IBIC2019 - List of Keywords (detector)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOAO02	Beam Instrumentation and Diagnostics for High Luminosity LHC	luminosity, vacuum, electron, experiment	1
	M. Krupa CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The High Luminosity LHC projects aims to increase the integrated luminosity of the LHC experiments by an order of magnitude. New and upgraded beam instrumentation is being developed to cope with much brighter beams and to provide the additional novel diagnostics required to assure safe and efficient operation under the new LHC configuration. This contribution discusses the various ongoing developments and reports on the results obtained with prototypes for transverse position, intra-bunch position, transverse size and profile, and beam halo monitoring.
	Slides MOAO02 [15.308 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOAO02
About •	paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOBO04	Characterization and First Beam Loss Detection with One ESS-nBLM System Detector	neutron, linac, operation, proton	29
	L. Segui, H. Alves, S. Aune, J. Beltramelli, Q. Bertrand, M. Combet, M. Kebbiri, Ph. Legou, O. Maillard, A. Marcel, T. Papaevangelou CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France A. Dano-Daguze, D. Desforge, F. Gougnaud, T.J. Joannem, C. Lahonde-Hamdoun, P. Le Bourlout, Y. Mariette, J. Marroncle, V. Nadot, G. Tsiledakis CEA-DRF-IRFU, France I. Dolenc Kittelmann, T.J. Shea ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The monitoring of losses is crucial in any accelerator. In the new high intensity hadron facilities even low energy beam can damage or activate the materials so the detection of small losses in this region is very important. A new type of neutron beam loss monitor has been developed specifically targeting this region, where only neutrons and photons can be produced and where typical BLM, based on charged particle detection, could not be appropriate because of the photon background due to the RF cavities. The BLM proposed is based on gaseous Micromegas detectors, designed to be sensitive to fast neutrons and with little sensitivity to photons. Development of the detectors presented here has been done to fulfil the requirements of ESS and they will be part of the ESS-BI systems. The detector has been presented in previous editions of the conference. Here we focus on the neutron/gamma rejection with the final FEE and in the first operation of one of the modules in a beam during the commissioning of LINAC4 (CERN) with the detection of provoked losses and their clear separation from RF gammas. The ESS-nBLM system is presented in this conference in a separate contribution.
	Slides MOBO04 [7.609 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOBO04
About •	paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP004	Development and Calibration of a Multi-Leaf Faraday Cup for the Determination of the Beam Energy of a 50 MeV Electron LINAC in Real-Time	electron, proton, real-time, radiation	67
	C. Makowski, A. Schüller PTB, Braunschweig, Germany
	The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany’s national primary standard laboratory, operates an electron LINAC with variable energy (0.5 - 50 MeV). All parameters of the LINAC which influence the RF power (as e.g. the high voltage at modulator) as well as the number of charged particles in a bunch to be accelerated (as e.g. via gun emission) also change the beam energy. To measure the energy during the preparation or optimization of a beam, a Multi-Leaf Faraday Cup (MLFC) was developed. This MLFC allows the measurement of energy and pulse charge in real time, so the influence of the manipulated variables on energy and beam power can be immediately assessed. The MLFC consists of 128 electrically isolated Al plates where the thickness of the entire stack is sufficient to stop a 50 MeV electron beam. After each beam pulse, the charge collected by the Al plates is recorded sequentially. The MLFC was calibrated with monoenergetic electron beams at output of a magnetic spectrometer. Then the MLFC was installed at the end of the accelerator structure. From the recorded charge distributions, the corresponding energy is determined in real time and displayed for each beam pulse.
	Poster MOPP004 [3.739 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP004
About •	paper received ※ 30 August 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP005	Radiation hardness investigation of Zinc oxide fast scintillators with relativistic heavy ion beams.	radiation, heavy-ion, target, site	71
	P. Boutachkov, A. Reiter, M. Saifulin, B. Walasek-Höhne GSI, Darmstadt, Germany E.I. Gorokhova GOI, St Petersburg, Russia P. Rodnyi, I.D. Venevtsev SPbPU, St. Petersburg, Russia
	At GSI ion beams of many elements, from H up to U, are produced with energy as high as 4.5 GeV/u with the SIS-18 synchrotron. For absolute beam intensity and micro-spill structure measurements a BC400 organic scintillator is used. Due to the low radiation hardness of this material, alternative inorganic scintillators like ZnO:Ga and ZnO:In were investigated. The properties and possible application of these novel radiation hard fast scintillators will be discussed. Their response to Sn, Xe and U ion beams will be reported.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP005
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP006	Commissioning of the Beam Loss Monitoring system for the HADES beam-line at GSI	proton, operation, simulation, heavy-ion	74
	P. Boutachkov, S. Damjanovic, M. Sapinski, B. Walasek-Höhne GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer experiments at GSI (HADES) require high-intensity heavy ion beams. Monitoring and minimization of the beam losses are critical for the operation at the desired beam intensities. FAIR-type Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) system based on sixteen plastic scintillator detectors is installed along the beam line from the SIS-18 synchrotron to the experiment location. The detectors are used in counting mode, with maximum counting rate of order of 20 MHz. The system has been commissioned during the 2018 beam time. Details on the detector setup, its calibration procedure and how it can be used for quantitative beam loss determination are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP006
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP016	Particle interactions with diamond detectors	neutron, site, electron, photon	115
	C. Weiss, M. Cerv, E. Griesmayer, P. Kavrigin CIVIDEC Instrumentation, Wien, Austria
	Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond as radiation detector material has a wide range of applications, in par- ticular for harsh radiation environments and at high tem- peratures. The sensitivity of diamond is exploited in meas- urements with charged particles, neutrons and photons. Diamond detectors are used as beam loss monitors in particle accelerators, for photon detection in Synchrotron Light Sources, for neutron diagnostics in thermal neutron fields and for Deuterium-Deuterium (D-D) fusion and Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) fusion plasma neutrons. In this paper we present the simulated and measured re- sponse functions of single-crystal (sCVD) diamond detec- tors to charged particles, heavy ions, thermal neutrons, fast neutrons, X-rays and gamma radiation. All measurements were performed with CIVIDEC diamond detectors and re- lated electronics [1] at various research facilities.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP016
About •	paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP017	New Beam Loss Monitor System at SOLEIL	storage-ring, electron, electronics, injection	118
	N. Hubert, M. El Ajjouri, D. Pédeau SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	SOLEIL is currently upgrading its Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) system from pin-diode detectors to plastic scintillators associated with photosensor modules. This new kind of monitor, associated to its dedicated electronics, can be used to record slow or fast losses. Monitors have been calibrated with a diode and with a Cesium source. Both methods are compared. After preliminary tests, a first set of 20 new BLMs have been installed on 2 cells of the storage ring. Installation setup, calibration procedure and first measurements will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP017
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP020	First Tests Using Sipm Based Beam Loss Monitors at the European XFEL	FEL, undulator, photon, radiation	127
	T. Wamsat, P.A. Smirnov DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The European XFEL MTCA based Beam Loss Monitor System (BLM) is composed of about 450 monitors using photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). BLMs installed in the SASE undulator intersections show high signals at electron energy higher 16 GeV or photon energy higher 14 keV due to background synchrotron radiation which directly affects the PMT. The amplitude of this signal can get that high that, also without using any scintillating material, the BLMs get blind for real losses. Also different lead arrangements did not shield the signal sufficiently. First tests show that a Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is not affected. Also there are several advantages to use SiPM, they are cheaper by factor of 40 and operating voltage is below 45V. First test will be presented and how it can get implemented in the existing BLMs and BLM system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP020
