IPAC2011 - List of Keywords (monitoring)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPC088	Bead-pull Measurement using Phase-Shift Technique in Multi-cell Elliptical Cavity	cavity, linac, vacuum, controls	280
	S. Ghosh, A. Mandal, S. Seth, S.S. Som DAE/VECC, Calcutta, India
	The project on the development of high-beta multi-cell elliptical shape superconducting rf linac cavity at around 704 MHz has been funded at VECC, Kolkata, India. A full-scale copper prototype cavity has been designed and fabricated. There are 5 distinct modes exist in the cavity and the accelerating mode is pi-mode in which each cell operates at same frequency with phase difference of 180 degrees between two neighboring cells. A fully automated bead-pull measurement setup has been developed for analyzing these modes and field profile distribution at different modes in such type of linac cavity. A special measurement method inside the cavity using phase-shift technique is proposed in this paper, which describes the development of mechanical setup comprising pulleys and stepper motor–gear arrangement, PC-based control system for precise movement of bead using stepper motor, measurement using VNA, development of software for data acquisition & automation and measurement results for the 5-cell copper prototype cavity.

MOPC108	Cornell SRF New Materials Program*	cavity, niobium, SRF, controls	328
	S. Posen, M. Liepe, Y. Xie CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by NSF Career award PHY-0841213, DOE award ER41628, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation The SRF group at Cornell has recently pioneered an extensive program to investigate alternative materials for superconducting cavities. We have developed facilities to fabricate Nb3Sn, a superconductor which will theoretically be able to reach more than twice the maximum accelerating field of Nb in a cavity under the same operating conditions. In addition, with the critical temperature of Nb3Sn being twice that of Nb, Nb3Sn would allow operation of SRF cavities with a much higher cryogenic efficiency. We have also manufactured two TE cavities that measure the RF properties of small, flat samples, ideal for material fabrication methods in development. This paper presents an overview of the materials research program. First results from tests of Nb3Sn samples are presented.

MOPZ024	Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment: Controls and Monitoring	EPICS, controls, emittance, target	856
	P.M. Hanlet IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA C.N. Booth Sheffield University, Sheffield, United Kingdom
	Funding: NSF PHY0842798 The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is a demonstration experiment to prove the viability of cooling a beam of muons for use in a Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider. The MICE cooling channel is a section of a modified Study II cooling channel which will provide a 10% reduction in beam emittance. In order to ensure a reliable measurement, we intend to measure the beam emittance before and after the cooling channel at the level of 1%, or an absolute measurement of 0.001. This renders MICE as a precision experiment which requires strict controls and monitoring of all experimental parameters in order to control systematic errors. The MICE Controls and Monitoring system is based on EPICS and integrates with the DAQ and Data monitoring systems. A description of this system, its implementation, and performance during recent muon beam data collection will be discussed. For the MICE collaboration.

TUPC027	CLIC Post-Collision Line Luminosity Monitoring	photon, luminosity, simulation, feedback	1057
	R. Appleby UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom A. Apyan, L.C. Deacon, E. Gschwendtner CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The CLIC post collision line is designed to transport the un-collided beams and the products of the collided beams with a total power of 14 MW to the main beam dump. Full Monte Carlo simulation has been done for the description of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) luminosity monitoring at the post collision line. One method of the luminosity diagnostic is based on the detection of high energy muons produced by the beamsstrahlung photons in the main beam dump. The disrupted beam and the beamsstrahlung photons produce at the order of 10⁶ muons per bunch crossing, with energies greater than 10 GeV. Currently threshold Cherenkov counters are considered after the beam dump for the detection of these high energy muons. A second method using the direct detection of the beamsstrahlung photons is also considered.

TUPC094	Development of High-speed Differential Current-transformer Monitor	electron, bunching, gun, status	1227
	S. Matsubara, H. Ego, K. Yanagida JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan A. Higashiya, S.I. Inoue, Y. Otake RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan H. Maesaka RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan
	The XFEL, which was named SACLA, was constructed in the SPring-8 site. In the SACLA, the bunch length of an electron beam is compressed from 1 ns to 30 fs, and the beam charge is decreased to obtain a genuine electron beam from 1nC to 0.3 nC for lasing. A new current-transformer (CT) monitor, which should measure the charge of the electron beam and make bunch length observation in velocity bunching process, was developed with two advantageous properties. One is differential output signal which suppresses common-mode noise from the thyratron of a klystron modulator by a factor of ten. Another property is high-speed signal output which provides a possibility to measure the bunch length and the time-of-flight (TOF) at the injector part of the SACLA. The output signal has 200 ps rise-time and a pulse width of 400 ps (FWHM) for an impulse beam. We successfully observed the bunch length between 1 ns and 400 ps around a 238 MHz buncher cavity. Moreover, we measured the TOF between two CTs with a few picoseconds resolution for a low-energy beam around 1 MeV. Thus, the new CT performance was confirmed to be sufficient for the SACLA.

TUPC116	Beam Diagnostics Global Data Warehouse Implementation and Application at SSRF*	diagnostics, EPICS, controls, feedback	1287
	Y.B. Leng, Z.C. Chen, Y.B. Yan, R.X. Yuan SSRF, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
	A fully functional beam diagnostics system has been developed at SSRF serving user operation and machine study since 2009. Global orbit disturbances, BPM failures and DCCT noise signal have been observed randomly. Without correct event trigger it is hard to capture real time data and analyze the cause of the above failures. A BI global data warehouse has been implemented as a solution to buffer online data and do correlation analyze at SSRF.

TUPC130	Beam Test Performance of the Beam Position Monitors for the TBL Line of the CTF3 at CERN	pick-up, quadrupole, linac, beam-transport	1326
	J.J. García-Garrigós, C. Blanch Gutierrez, J.V. Civera, A. Faus-Golfe IFIC, Valencia, Spain S. Döbert CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: Funding Agency: FPA2010-21456-C02-01 A series of Inductive Pick-Ups (IPU) for Beam Position Monitoring (BPM) with its associated electronics were designed, constructed and tested at IFIC. A full set of 16 BPMs, so called BPS units, were successfully installed in the Test Beam Line (TBL) of the CLIC Test Facility (CTF3) at CERN. In this paper we present the results of the beam test carried out on the BPS units of the TBL in order to determine their beam performances and check the specified operational requirements. We focus particularly on the position resolution parameter which is the BPS figure of merit according to TBL demands and is expected to reach the 5um resolution at maximum beam current (28A). The beam test results of the BPS units are also compared with the parameters from their previous characterization test at lab.

TUPC141	LHC Beam Loss Pattern Recognition	beam-losses, proton, resonance, collider	1353
	A. Marsili, E.B. Holzer, P.M. Puzo CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	One of the systems protecting CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the Beam Loss Monitoring system (BLM). More than 3600 monitors are installed around the ring. The beam losses are permanently integrated over 12 different time intervals (from 40 microseconds to 84 seconds). When any loss exceeds the thresholds defined for the integration window, the beam is removed from the machine. Understanding the origin of a beam loss is crucial for machine operation, as it can help to avoid a repeat of the same scenario. The signals read from given monitors can be considered as entries of a vector. This article presents how a loss map of unknown cause can be decomposed using vector based analysis derived from well-known loss scenarios. The algorithms achieving this decomposition are described, as well as the accuracy of the results.

TUPC145	Vibration and Beam Motion Monitoring in TLS	EPICS, controls, photon, brilliance	1365
	Y.K. Chen, J. Chen, P.C. Chiu, K.T. Hsu, K.H. Hu, C.H. Kuo NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Due to asynchronous nature of various vibration and beam motion related subsystems, it is hard to analysis the correlation between them. Therefore, the synchronous distributed data acquisition system is designed to make an improvement for better analysis. For different circumstances, the system supports two data flow: one is display the real-time data which could be archived continuously and the other is waveform which could be acquired on demand or triggered by event with high sampling rate. In addition, the viewer will improve some useful features, such as trigger by customize signal or EPICS PV record, automatic screenshot and plot the multiple history events. The preliminary test results and implementation details will be summarized in this report.

