accelerators at CERN, e.g., of the LHC, is dominated by JAVA applications. A lot of these applications, for example, for lattice measurement and fitting, require a close interaction with the numerical models, which are all defined by the use of the proprietary MADX scripting language. To close this gap an API to MADX for the JAVA programming language (JMAD) was developed. JMAD was first presented to the public about one year ago. In the meantime, a number of improvements were done, and additional MADX features (e.g., tracking) were made available for JAVA applications. Additionally, the graphical user interface was improved, and the first release as open source software is in reach. This paper describes the current status and some new features of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC143	First Operation of the SACLA Control System in SPring-8	controls, electron, laser, monitoring	2325
	R. Tanaka, Y. Furukawa, T. Hirono, M. Ishii, M. Kago, A. Kiyomichi, T. Masuda, T. Matsumoto, T. Matsushita, T. Ohata, C. Saji, T. Sugimoto, M. Yamaga, A. Yamashita JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan T. Fukui, T. Hatsui, N. Hosoda, T. Ohshima, T. Otake, Y. Otake, H. Takebe RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan H. Maesaka RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan
	The control system design of the X-ray free electron laser facility (SACLA) in SPring-8 has started in 2006. Now, the facility has completed to start beam commissioning in February 2011. The electron beams were successfully accelerated up to 8 GeV and the first SASE X-ray was observed. The control system adopts the 3-tier standard model by using MADOCA framework developed in SPring-8. The upper control layer consists of Linux PCs for operator consoles, Sybase RDBMS for data logging and FC-based NAS for NFS. The lower layer consists of VMEbus systems with off-the-shelf I/O boards and specially developed boards for RF waveform processing with high precision. Solaris OS is adopted to operate VMEbus CPU. The PLC is used for slow control and connected to the VME systems via FL-net. The Device-net is adopted for frontend device control to reduce the number of signal cables. Some of VMEbus systems have a beam-synchronized data-taking system to meet 60Hz electron beam operation for the beam tuning diagnostics. The accelerator control system has gateways not only to monitor device status but also control the tuning points of the facility utility system, especially cooling water.

WEPC155	Fast Acquisition Multipurpose Controller with EPICS Integration and Data Logging	EPICS, controls, LLRF	2346
	I. Arredondo, D. Belver, P. Echevarria, H. Hassanzadegan, M. del Campo ESS-Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain V. Etxebarria, J. Jugo University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bilbao, Spain N. Garmendia, L. Muguira ESS Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain
	Funding: Funding Agency The present work is supported by the Basque Government and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. This work introduces a fast acquisition multipurpose controller (MC), based on a XML configuration with EPICS integration and Data Logging. The main hardware is an FPGA based board, connected to a Host PC. This Host computer acts as the local controller and implements an IOC, integrating the device into an EPICS network. Java has been used as the main programming language in order to make the device fit the desired application. The whole process includes the use of different technologies: JNA to handle FPGA API, JavaIOC to integrate EPICS and XML w3c DOM classes to configure each particular application. Furthermore, a MySQL database is used for data storage, together with the deployment of an EPICS ArchiveEngine instance, offering the possibility to record data from both, the ArchiveEngine and a specifically designed Java library. The developed Java specific tools include different methods: FPGA management, creation and use of EPICS server, mathematical data processing, Archive Engine's MySQL database connection and creation/initialization of the application structure by means of an XML file. This MC has been used to implement a BPM and an LLRF applications for ESS-Bilbao.

WEPC159	A Python Tracking Code and GUI for Control Room Operations	controls, lattice, storage-ring, dipole	2358
	M.T. Heron, J. Rowland Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Considerable use has been made in recent years of accelerator physics modelling and online tools under Matlab. These have demonstrated the benefits of operating in a rich integrated environment and further given good portability across projects and operating systems. As a possible alternative to Matlab, Diamond has been evaluating options based on Python. Python together with the Numpy libraries and Qt Graphics provides an environment which offers a lot of the functionality of Matlab. This paper presents these developments, which include a tracking code, symplectic integrator, twiss and response matrix together with a GUI interface.

WEPS095	Status of J-PARC Accelerator Facilities after the Great East Japan Earthquake	linac, vacuum, DTL, neutron	2727
	K. Hasegawa, M. Kinsho, H. Oguri JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan T. Koseki KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
	J-PARC was heavily affected by the March 11 Great East Japan Earthquake. When the earthquake struck, we had a beam study operation of the linac and the machine immediately stopped. Fortunately, we had no effects of tsunami that happened nearby and no one was injured. We can see subsidence at many places; about 1.5m over the wide area at the entrance of the linac building, about 50cm over the area of 1m x 10m at the main ring building, etc. Underground water is coming into the linac and the main ring tunnels. The water level at the linac reached a depth of 10 cm, but pumping with a diesel generator successfully saved from further flooding. At the RCS, the circulating road went wavy and the yard area for electricity and water devices was heavily distorted. Therefore, a high voltage power is not available on the date of abstract submission. We are investigating damages of each facility and also we are trying to estimate the beam restoration. The current status of the J-PARC accelerator facilities after the earthquake will be presented.