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP022	Neutron Sensitive Beam Loss Monitoring System for the ESS Linac	neutron, linac, DTL, monitoring	131
	I. Dolenc Kittelmann, F.S. Alves, E.C. Bergman, C.S. Derrez, V. Grishin, K.E. Rosengren, T.J. Shea ESS, Lund, Sweden Q. Bertrand, T.J. Joannem, Ph. Legou, Y. Mariette, V. Nadot, T. Papaevangelou, L. Segui CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France W. Cichalewski, G.W. Jabłoński, W. Jałmużna, R. Kiełbik TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland
	The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will be a neutron source based on partly superconducting linac, accelerating protons to 2GeV with a peak current of 62.5mA, ultimately delivering a 5MW beam to a rotating tungsten target. For a successful tuning and operation of a linac, a Beam Loss Monitoring (BLM) system is required. The system is designed to protect the machine from beam-induced damage and unnecessary activation of the components. This contribution focuses on one of the BLM systems to be deployed at the ESS linac, namely the neutron sensitive BLM (nBLM). Recently, test of the nBLM data acquisition chain including the detector has been performed at LINAC4, at CERN. The test represents first evaluation of the system prototype in realistic environment. Results of the test will be presented together with an overview of the ESS nBLM system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP022
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP023	Ionisation Chamber Based Beam Loss Monitoring System for the ESS Linac	linac, background, monitoring, neutron	136
	I. Dolenc Kittelmann, F.S. Alves, E.C. Bergman, C.S. Derrez, T.J. Grandsaert, V. Grishin, T.J. Shea ESS, Lund, Sweden W. Cichalewski, G.W. Jabłoński, W. Jałmużna, R. Kiełbik TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland
	The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will be a neutron source based on partly superconducting linac, accelerating protons to 2GeV with a peak current of 62.5mA, ultimately delivering a 5MW beam to a rotating tungsten target. One of the most critical elements for the protection of an accelerator is its Beam Loss Monitoring (BLM) system. The system is designed to protect the machine from beam-induced damage and unnecessary activation of the components. This contribution focuses on one of the BLM systems to be deployed at the ESS linac, namely the Ionisation Chamber based BLM (ICBLM). Several test campaigns have been performed at various facilities. Results of these tests will be presented here together with an overview of the ESS ICBLM system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP023
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP037	Status of Beam Instrumentation for FAIR HEBT	diagnostics, proton, electron, antiproton	193
	M. Schwickert, P. Boutachkov, T. Hoffmann, H. Reeg, A. Reiter, B. Walasek-Höhne GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	At present the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is under construction at the GSI site. As part of the FAIR project the beamlines of the High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) section interconnect the synchrotrons, storage rings and experimental caves. The large range of beam energies (MeV to GeV) and beam intensities up to 10¹² particles per pulse for uranium, or up to 2·10¹³ particles per pulse for protons, demand in many cases for purpose-built beam diagnostic devices. Presently, the main diagnostic components are being manufactured by international in-kind partners in close collaboration with GSI. This contribution presents an overview of the beam instrumentation layout of the FAIR HEBT and summa-rizes the present status of developments for HEBT beam diagnostics. We focus on the status of the foreseen beam current transformers, particle detectors, scintillating screens and profile grids.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP037
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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MOPP047	Design and Development of Beam Diagnostics for an FFA-FFA Ring for ISIS-II Upgrade Studies	vacuum, simulation, GUI, proton	214
	E. Yamakawa JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom S. Machida, A. Pertica, C.C. Wilcox STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	The ISIS-II project aims to deliver a new spallation neu- tron source by 2034, driven by a 1.2 GeV proton accelerator capable of delivering a beam power of 1.25 MW with a rep- etition rate of 50 Hz or higher. One of the options for this future accelerator is a Fixed Field alternating gradient Accelerator (FFA). To demonstrate the suitability of FFAs for use in a user facility such as ISIS, there is a plan to construct a smaller scale proof of concept machine: FETS-FFA. Developing beam diagnostics for the FETS-FFA ring presents a challenge due to a large orbit excursion and aperture ( 60 mm x 700 mm). Diagnostics must cover the full size of beam chamber whilst still providing measurement sensitivity and resolution comparable to that seen in the ISIS synchrotron. This paper presents the current design and development of beam diagnostics for the FETS-FFA ring, including finite element studies of Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) and Ionisation Profile Monitors (IPMs).
	Poster MOPP047 [9.355 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-MOPP047
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUAO01	Beam Diagnostics for Studying Beam Losses in the LHC	beam-losses, proton, collimation, feedback	222
	B. Salvachua CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The LHC is well covered in terms of beam loss instrumentation. Close to 4000 ionisation chambers are installed to measure global beam losses all around the LHC ring, and diamond detectors are placed at specific locations to measure bunch-by-bunch losses. Combining the information of these loss detectors with that from additional instrumentation, such as current transformers, allows for enhanced understanding and control of losses. This includes a fast and reliable beam lifetime calculation, the identification of the main origin of the loss (horizontal or vertical betatron motion or off-momentum), or a feedback to perform controlled off-momentum loss maps to validate the settings of the collimation system. This paper describes the diagnostic possibilities that open up when such measurements from several systems are combined. This is proposed as an Invited presentation from CERN Beam Instrumentation Group.
	Slides TUAO01 [9.161 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUAO01
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 09 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUAO02	Beam-Loss Detection for LCLS-II	radiation, linac, gun, electron	229
	A.S. Fisher, C.I. Clarke, B.T. Jacobson, R.A. Kadyrov, E. Rodriguez, L. Sapozhnikov, J.J. Welch SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	SLAC is now installing LCLS-II, a superconducting electron linac driven by continuous RF at 1.3 GHz. The 4-GeV, 120-kW beam has a maximum rate of nearly 1 MHz and can be switched pulse-by-pulse to either of two undulators, to generate hard and soft x rays. Two detector types measure beam losses. Point beam-loss monitors (PBLMs) set limits at critical loss points: septa, beam stoppers and dumps, halo collimators, protection collimators (which normally receive no loss), and zones with weak shielding. PBLMs are generally single-crystal diamond detectors, except at the gun, where a scintillator on a PMT is more sensitive to the low-energy (1 MeV) beam. Long beam-loss monitors (LBLMs) use 200-m lengths of radiation-hard optical fiber, each coupled to a PMT, to capture Cherenkov light from loss showers. LBLMs protect the entire 4-km path from gun to beam dump and locate loss points. In most regions two fibers provide redundancy and view the beam from different angles. Loss signals are integrated with a 500-ms time constant and compared to a threshold; if exceeded, the beam is stopped within 0.2 ms. We report on our extensive tests of the detectors and the front-end signal processing.
	Slides TUAO02 [4.268 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUAO02
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUBO01	Screens for High Precision Measurements	electron, radiation, diagnostics, beam-diagnostic	242
	B. Walasek-Höhne, P. Forck GSI, Darmstadt, Germany K. Hoehne FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany R. Ischebeck PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland G. Kube DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union¿s Horizon 2020 programme under Grant Agreement No 730871. Scintillation screens made of various inorganic materials are widely used for transverse beam profile diagnostics at all kinds of accelerators. The monitor principle is based on the particles¿ energy loss and its conversion to visible light. The resulting light spot is a direct image of the two-dimensional beam distribution. For large beam sizes standard optical techniques can be applied, while for small beam sizes dedicated optical arrangements have to be used to prevent for image deformations. In the modern linac based light sources scintillator usage serves as an alternative way to overcome limitations related to coherent OTR emission. Radiation damages and intensity based saturation effects, in dependence of the screen material, have to be modelled. In this talk, an introduction to the scintillation mechanism in inorganic materials will be given including practical demands and limitations. An overview on actual applications at hadron and electron accelerators will be discussed as summary of the Joint ARIES-ADA Workshop on ¿Scintillation Screens and Optical Technology for transverse Profile Measurements¿ held in Kraków, Poland.