TUPC151	Cherenkov Fibre Optic Beam Loss Monitor at ALICE	beam-losses, photon, laser, electron	1383
	A. Intermite The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom A. Intermite, M. Putignano, A. Wolski Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	The need for real-time monitoring of beam losses, including evaluation of their intensity and the localization of their exact position, together with the possibility to overcome the limitations due to the reduced space for the diagnostics, makes optical fibres (using the Cherenkov Effect) one of the most suitable and explored candidate for beam loss monitoring. In this contribution, we report on an optical fibre beam loss monitor based on large numerical aperture pure silicon fibres and silicon photomultipliers, tested at ALICE, Daresbury Laboratories, UK. The original design of the sensor has the advantage to combine the functions of a real time detector and a transmission line. It also allows reading the signals independently and determining the time and position of the losses without the use of an external trigger.

TUPC152	Comparative Study of Performance of Silicon Photomultipliers for Use in Cherenkov Fibre Optic Beam Loss Monitors	photon, electron, beam-losses, lattice	1386
	A. Intermite The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom A. Intermite, M. Putignano, A. Wolski Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are semiconductor photo-sensitive devices built from a matrix of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) on a common silicon substrate, working in the limited Geiger mode and with a common readout. The fast counting ability, high timing resolution, immunity to magnetic field up to 15 T, low power consumption and relative small temperature dependence together with the small dimensions make SiPMs excellent candidates as commercially available solid state detectors, and a promising alternative to traditional photomultiplier tubes for single photon detection. Nevertheless, SiPMs do suffer from erroneous counting due to noise effects that can deteriorate their performances. These effects are, in general, heavily dependent on manufacturing quality. In this contribution, results are reported of the characterization of different models of SiPMs in terms of noise spectra and response to light, and a procedure for determining quality manufacturing parameters is described.

TUPC155	Optimisation of the LHC Beam Current Transformers for Accurate Luminosity Determination	luminosity, instrumentation, pick-up, synchrotron	1395
	J-J. Gras, D. Belohrad, M. Ludwig, P. Odier CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C. Barschel RWTH, Aachen, Germany
	During the 2010 and 2011 LHC runs a series of dedicated fills were used for luminosity calibration measurements at each of the LHC experiments. A major contribution to the final precision of these luminosity calibration campaigns originated from the absolute accuracy of the bunch current population estimation. The importance of these measurements for the LHC physics community triggered a large and fruitful collaboration between the CERN Beam Instrumentation Group and the LHC Experiments to push the LHC Beam Current Transformers performance to their limit. This paper will report on the available instruments for beam current measurements, the methodology used to improve them and the results obtained.

TUPS003	Upgrade of the ESRF RGA System	vacuum, controls, diagnostics, survey	1521
	A. Meunier, M. Hahn, I. Parat, J.L. Pons ESRF, Grenoble, France
	In the frame of the ESRF upgrade program, the Residual Gas Analyzer (RGA) system has been reviewed. A campaign of RGA refurbishment has been started recently giving more reliability and accuracy on partial pressure vacuum control. Based on new technologies and our operating experience, new RGA monitoring application and diagnostic tools have been developed. This paper outlines the evolution of the actual RGA system focusing on the controlled hardware installation description, on software and user interface developments. The continuous follow up of a defined number of partial pressure measurements using different dynamic control modes will be described.

TUPS017	The LHC Experimental Beam Pipe Neon Venting, Pumping and Conditioning	injection, vacuum, ion, shielding	1557
	V. Baglin, G. Bregliozzi, D. Calegari, J.M. Jimenez, G. Lanza, G. Schneider CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The experimental vacuum chambers of the four LHC experiments (ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE) are mechanically optimized in order to be transparent to particles. In order to grant their mechanical stability and to avoid any overstress, every time there was a request for detector opening or closing and for working in the vicinity of the vacuum chamber, the experimental beam vacuum chambers have been vented to atmospheric pressure. Since the LHC start up a safety procedure has been applied to mechanically secure the four experimental beam pipes during each long technical stop. Ultra-pure neon was used to preserve at best the NEG pumping efficiency. Up to now more than 15 neon injections and pump down have been performed without detecting any reduction of the NEG efficiency. This paper describes the Gas Injection System performances and the main points of the venting and pumping procedure. Details of the experimental beam pipe vacuum recovery and conditioning are presented for each of the four LHC experiments (ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE).

TUPS061	CERN Safety Alarm Monitoring	controls, site, fibre-optics, power-supply	1674
	H. Nissen, S. Grau CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The CERN Safety Alarm Monitoring system acquires safety alarms and safety information generated by CERN safety equipment such as fire and gas detectors, evacuation, emergency stops and other safety related systems, which are located in both surface and underground areas of CERN sites and accelerators. Currently there are 22170 alarms from 10²⁵ safety equipments. This information is transmitted in a high priority and diversely redundant way to the CERN Safety Control Room for immediate intervention of the CERN Fire Brigade. The system was designed based on two main standards, the EN 50136 and IEC 61508 and was commissioned in 2003. In 2009 it was decided to launch a consolidation project in order to upgrade both hardware and software. The consolidation project includes deployment of a private CERN wide fiber optic TCP/IP network for the transmission of safety alarms, an upgrade of the SCADA software, a database upgrade and the replacement of all computers. In this paper the system is presented, the ongoing consolidating work is detailed and the middle and long term improvement plans for the system are described.

TUPS084	Development Status of PPS, MPS and TS for IFMIF/EVEDA Prototype Accelerator	controls, radiation, status, beam-losses	1734
	H. Takahashi, T. Kojima, T. Narita, K. Nishiyama, H. Sakaki, K. Tsutsumi JAEA, Aomori, Japan
	Control System for IFMIF/EVEDA* prototype accelerator consists of six subsystems; Central Control System (CCS), Local Area Network (LAN), Personnel Protection System (PPS), Machine Protection System (MPS), Timing System (TS) and Local Control System (LCS). The IFMIF/EVEDA prototype accelerator provides deuteron beam with the power more than 1 MW, which is as same as that in cases of J-PARC and SNS. Then, the PPS is required to protect technical and engineering staff against unnecessary exposure and the other danger phenomena. The MPS and the TS are strongly required a high performance and precision to avoid radio-activation of the accelerator components. To realize these requirements, the PPS designed that Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are used mainly, and a sequence is programmed for entering and leaving of controlled area and etc. Hardware and logic sequences for the MPS are designed to realize the beam inhibition time within 30 micro-seconds. The TS prototype modules were designed and tested using 10 MHz master clock and 100 Hz reference trigger. This article presents the PPS, MPS and TS design in details. * International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility / Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activity

TUPS086	Ultra-high Resolution Observation Device for Carbon Stripper Foil	radiation, vacuum, scattering, proton	1740
	Y. Takeda, Y. Irie, I. Sugai KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	To observe a growth process of a pinhole on a HBC-foil due to beam irradiation, an up to 10 um of device for ultra-high resolution observation is needed. For the environment where we use the device for observation is so severe as under high radiation and in vacuum, there is no device available for long-time observation. Then, we designed and created a wholly new method based system which enables constant observation by ultra-high resolution even under high radiation environment. We attempted several experiments, compared materials usable under radiation environment, checked up various optical systems which enables high resolution, and finally developed the best method. As a result, we successfully invented an ultra-high resolution observation device available for monitoring an object about 8 meters distant by 8.3um resolution.

TUPS089	HI-13 Tandem Accelerator Radiation Protection System	radiation, controls, tandem-accelerator, status	1749
	X.F. Wang, Y.M. Hu CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	In HI-13 Tandem Accelerator laboratory, a new radiation protection system has been built Which composed of 7 protective door control units and 7 emergency alarms , 23 groups of indicators,17 groups of workshop-empty units , L.E and IMAG Faraday cups as well as computer control and display system . Pre-empty process is prerequisite before close the protective doors to ensure nobody be exposed on irradiation environment otherwise the door-open would be disabled. Even thought somebody left, pushing nearby alarm button and emergency door-open button will induce glittery signal and simultaneous door-openning. L.E and IMAG Faraday cups execute immediate beam interruption once accidence occured . The distributed indicators indicate real time status of all the work fields. All above devices and units are interlocked follow some complex but logical protective rules. Computer workstation is built and accordingly, after full information and operation action signals are collected and transferred, the software can complete full-sides status monitoring, provide convenient control and display interfaces as well as pop adequate prompt frames.

