ICALEPCS1991 - List of Keywords (hardware)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
S01SRA02	Experience Controlling the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex	controls, interface, database, data-acquisition	7
	S. Schaller, R. Stuewe, E. Björklund, M.J. Burns, T. Callaway, G.P. Carr, S. Cohen, M. Harrington, D. Kubicek, R. Poore, D. Schultz LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. In recent years, control system efforts at LAMPF have emphasized the provision of uniform control for the LAMPF linear accelerator and associated beam lines and the Proton Storage Ring and its associated beam lines. The situation is complicated by the presence of several control philosophies in the operator interfaces, data base mechanisms, and front end data acquisition and control interfaces. This paper describes the current system configuration, including the distributed operator interfaces, the data and control sharing between systems, and the use of common accelerator diagnostic software tools. Successes as well as deficiencies of the present system will be discussed with an eye toward future developments.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S01SRA12	Control System for a Heavy-Ion Accelerator Complex K4 - K10	controls, real-time, software, interface	47
	V.M. Kotov, R.A. Pose JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	Control systems for newly created accelerators, perhaps for the first time, may be designed almost only around international standards for communication and control techniques. This is also true for the project of a control system for the accelerator complex K4-K10 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna. Nevertheless, open systems architecture with construction principles being essential for modem systems of such big devices as particle accelerators leaves designers enough possibilities for solving even very sophisticated problems.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA12
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S02SRU01	Future Directions in Controlling the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex at Los Alamos National Laboratory	controls, software, interface, network	50
	R. Stuewe, S. Schaller, E. Björklund, M.J. Burns, T. Callaway, G.P. Carr, S. Cohen, D. Kubicek, M. Harrington, R. Poore, D. Schultz LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy. Four interrelated projects are underway whose purpose is to migrate the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex control systems to a system with a common set of hardware and software components. Project goals address problems in performance, maintenance and growth potential. Front-end hardware, operator interface hardware and software, computer systems, network systems and data system software are being simultaneously upgraded as part of these efforts. The efforts are being coordinated to provide for a smooth and timely migration to a client-server model-based data acquisition and control system. An increased use of distributed intelligence at both the front-end and the operator interface is a key element of the projects.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU01
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S02SRU05	Replacement of the ISIS Control System	controls, software, Ethernet, interface	71
	R.P. Mannix, C.J. Barton, D.M. Brownless, J.C. Kerr RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	In operation since 1985, ISIS is the world’s most powerful pulsed spallation neutron source. The decision has been taken to replace the existing ISIS control system, which has been in use for over ten years. The problems of such a project, given the legacy of processor specific hardware and software are discussed, along with the problems associated with incorporating existing interface hardware into any new system. Present progress using commercial workstation based control software is presented with, an assessment of the benefits and pitfalls of such an approach.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU05
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S02SRU06	Upgrading the Control System for the Accelerators at The Svedberg Laboratory	controls, cyclotron, interface, software	78
	K.J. Gajewski, L. Thuresson, O. Johansson TSL, Uppsala, Sweden
	Two accelerators at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala, the Gustaf Werner cyclotron and the CELSIUS ring, will get a new control system. At present both the cyclotron and the ring have their own control systems based on S99 and PDP11 minicomputers respectively. There are also a number of subsystems which are controlled separately from the standalone PC based consoles (ECR ion source, electron cooler, vacuum system). The goal of the rejuvenation is to integrate all existing control systems and provide the new system with an uniform operators interface based on workstations. The obsolete S99 microcomputers will be substituted with a VME system and all subsystems will be connected to the Ethernet. The upgrade strategy enabling the transformation of the system without any long shut-down period is discussed. Hardware and software planned for the upgrade is presented together with a discussion of expected problems.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU06
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S02SRU08	The Rejuvenation of TRISTAN Control System	controls, real-time, operation, software	85