	Slides TUBO01 [27.172 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUBO01
About •	paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 16 November 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUBO04	Measuring the Beam Profile by Counting Ionization Electrons	electron, simulation, vacuum, proton	257
	H.S. Sandberg, W. Bertsche UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom D. Bodart, B. Dehning, S. Levasseur, H.S. Sandberg, G. Schneider, J.W. Storey, R. Veness CERN, Geneva, Switzerland S.M. Gibson Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom K. Satou J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
	The principle of non-destructive beam profile measurement with rest gas ionization electrons has remained largely unchanged since the technique was first proposed in the late 1960¿s. Ionization electrons (or ions) are transported by an electrostatic field onto an imaging detector, where the spatial distribution of detected electrons is a direct measure of the transverse beam profile. The detector typically consists of one or more Micro-Channel Plates (MCP’s) to amplify the signal, followed by either a phosphor screen and camera, or pickup electrodes. A long-standing problem is the ageing of the MCP’s, which limits the accuracy of the beam profile measurement. A new technique to detect ionization electrons has been developed at CERN, which uses a hybrid pixel detector to detect single ionisation electrons. This allows the application of counting statistics to the beam profile measurement. It will be shown that a meaningful beam profile can be extracted from only 100 electrons. Results from the new instrument will be presented, which demonstrate the ability to measure the beam profile of single bunches turn-by-turn, which offers new opportunities for beam diagnostic insights.
	Slides TUBO04 [2.199 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUBO04
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUCO02	Experimental Observation of Submillimeter Coherent Cherenkov Radiation at CLARA Facility	radiation, experiment, electron, target	261
	K.V. Fedorov, P. Karataev, A.N. Oleinik JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom K.V. Fedorov, A. Potylitsyn, A. Potylitsyn TPU, Tomsk, Russia P. Karataev Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom A.N. Oleinik BelSU, Belgorod, Russia T.H. Pacey, Y.M. Saveliev STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom T.H. Pacey UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom Y.M. Saveliev Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Nowadays, the method of longitudinal beam profile diagnostic based on transition radiation (TR) spectrum is well studied [1] and is constantly being applied, while using of coherent Cherenkov radiation (CCR) is a modern task that opens up new possibilities in this area [2]. In current work we conducted experiments on CCR generation, observation and it further spectral analysis at 0.1-30 THz spectral range. All experimental work was at CLARA (beam area 1) facility (~50 MeV beam energy at up to 10 Hz pulse repetition rate with sub-ps bunch length). Inside of vacuum chamber we developed movable platform where both VCR and TR target were placed, which is allows us to observe both effects during one accelerator run. For spectral analysis we used Martin-Pupplet interferometer as it provides higher signal to noise ratio and allows us to perform instabilities normalisation. As a result we will demonstrate a selection of interferograms and spectrums (as well as reconstructed longitudinal beam profiles) for different machine setups and distances between charged particle beam and Cherenkov target. By using mathematical analysis it has been shown that CLARA bunch length was about 1.2 ps.
	Slides TUCO02 [22.952 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUCO02
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUPP001	KALYPSO: Linear Array Detector with Continuous Read-Out at MHz Frame Rates	FEL, electron, radiation, laser	271
	C. Gerth, B. Steffen DESY, Hamburg, Germany M. Caselle, L. Rota KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany D.R. Makowski, A. Mielczarek TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland
	The novel linear array detector KALYPSO has been developed for beam diagnostics based on 1-dimensional profile measurements at high-repetition rate free-electron lasers (FEL) and synchrotron radiation facilities. The current version of KALYPSO has 256 pixels with a maximum frame rate of 2.7~MHz. The detector board, which comprises the radiation sensor, analog signal amplification, and analog-to-digital signal conversion, has been designed as a mezzanine card that can be plugged onto application-specific carrier boards for data pre-processing and transmission. Either a Si or InGaAs sensor can be mounted for the detection of visible or near infrared radiation. Results obtained in several beam diagnostics applications at the European XFEL and FLASH are presented to demonstrate the powerful capabilities of the KALYPSO detector. * The KAYLYPSO detector is a collaboration between the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Paul Scherrer Institut, Łódź University of Technology, and Deutsches-Elektronen Synchrotron.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP001
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUPP010	A Fast Wire Scanner System for the European XFEL	FEL, timing, operation, optics	304
	T. Lensch, B. Beutner, T. Wamsat DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	The European-XFEL is an X-ray Free Electron Laser facility located in Hamburg (Germany). The 17.5 GeV superconducting accelerator will provide photons simultaneously to several user stations. Currently 14 Wire Scanner stations are used to image transverse beam profiles in the high energy sections. These scanners provide a slow scan mode for beam halo studies and beam optics matching. When operating with long bunch trains (>100 bunches) fast scans will be used to measure beam sizes in an almost non-destructive manner. This paper briefly describes the wire scanner setup and focusses on the fast scan concept and first measurements.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP010
About •	paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUPP016	Beam Profile Monitors for the CNAO Experimental Line	experiment, proton, controls, electron	328
	C. Viviani, G.M.A. Calvi, L. Lanzavecchia, M. Manzini, A. Parravicini, E. Rojatti CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy
	The CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica) Foundation is the first Italian center for deep hadrontherapy. Since 2011, more than 2000 patients have been treated using Protons and Carbon ions. During the last 3 years an experimental line for research purposes has been built. The experimental line is equipped with three Scintillating Fibers with Photodiode array (SFP) detectors. The SFP is a profile and position monitor, whose sensitive part is made up of two harps of scintillating fibers. Each fiber is readout by a cell of a photodiode array. The SFP has been developed from the Scintillating Fibers Harp (SFH) detector, the monitor presently installed along the CNAO extraction lines. The passage to the SFP results in a significant advantage in terms of cost, dimension, acquisition rate speed and flexibility. On 19th May 2019 the first beam was extracted in the CNAO experimental room and first in line beam measurement was performed with the SFP. The present work describes the SFP detectors, their achieved performances and the results obtained by means of the most recent beam measurements, performed during experimental line commissioning.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP016
About •	paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019
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TUPP020	Development of a Gated IPM System for J-PARC MR	electron, operation, impedance, GUI	343
	K. Satou J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
	In the Main Ring (MR) of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), a residual-gas ionization profile monitor (IPM) is used to measure bunched beam profiles. After injection, the beam widths of the first ~20 bunched beams are analysed to correct the Quadruple oscillation. While only a few dozen profiles are required for this correction, the present IPM auto-matically measures all bunched beams, more than 2·10⁶ bunches from injection to the extraction, because the present IPM operates using DC. This system is unde-sirable due to the limited lifetime of the Micro Channel Plate (MCP) detector; the more particles the MCP senses, the more it loses gain flatness and thus lifetime. To improve this situation, a gated IPM system has been developed, in which the High Voltage (HV) is operated in pulse mode. Results of performance analysis of a new HV power supply, improvement of the electrodes, and particle-tracking simulation considering the space-charge-electric field of the bunched beam are de-scribed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP020
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TUPP030	Analysis of Heavy Ion Irradiation Field Nonuniformity Using Track Detectors during Electronic Components Testing	radiation, heavy-ion, electron, experiment	381
	A.S. Bychkov, P.A. Chubunov, A.S. Konyukhov, A.A. Pavlov ISDE, Moscow, Russia