TUPZ020	Fill Analysis and Experimental Background Observations in the LHC	background, luminosity, vacuum, extraction	1846
	Y.I. Levinsen, H. Burkhardt, A. Macpherson, M. Pereira, S.X. Roe CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: Presenting author funded by the University of Oslo In this work we look at experimental background under different conditions for the early 2011 running. We will discuss the observations in the context of the residual gas pressure, beam halo, and cross-talk between experiments. We have developed a modular fill analysis tool which automatically extracts data and analyses each fill in the LHC. All generated and extracted information is stored for outside use. The tool is applied to aid us in the work presented here.

WEIB03	Emerging New Electronics Standards for Physics	controls, instrumentation, status, diagnostics	1981
	R.S. Larsen SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by US Department of Energy Contract DE AC03 76SF00515. A unique effort is underway between industry and the international physics community to extend the Telecom industry’s Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA and MicroTCA) to meet future needs of the physics machine and detector community. New standard extensions for physics are being designed to deliver unprecedented performance and high subsystem availability for accelerator controls, instrumentation and data acquisition. A key feature is a unique out-of-band imbedded standard Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) system to manage hot-swap module replacement and hardware-software failover. An additional goal is to achieve a much higher degree of interoperability of both lab and industry designed hardware-software products than past generations of standards. This presentation will describe status of the hardware-software standards extension plans; technology advantages for machine controls and data acquisition systems; and examples of collaborative efforts to help develop an industry base of generic ATCA and MicroTCA products in an open-source environment.
	Slides WEIB03 [3.905 MB]

WEPC143	First Operation of the SACLA Control System in SPring-8	controls, electron, laser, status	2325
	R. Tanaka, Y. Furukawa, T. Hirono, M. Ishii, M. Kago, A. Kiyomichi, T. Masuda, T. Matsumoto, T. Matsushita, T. Ohata, C. Saji, T. Sugimoto, M. Yamaga, A. Yamashita JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan T. Fukui, T. Hatsui, N. Hosoda, T. Ohshima, T. Otake, Y. Otake, H. Takebe RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan H. Maesaka RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan
	The control system design of the X-ray free electron laser facility (SACLA) in SPring-8 has started in 2006. Now, the facility has completed to start beam commissioning in February 2011. The electron beams were successfully accelerated up to 8 GeV and the first SASE X-ray was observed. The control system adopts the 3-tier standard model by using MADOCA framework developed in SPring-8. The upper control layer consists of Linux PCs for operator consoles, Sybase RDBMS for data logging and FC-based NAS for NFS. The lower layer consists of VMEbus systems with off-the-shelf I/O boards and specially developed boards for RF waveform processing with high precision. Solaris OS is adopted to operate VMEbus CPU. The PLC is used for slow control and connected to the VME systems via FL-net. The Device-net is adopted for frontend device control to reduce the number of signal cables. Some of VMEbus systems have a beam-synchronized data-taking system to meet 60Hz electron beam operation for the beam tuning diagnostics. The accelerator control system has gateways not only to monitor device status but also control the tuning points of the facility utility system, especially cooling water.

WEPC146	Design and Implementation of Distributed Control System for PEFP 100-MeV Proton Accelerator*	controls, EPICS, proton, vacuum	2334
	Y.-G. Song, Y.-S. Cho, J.-H. Jang, H.-J. Kwon KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work is supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Korean Government. The Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) has been developing the control system for 100-MeV proton accelerator. The PEFP control system should be designed to fit control conditions based on networked and distributed real-time system composed of several sub-systems such as machine control, diagnostic control, timing, and interlock. In order to implement the distributed control system, the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) has been chosen as the middleware of PEFP control system. The EPICS software provides a distributed architecture that supports a wide range of solution such as independent programming tool, operator interface tool, database and web-based archiving tools. In this paper, we will present the details of the design and implementation issues of the PEFP control system.

WEPC152	Android Based Mobile Monitoring System for EPICS Networks: Vacuum System Application*	controls, EPICS, vacuum, ion-source	2337
	I. Badillo, I. Arredondo, M. Eguiraun, J. Feuchtwanger, G. Harper ESS-Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain J. Jugo University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bilbao, Spain
	Funding: The present work is supported by the Basque Government and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation. When cabling is not really needed for performance reasons, wireless monitoring is a good choice for large scientific facilities like particle accelerators, due to the quick implementation. There are several wireless flavors: ZigBee, WiFi etc. depending on requirements of specific application. In this work, a wireless monitoring system for EPICS based on an Android device is presented. The task is to monitor the vacuum control system of ISHN project at ESSBilbao, where control system variables are acquired over the network and published in a mobile device. This allows the operator to check process variables everywhere the signal spreads. In this approach, a Python based server is continuously getting EPICS variables via CA protocol and sending them through a WiFi network using ICE middleware, a toolkit oriented to develop distributed applications. Finally, the mobile device reads and shows the data to the operator. The security of the communication is ensured by a limited WiFi signal spread, following the same idea as in NFC for larger distances. With this approach, local monitoring and control applications are easily implemented, useful in starting up and maintenance stages.

WEPC170	Handling of BLM Abort Thresholds in the LHC	beam-losses, injection, quadrupole, proton	2382
	E. Nebot Del Busto, B. Dehning, E.B. Holzer, S. Jackson, G. Kruk, M. Nemcic, A. Nordt, A. Orecka, C. Roderick, M. Sapinski, A. Skaugen, C. Zamantzas CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Beam Loss Monitoring system (BLM) for the LHC consists of about 3600 Ionization Chambers located around the ring. Its main purpose is to request a beam abort when the measured losses exceed a certain threshold. The BLM detectors integrate the measured signals in 12 different time intervals (running from 40 us to 83.8 s) enabling for a different set of abort thresholds depending on the duration of the beam loss. Furthermore, 32 energy levels running from 0 to 7 TeV account for the fact that the energy density of a particle shower increases with the energy of the primary particle, i.e. the beam energy. Thus, about 1.3·10⁶ thresholds must be handled and send to the appropriate processing modules for the system to function. These thresholds are highly critical for the safety of the machine and depend to a large part on human judgment, which cannot be replaced by automatic test procedures. The BLM team has defined well established procedures to compute, set and check new BLM thresholds, in order to avoid and/or find non-conformities due to manipulation. These procedures, as well as the tools developed to automate this process are described in detail in this document.

WEPC171	Requirements of a Beam Loss Monitoring System for the CLIC Two Beam Modules	photon, beam-losses, linac, simulation	2385
	S. Mallows The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom E.B. Holzer, A.P. Mechev, J.W. van Hoorne CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	he Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) study investigates the feasibility of a high-energy electron-positron linear collider optimized for a centre of mass energy of 3 TeV. To achieve the high accelerating gradients, the RF power is produced by a novel two-beam acceleration method in which a decelerating drive beam supplies energy to the main accelerating beam. The linacs are arranged in modular structures referred to as the two beam modules which cover 42 km of beamline. Beam losses from either beam can have severe consequences due to the high intensity drive beam and the high energy, small emittance main beam. This paper presents recent developments towards the design of a Cherenkov fiber BLM system and discusses its ability to distinguish losses originating from either beam.

WEPC172	Beam-induced Quench Test of a LHC Main Quadrupole	simulation, beam-losses, proton, quadrupole	2388
	A. Priebe, K. Dahlerup-Petersen, B. Dehning, E. Effinger, J. Emery, E.B. Holzer, C. Kurfuerst, E. Nebot Del Busto, A. Nordt, M. Sapinski, J. Steckert, A.P. Verweij, C. Zamantzas CERN, Geneva, Switzerland A. Priebe EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	Unexpected beam loss might lead to transition of a superconducting accelerator magnet to a normal conducting state. The LHC beam loss monitoring (BLM) system is designed to abort the beam before the energy deposited in the magnet coils reaches a quench-provoking level. In order to verify the threshold settings generated by simulation, a series of beam-induced quench tests at various beam energies have been performed. The beam losses are generated by means of an orbit bump peaked in one of the main quadrupole magnets. The analysis not only includes BLM data but also data from the electrical quench protection and cryogenic systems. The measurements are compared to Geant4 simulations of energy deposition inside the coils and corresponding BLM signal outside the cryostat. The results are also extrapolated to higher beam energies.