THOBB02	High Gradient Magnetic Alloy Cavities for J-PARC Upgrade	cavity, impedance, synchrotron, proton	2885
	C. Ohmori, O. Araoka, E. Ezura, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, A. Koda, Y. Makida, Y. Miyake, R. Muto, K. Nishiyama, T. Ogitsu, H. Ohhata, K. Shimomura, A. Takagi, K. Takata, K.H. Tanaka, M. Toda, M. Yoshii KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan T. Minamikawa University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan M. Nomura, A. Schnase, T. Shimada, F. Tamura, M. Yamamoto JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
	Magnetic alloy cavities are used for both MR and RCS synchrotrons. Both cavity systems operate successfully and they generate a higher voltage than could be achieved by an ordinary ferrite cavity system. For the future upgrade of J-PARC, a higher RF voltage is needed. A new RF cavity system using the material, FT3L, is designed to achieve this higher field gradient. A large production system using an old cyclotron magnet was constructed to anneal 85-cm size FT3L cores in the J-PARC Hadron Experiment Hall. The muSR (Muon Spin Rotation/Relaxation/Resonance) Experiments were also carried out to study the magnetic alloy. The status of development on the J-PARC site and a new RF system design will be reported.
	Slides THOBB02 [2.729 MB]

THPO005	A Dipole Power Supply Based on Multi-lever Inverter Technique	power-supply, controls, dipole, ion	3343
	Y.X. Chen, D.Q. Gao, Y.Z. Huang, R.K. Wang, H.B. Yan IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	By applying multi-lever inverter technique to ion accelerator power supply, it can provide steady current in wide range, increase the power supply’s equivalent output frequency, then further promote power supply’s response capability and reduce the output ripple current. This article firstly by giving a detailed introduction of composite and basic working process of dipole power supply which also applied the technique mentioned above, interpret the working principle of multi-lever inverter, and illustrate its advantages. However, applying this technique will make controller more complicated, which need to be overcome by digital regulator technique. And meanwhile digital regulator technique can improve the power supply's performance. The second part of this article briefly introduces the overall scheme of digital regulator. And at last, this article illustrate the dipole power supply meet to design target and make some improvement by using the practical results to prove that applying multi-level inverter technique into accelerator power supply is practicable and beneficial.

THPO021	A New Control System for the ISIS Main Magnet Power Supply	controls, power-supply, target, synchrotron	3385
	J. Ranner, T.E. Carter, S. West STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS pulsed neutron and muon source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire is a world-leading centre for research in the physical and life sciences. At the heart of the ISIS accelerator is a proton synchrotron which uses a ring of dipole and quadrupole magnets connected in series and configured as a White Circuit. The circuit allows the magnets to be fed with an AC current superimposed on a DC current. A recent upgrade to the main magnet power supply* involved the replacement of the original AC supply, a motor-alternator set, with a bank of four 300kVA UPS (uninterruptible power supplies) which had been modified to allow the output voltage to be varied using serial commands. However, when initially tested, this method was unable to produce the required stability in the main magnet current. This paper describes the further modifications to the UPS units to achieve the required stability and the development of a LabVIEW control system which manages the data acquisition and analysis, the communication to the UPS, interlock equipment and user interface, and provides a low latency control loop to the UPS and DC bias power supplies. * M.G. White et al., “A 3-BeV High Intensity Proton Synchrotron”, CERN Symp.1956 Proc., p525. ** S. West, J.W. Gray, W.A. Morris, “Upgrade of the ISIS Main Magnet Power Supply”, EPAC 2004 p1467.

THPO033	Calculation of Metallization Resistivity and Thickness for MedAustron Kicker Systems	simulation, vacuum, kicker, proton	3412
	M.J. Barnes CERN, Geneva, Switzerland T. Kramer, T. Stadlbauer EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria
	The MedAustron facility, to be built in Wiener Neustadt (Austria), will provide protons and ions for both cancer therapy and research. Different types of kicker magnets will be used in the facility. The kicker magnets are outside machine vacuum: each kicker magnet has a ceramic beam chamber whose inner surface is metallized. The resistivity and thickness of the metallization are chosen such that the induced eddy currents, resulting from the pulsed kicker magnetic field, do not unduly affect the rise/fall times or homogeneity of the magnetic field. A comparison of an analytical calculation and measurement is reported for the effect of metallization of the ceramic beam chamber of an existing kicker system at CERN. For a MedAustron kicker the result of an analytical calculation is compared with predictions from electromagnetic simulations: conclusions concerning the metallization of the ceramic beam chambers, for the MedAustron kicker magnets, are presented.

THPS065	Upgraded X-band 950 KeV Linac X-ray Source for On-site Inspection at Petrochemical Complex	linac, coupling, shielding, site	3574
	M. Jin, K. Demachi, K. Dobashi, H.F. Jin, T. Natsui, M. Uesaka The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan J. Kusano, N. Nakamura, M. Yamamoto Accuthera Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan E. Tanabe AET, Kawasaki-City, Japan
	Abstract―Our portable X-band (9.3GHz) 950KeV linac has been successfully upgraded. The problems of RF power oscillation, beam current oscillation and reduction and finally lack of X-ray intensity were solved by replacing the axial coupling cavities with the side-coupled ones. Designed X-ray dose rate of 0.05 Sv/min@1m is going to be achieved. Length of the accelerating tube is reduced to less than 25 cm. X-ray source part with the local radiation shielding is connected by the flexible waveguide with the box of the 300 kW　magnetron and cooling unit. The total system consists of the three suit-case-size units, the last of which is one for the electric power supply. Even on-line dynamic transmission imaging is available by using the high intensity X-ray camera. Demonstration of the measurement of wall thinning of metal pipes with thick thermal shielding is under way. Updated measurement results will be presented. KEYWORDS: portable X-band linac X-ray source, on-site high energy X-ray inspection, petrochemical complex

THPS071	The HIMAC Beam-intensity Control System for Heavy-ion Scanning	controls, feedback, extraction, ion	3592
	K. Mizushima Chiba University, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan T. Furukawa, Y. Iwata, K. Katagiri, K. Noda, S. Sato, T. Shirai NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan E. Takeshita Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan
	Raster scanning irradiation has been carried out at a HIMAC new treatment facility in NIRS. In order to reduce the difference between prescribed and delivered dose distribution, the accurate beam-intensity control with a low ripple and the fast beam-on/off switching are strongly required. For this purpose, we have developed a new beam-intensity control system using the RF-knockout slow extraction. To keep the beam rate constant, this system controls the transverse RF voltage with the feedback proportional-integral control. In addition, the beam-on/off response was improved by the fast quadrupole magnets and the implementation of the transverse beam preheating method. As a result of the system commissioning, it was verified that this system can modulate the beam-intensity with a low ripple and switch the beam-on/off with quick responses. We will report the result in detail.