	Determining the applicability of electronic components in spacecrafts involves conducting the tests using heavy ions. The Branch of URSC - ISDE and FLNR of JINR have created and operate the only in Russia test facilities based on the FLNR JINR accelerators allowing for heavy ion irradiation over a large area up to 200x200 mm. During simultaneous irradiation of several electronic components with heavy ions, it is necessary to ensure the device under test (DUT) location within the area of minimal nonuniformity. This problem is being solved by pretest determination of the irradiation field nonuniformity for each type of ion (Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Bi) and nonuniformity validation every 12 hours. Fluence is determined by a metrologically certified method using track detectors. In order to visualize the irradiation field nonuniformity, additional experiments were carried out with the irradiation of track detec-tors covering the entire irradiation area for each ion species. Based on the data obtained, a map of nonuniformity was plotted, which allows us to conclude that nonuniformity does not exceed 10% in the most frequently used areas of the irradiation field (100x150 mm) during SEE testing.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP030
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TUPP040	Digital Cameras for Photon Diagnostics at the Advanced Photon Source	controls, damping, injection, diagnostics	425
	K.P. Wootton, N.D. Arnold, W. Berg, T. Fors, N. Sereno, H. Shang, G. Shen, S.E. Shoaf, B.X. Yang ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. Cameras can be a very useful accelerator diagnostic, particularly because an image of the beam distribution can be quickly interpreted by human operators, and increasingly can serve as an input to machine learning algorithms. We present an implementation of digital cameras for triggered photon diagnostics at the Advanced Photon Source using the areaDetector framework in the Experimental Physics and Industrial Controls System. Beam size measurements from the synchrotron light monitors in the Particle Accumulator Ring using the new architecture are presented.
	Poster TUPP040 [0.708 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP040
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TUPP041	Observations of Long-Range and Short-Range Wakefield Effects on Electron-Beam Dynamics in TESLA-type Superconducting RF Cavities	cavity, HOM, wakefield, FEL	428
	A.H. Lumpkin, N. Eddy, D.R. Edstrom, J. Ruan, R.M. Thurman-Keup Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics. The Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) facility has a unique configuration of a photocathode rf gun beam injecting two TESLA-type single cavities (CC1 and CC2) in series prior to the cryomodule. Beam propagation off axis in these cavities can result in both long-range and short-range transverse wakefields which can lead to emittance dilution within the macropulses and micropulses, respectively. Two configurations of a Hamamatsu C5680 streak camera viewing a downstream OTR screen were utilized to track centroid shifts during the macropulse (framing mode) for the long-range case and during the micropulse for the short-range case (~10-micron spatial resolution and 2-ps temporal resolution). Steering off axis before CC1, resulted in a 100-kHz bunch centroid oscillation within the macropulse that was detected by the downstream rf BPMs and the streak camera. At 500 pC/b, 50b, and 4-mrad off-axis vertical steering into CC2, we observed an ~ 100-micron head-tail centroid shift in the streak camera image y(t) profiles which we attributed to a short-range wakefield effect. Additional results for kick-angle compensations and model results will be presented. A.H. Lumpkin et al., Phys. Rev. Accel. and Beams 21,064401 (2018).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP041
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TUPP043	Fast and Robust Wire Scanners with Novel Materials for Profiling High Intensity Beams	operation, controls, diagnostics, laser	436
	G. Andonian, T.J. Campese, A. Laurich, M. Ruelas RadiaBeam, Marina del Rey, California, USA G. Andonian, J.K. Penney UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA J. Gubeli, K. Jordan, J. Yan JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA C.F. Huff, L.R. Scammell, R.R. Whitney BNNT, LLC, Newport News, USA
	Wire scanners are robust devices for beam characterization in accelerator facilities. However, prolonged usage with intense particle beams leads to wire damage, requiring replacement and beam diagnostic downtime. The fast, robust wire scanner was recently designed and engineered with swappable and modular wire cards, that can accommodate different wire materials under tension. Testing is currently underway at the Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) Low Energy Recirculating Facility. During the course of the diagnostic development and commissioning, we will test Tungsten, Carbon, and boron-nitride nanotube in wire form. The latter is particularly relevant as early results on the material show that it has very high thermal thresholds and may withstand the high-power of the beam during regular operations. This paper will report on the system design and engineering, and preliminary results with operation on the beamline.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-TUPP043
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WEPP026	Electron Bunch Compression Monitors for Short Bunches - Commissioning Results from SwissFEL	electron, FEL, linac, radiation	578
	F. Frei, R. Ischebeck PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	In SwissFEL, by using three magnetic chicanes, 3ps long electron bunches can by compressed by a factor of more than 100 down to a few fs in order to generate ultra short X-ray pulses. In order to meet the envisaged beam performance, noninvasive longitudinal diagnostic after each compression stage is essential. These bunch compression monitors measure relative bunch length changes on a shot-to-shot basis by detecting coherent edge, synchrotron or diffraction radiation emitted by the electron bunches. While after the first two magnetic chicanes, a wide spectral part is integrated on a single broadband detector, an infrared spectrometer installed after the third magnetic chicane is providing more detailed information. Here, we will mainly report on commissioning results of the third bunch compression monitor for electron bunches of a few fs.
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WEPP030	Betatron Phase Advance Measurements Using the Gated Turn-by-turn Monitors at SuperKEKB	betatron, coupling, luminosity, simulation	591
	G. Mitsuka, K. Mori, M. Tobiyama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	In the SuperKEKB commissioning Phases 2 (Feb.-Jul., 2018) and 3 (from Mar. 2019), the betatron phase advances between adjacent beam position monitors have been measured using a total of 138 gated turn-by-turn monitors. A fast RF gating of the monitors enables turn-by-turn beam position detections by focusing only on an artificially-excited non-colliding bunch, while leaving colliding bunches unaffected. Betatron phase advances measured by the gated turn-by-turn monitors and accordingly obtained betatron functions were consistent with the closed orbit measurements. High signal-to-noise ratio were achieved by advanced signal extraction methods such as NAFF, SVD, and independent component analysis.
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WEPP035	Using Tune Measurement Systems Based on Diode Detectors for Quadrupolar Beam Oscillation Analysis in the Frequency Domain	operation, injection, betatron, pick-up	615
	M. Gąsior, T.E. Levens CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Requirements for diagnostics of injection matching and beam space charge effects have driven studies at CERN using high sensitivity tune measurement systems based on diode detectors for the observation of quadrupolar beam oscillations in the frequency domain. This has led to an extension of such tune systems to include a channel optimised for quadrupolar oscillation measurements. This paper presents the principles of such measurements, the developed hardware and example measurements.
	Poster WEPP035 [29.814 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IBIC2019-WEPP035
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WEPP038	Observation of Microbunching Instabilities using THz Detector at NSLS-II	radiation, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, dipole	629
	W.X. Cheng ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA B. Bacha, G.L. Carr BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Microbunching instabilities have been observed in several light sources with high single bunch current stored. The instability is typically associated with threshold beam currents. Energy spread and bunch length are increasing above the thresholds. Recently, a terahertz (THz) detector was installed at the cell 22 infrared (IR) beamline at NSLS-II storage ring to study the micro-bunch instabilities. The IR beamline has wide aperture allowing long-wavelength synchrotron radiation or microwave signal propagate to the end station, where the detector was installed. The detector output signal has been analyzed using oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer and FFT real-time spectrum analyzer. Clear sidebands appear as single bunch current increases and the sidebands tend to shift/jump. We present measurement results of the THz detector at different nominal bunch lengths and ID gaps.
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOAO02