WEPC174	A Failure Catalogue for the LHC	extraction, vacuum, beam-losses, injection	2394
	S. Wagner, R. Schmidt, B. Todd, J.A. Uythoven, M. Zerlauth CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC, with a stored energy of more than 360 MJ per beam, requires a complex machine protection system to prevent equipment damage. The system was designed based on a large number of possible failures in the subsystems and operational phases of the LHC. This led to a mixed system with active and passive protection. The active part monitors many thousand parameters (such as beam losses, temperatures in superconducting magnets, power converter currents, etc.) and triggers a beam dump in case a failure is detected. The passive part includes protection elements like collimators and beam absorbers to ensure the prevention of damage in case of single turn beam losses (e.g. during beam transfer and injection). So far, the knowledge of the possible failures is distributed over the different teams involved in the design, construction and operation of the LHC. A newly started project aims at bringing together this knowledge in a common failure catalogue. The chosen approach in addition is expected to allow for the identification of failures that might not have been considered yet or that require further measures. This paper introduces the approach and presents the first experience.

WEPC176	Beam Loss Monitoring and Machine Protection System Design and Application for the ALICE Test Accelerator at Daresbury Laboratory	beam-losses, radiation, dipole, simulation	2400
	S.R. Buckley, J.-L. Fernández-Hernando STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	ALICE is a demonstrator accelerator system which has been designed and built at Daresbury Laboratory. The heart of this facility is an ERL accelerator and a powerful multi-terrawatt laser. It serves as an advanced test facility for novel accelerator and photon science applications. Beam loss monitoring and machine protection systems are vital areas for the successful operation of ALICE. These systems are required, both for efficient machine set up and for hardware protection during operation. This paper gives an overview of the system design, commissioning details and a summary of the systems’ effectiveness as a diagnostic tool.

THPC070	An Automated Statistical Analysis Package for the Study of Synchrotron Light Source Operation	cavity, storage-ring, beam-losses, synchrotron	3056
	C. Christou, C.P. Bailey, V.C. Kempson, V.J. Winter Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
	Machine faults and interruptions to user beam at Diamond Light Source are recorded in a Fault Log Database (FLDB) running under Microsoft Access. The scope of numerical analysis in Access is limited, and so an advanced data analysis package has been written in Matlab to exploit the powerful numeric functions available in this environment to automatically analyze machine faults and summarize data for reliability reports. Figures of merit such as mean time between failure (MTBF), mean time to repair (MTTR), total up time and total number of faults over the machine as a whole and by technical group can be calculated, and more advanced Pareto and Weibull analyses can be instantly generated. Data is presented for Diamond Light Source both for the latest year of operation and since user beam began in 2007, and the impact of different technical groups, in particular the storage ring RF, is considered. Failure distributions and the underlying hazard functions are produced and compared with statistical models to highlight deviations from randomly occurring events and to quantify changes in failure probability with time.

THPO019	TPS Fast Corrector Magnet Power Converter	feedback, power-supply, booster, controls	3379
	Y.D. Li, K.-B. Liu NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	With the increasing demand of the current output accuracy on the TPS(Taiwan Photon Source) project, the MCOR 30 correction power supplies used in current TLS ring are no longer sufficient to meet the TPS requirement. Therefore, power supply group developments a high-precision low output current power supply with a DCCT as an output current feedback component for correction magnets of the future TPS ring. During the research and development experiment phase, we found the DCCT is more possible damaged than the other components. With keeping the architecture of the high-precision low output current power supply, but the DCCT output current feedback component is replaced with a current sensing Shunt resistor. This paper will discuss the design methods of utilizing several different types current sensing Shunt resistor to reduce the cost of power supply and the probability of damage, and improve frequency response of power supply.

THPO023	Ageing of Airix Accelerating Units	controls, vacuum, pulsed-power, high-voltage	3391
	A. Georges, H. Dzitko, B. Gouin, M. Mouillet CEA, Arpajon, France
	Airix is a linear accelerator producing a 60ns, 2kA, 19MeV electron beam. It has been operated in a single shot mode by the “Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives” (CEA) for flash X-ray radiography purposes for 10 years. Its modular architecture increases the beam energy by quarter of a megavolt step: each cell delivers a 75ns impulsion of 250kV amplitude. Our aim is to guarantee a minimum lifetime for the cells and their pulse driver. To achieve it, we are operating a test-bed at a moderately low repetition rate (a couple of pulses per minute) for tens of thousands of pulses. Afterwards, we will run a series of both non-destructive and destructive analysis to identify the most stressed parts, and, if necessary, the means of increasing the cell lifetime. This paper describes the test-bed: a pair of cells and its driver, and the first results of these ageing tests.

THPO034	Optimization of a Dual One-turn Coils Kicker Magnet System	kicker, extraction, synchrotron, vacuum	3415
	K.L. Tsai, C.-T. Chen, C.-S. Fann, S.Y. Hsu, Y.D. Li, K.-K. Lin, K.-B. Liu, H.M. Shih, Y.S. Wong NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
	Optimization of a dual one-turn coils configuration for fast kicker magnet system is presented in this report. Emphasis has been made on the: 1) optimization of various possible coils arrangement restricted by the existing available hardware; and 2) synchronization between pulsed currents delivering on the respective upper and lower coils. In the consideration of coils arrangement, good field region is utilized as the guiding parameter while adjusting fixture gap between the coils. As for coil currents timing optimization, fast rise-time and pulse shape preservation are used for practical implementation purpose. Both numerical analysis and experimental data will be presented and discussed.

THPS069	Particle Beam Characteristics Verification for Patient Treatment at CNAO	synchrotron, controls, simulation, proton	3586
	M. Donetti, M. Ciocca, M.A. Garella, A. Mirandola, S. Molinelli, M. Pullia, G. Vilches Freixas CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy S. Giordanengo INFN-Torino, Torino, Italy M. Lavagno DE.TEC. TOR. S.r.l., Torino, Italy R. Sacchi Torino University, ., Torino, Italy
	At Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) in Pavia, Italy, a synchrotron has been designed to treat tumor with protons and ions delivered with a full active delivery system. Several pencil beams with appropriate energy are steered in sequence to the right positions inside the tumor volume covering it totally. Several beam characteristics have to be deeply known in order to be able to deliver a safe patient treatment. CNAO is now able to send beam in the treatment room and the Dose Delivery system is in the commissioning phase. Dose Delivery system, composed by beam monitoring and scanning magnets, manages the treatment with high precision in real time. The dose delivery system functions and components will be presented. Beam characteristic are studied by means of several detectors and verification systems in the treatment room to guarantee the quality of the treatment. Quality is checked in terms of pencil beam characteristics and characteristic of the overall dose in the treatment fields. The detector used and the results of the measurements will be shown.

THPS072	Commissioning of NIRS Fast Scanning System for Heavy-ion Therapy	target, controls, synchrotron, ion	3595
	T. Furukawa, T. Inaniwa, K. Katagiri, K. Mizushima, K. Noda, S. Sato, T. Shirai NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan E. Takeshita Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan
	The commissioning of NIRS fast scanning system was started in September 2010, when the first beam was successfully delivered from the HIMAC synchrotron to the new treatment room. After the fine tuning of the new transport line, the commissioning of the scanning system was carried out as following steps; 1) verification of the beam size, position and intensity stability; 2) verification of beam scanning performance and calibration; 3) verification of beam monitor performance; 4) dose measurement of pencil beams for the beam parameterization in the treatment planning system; and 5) verification of 3D dose conformation. As a result of the commissioning, we verified that the new scanning delivery system can produce an accurate 3D dose distribution for the target volume in combination with the planning software. We will report the commissioning results and the performance of the scanning system.

THPZ033	Operational Experience and Performance of the LHC Collimator Controls System	controls, collimation, collider, optics	3765
	S. Redaelli, A. Masi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In order to handle stored energies up to 360 MJ, the LHC relies on a collimation system that consists of 100 movable collimators. Compared to other accelerator, the complexity of this system is unique: more than 400 motors and about 600 interlocked position sensors must be controlled in all the machine phases in order to ensure the cleaning and machine protection roles of the system. In this paper, the controls system and the setting management are presented and the operational experience accumulated in the 2 first years of operation is discussed, focussing in particular on failure and availability statistics during the LHC operation.

