Keyword: neutron
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MOPGW046 Proton Beam Steering for the Experimental Muon Source at CSNS proton, solenoid, target, extraction 193
 
  • Y.K. Chen, H.T. Jing
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • C. Meng, Y.P. Song, J.Y. Tang, G. Zhao
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Experimental Muon Source (EMuS) is a muon source to be built at China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). The EMuS baseline design adopts a stand-alone target sitting in capture superconducting solenoids, and the muon beam is extracted in the forward direction. In the same time the spent protons are also extracted from the target station and guided to an external. Because there is an angle of 15 degrees between the axis of solenoids and the proton direction, the protons will be deviated by the solenoid field. A pair of correction magnets in front of the solenoids is used to align the incoming proton beam to the target and also guide the spent protons to the beam dump. As the target station is design to work at different field level, this increases the complexity of the proton beam transport.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPGW046  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPRB004 The European Spallation Source Neutrino Super Beam Design Study proton, linac, target, detector 582
 
  • M. Dracos, E. Bouquerel
    IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
  • G. Fanourakis
    Institute of Nuclear and Particle Physics, Attiki, Greece
  • G. Gokbulut, A. Kayis Topaksu
    Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey
  
  Funding: This project is supported by the COST Action CA15139 EuroNuNet. It has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 777419.
The discovery of oscillations and the latest progress in neutrino physics will make possible to observe for the first time a possible CP violation at the level of leptons. This will help to understand the disappearance of antimatter in the Universe. The ESSnuSB* project proposes to use the proton linac of the ESS currently under construction to produce a very intense neutrino Super Beam, in parallel with the spallation neutron production. The ESS linac is expected to deliver 5 MW average power, 2 GeV proton beam, with a rate of 14 Hz and pulse duration of 2.86 ms. By doubling the pulse rate, 5 MW power more can be provided for the production of the neutrino beam. In order to shorten the proton pulse duration to few μs requested by the neutrino facility, an accumulation ring is needed, imposing the use and acceleration of H− instead of protons in the linac. The neutrino facility also needs a separate target station with a different design than the one of the neutron facility. On top of the target, a hadron magnetic collecting device is needed in order to focus the emerging hadrons from the target and obtain an intense neutrino beam directed towards the neutrino detector.
A Very Intense Neutrino Super Beam Experiment for Leptonic CP Violation Discovery based on the European Spallation Source Linac, Nuclear Physics B, Vol 885, Aug 2014, 127-149, arXiv:1309.7022. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPRB004  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPRB028 Application of WCM in Beam Commissioning of RCS in CSNS proton, bunching, MMI, target 636
 
  • M.T. Li, F. Li
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.W. An, S.Y. Xu, T.G. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Wall Current Monitor (WCM) is the only beam instru-ment in RCS of CSNS. It is utilized to derive many kinds of physics parameters during beam commissioning. The longitudinal phase distribution of the bunch over the boosting time is deduced for our future analyzation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPRB028  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPRB029 Longitudinal Tomography for Analysing the Longitudinal Phase Space Distribution in RCS of CSNS MMI, synchrotron, FEL, proton 639
 
  • M.T. Li
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.W. An, S.Y. Xu, T.G. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  It is proved that in the beam commissioning of the RCS of CSNS, the longitudinal optimization is vital for the promotion of the beam power. The WCM is the only beam instrument for the measurement of the longitudinal parameters. It is important for us to deduce the longitudi-nal phase space distribution, using the WCM data. The longitudinal tomography is applied, and some satisfying results have been obtained.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPRB029  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPRB045 Future High Power Proton Drivers for Neutrino Beams linac, proton, operation, factory 662
 
  • D.C. Plostinar, M. Eshraqi, B. Gålnander
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • V.A. Lebedev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
  • C.R. Prior
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • Y. Sato
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  • J.Y. Tang
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: ESSnuSB has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 7774.
Over the last two decades, significant efforts were made through several international studies to identify and develop technical solutions for potential Neutrino Factories and Superbeam Facilities. With many questions now settled, as well as clearer R&D needs, various proposals are being made for future facilities in China, Europe, Japan and North America. These include both developing and adapting existing machines as well as green-field solutions. In this paper, we review all the major accelerator programmes aimed at delivering high-power proton beams for neutrino physics. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPRB045  
About • paper received ※ 22 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPTS005 Status of the SPIRAL2 Project linac, experiment, MMI, proton 844
 
  • P. Dolegieviez, R. Ferdinand, X. Ledoux, H. Savajols, F. Varenne
    GANIL, Caen, France
  
  The SPIRAL2 facility at GANIL will use a high-power p, d and heavy-ion superconducting linac for a wide range of applications including RIB production using both ISOL and in-flight techniques. The SPIRAL2 phase 1 deals with the high-power superconducting linac with two experimental areas called ’Neutrons for Science’ (NFS) and ’Super Separator Spectrometer’ (S3). The low energy experimental hall DESIR, under construction, will further increase the possibility for physics experiments. All the linac is installed, the commissioning of the injec-tor part (two sources and the A/Q = 3 RFQ) and two cool down of the entire superconducting linac have been suc-cessfully done. We are now in the linac beam commis-sioning phase. The project scope and parameters, the constraints linked to the safety rules, the accelerator, NFS, S3 and DESIR status and the planning will be pre-sented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPTS005  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPTS027 Conceptual Design of the Proton LINAC for the High Brilliance Neutron Source HBS linac, rfq, cavity, proton 910
 