Beam Instrumentation and Diagnostics for High Luminosity LHC

luminosity, vacuum, electron, experiment

1

M. Krupa
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The High Luminosity LHC projects aims to increase the integrated luminosity of the LHC experiments by an order of magnitude. New and upgraded beam instrumentation is being developed to cope with much brighter beams and to provide the additional novel diagnostics required to assure safe and efficient operation under the new LHC configuration. This contribution discusses the various ongoing developments and reports on the results obtained with prototypes for transverse position, intra-bunch position, transverse size and profile, and beam halo monitoring.

Slides MOAO02 [15.308 MB]

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MOBO04

Characterization and First Beam Loss Detection with One ESS-nBLM System Detector

neutron, linac, operation, proton

29

L. Segui, H. Alves, S. Aune, J. Beltramelli, Q. Bertrand, M. Combet, M. Kebbiri, Ph. Legou, O. Maillard, A. Marcel, T. Papaevangelou
CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
A. Dano-Daguze, D. Desforge, F. Gougnaud, T.J. Joannem, C. Lahonde-Hamdoun, P. Le Bourlout, Y. Mariette, J. Marroncle, V. Nadot, G. Tsiledakis
CEA-DRF-IRFU, France
I. Dolenc Kittelmann, T.J. Shea
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The monitoring of losses is crucial in any accelerator. In the new high intensity hadron facilities even low energy beam can damage or activate the materials so the detection of small losses in this region is very important. A new type of neutron beam loss monitor has been developed specifically targeting this region, where only neutrons and photons can be produced and where typical BLM, based on charged particle detection, could not be appropriate because of the photon background due to the RF cavities. The BLM proposed is based on gaseous Micromegas detectors, designed to be sensitive to fast neutrons and with little sensitivity to photons. Development of the detectors presented here has been done to fulfil the requirements of ESS and they will be part of the ESS-BI systems. The detector has been presented in previous editions of the conference. Here we focus on the neutron/gamma rejection with the final FEE and in the first operation of one of the modules in a beam during the commissioning of LINAC4 (CERN) with the detection of provoked losses and their clear separation from RF gammas. The ESS-nBLM system is presented in this conference in a separate contribution.

Slides MOBO04 [7.609 MB]

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MOPP004

Development and Calibration of a Multi-Leaf Faraday Cup for the Determination of the Beam Energy of a 50 MeV Electron LINAC in Real-Time

electron, proton, real-time, radiation

67

C. Makowski, A. Schüller
PTB, Braunschweig, Germany

The Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany’s national primary standard laboratory, operates an electron LINAC with variable energy (0.5 - 50 MeV). All parameters of the LINAC which influence the RF power (as e.g. the high voltage at modulator) as well as the number of charged particles in a bunch to be accelerated (as e.g. via gun emission) also change the beam energy. To measure the energy during the preparation or optimization of a beam, a Multi-Leaf Faraday Cup (MLFC) was developed. This MLFC allows the measurement of energy and pulse charge in real time, so the influence of the manipulated variables on energy and beam power can be immediately assessed. The MLFC consists of 128 electrically isolated Al plates where the thickness of the entire stack is sufficient to stop a 50 MeV electron beam. After each beam pulse, the charge collected by the Al plates is recorded sequentially. The MLFC was calibrated with monoenergetic electron beams at output of a magnetic spectrometer. Then the MLFC was installed at the end of the accelerator structure. From the recorded charge distributions, the corresponding energy is determined in real time and displayed for each beam pulse.

Poster MOPP004 [3.739 MB]

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MOPP005

Radiation hardness investigation of Zinc oxide fast scintillators with relativistic heavy ion beams.

radiation, heavy-ion, target, site

71

P. Boutachkov, A. Reiter, M. Saifulin, B. Walasek-Höhne
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
E.I. Gorokhova
GOI, St Petersburg, Russia
P. Rodnyi, I.D. Venevtsev
SPbPU, St. Petersburg, Russia

At GSI ion beams of many elements, from H up to U, are produced with energy as high as 4.5 GeV/u with the SIS-18 synchrotron. For absolute beam intensity and micro-spill structure measurements a BC400 organic scintillator is used. Due to the low radiation hardness of this material, alternative inorganic scintillators like ZnO:Ga and ZnO:In were investigated. The properties and possible application of these novel radiation hard fast scintillators will be discussed. Their response to Sn, Xe and U ion beams will be reported.

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MOPP006

Commissioning of the Beam Loss Monitoring system for the HADES beam-line at GSI

proton, operation, simulation, heavy-ion

74

P. Boutachkov, S. Damjanovic, M. Sapinski, B. Walasek-Höhne
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The High Acceptance Di-Electron Spectrometer experiments at GSI (HADES) require high-intensity heavy ion beams. Monitoring and minimization of the beam losses are critical for the operation at the desired beam intensities. FAIR-type Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) system based on sixteen plastic scintillator detectors is installed along the beam line from the SIS-18 synchrotron to the experiment location. The detectors are used in counting mode, with maximum counting rate of order of 20 MHz. The system has been commissioned during the 2018 beam time. Details on the detector setup, its calibration procedure and how it can be used for quantitative beam loss determination are presented.

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MOPP016

Particle interactions with diamond detectors

neutron, site, electron, photon

115

C. Weiss, M. Cerv, E. Griesmayer, P. Kavrigin
CIVIDEC Instrumentation, Wien, Austria

Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond as radiation detector material has a wide range of applications, in par- ticular for harsh radiation environments and at high tem- peratures. The sensitivity of diamond is exploited in meas- urements with charged particles, neutrons and photons. Diamond detectors are used as beam loss monitors in particle accelerators, for photon detection in Synchrotron Light Sources, for neutron diagnostics in thermal neutron fields and for Deuterium-Deuterium (D-D) fusion and Deuterium-Tritium (D-T) fusion plasma neutrons. In this paper we present the simulated and measured re- sponse functions of single-crystal (sCVD) diamond detec- tors to charged particles, heavy ions, thermal neutrons, fast neutrons, X-rays and gamma radiation. All measurements were performed with CIVIDEC diamond detectors and re- lated electronics [1] at various research facilities.

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MOPP017

New Beam Loss Monitor System at SOLEIL

storage-ring, electron, electronics, injection

118

N. Hubert, M. El Ajjouri, D. Pédeau
SOLEIL, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

SOLEIL is currently upgrading its Beam Loss Monitor (BLM) system from pin-diode detectors to plastic scintillators associated with photosensor modules. This new kind of monitor, associated to its dedicated electronics, can be used to record slow or fast losses. Monitors have been calibrated with a diode and with a Cesium source. Both methods are compared. After preliminary tests, a first set of 20 new BLMs have been installed on 2 cells of the storage ring. Installation setup, calibration procedure and first measurements will be presented.

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MOPP020

First Tests Using Sipm Based Beam Loss Monitors at the European XFEL

FEL, undulator, photon, radiation

127

T. Wamsat, P.A. Smirnov
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The European XFEL MTCA based Beam Loss Monitor System (BLM) is composed of about 450 monitors using photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). BLMs installed in the SASE undulator intersections show high signals at electron energy higher 16 GeV or photon energy higher 14 keV due to background synchrotron radiation which directly affects the PMT. The amplitude of this signal can get that high that, also without using any scintillating material, the BLMs get blind for real losses. Also different lead arrangements did not shield the signal sufficiently. First tests show that a Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) is not affected. Also there are several advantages to use SiPM, they are cheaper by factor of 40 and operating voltage is below 45V. First test will be presented and how it can get implemented in the existing BLMs and BLM system.