FRYCA01	Towards a World Without Nuclear Weapons: How can Scientists Help?	target, controls, acceleration	3794
	J. Duncan UK Mission for Multilateral Arms Control & Disarmament, Cointrin, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty could eventually result in a significant reduction - or even complete elimination - of nuclear weapons. Technologies from the accelerator field, such as transmutation of weapon-grade uranium and plutonium, alternative techniques for nuclear power generation, detection of fissile material and verification, will be very important for this effort. The present trend in modern diplomacy is to form unconventional alliances to make progress on challenging issues. Could an alliance between diplomats and scientists help to achieve the ultimate goal of reducing and eventually eliminating nuclear weapons?

Paper

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MOPC030

The C-band Traveling-wave Accelerating Structure for Compact XFEL at SINAP*

linac, vacuum, controls, impedance

133

W. Fang, Q. Gu, Z.T. Zhao
SINAP, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
D.C. Tong
TUB, Beijing, People's Republic of China

The R&D of C-band accelerating structure has been launched two years ago at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, it will be used for the future compact hard X-ray FEL. The 1st C-band traveling-wave accelerating structure is ready for the high power test now. This structure is the preliminary model for the research of the technology of microwave test and tuning, arts and crafts and high power test. This paper presents the process of fabrication, cold test and tuning results.

MOPC071

Status of High Power Tests of Normal Conducting Short Standing Wave Structures*

coupling, klystron, electron, beam-loading

241

V.A. Dolgashev, Z. Li, S.G. Tantawi, A.D. Yeremian
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
Y. Higashi
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
B. Spataro
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy

Funding: Work Supported by Doe Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515
We report results of continuing high power tests of short standing wave structures. These tests are part of an experimental and theoretical study of basic physics of rf breakdown in 11.4 GHz, normal conducting structures. The goal of this study is to determine the accelerating gradient capability of normal conducting rf powered particle accelerators. We have tested structures of different geometries, cell joining techniques, and materials. We found that the breakdown rate dependence on peak magnetic fields is stronger than on peak surface electric fields for cylindrically symmetric structures powered via a TM01 mode launcher. We report test results for structures powered by side-coupled rectangular waveguides. We found that increased rf magnetic field due to the side-coupling increases the breakdown rate as compared to the same accelerating gradient in cylindrically symmetric structures.

MOPC082

Status of the 325 MHz SC CH-Cavity at IAP Frankfurt

cavity, simulation, linac, electron

265

M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
M. Amberg, K. Aulenbacher
HIM, Mainz, Germany
W.A. Barth, S. Mickat
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Funding: BMBF contract no. 06FY161I
At the Institute for Applied Physics (IAP), University of Frankfurt, a s.c. 325 MHz CH-Cavity is under development for future beam tests at GSI UNILAC, Darmstadt. The cavity with 7 accelerating cells has a geometrical beta of 0.15 corresponding to 11.4 AMeV. The design gradient is 5 MV/m. The geometry of this resonator was optimized with respect to a compact design, low peak fields, surface processing, power coupling and tuning. Furthermore a new tuning system based on bellow tuners inside the resonator will control the frequency during operation. After rf tests in Frankfurt the cavity will be tested with a 10 mA, 11.4 AMeV beam delivered by the GSI UNILAC. In this paper rf simulations, multipacting analysis as well as thermal calculations will be presented.

MOPC091

Status of the XFEL 3.9 GHz Injector Section

cavity, cryogenics, cryomodule, linac

289

P. Pierini, M. Bonezzi, A. Bosotti, M. Fusetti, P.M. Michelato, L. Monaco, R. Paparella, D. Sertore
INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
E. Vogel
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The European XFEL will use a superconducting third harmonic section to achieve the necessary beam quality for the FEL process. The concept has been successfully proven at the FLASH linac in DESY, with a 4 cavity superconducting module contributed by FNAL. The design of the third harmonic system at the XFEL injector is being finalized and prototypes of the components (cavities and couplers) have been fabricated and are currently in the testing stage. The paper will provide a status of the activities.

MOPC095

Superconducting Cavity R&D for ILC at MHI

cavity, HOM, superconducting-cavity, linac

298

H. Hitomi, H. Hara, F. Inoue, K. Kanaoka, K. Sennyu, T. Yanagisawa
MHI, Kobe, Japan

We have developed and manufactured some superconducting RF cavity for STF project in KEK. In recent vertical test in KEK, the MHI-#12 cavity which is one of cavities for STF phase 2 project reached ILC specification(max Eacc was about 40MV/m). So techniques for manufacturing cavity is making steady progress in MHI. To be realized ILC project, we also try to decrease the manufacturing cost by using some new techniques, for example Laser Beam Welding, deep drawing, seamless dumbbell, etc. In this meeting, we will report recent MHI's activities for ILC.

MOPC112

Fabrication and Testing Status of CEBAF 12 GeV Upgrade Cavities

cavity, cryomodule, HOM, electron

337

F. Marhauser, A. Burrill, G.K. Davis, D. Forehand, C. Grenoble, J. Hogan, R.B. Overton, A.V. Reilly, R.A. Rimmer, M. Stirbet
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The 12 GeV upgrade of the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) at Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) is under way. All cavities have been built by industry and are presently undergoing post-processing and final low and high power qualification before cryomodule assembly. The status is reported including fabrication-related experiences, observations and issues throughout production, post-processing and qualification.

MOPC145

Recent Progress on the Technical Realization of the Bunch Phase Timing System BuTiS

controls, laser, cavity, diagnostics

418

B. Zipfel, P. Moritz
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

A high precision phase synchronous clock distribution system is mandatory for generating local RF reference signals in an accelerator complex. The dedicated Bunch Timing System (BuTiS) at GSI performs this function. The accuracy of the realized installation under rough ambient conditions is presented. Procedures for calibration and standardization aspects of system modules are pointed out. Hardware as well as software interfaces of the system are described. The interfacing between GPS and BuTiS are explained.