Paper

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MOPC088

Bead-pull Measurement using Phase-Shift Technique in Multi-cell Elliptical Cavity

cavity, linac, vacuum, controls

280

S. Ghosh, A. Mandal, S. Seth, S.S. Som
DAE/VECC, Calcutta, India

The project on the development of high-beta multi-cell elliptical shape superconducting rf linac cavity at around 704 MHz has been funded at VECC, Kolkata, India. A full-scale copper prototype cavity has been designed and fabricated. There are 5 distinct modes exist in the cavity and the accelerating mode is pi-mode in which each cell operates at same frequency with phase difference of 180 degrees between two neighboring cells. A fully automated bead-pull measurement setup has been developed for analyzing these modes and field profile distribution at different modes in such type of linac cavity. A special measurement method inside the cavity using phase-shift technique is proposed in this paper, which describes the development of mechanical setup comprising pulleys and stepper motor–gear arrangement, PC-based control system for precise movement of bead using stepper motor, measurement using VNA, development of software for data acquisition & automation and measurement results for the 5-cell copper prototype cavity.

MOPC108

Cornell SRF New Materials Program*

cavity, niobium, SRF, controls

328

S. Posen, M. Liepe, Y. Xie
CLASSE, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by NSF Career award PHY-0841213, DOE award ER41628, and the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation
The SRF group at Cornell has recently pioneered an extensive program to investigate alternative materials for superconducting cavities. We have developed facilities to fabricate Nb3Sn, a superconductor which will theoretically be able to reach more than twice the maximum accelerating field of Nb in a cavity under the same operating conditions. In addition, with the critical temperature of Nb3Sn being twice that of Nb, Nb3Sn would allow operation of SRF cavities with a much higher cryogenic efficiency. We have also manufactured two TE cavities that measure the RF properties of small, flat samples, ideal for material fabrication methods in development. This paper presents an overview of the materials research program. First results from tests of Nb3Sn samples are presented.

MOPZ024

Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment: Controls and Monitoring

EPICS, controls, emittance, target

856

P.M. Hanlet
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
C.N. Booth
Sheffield University, Sheffield, United Kingdom

Funding: NSF PHY0842798
The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE) is a demonstration experiment to prove the viability of cooling a beam of muons for use in a Neutrino Factory and Muon Collider. The MICE cooling channel is a section of a modified Study II cooling channel which will provide a 10% reduction in beam emittance. In order to ensure a reliable measurement, we intend to measure the beam emittance before and after the cooling channel at the level of 1%, or an absolute measurement of 0.001. This renders MICE as a precision experiment which requires strict controls and monitoring of all experimental parameters in order to control systematic errors. The MICE Controls and Monitoring system is based on EPICS and integrates with the DAQ and Data monitoring systems. A description of this system, its implementation, and performance during recent muon beam data collection will be discussed.
For the MICE collaboration.

TUPC027

CLIC Post-Collision Line Luminosity Monitoring

photon, luminosity, simulation, feedback

1057

R. Appleby
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
A. Apyan, L.C. Deacon, E. Gschwendtner
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The CLIC post collision line is designed to transport the un-collided beams and the products of the collided beams with a total power of 14 MW to the main beam dump. Full Monte Carlo simulation has been done for the description of the Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) luminosity monitoring at the post collision line. One method of the luminosity diagnostic is based on the detection of high energy muons produced by the beamsstrahlung photons in the main beam dump. The disrupted beam and the beamsstrahlung photons produce at the order of 10⁶ muons per bunch crossing, with energies greater than 10 GeV. Currently threshold Cherenkov counters are considered after the beam dump for the detection of these high energy muons. A second method using the direct detection of the beamsstrahlung photons is also considered.

TUPC094

Development of High-speed Differential Current-transformer Monitor

electron, bunching, gun, status

1227

S. Matsubara, H. Ego, K. Yanagida
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
A. Higashiya, S.I. Inoue, Y. Otake
RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan
H. Maesaka
RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan

The XFEL, which was named SACLA, was constructed in the SPring-8 site. In the SACLA, the bunch length of an electron beam is compressed from 1 ns to 30 fs, and the beam charge is decreased to obtain a genuine electron beam from 1nC to 0.3 nC for lasing. A new current-transformer (CT) monitor, which should measure the charge of the electron beam and make bunch length observation in velocity bunching process, was developed with two advantageous properties. One is differential output signal which suppresses common-mode noise from the thyratron of a klystron modulator by a factor of ten. Another property is high-speed signal output which provides a possibility to measure the bunch length and the time-of-flight (TOF) at the injector part of the SACLA. The output signal has 200 ps rise-time and a pulse width of 400 ps (FWHM) for an impulse beam. We successfully observed the bunch length between 1 ns and 400 ps around a 238 MHz buncher cavity. Moreover, we measured the TOF between two CTs with a few picoseconds resolution for a low-energy beam around 1 MeV. Thus, the new CT performance was confirmed to be sufficient for the SACLA.

TUPC116

Beam Diagnostics Global Data Warehouse Implementation and Application at SSRF*

diagnostics, EPICS, controls, feedback

1287

Y.B. Leng, Z.C. Chen, Y.B. Yan, R.X. Yuan
SSRF, Shanghai, People's Republic of China

A fully functional beam diagnostics system has been developed at SSRF serving user operation and machine study since 2009. Global orbit disturbances, BPM failures and DCCT noise signal have been observed randomly. Without correct event trigger it is hard to capture real time data and analyze the cause of the above failures. A BI global data warehouse has been implemented as a solution to buffer online data and do correlation analyze at SSRF.

TUPC130

Beam Test Performance of the Beam Position Monitors for the TBL Line of the CTF3 at CERN

pick-up, quadrupole, linac, beam-transport

1326

J.J. García-Garrigós, C. Blanch Gutierrez, J.V. Civera, A. Faus-Golfe
IFIC, Valencia, Spain
S. Döbert
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Funding Agency: FPA2010-21456-C02-01
A series of Inductive Pick-Ups (IPU) for Beam Position Monitoring (BPM) with its associated electronics were designed, constructed and tested at IFIC. A full set of 16 BPMs, so called BPS units, were successfully installed in the Test Beam Line (TBL) of the CLIC Test Facility (CTF3) at CERN. In this paper we present the results of the beam test carried out on the BPS units of the TBL in order to determine their beam performances and check the specified operational requirements. We focus particularly on the position resolution parameter which is the BPS figure of merit according to TBL demands and is expected to reach the 5um resolution at maximum beam current (28A). The beam test results of the BPS units are also compared with the parameters from their previous characterization test at lab.

TUPC141

LHC Beam Loss Pattern Recognition

beam-losses, proton, resonance, collider

1353

A. Marsili, E.B. Holzer, P.M. Puzo
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

One of the systems protecting CERN's Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the Beam Loss Monitoring system (BLM). More than 3600 monitors are installed around the ring. The beam losses are permanently integrated over 12 different time intervals (from 40 microseconds to 84 seconds). When any loss exceeds the thresholds defined for the integration window, the beam is removed from the machine. Understanding the origin of a beam loss is crucial for machine operation, as it can help to avoid a repeat of the same scenario. The signals read from given monitors can be considered as entries of a vector. This article presents how a loss map of unknown cause can be decomposed using vector based analysis derived from well-known loss scenarios. The algorithms achieving this decomposition are described, as well as the accuracy of the results.

TUPC145

Vibration and Beam Motion Monitoring in TLS

EPICS, controls, photon, brilliance

1365

Y.K. Chen, J. Chen, P.C. Chiu, K.T. Hsu, K.H. Hu, C.H. Kuo
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Due to asynchronous nature of various vibration and beam motion related subsystems, it is hard to analysis the correlation between them. Therefore, the synchronous distributed data acquisition system is designed to make an improvement for better analysis. For different circumstances, the system supports two data flow: one is display the real-time data which could be archived continuously and the other is waveform which could be acquired on demand or triggered by event with high sampling rate. In addition, the viewer will improve some useful features, such as trigger by customize signal or EPICS PV record, automatic screenshot and plot the multiple history events. The preliminary test results and implementation details will be summarized in this report.

TUPC151

Cherenkov Fibre Optic Beam Loss Monitor at ALICE

beam-losses, photon, laser, electron

1383

A. Intermite
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A. Intermite, M. Putignano, A. Wolski
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

The need for real-time monitoring of beam losses, including evaluation of their intensity and the localization of their exact position, together with the possibility to overcome the limitations due to the reduced space for the diagnostics, makes optical fibres (using the Cherenkov Effect) one of the most suitable and explored candidate for beam loss monitoring. In this contribution, we report on an optical fibre beam loss monitor based on large numerical aperture pure silicon fibres and silicon photomultipliers, tested at ALICE, Daresbury Laboratories, UK. The original design of the sensor has the advantage to combine the functions of a real time detector and a transmission line. It also allows reading the signals independently and determining the time and position of the losses without the use of an external trigger.

