CYCLOTRONS2022 - List of Keywords (acceleration)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOAI02	Upgrade and Current Status of High-Frequency Systems for RIKEN Ring Cyclotron	cyclotron, cavity, operation, heavy-ion	6
	K. Yamada RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
	The high-frequency systems for the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC) was upgraded in order to increase the acceleration voltage at 18.25 MHz operation by remodeling its cavity resonators and rf controllers. As a result, the maximum gap voltage at 18.25 MHz improved from about 80 kV to more than 150 kV. The beam intensity of 238U for the RI Beam Factory was increased up to 117 pnA in the fiscal 2020 by overcoming the beam intensity limitation of RRC due to the space charge effect. In this talk, I will present the details of upgrade as well as the current status of high-frequency systems for the RRC.
	Slides MOAI02 [7.420 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOAI02
About •	Received ※ 27 January 2023 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 30 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 13 February 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUAI01	Cyclotron Beam Extraction by Acceleration	cyclotron, extraction, proton, cavity	110
	C. Baumgarten PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	One of the decisive issues in the design and operation of cyclotrons is the choice of the beam extraction method. Typical methods are extraction by electrostatic extractors and by stripping. The former method requires DC high voltage electrodes which are notorious for high-voltage breakdowns. The latter method requires beams of atomic or molecular ions which are notorious for rest gas and Lorentz stripping. We discuss the conditions to be met such that a charged particle beam will leave the magnetic field of an isochronous cyclotron purely by fast acceleration.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-TUAI01
About •	Received ※ 05 December 2022 — Revised ※ 09 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 16 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPO003	Beam Dynamics in a New 230 MeV Cyclotron	cyclotron, extraction, cavity, proton	208
	O. Karamyshev JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	A new cyclotron for proton therapy concept is a compact, but non-superconducting accelerator, that is simple, but cheap. Proposed concept uses 4 sectors with double spiral design and 4 RF cavities operating at harmonic 8, making the central region and extraction a challenging task that needs to be carefully simulated. High injection and extraction efficiency is presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEPO003
About •	Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 16 April 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPO004	High Power Center Region with Internal Ion Source	cyclotron, ion-source, simulation, focusing	211
	O. Karamyshev JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Cyclotrons for medical isotope production require high beam current. Author propose the design of central region with internal ion source at 6.6 kV potential placed in the center of cyclotoron and delivering the beam to every RF cavity symmetrically.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEPO004
About •	Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 18 April 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THAI02	Stripping Extraction and Lorentz Dissociation	extraction, experiment, cyclotron, proton	252
	H.W. Koay TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	Stripping extraction of hydrogen molecular ions has gained interest in the cyclotron industry due to its high extraction efficiency. However, the magnetic field could result in undesired dissociation of the hydrogen anion/molecular ions during acceleration. This work summarizes and compares the Lorentz dissociation of several types of hydrogen ions, as well as other important aspects that are crucial when deciding the best candidate for stripping extraction in a cyclotron.
	Slides THAI02 [1.633 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THAI02
About •	Received ※ 01 June 2023 — Revised ※ 05 July 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 17 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THBO01	A New Concept Of Cyclotrons for Medical Applications	cyclotron, proton, extraction, ion-source	274
	O. Karamyshev JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Demand for cyclotrons for medical applications is growing rapidly. Cyclotrons delivering proton beams from 15 MeV up to 230 MeV are being used for isotopes production and proton therapy. Author proposes a con-cept that allows to significantly reduce cost of cyclotrons by making them more compact and power efficient without using superconducting coil. In the proposed design ratio between azimuthal length of sectors and valleys is over 3 to 1, with RF system operating at high frequency and acceleration at harmonic mode of 2 times the number of sectors. Compact size is achieved not by increasing the magnet field level, but by reducing the coil and RF system dimension. Cyclotrons will have 4 sectors and 4 rf cavities operating at harmonic 8 with 1.55 T mean field and accelerating frequency 180 MHz.
	Slides THBO01 [2.914 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THBO01
About •	Received ※ 07 December 2022 — Revised ※ 17 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 31 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 19 February 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THBO06	The Design of the Center Region of MSC230 Cyclotron	cyclotron, focusing, proton, radiation	285
	V. Malinin, O. Karamyshev, I.D. Lyapin, D. Popov JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia T.V. Karamysheva Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia T.V. Karamysheva, A.A. Sinitsa JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	MSC230 is an innovative efficient medical super-conducting cyclotron for the study and investigation of the conventional proton and FLASH therapy, devel-oped by JINR for its new biomedical research center. The machine has an internal injection system provided by a PIG ion source and, for better efficiency, 4 RF dees connected in the center. Despite these re-strictions, it is possible to create a center region design which allows initial acceleration with minimal losses sufficient for the FLASH therapy. The design and its features presented in this talk.
	Slides THBO06 [2.456 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THBO06
About •	Received ※ 01 January 2023 — Revised ※ 24 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 31 January 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPO001	COLUMBUS - A Small Cyclotron for School and Teaching Purposes	cyclotron, vacuum, experiment, simulation	288
	C.R. Wolf, M. Prechtl HS Coburg, Coburg, Germany
	In the early 2012 the project "COLUMBUS a small Cyclotron for School- and Teaching Purposes" started. Supported by the FZ Jülich and some German companies a small cyclotron was built at the University of Applied Sciences of Coburg, Germany. After the first beam was detected in 2014, the cyclotron was continuously improved and expanded. At the same time, an educational concept was developed that is based on the studies and curricula in Germany. Since then, the workshops and internships, which are the two columns of the concept, have enjoyed increasing popu-larity among students and, fortunately, among female students as well. Furthermore, future improvements of the accelerator and the educational concept are presented.
	Poster THPO001 [2.651 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO001
About •	Received ※ 30 November 2022 — Revised ※ 11 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 31 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 01 April 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPO016	Design and Analysis of the 230 MeV Cyclotron Magnet for the Proton Therapy System	cyclotron, proton, focusing, permanent-magnet	342
	X.H. Zhang CGN, Mianyang City, People’s Republic of China
	This paper introduces the design and analysis of 230 MeV cyclotron magnet of the proton therapy system. The magnet is an important part of the 230 MeV cyclotron, which can supply proton beam for the therapy terminal. The magnetic field calculation and modification has been done, and the isochronous error of the magnetic field is less than 0.2%. Meanwhile, the thermal analysis of the coil has been calculated by the empirical formula.
	Poster THPO016 [0.591 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO016
About •	Received ※ 02 February 2023 — Revised ※ 07 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 23 March 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOAI02