MOPO037

Concept of Femtosecond Timing and Synchronization Scheme at ELBE

laser, electron, controls, pick-up

565

M. Kuntzsch, A. Büchner, M. Gensch, A. Jochmann, T. Kirschke, U. Lehnert, F. Röser
HZDR, Dresden, Germany
M.K. Bock, M. Bousonville, M. Felber, T. Lamb, H. Schlarb, S. Schulz
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The Radiation Source ELBE at Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf is undergoing an extension to offer capacity for various applications. The extension includes the setup of a THz-beamline with a dedicated laboratory and a beamline for electron-beam - high-power laser interaction. The current synchronization scheme offers stability on the picoseconds level. For pump-probe experiments using optical lasers, the desired synchronization between the pump and the probe pulse should be on the femtosecond scale. In the future there will be an optical synchronization system with a pulsed fiber laser as an optical reference. The laser pulses will be distributed over stabilized fiber links to the remote stations. It is planned to install EOM-based beam arrival time monitors (BAMs) in order to monitor the bunch jitter and to establish a beam-based feedback to reduce the jitter. Besides that, the timing system has to be revised to generate triggers for experiments with low repetition rate, two electron guns (thermionic DC, superconducting RF) and several lasers. The Poster will show the possible layout of the future Timing and Synchronization System at ELBE.

MOPZ028

Solid Absorber Program Status for MICE Step IV

emittance, simulation, insertion, cavity

859

P. Snopok
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
J.H. Cobb
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
G.T. Kafka
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
C.T. Rogers
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

Funding: Work is supported by the Science and Technology Facilities Council and the U.S. Department of Energy.
In the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE), muons are cooled by passing through material and then through RF cavities to compensate for the energy loss, which reduces the transverse emittance. In addition to demonstrating the transverse emittance reduction using flat solid absorbers, it is also planned to demonstrate longitudinal emittance reduction via emittance exchange in MICE by using a solid wedge-shaped absorber in MICE Step IV. The current status of the simulation and design effort for both flat and wedge-shaped solid absorbers is summarized.

MOPZ037

Extension of the 3-spectrometer Beam Transport Line for the KAOS Spectrometer at MAMI and Recent Status of MAMI

target, dipole, electron, beam-transport

880

R.G. Heine, M. Dehn, K.-H. Kaiser, H.-J. Kreidel, U.L. Ludwig-Mertin
IKP, Mainz, Germany

Funding: Work supported by DFG (CRC443) and the German Federal State of Rhineland-Palatinate
The institute for nuclear physics (KPH) at Mainz University is operating a 1.6 GeV c.w. microtron cascade (MAMI) for nuclear physics research. One of the vast experimental activities is electron scattering. A 3-spectrometer setup is used for cross-section measurements of hadron knock-out and meson production. The KAOS spectrometer magnet of GSI is installed there in parallel to detect particles from (e,e'K)reactions under small forward angles. So the primary electron beam has to transit the spectrometer and after this it has to hit the existing beam dump. Because of the existing experimental setup, this must be realised by deflecting the beam before the target that is rotated to be in line with the KAOS spectrometer's inlet. This paper will deal with the basic concept of a flexible beam transport line (BTL) magnet chicane for different KAOS forward angles, while keeping the forward beam direction for the 3-spectrometer setup untouched. A survey concept for assembly and adjustment of the BTL will be introduced, that is also useful for future adjustments of the target mount after target change. Results of the BTL commissioning and a general MAMI status will be presented as well.

TUPC094

Development of High-speed Differential Current-transformer Monitor

electron, bunching, gun, monitoring

1227

S. Matsubara, H. Ego, K. Yanagida
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
A. Higashiya, S.I. Inoue, Y. Otake
RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan
H. Maesaka
RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan

The XFEL, which was named SACLA, was constructed in the SPring-8 site. In the SACLA, the bunch length of an electron beam is compressed from 1 ns to 30 fs, and the beam charge is decreased to obtain a genuine electron beam from 1nC to 0.3 nC for lasing. A new current-transformer (CT) monitor, which should measure the charge of the electron beam and make bunch length observation in velocity bunching process, was developed with two advantageous properties. One is differential output signal which suppresses common-mode noise from the thyratron of a klystron modulator by a factor of ten. Another property is high-speed signal output which provides a possibility to measure the bunch length and the time-of-flight (TOF) at the injector part of the SACLA. The output signal has 200 ps rise-time and a pulse width of 400 ps (FWHM) for an impulse beam. We successfully observed the bunch length between 1 ns and 400 ps around a 238 MHz buncher cavity. Moreover, we measured the TOF between two CTs with a few picoseconds resolution for a low-energy beam around 1 MeV. Thus, the new CT performance was confirmed to be sufficient for the SACLA.

TUPS034

Development and Construction of the Beam Dump for J-PARC Hadron Hall

hadron, proton, gun, radiation

1608

A. Agari, E. Hirose, M. Ieiri, Y. Katoh, M. Minakawa, R. Muto, M. Naruki, Y. Sato, S. Sawada, Y. Shirakabe, Y. Suzuki, H. Takahashi, M. Takasaki, K.H. Tanaka, A. Toyoda, H. Watanabe, Y. Yamanoi
KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
H. Noumi
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

Funding: This work is supported by Grant-in-Aid (No.22740184) for Young Scientists (B) of the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [MEXT].
A facility of Hadron hall at Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) had been constructed in June 2007. Hadron hall is designed to handle intense slow-extraction proton beam from the main accelerator of J-PARC, i.e. 50-GeV-PS. The first transportation of the proton beam to the hall was successfully made in Jan. 2009. A beam dump constructed at the end of the primary proton beam line in Hadron hall is designed to safely absorb 15 μA (=750-kW) proton beam. Its central core of the dump is made of copper with water cooling and is surrounded by iron and concrete for radiation protection. We made thermal and mechanical FEM analysis for investigating heat generation and mechanical stress from energy deposition. We also made cooling experiments for measuring heat transfer coefficient of candidates for new cooling device. As a result, the adopted device has direct cooling paths which are prepared as long holes made by Gun Drill from the outer surface of the copper core. In addition, the beam dump is designed to safely move to 50-m downstream as one body for future expansion of Hadron hall. This paper reports development and construction of the beam dump in Hadron hall.