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MOPP022

Neutron Sensitive Beam Loss Monitoring System for the ESS Linac

neutron, linac, DTL, monitoring

131

I. Dolenc Kittelmann, F.S. Alves, E.C. Bergman, C.S. Derrez, V. Grishin, K.E. Rosengren, T.J. Shea
ESS, Lund, Sweden
Q. Bertrand, T.J. Joannem, Ph. Legou, Y. Mariette, V. Nadot, T. Papaevangelou, L. Segui
CEA-IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
W. Cichalewski, G.W. Jabłoński, W. Jałmużna, R. Kiełbik
TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland

The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will be a neutron source based on partly superconducting linac, accelerating protons to 2GeV with a peak current of 62.5mA, ultimately delivering a 5MW beam to a rotating tungsten target. For a successful tuning and operation of a linac, a Beam Loss Monitoring (BLM) system is required. The system is designed to protect the machine from beam-induced damage and unnecessary activation of the components. This contribution focuses on one of the BLM systems to be deployed at the ESS linac, namely the neutron sensitive BLM (nBLM). Recently, test of the nBLM data acquisition chain including the detector has been performed at LINAC4, at CERN. The test represents first evaluation of the system prototype in realistic environment. Results of the test will be presented together with an overview of the ESS nBLM system.

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MOPP023

Ionisation Chamber Based Beam Loss Monitoring System for the ESS Linac

linac, background, monitoring, neutron

136

I. Dolenc Kittelmann, F.S. Alves, E.C. Bergman, C.S. Derrez, T.J. Grandsaert, V. Grishin, T.J. Shea
ESS, Lund, Sweden
W. Cichalewski, G.W. Jabłoński, W. Jałmużna, R. Kiełbik
TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland

The European Spallation Source, currently under construction in Lund, Sweden, will be a neutron source based on partly superconducting linac, accelerating protons to 2GeV with a peak current of 62.5mA, ultimately delivering a 5MW beam to a rotating tungsten target. One of the most critical elements for the protection of an accelerator is its Beam Loss Monitoring (BLM) system. The system is designed to protect the machine from beam-induced damage and unnecessary activation of the components. This contribution focuses on one of the BLM systems to be deployed at the ESS linac, namely the Ionisation Chamber based BLM (ICBLM). Several test campaigns have been performed at various facilities. Results of these tests will be presented here together with an overview of the ESS ICBLM system.

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MOPP037

Status of Beam Instrumentation for FAIR HEBT

diagnostics, proton, electron, antiproton

193

M. Schwickert, P. Boutachkov, T. Hoffmann, H. Reeg, A. Reiter, B. Walasek-Höhne
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

At present the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) is under construction at the GSI site. As part of the FAIR project the beamlines of the High Energy Beam Transport (HEBT) section interconnect the synchrotrons, storage rings and experimental caves. The large range of beam energies (MeV to GeV) and beam intensities up to 10¹² particles per pulse for uranium, or up to 2·10¹³ particles per pulse for protons, demand in many cases for purpose-built beam diagnostic devices. Presently, the main diagnostic components are being manufactured by international in-kind partners in close collaboration with GSI. This contribution presents an overview of the beam instrumentation layout of the FAIR HEBT and summa-rizes the present status of developments for HEBT beam diagnostics. We focus on the status of the foreseen beam current transformers, particle detectors, scintillating screens and profile grids.

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MOPP047

Design and Development of Beam Diagnostics for an FFA-FFA Ring for ISIS-II Upgrade Studies

vacuum, simulation, GUI, proton

214

E. Yamakawa
JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
S. Machida, A. Pertica, C.C. Wilcox
STFC/RAL/ISIS, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

The ISIS-II project aims to deliver a new spallation neu- tron source by 2034, driven by a 1.2 GeV proton accelerator capable of delivering a beam power of 1.25 MW with a rep- etition rate of 50 Hz or higher. One of the options for this future accelerator is a Fixed Field alternating gradient Accelerator (FFA). To demonstrate the suitability of FFAs for use in a user facility such as ISIS, there is a plan to construct a smaller scale proof of concept machine: FETS-FFA. Developing beam diagnostics for the FETS-FFA ring presents a challenge due to a large orbit excursion and aperture ( 60 mm x 700 mm). Diagnostics must cover the full size of beam chamber whilst still providing measurement sensitivity and resolution comparable to that seen in the ISIS synchrotron. This paper presents the current design and development of beam diagnostics for the FETS-FFA ring, including finite element studies of Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) and Ionisation Profile Monitors (IPMs).

Poster MOPP047 [9.355 MB]

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TUAO01

Beam Diagnostics for Studying Beam Losses in the LHC

beam-losses, proton, collimation, feedback

222

B. Salvachua
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The LHC is well covered in terms of beam loss instrumentation. Close to 4000 ionisation chambers are installed to measure global beam losses all around the LHC ring, and diamond detectors are placed at specific locations to measure bunch-by-bunch losses. Combining the information of these loss detectors with that from additional instrumentation, such as current transformers, allows for enhanced understanding and control of losses. This includes a fast and reliable beam lifetime calculation, the identification of the main origin of the loss (horizontal or vertical betatron motion or off-momentum), or a feedback to perform controlled off-momentum loss maps to validate the settings of the collimation system. This paper describes the diagnostic possibilities that open up when such measurements from several systems are combined.
This is proposed as an Invited presentation from CERN Beam Instrumentation Group.

Slides TUAO01 [9.161 MB]

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TUAO02

Beam-Loss Detection for LCLS-II

radiation, linac, gun, electron

229

A.S. Fisher, C.I. Clarke, B.T. Jacobson, R.A. Kadyrov, E. Rodriguez, L. Sapozhnikov, J.J. Welch
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

SLAC is now installing LCLS-II, a superconducting electron linac driven by continuous RF at 1.3 GHz. The 4-GeV, 120-kW beam has a maximum rate of nearly 1 MHz and can be switched pulse-by-pulse to either of two undulators, to generate hard and soft x rays. Two detector types measure beam losses. Point beam-loss monitors (PBLMs) set limits at critical loss points: septa, beam stoppers and dumps, halo collimators, protection collimators (which normally receive no loss), and zones with weak shielding. PBLMs are generally single-crystal diamond detectors, except at the gun, where a scintillator on a PMT is more sensitive to the low-energy (1 MeV) beam. Long beam-loss monitors (LBLMs) use 200-m lengths of radiation-hard optical fiber, each coupled to a PMT, to capture Cherenkov light from loss showers. LBLMs protect the entire 4-km path from gun to beam dump and locate loss points. In most regions two fibers provide redundancy and view the beam from different angles. Loss signals are integrated with a 500-ms time constant and compared to a threshold; if exceeded, the beam is stopped within 0.2 ms. We report on our extensive tests of the detectors and the front-end signal processing.

Slides TUAO02 [4.268 MB]

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paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 07 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

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TUBO01

Screens for High Precision Measurements

electron, radiation, diagnostics, beam-diagnostic

242

B. Walasek-Höhne, P. Forck
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
K. Hoehne
FAIR, Darmstadt, Germany
R. Ischebeck
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
G. Kube
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union¿s Horizon 2020 programme under Grant Agreement No 730871.
Scintillation screens made of various inorganic materials are widely used for transverse beam profile diagnostics at all kinds of accelerators. The monitor principle is based on the particles¿ energy loss and its conversion to visible light. The resulting light spot is a direct image of the two-dimensional beam distribution. For large beam sizes standard optical techniques can be applied, while for small beam sizes dedicated optical arrangements have to be used to prevent for image deformations. In the modern linac based light sources scintillator usage serves as an alternative way to overcome limitations related to coherent OTR emission. Radiation damages and intensity based saturation effects, in dependence of the screen material, have to be modelled. In this talk, an introduction to the scintillation mechanism in inorganic materials will be given including practical demands and limitations. An overview on actual applications at hadron and electron accelerators will be discussed as summary of the Joint ARIES-ADA Workshop on ¿Scintillation Screens and Optical Technology for transverse Profile Measurements¿ held in Kraków, Poland.