TUPC152

Comparative Study of Performance of Silicon Photomultipliers for Use in Cherenkov Fibre Optic Beam Loss Monitors

photon, electron, beam-losses, lattice

1386

A. Intermite
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
A. Intermite, M. Putignano, A. Wolski
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Silicon Photomultipliers (SiPMs) are semiconductor photo-sensitive devices built from a matrix of Single Photon Avalanche Diodes (SPADs) on a common silicon substrate, working in the limited Geiger mode and with a common readout. The fast counting ability, high timing resolution, immunity to magnetic field up to 15 T, low power consumption and relative small temperature dependence together with the small dimensions make SiPMs excellent candidates as commercially available solid state detectors, and a promising alternative to traditional photomultiplier tubes for single photon detection. Nevertheless, SiPMs do suffer from erroneous counting due to noise effects that can deteriorate their performances. These effects are, in general, heavily dependent on manufacturing quality. In this contribution, results are reported of the characterization of different models of SiPMs in terms of noise spectra and response to light, and a procedure for determining quality manufacturing parameters is described.

TUPC155

Optimisation of the LHC Beam Current Transformers for Accurate Luminosity Determination

luminosity, instrumentation, pick-up, synchrotron

1395

J-J. Gras, D. Belohrad, M. Ludwig, P. Odier
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C. Barschel
RWTH, Aachen, Germany

During the 2010 and 2011 LHC runs a series of dedicated fills were used for luminosity calibration measurements at each of the LHC experiments. A major contribution to the final precision of these luminosity calibration campaigns originated from the absolute accuracy of the bunch current population estimation. The importance of these measurements for the LHC physics community triggered a large and fruitful collaboration between the CERN Beam Instrumentation Group and the LHC Experiments to push the LHC Beam Current Transformers performance to their limit. This paper will report on the available instruments for beam current measurements, the methodology used to improve them and the results obtained.

TUPS003

Upgrade of the ESRF RGA System

vacuum, controls, diagnostics, survey

1521

A. Meunier, M. Hahn, I. Parat, J.L. Pons
ESRF, Grenoble, France

In the frame of the ESRF upgrade program, the Residual Gas Analyzer (RGA) system has been reviewed. A campaign of RGA refurbishment has been started recently giving more reliability and accuracy on partial pressure vacuum control. Based on new technologies and our operating experience, new RGA monitoring application and diagnostic tools have been developed. This paper outlines the evolution of the actual RGA system focusing on the controlled hardware installation description, on software and user interface developments. The continuous follow up of a defined number of partial pressure measurements using different dynamic control modes will be described.

TUPS017

The LHC Experimental Beam Pipe Neon Venting, Pumping and Conditioning

injection, vacuum, ion, shielding

1557

V. Baglin, G. Bregliozzi, D. Calegari, J.M. Jimenez, G. Lanza, G. Schneider
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The experimental vacuum chambers of the four LHC experiments (ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE) are mechanically optimized in order to be transparent to particles. In order to grant their mechanical stability and to avoid any overstress, every time there was a request for detector opening or closing and for working in the vicinity of the vacuum chamber, the experimental beam vacuum chambers have been vented to atmospheric pressure. Since the LHC start up a safety procedure has been applied to mechanically secure the four experimental beam pipes during each long technical stop. Ultra-pure neon was used to preserve at best the NEG pumping efficiency. Up to now more than 15 neon injections and pump down have been performed without detecting any reduction of the NEG efficiency. This paper describes the Gas Injection System performances and the main points of the venting and pumping procedure. Details of the experimental beam pipe vacuum recovery and conditioning are presented for each of the four LHC experiments (ATLAS, CMS, LHCb and ALICE).

TUPS061

CERN Safety Alarm Monitoring

controls, site, fibre-optics, power-supply

1674

H. Nissen, S. Grau
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The CERN Safety Alarm Monitoring system acquires safety alarms and safety information generated by CERN safety equipment such as fire and gas detectors, evacuation, emergency stops and other safety related systems, which are located in both surface and underground areas of CERN sites and accelerators. Currently there are 22170 alarms from 10²⁵ safety equipments. This information is transmitted in a high priority and diversely redundant way to the CERN Safety Control Room for immediate intervention of the CERN Fire Brigade. The system was designed based on two main standards, the EN 50136 and IEC 61508 and was commissioned in 2003. In 2009 it was decided to launch a consolidation project in order to upgrade both hardware and software. The consolidation project includes deployment of a private CERN wide fiber optic TCP/IP network for the transmission of safety alarms, an upgrade of the SCADA software, a database upgrade and the replacement of all computers. In this paper the system is presented, the ongoing consolidating work is detailed and the middle and long term improvement plans for the system are described.

TUPS084

Development Status of PPS, MPS and TS for IFMIF/EVEDA Prototype Accelerator

controls, radiation, status, beam-losses

1734

H. Takahashi, T. Kojima, T. Narita, K. Nishiyama, H. Sakaki, K. Tsutsumi
JAEA, Aomori, Japan

Control System for IFMIF/EVEDA* prototype accelerator consists of six subsystems; Central Control System (CCS), Local Area Network (LAN), Personnel Protection System (PPS), Machine Protection System (MPS), Timing System (TS) and Local Control System (LCS). The IFMIF/EVEDA prototype accelerator provides deuteron beam with the power more than 1 MW, which is as same as that in cases of J-PARC and SNS. Then, the PPS is required to protect technical and engineering staff against unnecessary exposure and the other danger phenomena. The MPS and the TS are strongly required a high performance and precision to avoid radio-activation of the accelerator components. To realize these requirements, the PPS designed that Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) are used mainly, and a sequence is programmed for entering and leaving of controlled area and etc. Hardware and logic sequences for the MPS are designed to realize the beam inhibition time within 30 micro-seconds. The TS prototype modules were designed and tested using 10 MHz master clock and 100 Hz reference trigger. This article presents the PPS, MPS and TS design in details.
* International Fusion Material Irradiation Facility / Engineering Validation and Engineering Design Activity

TUPS086

Ultra-high Resolution Observation Device for Carbon Stripper Foil

radiation, vacuum, scattering, proton

1740

Y. Takeda, Y. Irie, I. Sugai
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

To observe a growth process of a pinhole on a HBC-foil due to beam irradiation, an up to 10 um of device for ultra-high resolution observation is needed. For the environment where we use the device for observation is so severe as under high radiation and in vacuum, there is no device available for long-time observation. Then, we designed and created a wholly new method based system which enables constant observation by ultra-high resolution even under high radiation environment. We attempted several experiments, compared materials usable under radiation environment, checked up various optical systems which enables high resolution, and finally developed the best method. As a result, we successfully invented an ultra-high resolution observation device available for monitoring an object about 8 meters distant by 8.3um resolution.

TUPS089

HI-13 Tandem Accelerator Radiation Protection System

radiation, controls, tandem-accelerator, status

1749

X.F. Wang, Y.M. Hu
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

In HI-13 Tandem Accelerator laboratory, a new radiation protection system has been built Which composed of 7 protective door control units and 7 emergency alarms , 23 groups of indicators,17 groups of workshop-empty units , L.E and IMAG Faraday cups as well as computer control and display system . Pre-empty process is prerequisite before close the protective doors to ensure nobody be exposed on irradiation environment otherwise the door-open would be disabled. Even thought somebody left, pushing nearby alarm button and emergency door-open button will induce glittery signal and simultaneous door-openning. L.E and IMAG Faraday cups execute immediate beam interruption once accidence occured . The distributed indicators indicate real time status of all the work fields. All above devices and units are interlocked follow some complex but logical protective rules. Computer workstation is built and accordingly, after full information and operation action signals are collected and transferred, the software can complete full-sides status monitoring, provide convenient control and display interfaces as well as pop adequate prompt frames.