  • H. Podlech, M. Droba, K. Kümpel, S. Lamprecht, O. Meusel, N.F. Petry, P.P. Schneider, M. Schwarz
    IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
  • J. Baggemann, Th. Brückel, T. Cronert, P.-E. Doege, T. Gutberlet, E. Mauerhofer, U. Rücker, P. Zakalek
    JCNS, Jülich, Germany
  • S. Böhm
    NET, Aachen, Germany
  • J. Li
    IEK, Jülich, Germany
  • C. Zhang
    GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  Due to the decommissioning of several research reactors there will be a severe drop in available neutrons for research in Europe in the next decade despite the commissioning of the European Spallation Source (ESS). Compact accelerator-based neutron sources (CANS) could close this gap. The High Brilliance Neutron Source (HBS) currently under development at Forschungszentrum Jülich is scalable in terms of beam energy and power due to its modular design. The driver Linac for HBS at will accelerate a 100 mA proton beam to 70 MeV. The Linac is operated with a beam duty cycle of up to 6% (11% RF duty cycle) and can simultaneously deliver three proton pulse lengths (384 Hz@52 mu-s, 96 Hz@208 mu-s and 24 Hz@832 mu-s) for three neutron production targets. In order to minimize the development effort and the technological risk, state-of-the-art technology of the MYRRHA injector is used. The front end of the HBS Linac consists of an ECR source, LEBT and a 2.5 MeV RFQ followed by a CH-DTL with 35 room temperature CH-cavities. All RF structures are operated at 176.1 MHz and are designed for high duty cycle. Solid-state amplifiers up to 500 kW are used as RF drivers. Due to the beam current and the high average beam power of up to 420 kW, particular attention is paid to beam dynamics. In order to minimize losses, a quasi-periodic lattice with constant negative phase is used. The contribution describes the conceptual design and the challenges of such a modern high power proton accelerator with high reliability and availability.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPTS027  
About • paper received ※ 07 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPTS030 Characterisation and First Beam Line Tests of the Elbe Stripline Kicker kicker, laser, septum, simulation 918
 
  • Ch. Schneider, A. Arnold, M. Freitag, J. Hauser, P. Michel
    HZDR, Dresden, Germany
  
  The linac based CW electron accelerator ELBE operates different secondary beamlines one at a time. For the future different end stations should be served simultaneously, hence specific bunch patterns have to be kicked into different beam-lines. The variability of the bunch pattern and the frequency resp. switching time are one of the main arguments for a stripline-kicker. A design with two tapered active electrodes and two ground fenders was optimized in time and frequency domain with the software package CST. From that a design has been transferred into a construction and was manufactured. The prototype has been tested in the laboratory and installed in the ELBE beam line. The presentation summarises the recent results and the first beam line test.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPTS030  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPTS047 Radiation Measurement in the 1st Beam Commissioning Campaign of the LIPAc RFQ rfq, proton, radiation, MMI 964
 
  • K. Kondo, S. Kwon, K. Sakamoto, T. Shinya, M. Sugimoto
    QST, Aomori, Japan
  • L. Bellan, F. Grespan, F. Scantamburlo
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • P. Cara
    IFMIF/EVEDA, Rokkasho, Japan
  • H. Dzitko
    F4E, Germany
  • R. Heidinger
    Fusion for Energy, Garching, Germany
  • I. Podadera
    CIEMAT, Madrid, Spain
  
  The 1st proton beam acceleration of the Linear IFMIF Prototype Accelerator (LIPAc) through its novel RFQ was succeeded on 13th June 2018. Addition to plenty of beam diagnostics equipped in the beam line, we prepared some radiation detectors placed around the accelerator in order to acquire supplemental information of the beam, as an indirect measurement. In the first day of the beam injec-tion to the RFQ, the gamma-rays corresponding to certain excited states of Al of the low power beam dump were successfully detected by a LaBr3(Ce) scintillation detec-tor. Some neutrons, which would originate from the inter-action of protons with Cu somewhere, were also ob-served. These results proved that the beam was certainly accelerated up to about 2.5 MeV, and provided us a defin-itive confidence that the RFQ was working appropriately from the very beginning of the commissioning. Also, the comparison of the radiation yields with the RFQ trans-mission provided additional information on the beam energy distribution.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPTS047  
About • paper received ※ 23 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPTS056 Optimization of SC Cavity Type for CSNS Linac Upgrade cavity, linac, operation, acceleration 987
 