	T. Mimashi, J. Urakawa, S.-I. Kurokawa, T. Kawamoto, S. Takeda, A. Akiyama, K. Kudoh, K. Komada, T. Naitoh KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The current TRISTAN accelerator control system uses CAMAC as a front end electronics, and they are controlled by twenty five Hitachi minicomputer HIDIC 80’s which are linked with an N-to-N token ring network. After five years from now, these computers must be replaced. This is because of the life time of control system and we have to cope with the requirements imposed by our future project such as the KEK B-Factory and the main ring photon factory projects. The rejuvenation of this control has to be done under some constraints such as the lack of manpower, limited time and financing. First we review the problems of current control system, then the philosophy of the new generation control system is presented. Finally it is discussed how to move to the new generation control system from the current TRISTAN control system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU08
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD03	The Computer Control System for the CESR B Factory	controls, interface, operation, database	110
	C.R. Strohman, S.B. Peck, D.H. Rice Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the US National Science Foundation B factories present unique requirements for controls and instrumentation systems. High reliability is critical to achieving the integrated luminosity goals. The CESR-B upgrade at Cornell University will have a control system based on the architecture of the successful CESR control system, which uses a centralized database/message routing system in a multiported memory, and VAXstations for all high-level control functions. The implementation of this architecture will address the deficiencies in the current implementation while providing the required performance and reliability.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD03
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD06	Centralized Multiprocessor Control System for the Frascati Storage Rings DA{Φ}NE	controls, interface, software, LabView	128
	G. Di Pirro, C. Milardi, M. Serio, A. Stecchi, L. Trasatti LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy B. Caccia, V. Dante, R. Lomoro, E. Spiriti, S. Valentini ISS, Rome, Italy
	We describe the status of the DANTE (DA¿NE New Tools Environment) control system for the new DA{Φ}NE {Φ}-factory under construction at the Frascati National Laboratories. The system is based on a centralized communication architecture for simplicity and reliability. A central processor unit coordinates all communications between the consoles and the lower level distributed processing power, and continuously updates a central memory that contains the whole machine status. We have developed a system of VME Fiber Optic interfaces allowing very fast point to point communication between distant processors. Macintosh II personal computers are used as consoles. The lower levels are all built using the VME standard.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD06
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD07	The Operator View of the Superconducting at LNS Catania	software, controls, cyclotron, network	131
	D. Giove INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy G. Cuttone, A. Rovelli INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
	The upper level of a distributed control system designed for the superconducting Cyclotron (SC), will be discussed. In particular, we will present a detailed description of the operator view of this accelerator along with the tools for I/O points management, data rappresentations, data archiving and retrieval. A dedicated program, developed by us, working under X-Window will be described as a starting point for a new man-machine interface approach in small laboratories opposed to the first industrial available packages.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD07
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S04SRS02	A PC Based Control System for the CERN ISOLDE Separators	controls, ISOL, Windows, network	162
	R. Billinge, A. Bret, I. Deloose, A. Pace, G. Shering CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The control system of the two isotope separators of CERN, named ISOLDE, is being completely redesigned with the goal of having a flexible, high performance and inexpensive system. A new architecture that makes heavy use of the commercial software and hardware available for the huge Personal Computer (PC) market is being implemented on the 1700 geographically distributed control channels of the separators. 8 MS-DOS™ i386-based PCs with about 80 acquisition/control boards are used to access the equipments while 3 other PCs running Microsoft Windows™ and Microsoft Excel™ are used as consoles, the whole through a Novell™ Local Area Network with a PC Disk Server used as a database. This paper describes the interesting solutions found and discusses the reduced programming workload and costs that are expected to build the system before the start of the separators in March 1992.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S04SRS02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S04SRS03	Status of the Control and Beam Diagnostic Systems of the CRYRING Project	controls, detector, timing, diagnostics	167
	J. Starker, M. Engström MSL, Stockholm, Sweden
	CRYRING is a facility for research in atomic, molecular and nuclear physics. It uses a cryogenic electron beam ion source, CRYSIS, together with an RFQ linear accelerator as injector into a synchrotron/storage ring for very highly charged, heavy ions. The first circulating beam was achieved in December 1990. The status of the systems for control and beam diagnostics are described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S04SRS03
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S05SRN02	Control System for JAERI Free Electron Laser	controls, FEL, electron, interface	198
	M. Sugimoto JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