TUPZ020

Fill Analysis and Experimental Background Observations in the LHC

background, luminosity, vacuum, extraction

1846

Y.I. Levinsen, H. Burkhardt, A. Macpherson, M. Pereira, S.X. Roe
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: Presenting author funded by the University of Oslo
In this work we look at experimental background under different conditions for the early 2011 running. We will discuss the observations in the context of the residual gas pressure, beam halo, and cross-talk between experiments. We have developed a modular fill analysis tool which automatically extracts data and analyses each fill in the LHC. All generated and extracted information is stored for outside use. The tool is applied to aid us in the work presented here.

WEIB03

Emerging New Electronics Standards for Physics

controls, instrumentation, status, diagnostics

1981

R.S. Larsen
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by US Department of Energy Contract DE AC03 76SF00515.
A unique effort is underway between industry and the international physics community to extend the Telecom industry’s Advanced Telecommunications Computing Architecture (ATCA and MicroTCA) to meet future needs of the physics machine and detector community. New standard extensions for physics are being designed to deliver unprecedented performance and high subsystem availability for accelerator controls, instrumentation and data acquisition. A key feature is a unique out-of-band imbedded standard Intelligent Platform Management Interface (IPMI) system to manage hot-swap module replacement and hardware-software failover. An additional goal is to achieve a much higher degree of interoperability of both lab and industry designed hardware-software products than past generations of standards. This presentation will describe status of the hardware-software standards extension plans; technology advantages for machine controls and data acquisition systems; and examples of collaborative efforts to help develop an industry base of generic ATCA and MicroTCA products in an open-source environment.

Slides WEIB03 [3.905 MB]

WEPC143

First Operation of the SACLA Control System in SPring-8

controls, electron, laser, status

2325

R. Tanaka, Y. Furukawa, T. Hirono, M. Ishii, M. Kago, A. Kiyomichi, T. Masuda, T. Matsumoto, T. Matsushita, T. Ohata, C. Saji, T. Sugimoto, M. Yamaga, A. Yamashita
JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo-ken, Japan
T. Fukui, T. Hatsui, N. Hosoda, T. Ohshima, T. Otake, Y. Otake, H. Takebe
RIKEN/SPring-8, Hyogo, Japan
H. Maesaka
RIKEN Spring-8 Harima, Hyogo, Japan

The control system design of the X-ray free electron laser facility (SACLA) in SPring-8 has started in 2006. Now, the facility has completed to start beam commissioning in February 2011. The electron beams were successfully accelerated up to 8 GeV and the first SASE X-ray was observed. The control system adopts the 3-tier standard model by using MADOCA framework developed in SPring-8. The upper control layer consists of Linux PCs for operator consoles, Sybase RDBMS for data logging and FC-based NAS for NFS. The lower layer consists of VMEbus systems with off-the-shelf I/O boards and specially developed boards for RF waveform processing with high precision. Solaris OS is adopted to operate VMEbus CPU. The PLC is used for slow control and connected to the VME systems via FL-net. The Device-net is adopted for frontend device control to reduce the number of signal cables. Some of VMEbus systems have a beam-synchronized data-taking system to meet 60Hz electron beam operation for the beam tuning diagnostics. The accelerator control system has gateways not only to monitor device status but also control the tuning points of the facility utility system, especially cooling water.

WEPC146

Design and Implementation of Distributed Control System for PEFP 100-MeV Proton Accelerator*

controls, EPICS, proton, vacuum

2334

Y.-G. Song, Y.-S. Cho, J.-H. Jang, H.-J. Kwon
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work is supported by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology of the Korean Government.
The Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) has been developing the control system for 100-MeV proton accelerator. The PEFP control system should be designed to fit control conditions based on networked and distributed real-time system composed of several sub-systems such as machine control, diagnostic control, timing, and interlock. In order to implement the distributed control system, the Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) has been chosen as the middleware of PEFP control system. The EPICS software provides a distributed architecture that supports a wide range of solution such as independent programming tool, operator interface tool, database and web-based archiving tools. In this paper, we will present the details of the design and implementation issues of the PEFP control system.

WEPC152

Android Based Mobile Monitoring System for EPICS Networks: Vacuum System Application*

controls, EPICS, vacuum, ion-source

2337

I. Badillo, I. Arredondo, M. Eguiraun, J. Feuchtwanger, G. Harper
ESS-Bilbao, Zamudio, Spain
J. Jugo
University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bilbao, Spain

Funding: The present work is supported by the Basque Government and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation.
When cabling is not really needed for performance reasons, wireless monitoring is a good choice for large scientific facilities like particle accelerators, due to the quick implementation. There are several wireless flavors: ZigBee, WiFi etc. depending on requirements of specific application. In this work, a wireless monitoring system for EPICS based on an Android device is presented. The task is to monitor the vacuum control system of ISHN project at ESSBilbao, where control system variables are acquired over the network and published in a mobile device. This allows the operator to check process variables everywhere the signal spreads. In this approach, a Python based server is continuously getting EPICS variables via CA protocol and sending them through a WiFi network using ICE middleware, a toolkit oriented to develop distributed applications. Finally, the mobile device reads and shows the data to the operator. The security of the communication is ensured by a limited WiFi signal spread, following the same idea as in NFC for larger distances. With this approach, local monitoring and control applications are easily implemented, useful in starting up and maintenance stages.

WEPC170

Handling of BLM Abort Thresholds in the LHC

beam-losses, injection, quadrupole, proton

2382

E. Nebot Del Busto, B. Dehning, E.B. Holzer, S. Jackson, G. Kruk, M. Nemcic, A. Nordt, A. Orecka, C. Roderick, M. Sapinski, A. Skaugen, C. Zamantzas
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Beam Loss Monitoring system (BLM) for the LHC consists of about 3600 Ionization Chambers located around the ring. Its main purpose is to request a beam abort when the measured losses exceed a certain threshold. The BLM detectors integrate the measured signals in 12 different time intervals (running from 40 us to 83.8 s) enabling for a different set of abort thresholds depending on the duration of the beam loss. Furthermore, 32 energy levels running from 0 to 7 TeV account for the fact that the energy density of a particle shower increases with the energy of the primary particle, i.e. the beam energy. Thus, about 1.3·10⁶ thresholds must be handled and send to the appropriate processing modules for the system to function. These thresholds are highly critical for the safety of the machine and depend to a large part on human judgment, which cannot be replaced by automatic test procedures. The BLM team has defined well established procedures to compute, set and check new BLM thresholds, in order to avoid and/or find non-conformities due to manipulation. These procedures, as well as the tools developed to automate this process are described in detail in this document.

WEPC171

Requirements of a Beam Loss Monitoring System for the CLIC Two Beam Modules

photon, beam-losses, linac, simulation

2385

S. Mallows
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
E.B. Holzer, A.P. Mechev, J.W. van Hoorne
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

he Compact Linear Collider (CLIC) study investigates the feasibility of a high-energy electron-positron linear collider optimized for a centre of mass energy of 3 TeV. To achieve the high accelerating gradients, the RF power is produced by a novel two-beam acceleration method in which a decelerating drive beam supplies energy to the main accelerating beam. The linacs are arranged in modular structures referred to as the two beam modules which cover 42 km of beamline. Beam losses from either beam can have severe consequences due to the high intensity drive beam and the high energy, small emittance main beam. This paper presents recent developments towards the design of a Cherenkov fiber BLM system and discusses its ability to distinguish losses originating from either beam.

WEPC172

Beam-induced Quench Test of a LHC Main Quadrupole

simulation, beam-losses, proton, quadrupole

2388

A. Priebe, K. Dahlerup-Petersen, B. Dehning, E. Effinger, J. Emery, E.B. Holzer, C. Kurfuerst, E. Nebot Del Busto, A. Nordt, M. Sapinski, J. Steckert, A.P. Verweij, C. Zamantzas
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
A. Priebe
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

Unexpected beam loss might lead to transition of a superconducting accelerator magnet to a normal conducting state. The LHC beam loss monitoring (BLM) system is designed to abort the beam before the energy deposited in the magnet coils reaches a quench-provoking level. In order to verify the threshold settings generated by simulation, a series of beam-induced quench tests at various beam energies have been performed. The beam losses are generated by means of an orbit bump peaked in one of the main quadrupole magnets. The analysis not only includes BLM data but also data from the electrical quench protection and cryogenic systems. The measurements are compared to Geant4 simulations of energy deposition inside the coils and corresponding BLM signal outside the cryostat. The results are also extrapolated to higher beam energies.