Slides TUBO01 [27.172 MB]

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paper received ※ 09 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 16 November 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

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TUBO04

Measuring the Beam Profile by Counting Ionization Electrons

electron, simulation, vacuum, proton

257

H.S. Sandberg, W. Bertsche
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
D. Bodart, B. Dehning, S. Levasseur, H.S. Sandberg, G. Schneider, J.W. Storey, R. Veness
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
S.M. Gibson
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
K. Satou
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

The principle of non-destructive beam profile measurement with rest gas ionization electrons has remained largely unchanged since the technique was first proposed in the late 1960¿s. Ionization electrons (or ions) are transported by an electrostatic field onto an imaging detector, where the spatial distribution of detected electrons is a direct measure of the transverse beam profile. The detector typically consists of one or more Micro-Channel Plates (MCP’s) to amplify the signal, followed by either a phosphor screen and camera, or pickup electrodes. A long-standing problem is the ageing of the MCP’s, which limits the accuracy of the beam profile measurement. A new technique to detect ionization electrons has been developed at CERN, which uses a hybrid pixel detector to detect single ionisation electrons. This allows the application of counting statistics to the beam profile measurement. It will be shown that a meaningful beam profile can be extracted from only 100 electrons. Results from the new instrument will be presented, which demonstrate the ability to measure the beam profile of single bunches turn-by-turn, which offers new opportunities for beam diagnostic insights.

Slides TUBO04 [2.199 MB]

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paper received ※ 03 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 08 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

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TUCO02

Experimental Observation of Submillimeter Coherent Cherenkov Radiation at CLARA Facility

radiation, experiment, electron, target

261

K.V. Fedorov, P. Karataev, A.N. Oleinik
JAI, Egham, Surrey, United Kingdom
K.V. Fedorov, A. Potylitsyn, A. Potylitsyn
TPU, Tomsk, Russia
P. Karataev
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
A.N. Oleinik
BelSU, Belgorod, Russia
T.H. Pacey, Y.M. Saveliev
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
T.H. Pacey
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
Y.M. Saveliev
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Nowadays, the method of longitudinal beam profile diagnostic based on transition radiation (TR) spectrum is well studied [1] and is constantly being applied, while using of coherent Cherenkov radiation (CCR) is a modern task that opens up new possibilities in this area [2]. In current work we conducted experiments on CCR generation, observation and it further spectral analysis at 0.1-30 THz spectral range. All experimental work was at CLARA (beam area 1) facility (~50 MeV beam energy at up to 10 Hz pulse repetition rate with sub-ps bunch length). Inside of vacuum chamber we developed movable platform where both VCR and TR target were placed, which is allows us to observe both effects during one accelerator run. For spectral analysis we used Martin-Pupplet interferometer as it provides higher signal to noise ratio and allows us to perform instabilities normalisation. As a result we will demonstrate a selection of interferograms and spectrums (as well as reconstructed longitudinal beam profiles) for different machine setups and distances between charged particle beam and Cherenkov target. By using mathematical analysis it has been shown that CLARA bunch length was about 1.2 ps.

Slides TUCO02 [22.952 MB]

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TUPP001

KALYPSO: Linear Array Detector with Continuous Read-Out at MHz Frame Rates

FEL, electron, radiation, laser

271

C. Gerth, B. Steffen
DESY, Hamburg, Germany
M. Caselle, L. Rota
KIT, Karlsruhe, Germany
D.R. Makowski, A. Mielczarek
TUL-DMCS, Łódź, Poland

The novel linear array detector KALYPSO has been developed for beam diagnostics based on 1-dimensional profile measurements at high-repetition rate free-electron lasers (FEL) and synchrotron radiation facilities. The current version of KALYPSO has 256 pixels with a maximum frame rate of 2.7~MHz. The detector board, which comprises the radiation sensor, analog signal amplification, and analog-to-digital signal conversion, has been designed as a mezzanine card that can be plugged onto application-specific carrier boards for data pre-processing and transmission. Either a Si or InGaAs sensor can be mounted for the detection of visible or near infrared radiation. Results obtained in several beam diagnostics applications at the European XFEL and FLASH are presented to demonstrate the powerful capabilities of the KALYPSO detector.
* The KAYLYPSO detector is a collaboration between the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Paul Scherrer Institut, Łódź University of Technology, and Deutsches-Elektronen Synchrotron.

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TUPP010

A Fast Wire Scanner System for the European XFEL

FEL, timing, operation, optics

304

T. Lensch, B. Beutner, T. Wamsat
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

The European-XFEL is an X-ray Free Electron Laser facility located in Hamburg (Germany). The 17.5 GeV superconducting accelerator will provide photons simultaneously to several user stations. Currently 14 Wire Scanner stations are used to image transverse beam profiles in the high energy sections. These scanners provide a slow scan mode for beam halo studies and beam optics matching. When operating with long bunch trains (>100 bunches) fast scans will be used to measure beam sizes in an almost non-destructive manner. This paper briefly describes the wire scanner setup and focusses on the fast scan concept and first measurements.

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paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

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TUPP016

Beam Profile Monitors for the CNAO Experimental Line

experiment, proton, controls, electron

328

C. Viviani, G.M.A. Calvi, L. Lanzavecchia, M. Manzini, A. Parravicini, E. Rojatti
CNAO Foundation, Milan, Italy

The CNAO (Centro Nazionale di Adroterapia Oncologica) Foundation is the first Italian center for deep hadrontherapy. Since 2011, more than 2000 patients have been treated using Protons and Carbon ions. During the last 3 years an experimental line for research purposes has been built. The experimental line is equipped with three Scintillating Fibers with Photodiode array (SFP) detectors. The SFP is a profile and position monitor, whose sensitive part is made up of two harps of scintillating fibers. Each fiber is readout by a cell of a photodiode array. The SFP has been developed from the Scintillating Fibers Harp (SFH) detector, the monitor presently installed along the CNAO extraction lines. The passage to the SFP results in a significant advantage in terms of cost, dimension, acquisition rate speed and flexibility. On 19th May 2019 the first beam was extracted in the CNAO experimental room and first in line beam measurement was performed with the SFP. The present work describes the SFP detectors, their achieved performances and the results obtained by means of the most recent beam measurements, performed during experimental line commissioning.

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TUPP020

Development of a Gated IPM System for J-PARC MR

electron, operation, impedance, GUI

343

K. Satou
J-PARC, KEK & JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

In the Main Ring (MR) of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC), a residual-gas ionization profile monitor (IPM) is used to measure bunched beam profiles. After injection, the beam widths of the first ~20 bunched beams are analysed to correct the Quadruple oscillation. While only a few dozen profiles are required for this correction, the present IPM auto-matically measures all bunched beams, more than 2·10⁶ bunches from injection to the extraction, because the present IPM operates using DC. This system is unde-sirable due to the limited lifetime of the Micro Channel Plate (MCP) detector; the more particles the MCP senses, the more it loses gain flatness and thus lifetime. To improve this situation, a gated IPM system has been developed, in which the High Voltage (HV) is operated in pulse mode. Results of performance analysis of a new HV power supply, improvement of the electrodes, and particle-tracking simulation considering the space-charge-electric field of the bunched beam are de-scribed.