	A control system comprising of the personal computers network and the CAMAC stations for the JAERI Free Electron Laser is designed and is in the development stage. It controls the equipment and analyzes the electron and optical beam experiments. The concept and the prototype of the control system are described. The Free Electron Laser (FEL) facility, SCARLET (Superconducting Accelerator for Research of Light Emission at Tokai), is now under construction at JAERI. It is a first step of the FEL program and the aim is the R&D of the superconducting accelerator (SCA) based FEL system in 10-50 µm range. The SCA is employed due to the suitability for the cw operation in the second phase of the project.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S05SRN02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S05SRN10	Hard-and Software for Measurement and Control of the Pulse Thermonuclear Installation	controls, software, experiment, Ethernet	235
	V.V. Bulan, V.M. Chikovsky, E.I. Dudorova, A.V. Kartashev, Yu.N. Lusin, A.I. Nebogin, G.M. Oleinik, Yu.V. Papazyan, V.H. Savochkin, V.P. Smirnov, V.I. Zaitsev I.V. Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, Troitsk, Russia
	This paper describes control and measuring systems of the pulse thermonuclear installation "Angara-5". The "Angara-5" operates in a monopulse mode. It takes a long time to prepare the installation to the work shot. The main information flow about the installation output parameters and the target processes comes for 10^-7-10^-8 sec. The measuring-control equipment has a multi-level hierarchy structure where the lower level is local systems controlled by own computers. Measuring systems contain waveform digitizers of different types. The supervisor console system realizes the communications with the local systems, as well as the data acquisition, processing and storage. Hardware and software structures are given. Careful equipment shielding and grounding have provided level of noise 30 mV. Fast signals processing features are discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S05SRN10
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S06SA04	The Software for the CERN LEP Beam Orbit Measurement System	pick-up, operation, software, network	260
	G. Morpurgo CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	The Beam Orbit Measurement (BOM) system of LEP consists of 504 pickups, distributed all around the accelerator, that are capable of measuring the positions of the two beams. Their activity has to be synchronised, and the data produced by them have to be collected together, for example to form a "closed orbit measurement" or a "trajectory measurement". On the user side, several clients can access simultaneously the results from this instrument. Au automatic acquisition mode, and an "on request" one, can run in parallel. This results in a very flexible and powerful system. The functionality of the BOM system is fully described, as well as the structure of the software processes which constitute the system, and their interconnections. Problems solved during the implementation are emphasized.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S06SA04
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S07IC02	SPS/LEP Beam Transfer Equipment Control Using Industrial Automation Components	controls, software, interface, electron	274
	A. Aimar, J.-L. Bretin, G. Bérard, E. Carlier, J. Dieperink, M. Laffin, V. Mertens, H. Verhagen CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Several control systems for SPS and LEP beam transfer equipment have to be commissioned in the near future. Tools for fast software development, easy maintenance and modifications, compliance with industrial standards, and independence of specific suppliers are considered to be essential. A large fraction of the systems can be realized using off-the-shelf industrial automation components like industrial I/O systems, programmable logic controllers, or diskless PCs. Specific electronics built up in G-64 can be integrated. Diskless systems running UNIX and X Windows are foreseen as process controllers and local access media.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S07IC04	A Front-End System for Industrial Type Controls at the SSC	controls, interface, software, database	283
	D.J. Haenni SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA
	The SSC control system is tasked with coordinating the operation of many different accelerator subsystems, a number of which use industrial type process controls. The design of a high-performance control system front end is presented which serves both as a data concentrator and a distributed process controller. In addition it provides strong support for a centra1ized control system architecture, allows for regional control systems, and simplifies the construction of inter-subsystem controls. An implementation of this design will be discussed which uses STD-Bus for accelerator hardware interfacing, a time domain multiplexing (TDM) communications transport system, and a modified reflective memory interface to the rest of the control system. Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-89ER40486.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC04
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S07IC05	The Influence of Industrial Applications on a Control System Toolbox	database, controls, software, network	287
	P.N. Clout VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA
	V system is as an open, advanced software application toolbox for rapidly creating fast, efficient and cost-effective control and data-acquisition systems. V system’s modular architecture is designed for single computers, networked computers and workstations running under VAX/VMS or VAX/ELN. At the heart of Vsystem lies Vaccess, a user extendible real-time database and library of access routines. The application database provides the link to the hardware of the application and can be organized as one database or separate databases installed in different computers on the network. Vsystem has found application in charged particle accelerator control, tokamak control, and industrial research. as well as its more recent industrial applications. This paper describes the broad features of Vsystem and the influence that recent industrial applications have had on the software.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC05