TUPS063

Power Saving Schemes in the NSRRC

controls, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, radiation

1680

J.-C. Chang, Y.F. Chiu, J.-M. Lee, Y.-C. Lin, C.Y. Liu, Z.-D. Tsai, T.-S. Ueng
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Taiwan will complete the construction of the civil and utility system engineering of the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) in the end of 2012. The power consumption of the TPS is estimated about 2.3 times of that of the existed Taiwan Light Source (TLS). To cope with increasing power requirement in the near future, we have been conducting several power saving schemes, which include power requirement control, optimization of chillers operation, application of heat pump, air conditioning system improvement, power factor improvement and the lighting system improvement.

TUPS064

Construction Status of the Utility System for the 3GeV TPS Storage Ring

storage-ring, controls, booster, power-supply

1683

J.-C. Chang, J.-R. Chen, Y.-C. Chung, C.K. Kuan, K.C. Kuo, J.-M. Lee, Y.-C. Lin, C.Y. Liu, I. Liu, Z.-D. Tsai
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

The construction of the utility system for the 3.0 GeV Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) has been contracted out in the end of 2009. The whole construction of the utility system is scheduled to be completed in the end of 2012. Total budget of this construction is about four million dollars. The utility system includes the electrical power, cooling water, air conditioning, compressed air and fire control systems. The TPS construction site is located adjacent to TLS. Some areas of TPS and TLS are overlapped. Under tight schedule, limit budget and geographic constrains, it is a challenge to complete the utility system construction of TPS on time, on budget, and to specification. This paper presents some main issues and status of the utility system construction for the TPS storage ring.

TUPS065

Design of the De-ionized Water Treatment for Taiwan Photon Source

controls, ion, storage-ring, photon

1686

Z.-D. Tsai, W.S. Chan, C.K. Kuan
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

This work presents the water treatment design of Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). The system design is influenced by supplied water quality, water quantity and the selected process scheme. The system is composed of a pretreatment, make-up, and points-of-use filtration systems. The pretreatment system consists of an active carbon tower, a normally cartridge filter and a reversed osmosis (RO) unit. Furthermore, the make-up system consists of an ultraviolent (UV) TOC reduction unit and a ion-exchange resin unit. Following the water treatment process, the proposed system can provide high quality de-ionized water whose resistivity is better than 10 MΩ-cm at 25±0.1 degree C and dissolved oxygen is less than 10 ppb.

TUPS066

Design of Front End Safety Interlock System for Taiwan Photon Source

controls, photon, radiation, vacuum

1689

H.Y. Yan, J.-R. Chen, G.-Y. Hsiung, C.K. Kuan, I.C. Sheng, Z.-D. Tsai
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Safety interlock is one of critical subsystems in synchrotron radiation accelerator. A front end (FE) interlock prototype system has been designed, fabricated, and initially tested for Taiwan Photon Source (TPS). TPS FE interlock logic is designed based on that of Taiwan Light Source (TLS), and moderately modified due to the accelerator parameter discrepancy between TPS and TLS. The programmable automation controllers (PAC) have been utilized in FE safety interlock system for their reliability, convenience, processing capability, communication, and stability in user interface. In FE PAC system, touch panels are used as the graphical user interface (GUI) to control and monitor FE components. In addition, with GUI control it is used to beam position monitoring devices as well as confined beam sizes aperture for beam line users. The interlock design such as data acquisition and parameters monitoring for vacuum pressure, flow rate of cooling water, pressure of compressive air, chamber and water temperature, and overall interlock logic are also presented in this paper.

TUPS068

The GSI RF Maintenance & Diagnostics Project

LLRF, diagnostics, controls, cavity

1695

K.-P. Ningel, H. Klingbeil, B. Zipfel
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
A. Honarbacht, M. Proske
Ubisys Technologies GmbH, Düsseldorf, Germany
H. Veldman
LogiTrue, Polokwane, South Africa

From time-to-time, microcontroller- and FPGA-based LLRF electronics devices need maintenance of firmware and configuration data. The system described here allows this and also long term monitoring of functionality and performance. Both requirements cover measuring devices that operate under a common operating system as well as modules only addressable by means of GPIOs or their programming interface. For large accelerator systems like in the FAIR project, a Web-based remotely controlled system was designed in close collaboration with two industrial partners. To cover the requirements of the extremely different types of participating modules while remaining flexible for future extensions, the system was designed with a maximum of modularity and a strong focus on high reliability and safety. This contribution describes the global structure and the actual status of the RF Maintenance and Diagnostics System. Several types of measuring equipment and LLRF modules such as a phase control loop system and an IF signal pre-processing system have been integrated.

TUPS084

Development Status of PPS, MPS and TS for IFMIF/EVEDA Prototype Accelerator

controls, radiation, beam-losses, monitoring

1734

H. Takahashi, T. Kojima, T. Narita, K. Nishiyama, H. Sakaki, K. Tsutsumi
JAEA, Aomori, Japan

Control System for IFMIF/EVEDA* prototype accelerator consists of six subsystems; Central Control System (CCS), Local Area Network (LAN), Personnel Protection System (PPS), Machine Protection System (MPS), Timing System (TS) and Local Control System (LCS). The IFMIF/EVEDA prototype accelerator provides deuteron beam with the power more than 1 MW, which is as same as that in cases of J-PARC and SNS. Then, the PPS is required to protect technical and engineering staff against unnecessary exposure and the other danger phenomena. The MPS and the TS are strongly required a high performance and precision to avoid radio-activation of the accelerator components. To realize these requirements, the PPS designed that Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are used mainly, and a sequence is programmed for entering and leaving of controlled area and etc. Hardware and logic sequences for the MPS are designed to realize the beam inhibition time within 30 micro-seconds. The TS prototype modules were designed and tested using 10 MHz master clock and 100 Hz reference trigger. This article presents the PPS, MPS and TS design in details.
* International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility / Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activity