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TUPP030

Analysis of Heavy Ion Irradiation Field Nonuniformity Using Track Detectors during Electronic Components Testing

radiation, heavy-ion, electron, experiment

381

A.S. Bychkov, P.A. Chubunov, A.S. Konyukhov, A.A. Pavlov
ISDE, Moscow, Russia

Determining the applicability of electronic components in spacecrafts involves conducting the tests using heavy ions. The Branch of URSC - ISDE and FLNR of JINR have created and operate the only in Russia test facilities based on the FLNR JINR accelerators allowing for heavy ion irradiation over a large area up to 200x200 mm. During simultaneous irradiation of several electronic components with heavy ions, it is necessary to ensure the device under test (DUT) location within the area of minimal nonuniformity. This problem is being solved by pretest determination of the irradiation field nonuniformity for each type of ion (Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe, Bi) and nonuniformity validation every 12 hours. Fluence is determined by a metrologically certified method using track detectors. In order to visualize the irradiation field nonuniformity, additional experiments were carried out with the irradiation of track detec-tors covering the entire irradiation area for each ion species. Based on the data obtained, a map of nonuniformity was plotted, which allows us to conclude that nonuniformity does not exceed 10% in the most frequently used areas of the irradiation field (100x150 mm) during SEE testing.

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paper received ※ 04 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

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TUPP040

Digital Cameras for Photon Diagnostics at the Advanced Photon Source

controls, damping, injection, diagnostics

425

K.P. Wootton, N.D. Arnold, W. Berg, T. Fors, N. Sereno, H. Shang, G. Shen, S.E. Shoaf, B.X. Yang
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, operated for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
Cameras can be a very useful accelerator diagnostic, particularly because an image of the beam distribution can be quickly interpreted by human operators, and increasingly can serve as an input to machine learning algorithms. We present an implementation of digital cameras for triggered photon diagnostics at the Advanced Photon Source using the areaDetector framework in the Experimental Physics and Industrial Controls System. Beam size measurements from the synchrotron light monitors in the Particle Accumulator Ring using the new architecture are presented.

Poster TUPP040 [0.708 MB]

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TUPP041

Observations of Long-Range and Short-Range Wakefield Effects on Electron-Beam Dynamics in TESLA-type Superconducting RF Cavities

cavity, HOM, wakefield, FEL

428

A.H. Lumpkin, N. Eddy, D.R. Edstrom, J. Ruan, R.M. Thurman-Keup
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: This manuscript has been authored by Fermi Research Alliance, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-07CH11359 with the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics.
The Fermilab Accelerator Science and Technology (FAST) facility has a unique configuration of a photocathode rf gun beam injecting two TESLA-type single cavities (CC1 and CC2) in series prior to the cryomodule. Beam propagation off axis in these cavities can result in both long-range and short-range transverse wakefields which can lead to emittance dilution within the macropulses and micropulses, respectively. Two configurations of a Hamamatsu C5680 streak camera viewing a downstream OTR screen were utilized to track centroid shifts during the macropulse (framing mode) for the long-range case and during the micropulse for the short-range case (~10-micron spatial resolution and 2-ps temporal resolution). Steering off axis before CC1, resulted in a 100-kHz bunch centroid oscillation within the macropulse that was detected by the downstream rf BPMs and the streak camera*. At 500 pC/b, 50b, and 4-mrad off-axis vertical steering into CC2, we observed an ~ 100-micron head-tail centroid shift in the streak camera image y(t) profiles which we attributed to a short-range wakefield effect. Additional results for kick-angle compensations and model results will be presented.
*A.H. Lumpkin et al., Phys. Rev. Accel. and Beams 21,064401 (2018).

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paper received ※ 10 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 11 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

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TUPP043

Fast and Robust Wire Scanners with Novel Materials for Profiling High Intensity Beams

operation, controls, diagnostics, laser

436

G. Andonian, T.J. Campese, A. Laurich, M. Ruelas
RadiaBeam, Marina del Rey, California, USA
G. Andonian, J.K. Penney
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
J. Gubeli, K. Jordan, J. Yan
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
C.F. Huff, L.R. Scammell, R.R. Whitney
BNNT, LLC, Newport News, USA

Wire scanners are robust devices for beam characterization in accelerator facilities. However, prolonged usage with intense particle beams leads to wire damage, requiring replacement and beam diagnostic downtime. The fast, robust wire scanner was recently designed and engineered with swappable and modular wire cards, that can accommodate different wire materials under tension. Testing is currently underway at the Jefferson Laboratory (JLab) Low Energy Recirculating Facility. During the course of the diagnostic development and commissioning, we will test Tungsten, Carbon, and boron-nitride nanotube in wire form. The latter is particularly relevant as early results on the material show that it has very high thermal thresholds and may withstand the high-power of the beam during regular operations. This paper will report on the system design and engineering, and preliminary results with operation on the beamline.

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paper received ※ 05 September 2019 paper accepted ※ 10 September 2019 issue date ※ 10 November 2019

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WEPP026

Electron Bunch Compression Monitors for Short Bunches - Commissioning Results from SwissFEL

electron, FEL, linac, radiation

578

F. Frei, R. Ischebeck
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

In SwissFEL, by using three magnetic chicanes, 3ps long electron bunches can by compressed by a factor of more than 100 down to a few fs in order to generate ultra short X-ray pulses. In order to meet the envisaged beam performance, noninvasive longitudinal diagnostic after each compression stage is essential. These bunch compression monitors measure relative bunch length changes on a shot-to-shot basis by detecting coherent edge, synchrotron or diffraction radiation emitted by the electron bunches. While after the first two magnetic chicanes, a wide spectral part is integrated on a single broadband detector, an infrared spectrometer installed after the third magnetic chicane is providing more detailed information. Here, we will mainly report on commissioning results of the third bunch compression monitor for electron bunches of a few fs.

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WEPP030

Betatron Phase Advance Measurements Using the Gated Turn-by-turn Monitors at SuperKEKB

betatron, coupling, luminosity, simulation

591

G. Mitsuka, K. Mori, M. Tobiyama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

In the SuperKEKB commissioning Phases 2 (Feb.-Jul., 2018) and 3 (from Mar. 2019), the betatron phase advances between adjacent beam position monitors have been measured using a total of 138 gated turn-by-turn monitors. A fast RF gating of the monitors enables turn-by-turn beam position detections by focusing only on an artificially-excited non-colliding bunch, while leaving colliding bunches unaffected. Betatron phase advances measured by the gated turn-by-turn monitors and accordingly obtained betatron functions were consistent with the closed orbit measurements. High signal-to-noise ratio were achieved by advanced signal extraction methods such as NAFF, SVD, and independent component analysis.

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WEPP035

Using Tune Measurement Systems Based on Diode Detectors for Quadrupolar Beam Oscillation Analysis in the Frequency Domain

operation, injection, betatron, pick-up

615

M. Gąsior, T.E. Levens
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Requirements for diagnostics of injection matching and beam space charge effects have driven studies at CERN using high sensitivity tune measurement systems based on diode detectors for the observation of quadrupolar beam oscillations in the frequency domain. This has led to an extension of such tune systems to include a channel optimised for quadrupolar oscillation measurements. This paper presents the principles of such measurements, the developed hardware and example measurements.

Poster WEPP035 [29.814 MB]

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WEPP038

Observation of Microbunching Instabilities using THz Detector at NSLS-II

radiation, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, dipole

629

W.X. Cheng
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
B. Bacha, G.L. Carr
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Microbunching instabilities have been observed in several light sources with high single bunch current stored. The instability is typically associated with threshold beam currents. Energy spread and bunch length are increasing above the thresholds. Recently, a terahertz (THz) detector was installed at the cell 22 infrared (IR) beamline at NSLS-II storage ring to study the micro-bunch instabilities. The IR beamline has wide aperture allowing long-wavelength synchrotron radiation or microwave signal propagate to the end station, where the detector was installed. The detector output signal has been analyzed using oscilloscope, spectrum analyzer and FFT real-time spectrum analyzer. Clear sidebands appear as single bunch current increases and the sidebands tend to shift/jump. We present measurement results of the THz detector at different nominal bunch lengths and ID gaps.

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