Upgrade and Current Status of High-Frequency Systems for RIKEN Ring Cyclotron

cyclotron, cavity, operation, heavy-ion

6

K. Yamada
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan

The high-frequency systems for the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron (RRC) was upgraded in order to increase the acceleration voltage at 18.25 MHz operation by remodeling its cavity resonators and rf controllers. As a result, the maximum gap voltage at 18.25 MHz improved from about 80 kV to more than 150 kV. The beam intensity of 238U for the RI Beam Factory was increased up to 117 pnA in the fiscal 2020 by overcoming the beam intensity limitation of RRC due to the space charge effect. In this talk, I will present the details of upgrade as well as the current status of high-frequency systems for the RRC.

Slides MOAI02 [7.420 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOAI02

About •

Received ※ 27 January 2023 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 30 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 13 February 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUAI01

Cyclotron Beam Extraction by Acceleration

cyclotron, extraction, proton, cavity

110

C. Baumgarten
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

One of the decisive issues in the design and operation of cyclotrons is the choice of the beam extraction method. Typical methods are extraction by electrostatic extractors and by stripping. The former method requires DC high voltage electrodes which are notorious for high-voltage breakdowns. The latter method requires beams of atomic or molecular ions which are notorious for rest gas and Lorentz stripping. We discuss the conditions to be met such that a charged particle beam will leave the magnetic field of an isochronous cyclotron purely by fast acceleration.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-TUAI01

About •

Received ※ 05 December 2022 — Revised ※ 09 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 16 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPO003

Beam Dynamics in a New 230 MeV Cyclotron

cyclotron, extraction, cavity, proton

208

O. Karamyshev
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

A new cyclotron for proton therapy concept is a compact, but non-superconducting accelerator, that is simple, but cheap. Proposed concept uses 4 sectors with double spiral design and 4 RF cavities operating at harmonic 8, making the central region and extraction a challenging task that needs to be carefully simulated. High injection and extraction efficiency is presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEPO003

About •

Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 16 April 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPO004

High Power Center Region with Internal Ion Source

cyclotron, ion-source, simulation, focusing

211

O. Karamyshev
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Cyclotrons for medical isotope production require high beam current. Author propose the design of central region with internal ion source at 6.6 kV potential placed in the center of cyclotoron and delivering the beam to every RF cavity symmetrically.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-WEPO004