TUPS089

HI-13 Tandem Accelerator Radiation Protection System

radiation, controls, tandem-accelerator, monitoring

1749

X.F. Wang, Y.M. Hu
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

In HI-13 Tandem Accelerator laboratory, a new radiation protection system has been built Which composed of 7 protective door control units and 7 emergency alarms , 23 groups of indicators,17 groups of workshop-empty units , L.E and IMAG Faraday cups as well as computer control and display system . Pre-empty process is prerequisite before close the protective doors to ensure nobody be exposed on irradiation environment otherwise the door-open would be disabled. Even thought somebody left, pushing nearby alarm button and emergency door-open button will induce glittery signal and simultaneous door-openning. L.E and IMAG Faraday cups execute immediate beam interruption once accidence occured . The distributed indicators indicate real time status of all the work fields. All above devices and units are interlocked follow some complex but logical protective rules. Computer workstation is built and accordingly, after full information and operation action signals are collected and transferred, the software can complete full-sides status monitoring, provide convenient control and display interfaces as well as pop adequate prompt frames.

TUPS101

A Fast 650V Chopper Driver

controls, linac, impedance, kicker

1777

M.M. Paoluzzi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the framework of Linac4 and the Superconducting Proton Linac (SPL) studies at CERN, the design for a beam chopper has been carried out. The chopper is basically a kicker that deviates part of the beam towards a dump. It is made of two 50 Ω, slow wave lines facing each other, matching the beam velocity and driven with a minimum of 500 V. Due to the bunch spacing of 2.84 ns, a system rise and fall time (3 %-90 %) below 2.5 ns is required with pulse lengths ranging from 8 ns to hundreds of μs. Although different solutions for the driver amplifier where devised in the past, none of the achievements was entirely satisfactory. This paper describes a new design and prototype that meets all the required specifications.

TUPS102

Design of an FPGA-based Radiation Tolerant Agent for WorldFIP Fieldbus

radiation, controls, target, simulation

1780

G. Penacoba Fernandez, P. Alvarez, E. Gousiou, S.T. Page, J.P. Palluel, J. Serrano, E. Van der Bij
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN makes extensive use of the WorldFIP field-bus interface in the LHC and other accelerators in the pre-injectors chain. Following the decision of the provider of the components to stop the developments in this field and foreseeing the potential problems in the subsequent support, CERN decided to purchase the design information of these components and in-source the future developments using this technology. The first in-house design concerns a replacement for the MicroFIP chip whose last version was manufactured in an IC feature size found to be more vulnerable to radiation of high energy particles than the previous versions. NanoFIP is a CERN design based on a Flash FPGA implementing a subset of the functionality allowed by the communication standard, fitting the requirements of the different users and including the robustness against radiation as a design constraint. The development presented involved several groups at CERN working together in the framework of the Open Hardware Repository collaboration, and aiming at maximizing the interoperability and reliability of the final product.

WEIB03

Emerging New Electronics Standards for Physics

controls, instrumentation, monitoring, diagnostics

1981

R.S. Larsen
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by US Department of Energy Contract DE AC03 76SF00515.
A unique effort is underway between industry and the international physics community to extend the Telecom industry’s Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA and MicroTCA) to meet future needs of the physics machine and detector community. New standard extensions for physics are being designed to deliver unprecedented performance and high subsystem availability for accelerator controls, instrumentation and data acquisition. A key feature is a unique out-of-band imbedded standard Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) system to manage hot-swap module replacement and hardware-software failover. An additional goal is to achieve a much higher degree of interoperability of both lab and industry designed hardware-software products than past generations of standards. This presentation will describe status of the hardware-software standards extension plans; technology advantages for machine controls and data acquisition systems; and examples of collaborative efforts to help develop an industry base of generic ATCA and MicroTCA products in an open-source environment.

Slides WEIB03 [3.905 MB]

WEPC119

PYMAD – Integration of MADX in PYTHON

simulation, background, lattice, optics

2289

K. Fuchsberger, Y.I. Levinsen
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN is MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design), which is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. For detailed processing, analysis and plotting of MADX results, other programming languages are often used. One very popular scripting language is PYTHON, which is widely used in the physics community and provides powerful numerical libraries and plotting routines. Therefore, access to MADX models from PYTHON is a common demand. Currently, several possible concepts for the realization of such a project are evaluated, including direct access to MADX via CYTHON (C extension of PYTHON) or the re-usage of the existing JMAD Java libraries, benefiting from the already available model-definitions. A first prototype is already in use and the release as an open source project is in preparation. This paper presents the concepts and the current status of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC120

Status of JMAD, the JAVA-API for MADX

optics, controls, lattice, feedback

2292

K. Fuchsberger, X. Buffat, Y.I. Levinsen, G.J. Müller
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

MADX (Methodical Accelerator Design) is the de-facto standard software for modeling accelerator lattices at CERN. This feature-rich software package is implemented and still maintained in the programming languages C and FORTRAN. Nevertheless the controls environment of modern accelerators at CERN, e.g., of the LHC, is dominated by JAVA applications. A lot of these applications, for example, for lattice measurement and fitting, require a close interaction with the numerical models, which are all defined by the use of the proprietary MADX scripting language. To close this gap an API to MADX for the JAVA programming language (JMAD) was developed. JMAD was first presented to the public about one year ago. In the meantime, a number of improvements were done, and additional MADX features (e.g., tracking) were made available for JAVA applications. Additionally, the graphical user interface was improved, and the first release as open source software is in reach. This paper describes the current status and some new features of the project, as well as some usage examples.