  • Y. Wang, M.X. Fan, A.H. Li, B. Li, P.H. Qu
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • J.P. Dai, H.C. Liu, P. Sha
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • X.L. Wu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  In order to increase CSNS beam power from 100kW to 500kW, the Linac injection energy need to be increased from 80MeV to 300MeV. The combined layout of superconducting spoke cavities and elliptical cavities will be adopted to accelerate H− beam to 300MeV. Two operation frequency of spoke cavities were compared with single and double spoke structure, a compact 648MHz βg=0.4 single spoke cavity was proposed, and the RF performance was presented, as well as the MP behavior.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPTS056  
About • paper received ※ 09 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPTS082 Status of ESS Linac Upgrade Studies for ESSnuSB linac, ion-source, proton, extraction 1038
 
  • B. Gålnander, M. Eshraqi, C.A. Martins, R. Miyamoto
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  • M. Collins
    Lund Technical University, Lund, Sweden
  • A. Farricker
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  Funding: ESSnuSB has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 777419.
The European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, is the world’s most powerful neutron spallation source, with an average power of 5 MW at 2.0 GeV. In the ESS neutrino Super Beam Project (ESSnuSB) it is proposed to utilise this powerful accelerator as a proton driver for a neutrino beam that will be sent to a large underground Cherenkov detector in Garpenberg, mid-Sweden. In this paper we discuss the required modifications of the ESS linac to reach an additional 5 MW beam power for neutrino production in parallel to the spallation neutron production. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPTS082  
About • paper received ※ 17 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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MOPTS118 3D Electromagnetic/PIC Simulations for a Novel RFQ/RFI Linac Design rfq, linac, simulation, operation 1158
 
  • S.J. Smith, S. Biedron, A.M.N. Elfrgani, E. Schamiloglu, S.I. Sosa Guitron
    University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, USA
  • P.G. Bethoney, M.S. Curtin, B. Hartman, T. Pressnall, D.A. Swenson
    Ion Linac Systems, Inc., Albuquerque, USA
  • T.B. Bolin
    Element Aero, Chicago, USA
  • J.R. Cary, D.M. Cheatham
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  
  Funding: This work was supported by Ion Linac Systems, Albuquerque, NM.
Using the commercial software VSim 9, a highly parallelized particle-in-cell/finite difference time-domain modeling code, the performance of an existing novel RFQ/RFI linac structure designed by Ion Linac Systems is evaluated. This effort is aimed towards having an up to date full 3D start-to-end simulation of the accelerator system, which does not exist currently. The structure used is an efficient 200-MHz, 2.5-MeV, CW-RFQ/RFI proton linac. The methods employed in VSim for modelling and parameter setup are presented, along with the simulation procedures for both the Electromagnetic and PIC solver. The important figures of merit for the structure are given including the Q-factor, field distributions, shunt impedance, and important beam properties. These are then contrasted with the initial design values and analytical calculations. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-MOPTS118  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPMP012 Power Converters for the ESS Warm Magnets: Procurement Status linac, dipole, status, quadrupole 1251
 
  • R. Visintini, M. Cautero, T.N. Gucin
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • C.A. Martins
    ESS, Lund, Sweden
  
  In the frame of the Italian In-Kind collaboration for the construction of the European Spallation Source (ESS), Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste research center is in charge, among all, of the provision of the power converters for the warm magnets of the superconducting part of the linear accelerator and of the proton beam transport line. The procurement process is running for all types of power converters. The first components have been delivered to ESS already in March 2018, while the Dipole and Quadrupole power converters are under construction. The first batches have been factory tested and shipped to Lund. The corrector power converters have been manufactured and are currently tested and calibrated at Elettra before their delivery to ESS.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPMP012  
About • paper received ※ 09 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPMP033 Design of the Neutron Imaging Differential Pumping Line at LLNL target, vacuum, shielding, simulation 1312
 
  • J.A. Caggiano, D. Castronovo, P. Fitsos, D.J. Gibson, J. Hall, M.S. Johnson, R.A. Marsh, B. Rusnak
    LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
  
  Funding: This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
The neutron imaging system at LLNL is a radiographic capability for imaging objects with fast, quasi-monoenergetic neutrons at ≤1mm spatial resolution. The neutron production source is a deuteron beam (4 or 7 MeV) incident upon a rotating, high-pressure, windowless, pure-deuterium gas target. The windowless nature of the target combined with the high pressure leads to significant gas leakage upstream of the neutron production target. This leakage degrades the imaging quality by (1) increasing the depth-of-field blurring and (2) increasing the beam diameter and divergence in the transverse direction via angular straggling in the residual gas. To mitigate these effects, and guided by bench tests and simulations, we designed a differential pumping line (DPL) to ensure the highest quality imaging system. The system consists of three primary stages (chambers), each separated by carefully shaped apertures. These apertures can be long and thin with low-angle tapers due to the high quality of the beam optics (convergence at the target < 5mrad) and low emittance of the beam (~5 pi mm-mrad). The primary cascaded roots pumps are sized to remove >99% of the incoming mass flow in each stage, ensuring that by the third stage furthest from the target, turbomolecular pumps are able to operate in a nominal ~mTorr range. We anticipate full system testing with helium in mid 2019. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPMP033  
About • paper received ※ 30 April 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPMP056 LANSCE Vacuum System Improvements in the Last ~10 Years vacuum, operation, linac, status 1375
 