About •

Received ※ 06 December 2022 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 18 April 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THAI02

Stripping Extraction and Lorentz Dissociation

extraction, experiment, cyclotron, proton

252

H.W. Koay
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Stripping extraction of hydrogen molecular ions has gained interest in the cyclotron industry due to its high extraction efficiency. However, the magnetic field could result in undesired dissociation of the hydrogen anion/molecular ions during acceleration. This work summarizes and compares the Lorentz dissociation of several types of hydrogen ions, as well as other important aspects that are crucial when deciding the best candidate for stripping extraction in a cyclotron.

Slides THAI02 [1.633 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THAI02

About •

Received ※ 01 June 2023 — Revised ※ 05 July 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 17 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THBO01

A New Concept Of Cyclotrons for Medical Applications

cyclotron, proton, extraction, ion-source

274

O. Karamyshev
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Demand for cyclotrons for medical applications is growing rapidly. Cyclotrons delivering proton beams from 15 MeV up to 230 MeV are being used for isotopes production and proton therapy. Author proposes a con-cept that allows to significantly reduce cost of cyclotrons by making them more compact and power efficient without using superconducting coil. In the proposed design ratio between azimuthal length of sectors and valleys is over 3 to 1, with RF system operating at high frequency and acceleration at harmonic mode of 2 times the number of sectors. Compact size is achieved not by increasing the magnet field level, but by reducing the coil and RF system dimension. Cyclotrons will have 4 sectors and 4 rf cavities operating at harmonic 8 with 1.55 T mean field and accelerating frequency 180 MHz.

Slides THBO01 [2.914 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THBO01

About •

Received ※ 07 December 2022 — Revised ※ 17 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 31 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 19 February 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THBO06

The Design of the Center Region of MSC230 Cyclotron

cyclotron, focusing, proton, radiation

285

V. Malinin, O. Karamyshev, I.D. Lyapin, D. Popov
JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
T.V. Karamysheva
Federal Research Center "Computer Science and Control", Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
T.V. Karamysheva, A.A. Sinitsa
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

MSC230 is an innovative efficient medical super-conducting cyclotron for the study and investigation of the conventional proton and FLASH therapy, devel-oped by JINR for its new biomedical research center. The machine has an internal injection system provided by a PIG ion source and, for better efficiency, 4 RF dees connected in the center. Despite these re-strictions, it is possible to create a center region design which allows initial acceleration with minimal losses sufficient for the FLASH therapy. The design and its features presented in this talk.

Slides THBO06 [2.456 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THBO06

About •

Received ※ 01 January 2023 — Revised ※ 24 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 31 January 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPO001

COLUMBUS - A Small Cyclotron for School and Teaching Purposes

cyclotron, vacuum, experiment, simulation

288

C.R. Wolf, M. Prechtl
HS Coburg, Coburg, Germany

In the early 2012 the project "COLUMBUS a small Cyclotron for School- and Teaching Purposes" started. Supported by the FZ Jülich and some German companies a small cyclotron was built at the University of Applied Sciences of Coburg, Germany. After the first beam was detected in 2014, the cyclotron was continuously improved and expanded. At the same time, an educational concept was developed that is based on the studies and curricula in Germany. Since then, the workshops and internships, which are the two columns of the concept, have enjoyed increasing popu-larity among students and, fortunately, among female students as well. Furthermore, future improvements of the accelerator and the educational concept are presented.

Poster THPO001 [2.651 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO001

About •

Received ※ 30 November 2022 — Revised ※ 11 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 31 January 2023 — Issue date ※ 01 April 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPO016

Design and Analysis of the 230 MeV Cyclotron Magnet for the Proton Therapy System

cyclotron, proton, focusing, permanent-magnet

342

X.H. Zhang
CGN, Mianyang City, People’s Republic of China

This paper introduces the design and analysis of 230 MeV cyclotron magnet of the proton therapy system. The magnet is an important part of the 230 MeV cyclotron, which can supply proton beam for the therapy terminal. The magnetic field calculation and modification has been done, and the isochronous error of the magnetic field is less than 0.2%. Meanwhile, the thermal analysis of the coil has been calculated by the empirical formula.

Poster THPO016 [0.591 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-THPO016

About •

Received ※ 02 February 2023 — Revised ※ 07 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 28 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 23 March 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)