WEPC143

First Operation of the SACLA Control System in SPring-8

controls, electron, laser, monitoring

2325

R. Tanaka, Y. Furukawa, T. Hirono, M. Ishii, M. Kago, A. Kiyomichi, T. Masuda, T. Matsumoto, T. Matsushita, T. Ohata, C. Saji, T. Sugimoto, M. Yamaga, A. Yamashita
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
T. Fukui, T. Hatsui, N. Hosoda, T. Ohshima, T. Otake, Y. Otake, H. Takebe
RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan
H. Maesaka
RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan

The control system design of the X-ray free electron laser facility (SACLA) in SPring-8 has started in 2006. Now, the facility has completed to start beam commissioning in February 2011. The electron beams were successfully accelerated up to 8 GeV and the first SASE X-ray was observed. The control system adopts the 3-tier standard model by using MADOCA framework developed in SPring-8. The upper control layer consists of Linux PCs for operator consoles, Sybase RDBMS for data logging and FC-based NAS for NFS. The lower layer consists of VMEbus systems with off-the-shelf I/O boards and specially developed boards for RF waveform processing with high precision. Solaris OS is adopted to operate VMEbus CPU. The PLC is used for slow control and connected to the VME systems via FL-net. The Device-net is adopted for frontend device control to reduce the number of signal cables. Some of VMEbus systems have a beam-synchronized data-taking system to meet 60Hz electron beam operation for the beam tuning diagnostics. The accelerator control system has gateways not only to monitor device status but also control the tuning points of the facility utility system, especially cooling water.

WEPC155

Fast Acquisition Multipurpose Controller with EPICS Integration and Data Logging

EPICS, controls, LLRF

2346

I. Arredondo, D. Belver, P. Echevarria, H. Hassanzadegan, M. del Campo
ESS-Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
V. Etxebarria, J. Jugo
University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bilbao, Spain
N. Garmendia, L. Muguira
ESS Bilbao, Bilbao, Spain

Funding: Funding Agency The present work is supported by the Basque Government and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.
This work introduces a fast acquisition multipurpose controller (MC), based on a XML configuration with EPICS integration and Data Logging. The main hardware is an FPGA based board, connected to a Host PC. This Host computer acts as the local controller and implements an IOC, integrating the device into an EPICS network. Java has been used as the main programming language in order to make the device fit the desired application. The whole process includes the use of different technologies: JNA to handle FPGA API, JavaIOC to integrate EPICS and XML w3c DOM classes to configure each particular application. Furthermore, a MySQL database is used for data storage, together with the deployment of an EPICS ArchiveEngine instance, offering the possibility to record data from both, the ArchiveEngine and a specifically designed Java library. The developed Java specific tools include different methods: FPGA management, creation and use of EPICS server, mathematical data processing, Archive Engine's MySQL database connection and creation/initialization of the application structure by means of an XML file. This MC has been used to implement a BPM and an LLRF applications for ESS-Bilbao.

WEPC159

A Python Tracking Code and GUI for Control Room Operations

controls, lattice, storage-ring, dipole

2358

M.T. Heron, J. Rowland
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Considerable use has been made in recent years of accelerator physics modelling and online tools under Matlab. These have demonstrated the benefits of operating in a rich integrated environment and further given good portability across projects and operating systems. As a possible alternative to Matlab, Diamond has been evaluating options based on Python. Python together with the Numpy libraries and Qt Graphics provides an environment which offers a lot of the functionality of Matlab. This paper presents these developments, which include a tracking code, symplectic integrator, twiss and response matrix together with a GUI interface.

WEPS095

Status of J-PARC Accelerator Facilities after the Great East Japan Earthquake

linac, vacuum, DTL, neutron

2727

K. Hasegawa, M. Kinsho, H. Oguri
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-Mura, Naka-Gun, Ibaraki-Ken, Japan
T. Koseki
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan

J-PARC was heavily affected by the March 11 Great East Japan Earthquake. When the earthquake struck, we had a beam study operation of the linac and the machine immediately stopped. Fortunately, we had no effects of tsunami that happened nearby and no one was injured. We can see subsidence at many places; about 1.5m over the wide area at the entrance of the linac building, about 50cm over the area of 1m x 10m at the main ring building, etc. Underground water is coming into the linac and the main ring tunnels. The water level at the linac reached a depth of 10 cm, but pumping with a diesel generator successfully saved from further flooding. At the RCS, the circulating road went wavy and the yard area for electricity and water devices was heavily distorted. Therefore, a high voltage power is not available on the date of abstract submission. We are investigating damages of each facility and also we are trying to estimate the beam restoration. The current status of the J-PARC accelerator facilities after the earthquake will be presented.

THOBB02

High Gradient Magnetic Alloy Cavities for J-PARC Upgrade

cavity, impedance, synchrotron, proton

2885

C. Ohmori, O. Araoka, E. Ezura, K. Hara, K. Hasegawa, A. Koda, Y. Makida, Y. Miyake, R. Muto, K. Nishiyama, T. Ogitsu, H. Ohhata, K. Shimomura, A. Takagi, K. Takata, K.H. Tanaka, M. Toda, M. Yoshii
KEK, Tokai, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Minamikawa
University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
M. Nomura, A. Schnase, T. Shimada, F. Tamura, M. Yamamoto
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan

Magnetic alloy cavities are used for both MR and RCS synchrotrons. Both cavity systems operate successfully and they generate a higher voltage than could be achieved by an ordinary ferrite cavity system. For the future upgrade of J-PARC, a higher RF voltage is needed. A new RF cavity system using the material, FT3L, is designed to achieve this higher field gradient. A large production system using an old cyclotron magnet was constructed to anneal 85-cm size FT3L cores in the J-PARC Hadron Experiment Hall. The muSR (Muon Spin Rotation/Relaxation/Resonance) Experiments were also carried out to study the magnetic alloy. The status of development on the J-PARC site and a new RF system design will be reported.