  • T. Tajima, J.E. Bernal, M.J. Borden, J.P. Chamberlin, F.A. Martinez, J.F. O’Hara, A. Poudel, K.A. Stephens
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  
  Funding: DOE/NNSA
The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) accelerator started its operation in 1972. To mitigate the vulnerability due to old equipment and to restore the 120 Hz operation capability we lost a while ago, we have gone through a refurbishment / risk mitigation project since 2007. This paper summarizes the improvements in the vacuum systems in the last ~10 years and shows some data on the downtimes caused by vacuum failures. The refurbished equipment is significantly more maintainable and will contribute to extend the life of this old accelerator, but it has been a challenge to reduce the downtime. Some examples that caused a long downtime will be described. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPMP056  
About • paper received ※ 24 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPTS009 Operating the SNS RF H− Ion Source with a 10% Duty Factor ion-source, plasma, electron, LEBT 1951
 
  • M.P. Stockli, M.E. Clemmer, S.M. Cousineau, B. Han, T.A. Justice, Y.W. Kang, S.N. Murray, T.R. Pennisi, C. Piller, R.F. Welton
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  • I.N. Draganic, R.W. Garnett, D. Kleinjan, G. Rouleau
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
  • V.G. Dudnikov
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  • C. Stinson
    ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  Funding: This work was performed at Oak Ridge National Laboratory under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 and at Los Alamos National Laboratory under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396 for the U.S. Department of Energy.
The SNS (Spallation Neutron Source) (radio-frequency) RF-driven, H− ion source injects ~50 mA of H− beam into the SNS accelerator at 60 Hz with a 6% duty factor. It injects up to 7 A·hrs of H− ions during its ~14-week service cycles, which is an unprecedented lifetime for small-emittance, high-current pulsed H− ion sources. The SNS source also features unprecedented low cesium consumption and can be installed and started up in <10 h. Presently, the LANSCE (Los Alamos Neutron Science CEnter) accelerator complex in Los Alamos is fed by a filament-driven, biased converter-type H− source that operates with a high plasma duty factor of 10%. It needs to be replaced every 4 weeks with a ~4 day startup phase. The measured negative beam current of 16-18 mA falls below the desired 21 mA acceptance of LANSCE’s accelerator especially since the beam contains several mA of electrons. LANSCE and SNS are exploring the possibility of using the SNS RF H− source at LANSCE to increase the H− beam current and the ion source lifetime while decreasing the startup time. For this purpose, the SNS H− source has been tested at a 10% duty factor by operating it at 120 Hz with 840 µs plasma pulses generated with ~30 kW of 2 MHz RF power, and extracting ~25 mA around-the-clock for 28 days. This, and additional tests and other considerations are discussed in this paper. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPTS009  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPTS032 Radiation Design of New 30 kW Beam Dump of J-PARC Main Ring vacuum, proton, radiation, site 2005
 
  • M.J. Shirakata, H. Kuboki, J. Takano
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  The J-PARC Main Ring (MR) has a beam dump for the beam study and beam abort. Its present capacity is 7.5 kW in one hour average which is limited by radiation condition for the environments. The number of protons in one MR cycle is 2.6·10+14 in recent days, which corresponds to the beam power of 500 kW. As the top energy of J-PARC MR is 30 GeV, the number of available beam shots is restricted to less than twenty in one hour with such an intense beam. It imposes a big limitation on high power beam tuning and study. The number of protons is expected to become 3.3·10+14 for MW operation. Hence, an upgrade of the beam dump from 7.5 kW to 30 kW is planned. The radiation dose rate should be less than 0.25μSv/h on the ground. The backscattered neutron flux should be examined in the accelerator tunnel. The new dump design on radiation matters is described in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPTS032  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPTS048 Preliminary Study on the Injection System Upgrade for CSNS-II injection, simulation, linac, power-supply 2037
 
  • S. Wang, M.Y. Huang, S.Y. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. U1832210)
The first phase of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS-I) had completed the national acceptance in August, 2018. The physics design of the second phase (CSNS-II) has already begun. The CSNS-II accelerator upgrade contains three main components, including the Linac energy upgrade from 80 MeV to 300 MeV, injection system upgrade, and new Magnetic Alloy dual-harmonic cavity. In this paper, a preliminary study on the injection system upgrade had been done. A preliminary upgrade scheme for the injection system would be given. Furthermore, some preliminary simulation and calculation for the upgrade injection system had been carried out. The analysis results showed that most injection parameters can preliminarily meet the requirements of accelerator power upgrade. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPTS048  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPTS068 Progress on Design Studies for the ISIS II Upgrade lattice, proton, synchrotron, injection 2075
 