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S08NC01	ARCNET as a Field Bus in the Fermilab Linac Control System	network, controls, linac, software	291
	M.F. Shea, R.W. Goodwin, M.J. Kucera, S. Shtirbu Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-76CHO3000 Data acquisition hardware in accelerator control systems is connected by a field bus to networked computers that supply data to consoles. Industry attempts to standardize on a low level field bus have not succeeded in providing a single well supported bus. This paper describes a data acquisition chassis that connects to VMEbus computers using ARCNET, a full featured token-passing local area network, as the field bus. The performance of this technique as implemented in the control system for the Fermilab Linac is given.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC01
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S08NC06	Time and Load Measuring in the SPS/LEP Control System	network, controls, software, timing	310
	J. Navratil Czech Technical University, Prague 6, Czech Republic
	This paper describes the experiences with the SPS/LEP Control System during its first operational days from the communication point of view. The results show difference between hardware possibility of the local communication based on the modem technology and the possibility to use it by PC machines. There is also several figures describing the activity on the communication lines.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC06
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S08NC07	The ELETTRA Field Highway System	controls, software, interface, network	313
	D. Bulfone, P. Michelini, M. Mignacco Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	ELETTRA is a third generation Synchrotron Light Source under construction in Trieste (Italy); it consists of a full energy linac injector and a storage ring with beam energies between 1.5 and 2 GeV. The ELETTRA control system has a distributed architecture, hierarchically divided into three layers of computers; two network levels provide communication between the adjacent computer layers. The field highway adopted for the connection of the middle-layer local process computers with the bottom-layer equipment interface units is the MIL-1553B multidrop highway. This paper describes the hardware configuration and the main communication services developed on the MIL-15538 field highway for accelerator control. As an additional feature, typical LAN utilities have been added on top of the basic MIL-15538 communication software allowing remote login and file transfer; these tools are currently used for software development in our laboratory.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC07
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S09DPP02	Palantiri: A Distributed Real-Time Database System for Process Control	database, controls, network, real-time	336
	B.J. Tummers, W. Heubers NIKHEF-K, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
	The medium-energy accelerator MEA, located in Amsterdam, is controlled by a heterogeneous computer network. A large real-time database contains the parameters involved in the control of the accelerator and the experiments. This database system was implemented about ten years ago and has since been extended several times. In response to increased needs the database system has been redesigned. The new database environment, as described in this paper, consists out of two new concepts: (1) A Palantir which is a per machine process that stores the locally declared data and forwards au non local requests for data access to the appropriate machine. It acts as a storage device for data and a looking glass upon the world. (2) Golems: working units that define the data within the Palantir, and that have knowledge of the hardware they control. Applications access the data of a Golem by name (which do resemble Unix path names). The Palantir that runs on the same machine as the application handles the distribution of access requests. This paper focuses on the Palantir concept as a distributed data storage and event handling device for process control.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S09DPP02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S10TS05	A New VME Timing Module: TG8	timing, controls, network, real-time	360
	C.G. Beetham, G. Daems, J.H. Lewis, B. Puccio CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The two accelerator divisions of CERN, namely PS and SL, are defining a new common control system based on PC, VME and Workstations. This has provided an opportunity to review both central timing systems and to come up with common solutions. The result was, amongst others, the design of a unique timing module, called TG8. The TG8 is a multipurpose VME module, which receives messages distributed over a timing network. These messages include timing information, clock plus calendar and telegrams instructing the CERN accelerators on the characteristics of the next beam to be produced. The TG8 compares incoming messages with up to 256 programmed actions. An action consists of two parts, a trigger which matches an incoming message and what to do when the match occurs. The latter part may optionally create an output pulse on one of the eight output channels and/or a bus interrupt, both with programmable delay and telegram conditioning.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S10TS05