Slides THOBB02 [2.729 MB]

THPO005

A Dipole Power Supply Based on Multi-lever Inverter Technique

power-supply, controls, dipole, ion

3343

Y.X. Chen, D.Q. Gao, Y.Z. Huang, R.K. Wang, H.B. Yan
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

By applying multi-lever inverter technique to ion accelerator power supply, it can provide steady current in wide range, increase the power supply’s equivalent output frequency, then further promote power supply’s response capability and reduce the output ripple current. This article firstly by giving a detailed introduction of composite and basic working process of dipole power supply which also applied the technique mentioned above, interpret the working principle of multi-lever inverter, and illustrate its advantages. However, applying this technique will make controller more complicated, which need to be overcome by digital regulator technique. And meanwhile digital regulator technique can improve the power supply's performance. The second part of this article briefly introduces the overall scheme of digital regulator. And at last, this article illustrate the dipole power supply meet to design target and make some improvement by using the practical results to prove that applying multi-level inverter technique into accelerator power supply is practicable and beneficial.

THPO021

A New Control System for the ISIS Main Magnet Power Supply

controls, power-supply, target, synchrotron

3385

J. Ranner, T.E. Carter, S. West
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS pulsed neutron and muon source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in Oxfordshire is a world-leading centre for research in the physical and life sciences. At the heart of the ISIS accelerator is a proton synchrotron which uses a ring of dipole and quadrupole magnets connected in series and configured as a White Circuit*. The circuit allows the magnets to be fed with an AC current superimposed on a DC current. A recent upgrade to the main magnet power supply** involved the replacement of the original AC supply, a motor-alternator set, with a bank of four 300kVA UPS (uninterruptible power supplies) which had been modified to allow the output voltage to be varied using serial commands. However, when initially tested, this method was unable to produce the required stability in the main magnet current. This paper describes the further modifications to the UPS units to achieve the required stability and the development of a LabVIEW control system which manages the data acquisition and analysis, the communication to the UPS, interlock equipment and user interface, and provides a low latency control loop to the UPS and DC bias power supplies.
* M.G. White et al., “A 3-BeV High Intensity Proton Synchrotron”, CERN Symp.1956 Proc., p525.
** S. West, J.W. Gray, W.A. Morris, “Upgrade of the ISIS Main Magnet Power Supply”, EPAC 2004 p1467.

THPO033

Calculation of Metallization Resistivity and Thickness for MedAustron Kicker Systems

simulation, vacuum, kicker, proton

3412

M.J. Barnes
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
T. Kramer, T. Stadlbauer
EBG MedAustron, Wr. Neustadt, Austria

The MedAustron facility, to be built in Wiener Neustadt (Austria), will provide protons and ions for both cancer therapy and research. Different types of kicker magnets will be used in the facility. The kicker magnets are outside machine vacuum: each kicker magnet has a ceramic beam chamber whose inner surface is metallized. The resistivity and thickness of the metallization are chosen such that the induced eddy currents, resulting from the pulsed kicker magnetic field, do not unduly affect the rise/fall times or homogeneity of the magnetic field. A comparison of an analytical calculation and measurement is reported for the effect of metallization of the ceramic beam chamber of an existing kicker system at CERN. For a MedAustron kicker the result of an analytical calculation is compared with predictions from electromagnetic simulations: conclusions concerning the metallization of the ceramic beam chambers, for the MedAustron kicker magnets, are presented.

THPS065

Upgraded X-band 950 KeV Linac X-ray Source for On-site Inspection at Petrochemical Complex

linac, coupling, shielding, site

3574

M. Jin, K. Demachi, K. Dobashi, H.F. Jin, T. Natsui, M. Uesaka
The University of Tokyo, Nuclear Professional School, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
J. Kusano, N. Nakamura, M. Yamamoto
Accuthera Inc., Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
E. Tanabe
AET, Kawasaki-City, Japan

Abstract―Our portable X-band (9.3GHz) 950KeV linac has been successfully upgraded. The problems of RF power oscillation, beam current oscillation and reduction and finally lack of X-ray intensity were solved by replacing the axial coupling cavities with the side-coupled ones. Designed X-ray dose rate of 0.05 Sv/min@1m is going to be achieved. Length of the accelerating tube is reduced to less than 25 cm. X-ray source part with the local radiation shielding is connected by the flexible waveguide with the box of the 300 kW　magnetron and cooling unit. The total system consists of the three suit-case-size units, the last of which is one for the electric power supply. Even on-line dynamic transmission imaging is available by using the high intensity X-ray camera. Demonstration of the measurement of wall thinning of metal pipes with thick thermal shielding is under way. Updated measurement results will be presented. KEYWORDS: portable X-band linac X-ray source, on-site high energy X-ray inspection, petrochemical complex

THPS071

The HIMAC Beam-intensity Control System for Heavy-ion Scanning

controls, feedback, extraction, ion

3592

K. Mizushima
Chiba University, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan
T. Furukawa, Y. Iwata, K. Katagiri, K. Noda, S. Sato, T. Shirai
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
E. Takeshita
Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan

Raster scanning irradiation has been carried out at a HIMAC new treatment facility in NIRS. In order to reduce the difference between prescribed and delivered dose distribution, the accurate beam-intensity control with a low ripple and the fast beam-on/off switching are strongly required. For this purpose, we have developed a new beam-intensity control system using the RF-knockout slow extraction. To keep the beam rate constant, this system controls the transverse RF voltage with the feedback proportional-integral control. In addition, the beam-on/off response was improved by the fast quadrupole magnets and the implementation of the transverse beam preheating method. As a result of the system commissioning, it was verified that this system can modulate the beam-intensity with a low ripple and switch the beam-on/off with quick responses. We will report the result in detail.

FRYCA01

Towards a World Without Nuclear Weapons: How can Scientists Help?

target, controls, acceleration

3794

J. Duncan
UK Mission for Multilateral Arms Control & Disarmament, Cointrin, Geneva, Switzerland

The Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty could eventually result in a significant reduction - or even complete elimination - of nuclear weapons. Technologies from the accelerator field, such as transmutation of weapon-grade uranium and plutonium, alternative techniques for nuclear power generation, detection of fissile material and verification, will be very important for this effort. The present trend in modern diplomacy is to form unconventional alliances to make progress on challenging issues. Could an alliance between diplomats and scientists help to achieve the ultimate goal of reducing and eventually eliminating nuclear weapons?