  • J.-B. Lagrange, D.J. Adams, C. Brown, H.V. Cavanagh, I.S.K. Gardner, P.T. Griffin-Hicks, B. Jones, D.J. Kelliher, A.P. Letchford, S. Machida, B.G. Pine, C.R. Prior, C.T. Rogers, J.W.G. Thomason, C.M. Warsop, R.E. Williamson
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • J. Pasternak, J.K. Pozimski
    STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  • J. Pasternak, J.K. Pozimski
    Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
  • G.H. Rees
    STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  
  ISIS, the spallation neutron source at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory in the UK, uses a 50 Hz, 800 MeV proton RCS to provide a beam power of 0.2 MW, delivered in 0.4 us long pulses. Detailed studies are now under way for a major upgrade. Accelerator designs using FFAs, conventional accumulator and synchrotron rings are being considered for the required MW beam power. This paper summarises the scope of the different research incorporating results from recent target studies and user consultations. Preliminary results for Fixed Field Alternating gradient (FFA) rings and conventional rings located in the existing ISIS synchrotron hall are presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPTS068  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPTS096 Fluid Models of Inductively Coupled Plasma Sources for Negative Hydrogen Ion Sources plasma, electron, ion-source, simulation 2147
 
  • S.A. Veitzer, P. Stoltz
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado, USA
  
  Funding: This work was performed under the auspices of the Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Award #DE-SC0009585.
Negative hydrogen ion sources are widely used to produce neutron beams via spallation both for neutron science in its own right, and as neutron sources for fusion devices. Numerical modeling is a useful tool for trying to optimize negative hydrogen ion sources. However there are significant numerical and computational challenges that have to be overcome, including code performance and resolution of separation of time scales between ion and electron motions. One method is to utilize fluid models to simulate inductively coupled ion sources (ICPs). We have been developing algorithms to simulate negative hydrogen production in high-power, external-antenna ICP sources. We present simulation results using the USim*,** framework to model plasma chemistry that produces negative hydrogen, and model the effects of electron temperature on overall production rates. The numerical plasma chemistry models include processes of ionization, dissociation, recombination, as well as reactive dissociation of vibrationally resolved states and de-excitation of atomic hydrogen. We benchmark our plasma chemistry model results using plasma parameters relevant to experiments being carried out at the D-Pace Ion Source Test Facility. We have also been developing fluid-based drift/diffusion models for multi-component plasmas, such as those in negative hydrogen sources. These simulation results demonstrate enhancement of the effective diffusion rates in plasmas that contain both electrons and negative ions.
* J. Loverich and A. Hakim, J. Fusion Sci., 29(6), 2010.
** J. Loverich et al., AIAA, Vol. 4012, 2011.
 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPTS096  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPTS115 The Progress in Physical Start-Up of the NSC KIPT Subcritical Neutron Source Facility Driven by an Electron Linear Accelerator target, electron, detector, vacuum 2197
 
  • P. Gladkikh, O.V. Bykhun, I.M. Karnaukhov, A. Mytsykov, V. Stomin, I. Ushakov, A.Y. Zelinsky
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
  
  National Science Center ’Kharkov Institute of Physics &Technology’ (NSC KIPT), Kharkov, Ukraine and Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Chicago, USA are jointly constructing and commissioning the Ukraine Neutron Source facility. The facility consists of a subcritical assembly driven by a 100MeV/100kW electron linear accelerator. The electron beam will be used for generating the neutrons for operating the subcritical assembly using tungsten or natural uranium target. The facility is planned to support the Ukraine nuclear industry, and provide a capability for performing reactor physics, material research, and basic science experiments, to produce medical isotopes, train young nuclear professionals. The integrating facility tests were completed at the end of 2018, and physical start-up operation began in 2019. The facility commissioning and current start-up results are presented and discussed in the paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPTS115  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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TUPTS116 Adjustment and Improvement of 100 MeV/100 kW Electron Linear Accelerator Parameters for the NSC KIPT SCA Neutron Source electron, gun, operation, MMI 2200
 
  • P. Gladkikh, V.P. Androsov, O. Bezditko, O.V. Bykhun, V.V. Gevtsev, A.N. Gordienko, A. Gvozd, V.E. Ivashchenko, D.A. Kapliy, I.I. Karhaukhov, I.M. Karnaukhov, V.P. Lyashchenko, M. Moisieienko, A. Mytsykov, A.V. Reuzayev, A.B. Shevtsov, D.V. Tarasov, V.I. Trotsenko, A.Y. Zelinsky
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov, Ukraine
  
  The NSC KIPT SCA Neutron Source uses 100 MeV/ 100 kW electron linear accelerator as a driver for the generation of the initial neutrons. The electron linear accelerator was designed and manufactured by the Institute of High Energy Physics (IHEP) of China. At present, the accelerator was assembled at NSC KIPT, all the components were tested, and the first beam commissioning results are obtained. The pilot operation of the accelerator was started in 2018. The progress in the accelerator system operations and electron beam performance improvement are described in the paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-TUPTS116  
About • paper received ※ 10 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPMP011 Residual Orbits Estimation of the Injection Painting Bumps for CSNS injection, MMI, dipole, operation 2326
 
  • M.Y. Huang, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. U1832210)
There are three bumps (one chicane bump and two painting bumps) in the injection system of the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). They are the core parts of the injection system and the important guarantee that the Linac beam injecting into the rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS). During the beam commissioning, to check the effect of the residual orbits of the three bumps in the injection region was an important problem. In this paper, the residual orbits of BH and BV painting bumps were studied and estimated in the beam commissioning. The data analysis results showed that the residual orbits of BH and BV painting bumps were very small and they didn’t need to be corrected. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPMP011  
About • paper received ※ 01 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 20 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPMP012 Beam Loss and the Stripping Efficiency Measurement for CSNS Injection System injection, operation, MMI, proton 2329
 