WEPC174

A Failure Catalogue for the LHC

extraction, vacuum, beam-losses, injection

2394

S. Wagner, R. Schmidt, B. Todd, J.A. Uythoven, M. Zerlauth
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC, with a stored energy of more than 360 MJ per beam, requires a complex machine protection system to prevent equipment damage. The system was designed based on a large number of possible failures in the subsystems and operational phases of the LHC. This led to a mixed system with active and passive protection. The active part monitors many thousand parameters (such as beam losses, temperatures in superconducting magnets, power converter currents, etc.) and triggers a beam dump in case a failure is detected. The passive part includes protection elements like collimators and beam absorbers to ensure the prevention of damage in case of single turn beam losses (e.g. during beam transfer and injection). So far, the knowledge of the possible failures is distributed over the different teams involved in the design, construction and operation of the LHC. A newly started project aims at bringing together this knowledge in a common failure catalogue. The chosen approach in addition is expected to allow for the identification of failures that might not have been considered yet or that require further measures. This paper introduces the approach and presents the first experience.

WEPC176

Beam Loss Monitoring and Machine Protection System Design and Application for the ALICE Test Accelerator at Daresbury Laboratory

beam-losses, radiation, dipole, simulation

2400

S.R. Buckley, J.-L. Fernández-Hernando
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

ALICE is a demonstrator accelerator system which has been designed and built at Daresbury Laboratory. The heart of this facility is an ERL accelerator and a powerful multi-terrawatt laser. It serves as an advanced test facility for novel accelerator and photon science applications. Beam loss monitoring and machine protection systems are vital areas for the successful operation of ALICE. These systems are required, both for efficient machine set up and for hardware protection during operation. This paper gives an overview of the system design, commissioning details and a summary of the systems’ effectiveness as a diagnostic tool.

THPC070

An Automated Statistical Analysis Package for the Study of Synchrotron Light Source Operation

cavity, storage-ring, beam-losses, synchrotron

3056

C. Christou, C.P. Bailey, V.C. Kempson, V.J. Winter
Diamond, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom

Machine faults and interruptions to user beam at Diamond Light Source are recorded in a Fault Log Database (FLDB) running under Microsoft Access. The scope of numerical analysis in Access is limited, and so an advanced data analysis package has been written in Matlab to exploit the powerful numeric functions available in this environment to automatically analyze machine faults and summarize data for reliability reports. Figures of merit such as mean time between failure (MTBF), mean time to repair (MTTR), total up time and total number of faults over the machine as a whole and by technical group can be calculated, and more advanced Pareto and Weibull analyses can be instantly generated. Data is presented for Diamond Light Source both for the latest year of operation and since user beam began in 2007, and the impact of different technical groups, in particular the storage ring RF, is considered. Failure distributions and the underlying hazard functions are produced and compared with statistical models to highlight deviations from randomly occurring events and to quantify changes in failure probability with time.

THPO019

TPS Fast Corrector Magnet Power Converter

feedback, power-supply, booster, controls

3379

Y.D. Li, K.-B. Liu
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

With the increasing demand of the current output accuracy on the TPS(Taiwan Photon Source) project, the MCOR 30 correction power supplies used in current TLS ring are no longer sufficient to meet the TPS requirement. Therefore, power supply group developments a high-precision low output current power supply with a DCCT as an output current feedback component for correction magnets of the future TPS ring. During the research and development experiment phase, we found the DCCT is more possible damaged than the other components. With keeping the architecture of the high-precision low output current power supply, but the DCCT output current feedback component is replaced with a current sensing Shunt resistor. This paper will discuss the design methods of utilizing several different types current sensing Shunt resistor to reduce the cost of power supply and the probability of damage, and improve frequency response of power supply.

THPO023

Ageing of Airix Accelerating Units

controls, vacuum, pulsed-power, high-voltage

3391

A. Georges, H. Dzitko, B. Gouin, M. Mouillet
CEA, Arpajon, France

Airix is a linear accelerator producing a 60ns, 2kA, 19MeV electron beam. It has been operated in a single shot mode by the “Commissariat à l’Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives” (CEA) for flash X-ray radiography purposes for 10 years. Its modular architecture increases the beam energy by quarter of a megavolt step: each cell delivers a 75ns impulsion of 250kV amplitude. Our aim is to guarantee a minimum lifetime for the cells and their pulse driver. To achieve it, we are operating a test-bed at a moderately low repetition rate (a couple of pulses per minute) for tens of thousands of pulses. Afterwards, we will run a series of both non-destructive and destructive analysis to identify the most stressed parts, and, if necessary, the means of increasing the cell lifetime. This paper describes the test-bed: a pair of cells and its driver, and the first results of these ageing tests.

THPO034

Optimization of a Dual One-turn Coils Kicker Magnet System

kicker, extraction, synchrotron, vacuum

3415

K.L. Tsai, C.-T. Chen, C.-S. Fann, S.Y. Hsu, Y.D. Li, K.-K. Lin, K.-B. Liu, H.M. Shih, Y.S. Wong
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan

Optimization of a dual one-turn coils configuration for fast kicker magnet system is presented in this report. Emphasis has been made on the: 1) optimization of various possible coils arrangement restricted by the existing available hardware; and 2) synchronization between pulsed currents delivering on the respective upper and lower coils. In the consideration of coils arrangement, good field region is utilized as the guiding parameter while adjusting fixture gap between the coils. As for coil currents timing optimization, fast rise-time and pulse shape preservation are used for practical implementation purpose. Both numerical analysis and experimental data will be presented and discussed.

THPS069

Particle Beam Characteristics Verification for Patient Treatment at CNAO

synchrotron, controls, simulation, proton

3586

M. Donetti, M. Ciocca, M.A. Garella, A. Mirandola, S. Molinelli, M. Pullia, G. Vilches Freixas
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
S. Giordanengo
INFN-Torino, Torino, Italy
M. Lavagno
DE.TEC. TOR. S.r.l., Torino, Italy
R. Sacchi
Torino University, ., Torino, Italy

At Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica (CNAO) in Pavia, Italy, a synchrotron has been designed to treat tumor with protons and ions delivered with a full active delivery system. Several pencil beams with appropriate energy are steered in sequence to the right positions inside the tumor volume covering it totally. Several beam characteristics have to be deeply known in order to be able to deliver a safe patient treatment. CNAO is now able to send beam in the treatment room and the Dose Delivery system is in the commissioning phase. Dose Delivery system, composed by beam monitoring and scanning magnets, manages the treatment with high precision in real time. The dose delivery system functions and components will be presented. Beam characteristic are studied by means of several detectors and verification systems in the treatment room to guarantee the quality of the treatment. Quality is checked in terms of pencil beam characteristics and characteristic of the overall dose in the treatment fields. The detector used and the results of the measurements will be shown.

THPS072

Commissioning of NIRS Fast Scanning System for Heavy-ion Therapy

target, controls, synchrotron, ion

3595

T. Furukawa, T. Inaniwa, K. Katagiri, K. Mizushima, K. Noda, S. Sato, T. Shirai
NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
E. Takeshita
Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan

The commissioning of NIRS fast scanning system was started in September 2010, when the first beam was successfully delivered from the HIMAC synchrotron to the new treatment room. After the fine tuning of the new transport line, the commissioning of the scanning system was carried out as following steps; 1) verification of the beam size, position and intensity stability; 2) verification of beam scanning performance and calibration; 3) verification of beam monitor performance; 4) dose measurement of pencil beams for the beam parameterization in the treatment planning system; and 5) verification of 3D dose conformation. As a result of the commissioning, we verified that the new scanning delivery system can produce an accurate 3D dose distribution for the target volume in combination with the planning software. We will report the commissioning results and the performance of the scanning system.

THPZ033

Operational Experience and Performance of the LHC Collimator Controls System

controls, collimation, collider, optics

3765

S. Redaelli, A. Masi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In order to handle stored energies up to 360 MJ, the LHC relies on a collimation system that consists of 100 movable collimators. Compared to other accelerator, the complexity of this system is unique: more than 400 motors and about 600 interlocked position sensors must be controlled in all the machine phases in order to ensure the cleaning and machine protection roles of the system. In this paper, the controls system and the setting management are presented and the operational experience accumulated in the 2 first years of operation is discussed, focussing in particular on failure and availability statistics during the LHC operation.