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S10TS07	The Timing System of the RFX Nuclear Fusion Experiment	timing, software, experiment, operation	367
	V. Schmidt, G. Flor, G. Manduchi, I. Piacentini Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy V. Schmidt HMI, Berlin, Germany
	The RFX Nuclear Fusion Experiment in Padova, Italy, employs a distributed system to produce precision trigger signals for the fast control of the experiment and for the experiment-wide synchronization of data acquisition channels. The hardware of the system is based on a set of CAMAC modules. The modules have been integrated into a hardware/software system which provides the following features: # generation of pre-programmed timing events, # distribution of asynchronous (not pre-programmed) timing events, # gating of timing event generation by Machine Protection System, # automatic stop of timing sequence in case of highway damage, # dual-speed timebase for transient recorders, # system-wide precision of ¿3 ¿s, time resolution ¿ l0 ¿s. The operation of the timing system is fully integrated into the RFX data acquisition system software. The Timing System Software consists of three layers: the lowest one corresponds directly to the CAMAC modules, the intermediate one provides pseudo-devices which essentially correspond to specific features of the modules (e.g. a dual frequency clock source for transient recorders), the highest level provides system set-up support. The system is fully operational and was first used during the commissioning of the RFX Power Supplies in spring ’91.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S10TS07
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S11LLC04	Driving Serial CAMAC Systems from VME Crates	controls, operation, status, software	386
	W. Heinze CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Large control systems in the 80’s were often based on Serial CAMAC loops driven by 16 bit minicomputers. These 16 bit computers, becoming obsolete in the 90’s, are advantageously replaced by VME crates. To maintain the investment in Serial CAMAC hardware and software, an inexpensive Serial Highway Driver has been developed which operates in a VME crate as simple I/O module. With this system, both classical configurations, i.e. the Highway Driver on the I/O bus of the minicomputer and the Highway Driver in a so-called CAMAC mother crate, can be replaced with minimal costs and improved performance. This paper presents a VME Serial CAMAC Driver and compares the performance of the VME driven Serial Highway to the ones driven by minicomputers. The comparison is based on the experience gained with the beginning of the replacement of Norsk Data minicomputers by VME crates in the CERN/PS control system as described by A. Gagnaire et al. in "Replacing PS Controls front end minicomputers by VME based 32-bit processors" in S11LLC01, this conference.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S11LLC04
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S11LLC07	The KEK PS Fast Beam Loss Monitor System	detector, controls, booster, acceleration	395
	J.A. Holt, D.A. Arakawa, S. Hiramatsu, J. Kishiro, H. Someya KEK, Ibaraki, Japan J.A. Holt Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The higher beam intensities now being accelerated in the KEK proton synchrotron (PS) complex have increased the importance of observing the beam loss during acceleration. The beam loss should be continuously monitored to minimize radiation damage to the accelerator components. A fast loss monitor also is a good tool for observing where and when the beam is lost, by which we are able to get information on the beam dynamics. The development of a fast beam loss monitor system at KEK is described in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S11LLC07
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S13MMI01	Workstations as Consoles for the CERN-PS Complex, Setting-Up the Environment	controls, interface, software, MMI	446
	P. Antonsanti, M. Arruat, J.M. Bouche, L. Cons, Y. Deloose, F. Di Maio CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Within the framework of the rejuvenation project of the CERN control systems, commercial workstations have to replace existing home-designed operator consoles. RISC-based workstations with UNIX®, X-window¿ and OSF/Motif¿ have been introduced for the control of the PS complex. The first versions of general functionalities like synoptic display, program selection and control panels have been implemented and the first large scale application has been realized. This paper describes the different components of the workstation environment for the implementation of the applications. The focus is on the set of tools which have been used, developed or integrated, and on how we plan to make them evolve.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S13MMI01
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S13MMI07	X-Window for Process Control in a Mixed Hardware Environment	controls, vacuum, network, cryogenics	471
	M.R. Clausen, K. Rehlich DESY, Hamburg, Germany
	X-Window is a common standard for display purposes on the current workstations. The possibility to create more than one window on a single screen enables the operators to gain more information about the process. Multiple windows from different control systems using mixed hardware is one of the problems this paper will describe. The experience shows that X-Window is a standard per definition, but not in any case. But it is an excellent tool to separate data-acquisition and display from each other over long distances using different types of hardware and software for communications and display. Our experience with X-Window displays for the cryogenic control system and the vacuum control system at HERA on DEC and SUN hardware will be described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S13MMI07