  • M.Y. Huang, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Work supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Project No. U1832210)
The injection beam loss is the main beam loss of the rapid cycling synchrotron (RCS) for the China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS). After the optimization of injection system during the beam commissioning, the current injection beam loss for CSNS/RCS is approximately 1%. There are several sources of injection beam loss. In order to distinguish these different sources, the stripping efficiency of the main stripping foil should be studied and measured accurately. In this paper, a scheme for the accurate measurement of the stripping efficiency for CSNS will be proposed and studied. It can not only reduce the injection beam loss, but also be used to estimate the operation state and lifespan of the main stripping foil accurately. This method will be applied in future beam commissioning. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPMP012  
About • paper received ※ 30 April 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPGW053 Study with Wire Scanner and Beam Loss Monitor at CSNS-LINAC MEBT, electron, experiment, linac 2598
 
  • J.L. Sun, R.Y. Qiu, T. Yang
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • J.M. Tian, T.G. Xu, Zh.H. Xu, L. Zeng
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) consists of 80 MeV H− LINAC, 1.6 GeV RCS, RTBT line and one target. Many wire scanners and beam loss monitors (BLM) distributed along the LINAC and the RTBT for the profile and beam loss measurement. For the wire scanner, signal on the wire induced by the secondary electron is used for the profile measurement. Signal lost may happen when the wire or the signal chain shorted, thus a backup readout chain is required for the accident condition. As for the BLM, it is difficult to do the online calibration to see how sensitive the monitor is. Based on the two requests above, a crosscheck study was carried out recently, one wire scanner and the BLM next to it were chose at LINAC and RTBT. Both wire signal and BLM signal were recorded while the wire scanner crossing the beam. We found these two type of signals have the same accuracy for the profile measurement, and ~ 1 μA beam loss induced by the wire disturbance can be detected. Also thermal electron emission suspected happening during the measurement. More detailed experiment will be carried out in December. Secondary electron emission efficiency of the tungsten wire and thermal electron emission rate will be verified then.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPGW053  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPGW091 Beam Loss Control with Scintillating Monitors at ISIS dipole, synchrotron, operation, monitoring 2701
 
  • B. Jones, S.A. Fisher, A. Pertica
    STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
  
  The ISIS Facility at the Rutherford Appleton Laboratory produces intense neutron and muon beams for condensed matter research. Since 1984 its 50 Hz, rapid cycling synchrotron has accelerated protons from 70 to 800 MeV and now typically delivers 0.2 MW of beam to two target stations supplying thirty-four instruments. Control and minimisation of beam loss is vital to the success of high-power proton accelerators. Coverage and sensitivity of beam loss monitoring at ISIS has recently been improved by the installation of scintillating monitors inside the synchrotron’s main dipoles. In addition to their primary goal of preventing damage to dipole RF screens, these monitors have also provided a highly sensitive tool for empirical accelerator optimisation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPGW091  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 18 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPGW120 Fluorescence-Based Imaging Diagnostic for High Average Power Deuteron Beam diagnostics, quadrupole, target, photon 2777
 
  • R.A. Marsh, S.G. Anderson, D.J. Gibson, J. Hall, B. Rusnak
    LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
  
  Funding: This work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under Contract DE-AC52-07NA27344.
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory is developing an intense, high-brightness fast neutron source to create sub-millimeter-scale resolution neutron radiographs and imag-es. An intense source (1011 n/s/sr at 0 degrees) of fast neutrons (10 MeV) will be produced using a pulsed 7 MeV, 300μAmp average-current commercial deuteron accelerator producing a small (1.5 mm diameter) beam spot size to achieve high resolution. The high average power beam is a challenge for diagnostics, and a precise full power emittance measurement is critical to benchmark the system performance. A fluorescence-based beam profiling diagnostic has been selected, and this paper presents the design for the system including chamber layout, light yield calculations, and imaging system details. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPGW120  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPRB050 Multipacting Studies of the Coaxial Coupler for BNCT DTL multipactoring, simulation, DTL, impedance 2921
 
  • M.X. Fan, A.H. Li, B. Li, J. Peng, P.H. Qu, A.X. Wang, Y. Wang, X.L. Xiaolei
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • Q. Chen, S. Fu, H.C. Liu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • X.L. Wu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS (2015011) Program for GuangDong Introducting Innovative and Enterpreneurial Teams (2017ZT07S225)
Multipacting is a phenomenon in which electrons grow sharply under certain conditions in a RF structure. It may lead to the breakdown or even damage to the equipment. Therefore, it is very important to calculate the Multipact-ing range in the RF equipment design. Since the phe-nomenon is too complicated to use the formula to fully predict it, numerical simulation is employed. There are many computer codes (such as Track3P, MultiPac, CST PS, etc.) used to simulate the phenomenon, but most of them are not commercial. In this paper, theories used in coaxial line for predicting multipacting are introduced; the CST PS is chosen to simulate the multipacting of coaxial coupler for BNCT DTL; finally, methods of sup-pressing multipacting are discussed. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPRB050  
About • paper received ※ 11 April 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPTS002 Study of a Proton Therapy Beamline for Eye Treatment with Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM) and an In-House Tracking Code scattering, simulation, proton, site 3088
 
  • E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly, R. Tesse
    ULB - FSA - SMN, Bruxelles, Belgium
  • S.T. Boogert, L.J. Nevay, W. Shields
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  
  The complete modelling of passive scattering proton therapy systems is challenging and requires simulation tools that have capabilities in both beam transport and in the detailed description of particle-matter interactions. Beam Delivery Simulation (BDSIM) allows the seamless simulation of the transport of particles in a beamline and its surrounding environment. A complete 3D model can be built from Geant4, CLHEP and ROOT to provide a complete analysis of the primary beam tracking. This capability is applied to the eye treatment proton therapy machine part of the IBA Proteus Plus product line. Those simulations are compared with a fast in-house particle tracking code with a semi-analytical model of Multiple Coulomb Scattering. The preliminary results leading to the detailed knowledge of the beamline performance are discussed in detail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPTS002  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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WEPTS029 The Synchronization between BPMs and Corrector Power Supplies in AC Mode of RCS of CSNS power-supply, timing, MMI, pick-up 3164
 
  • M.T. Li
    IHEP CSNS, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China
  • Y.W. An, S. Wang, S.Y. Xu
    IHEP, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  • S.Y. Xu
    DNSC, Dongguan, People’s Republic of China
  
  This paper introduces our effort for synchronizing BPMs and Corrector Power Supplies in AC mode of RCS of CSNS. This work helps to increase the accuracy of the response matrix measurement, the obit correction, and other commissioning task.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-WEPTS029  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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THPMP008 Feasibility Study on Mo-99 Production Using Hybrid Method Based on High Power Electron Accelerator target, radiation, electron, photon 3462
 
  • A. Taghibi Khotbeh-Sara, F. Rahmani
    KNTU, Tehran, Iran
  • F. Ghasemi
    NSTRI, Tehran, Iran
  • H. Khalafi
    AEOI, Tehran, Iran
  • M. Mohseni Kejani
    Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
  
  In this study, the idea 99Mo production using hybrid method based on electron accelerator has been pre-sented. Two different main production channels of 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo and 98Mo(n,γ)99Mo can be used for 99Mo production in this system. By considering high power Linac (30 MeV, 1 mA in average beam current) and one-stage approach, the calculation of 100Mo(γ,n)99Mo reactions in the optimized 100Mo target in two different designs (strip and disc) has been simu-lated. It is predicted that about 61 and 53 Ci of 99Mo activity per 24-hour irradiation on the strip target and the disc plates can be achieved, respectively. The threshold energy of photoneutron at 100Mo is about 9 MeV, so a large part of bremsstrahlung photons cannot participate in photoneutron reaction. For feasibility study, new hybrid approach has been tested by 10 MeV Rhodotron. Due to the low threshold of photo-neutron in deuteron (about 2.2 MeV) and significant low energy photons in 100Mo, photoneutron flux is available. So, Molybdenum target in heavy water Tank increases the production yield of 99Mo using neutron absorption reaction in 98Mo. The total activity of 99Mo has been predicted about 0.23 Ci per 24 hours e-beam irradiation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP008  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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THPMP048 Mu*STAR: A Modular Accelerator-Driven Subcritical Reactor Design site, target, operation, SRF 3555
 
  • R.P. Johnson, R.J. Abrams, M.A. Cummings, J.D. Lobo, M. Popovic, T.J. Roberts
    Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
  
  Mu*STAR is an accelerator-driven molten-salt sub-critical reactor based on recent superconducting RF technological breakthroughs that allow a highly efficient and powerful proton accelerator to drive a spallation target inside a graphite-moderated, thermal-spectrum reactor. The additional spallation neutrons can be used to overcome the absorption of neutrons by fission products to allow a deeper burn than is possible with critical reactor designs. Simulations have shown that as much as seven times the energy that was extracted from used fuel from light water reactors can be produced by this method before the accelerator demands significant power from the reactor. Once the fuel rods have been converted from oxide ceramics to fluoride salts, in a process that is proliferation resistant (not chemical reprocessing), the fuel can be burned for centuries without increasing its volume while reducing its radio-toxicity. Our 2017 GAIN voucher grant supported studies by ORNL, SRNL, and INL to design and cost a Fuel Processing Plant to convert used nuclear fuel into the molten-salt fuel for Mu*STAR. Based on those studies, it seems possible to build Mu*STAR systems on existing sites where used fuel is stored, convert it to fluoride salts, and use it to provide affordable carbon-free electricity for centuries.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPMP048  
About • paper received ※ 19 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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THPRB118 Study on the Influence of the Range Shifter Material in a Scanning Nozzle for Proton Therapy Based on Monte Carlo Method proton, ECR, scattering, radiation 4100
 
  • Y.C. Yu, H.D. Guo, Y.Y. Hu, X.Y. Li, Y.J. Lin, P. Tan, X.D. Tu, L.G. Zhang
    HUST, Wuhan, People’s Republic of China
  
  Range shifter plays a key role in decreasing the energy of the proton beam to realize shallow tumours treatment with the scanning nozzle in Huazhong University of Science and Technology Proton Therapy Facility (HUST-PTF). To control the transverse scattering and decrease the damage to healthy tissue caused by secondary particle, influence of the range shifter material was studied. In this paper, the Monte Carlo software Geant4 and FLUKA are applied to analyse the transport process of proton beam in the range shifters made of six different materials: PMMA, Lexan, Lucite, Polyethylene, Polystyrene, and Wax. The beam spot sizes at the iso-center with or without range shifter was calculated for the HUST-PTF scanning nozzle. The relationship between the thickness of the range shifters of the six materials and the proton energy was obtained. The secondary neutron yield at the end of the nozzle was also analysed.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPRB118  
About • paper received ※ 14 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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THPTS031 Simulations of the Activation of a Proton Therapy Facility Using a Complete Beamline Model With BDSIM simulation, proton, shielding, experiment 4176
 
  • R. Tesse, E. Gnacadja, C. Hernalsteens, N. Pauly
    ULB - FSA - SMN, Bruxelles, Belgium
  • S.T. Boogert, L.J. Nevay, W. Shields
    JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
  • C. Hernalsteens
    IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
  
  A detailed model of the IBA Proteus One compact gantry system has been created with BDSIM (Beam Delivery Simulation) that has been validated against experimental data. Results regarding activation studies have been obtained for the first time using seamless simulations of the transport of protons in the beamline and their interactions with the environment. The activation of the concrete shielding of the system is estimated after a period of 20 years of operation. These main results are presented and discussed in detail.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPTS031  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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THPTS067 Characterisation of the Radiation Hardness of Cryogenic Bypass Diodes for the HL-LHC Inner Triplet Quadrupole Circuit radiation, experiment, quadrupole, luminosity 4268
 
  • D. Wollmann, C. Cangialosi, C. Cangialosi, F. Cerutti, G. D’Angelo, S. Danzeca, R. Denz, M. Favre, R. Garcia Alia, D. Hagedorn, A. Infantino, G. Kirby, L. Kistrup, T. Koettig, J. Lendaro, B. Lindstrom, A. Monteuuis, F. Rodriguez-Mateos, A.P. Siemko, K. Stachon, A. Tsinganis, M. Valette, A.P. Verweij, A. Will
    CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
  • A. Bernhard, A.-S. Müller
    KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
  
  Funding: Work supported by the HL-LHC Project.
The powering layout of the new HL-LHC Nb3Sn triplet circuits is the use of cryogenic bypass diodes, where the diodes are located inside an extension to the magnet cryostat, operated in superfluid helium and exposed to radiation. Therefore, the radiation hardness of different type of bypass diodes has been tested at low temperatures in CERN’s CHARM irradiation facility during the operational year 2018. The forward characteristics, the turn on voltage and the reverse blocking voltage of each diode were measured weekly at 4.2 K and 77 K, respectively, as a function of the accumulated radiation dose. The diodes were submitted to a dose close to 12 kGy and a 1 MeV equivalent neutron fluence of 2.2x1014,n/cm2. After the end of the irradiation campaign the annealing behaviour of the diodes was tested by increasing the temperature slowly to 300 K. This paper describes the experimental setup, the measurement procedure and discusses the results of the measurements. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPTS067  
About • paper received ※ 15 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 22 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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THPTS073 Radiation Damage to Undulator Electronics at an Electron Accelerator radiation, electron, electronics, photon 4285
 
  • T.Y. Chung, C.-H. Chang, A.Y. Chen, Y.W. Chen, J.C. Huang, J.C. Jan
    NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
  
  Experience gained from commissioning and operation of three elliptical polarization undulators (EPU) at the TPS taught us that undulator driving systems can behave erratically following a beam dump or loss. In this work, we discuss possible harmful radiation sources in a storage ring and analyse the effect of lack of electronic component radiation resistance in the system. According to measurements of spatial radiation distribution at the TPS, we propose solutions and an improved design for Phase-II EPUs.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-THPTS073  
About • paper received ※ 19 April 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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FRXPLM1 Operations Experience of SNS at 1.4MW and Upgrade Plans for Doubling the Beam Power target, operation, proton, cryomodule 4380
 
  • J. Galambos
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
  
  In 2018, the SNS begins operation at the design proton beam power of 1.4 MW. This talk will present the critical technical challenges that were overcome in order to take the final step in beam power with a higher than 90% reliability. In addition, the future project of the SNS for doubling the beam power from 1.4 MW to 2.8 MW and construction of second target station will be discussed.  
slides icon Slides FRXPLM1 [22.095 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2019-FRXPLM1  
About • paper received ※ 13 May 2019       paper accepted ※ 21 May 2019       issue date ※ 21 June 2019  
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