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S20PD02	Summary of Panel Discussion on Standards and World-Wide Sharing of Software	controls, software, network, database	597
	P.W. Lucas, C.I. Briegel Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA P.N. Clout VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA D.P. Gurd SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA N. Kanaya KEK, Ibaraki, Japan U. Raich CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	It has been a dream in the accelerator community for some time that software developed for one control system be easily transferable to and usable at another. Until recently this goal was seldom realized in practice. This has been primarily because the various control systems have been developed inhouse with little standardization among them. The world of accelerators was dominated until a few years ago by very large machines constructed for doing high energy physics. The large laboratories could likewise afford large controls groups, which were able to build these complete systems from the ground up. However the accelerator scene has now shifted, with a large fraction of the new work being done at much smaller installations, installations which cannot afford the large staffs previously employed in control system production. Different approaches to this problem were outlined in the discussion.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S20PD02
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S20PD03	Panel Discussion on Management of Control Systems	controls, software, experiment, factory	598
	D.S. Barton BNL, Upton, New York, USA W. Busse HMI, Berlin, Germany L. Coffman SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA A. Daneels CERN, Geneva, Switzerland S.-I. Kurokawa KEK, Ibaraki, Japan R.A. Pose JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	In scientific organizations one often encounters the opinion that management is a trivial activity and that project managers enjoy the easy side of the project life, far away from where the real work is. However, examples abound of projects failing to meet their objectives, running behind schedule, overrunning costs, etc., because of poor management. To several aspects which are crucial for the successful completion of a project the attention they deserve has to be paid if the project is to meet its objectives within the constraints that are imposed upon it. Whereas the engineers do things, the manager gets things done; managers are particularly concerned with: # what is planned to be done: i.e. the product which should be delivered, in our case the control system, # how long will the project take: i.e. schedule, # how one will know when the project is finished: completion criteria, # how much will it cost to implement and to maintain: Le. the cost. These issues have been discussed in the panel discussion.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S20PD03
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S21CS01	Issues in Accelerator Controls	controls, software, operation, network	602
	B. Kuiper CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	When attempting to make conference summaries, one is always tempted - and possibly even expected - to "discern" and then to point out the "great lines" of evolution of the subject and then to make predictions, "far sighted" if possible. Of course such an activity is jolly risky since at the beginning of any such trend, a few discernible examples and implementations of one sort, or a new product here and there, do not necessarily make a trend by the time the developments have really taken on, however, the "great line of evolution" has become obvious to just about everyone and chances are that the trend is already approaching its end and that some other trend - at that point with hardly decodable patterns - is already infiltrating the old situation which - since it is by now known - has become comfortable and homely and - thank God - at long last more or less efficiently usable.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S21CS01
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

S01SRA02

Experience Controlling the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex

controls, interface, database, data-acquisition

7

S. Schaller, R. Stuewe, E. Björklund, M.J. Burns, T. Callaway, G.P. Carr, S. Cohen, M. Harrington, D. Kubicek, R. Poore, D. Schultz
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.
In recent years, control system efforts at LAMPF have emphasized the provision of uniform control for the LAMPF linear accelerator and associated beam lines and the Proton Storage Ring and its associated beam lines. The situation is complicated by the presence of several control philosophies in the operator interfaces, data base mechanisms, and front end data acquisition and control interfaces. This paper describes the current system configuration, including the distributed operator interfaces, the data and control sharing between systems, and the use of common accelerator diagnostic software tools. Successes as well as deficiencies of the present system will be discussed with an eye toward future developments.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S01SRA12

Control System for a Heavy-Ion Accelerator Complex K4 - K10

controls, real-time, software, interface

47

V.M. Kotov, R.A. Pose
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

Control systems for newly created accelerators, perhaps for the first time, may be designed almost only around international standards for communication and control techniques. This is also true for the project of a control system for the accelerator complex K4-K10 at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna. Nevertheless, open systems architecture with construction principles being essential for modem systems of such big devices as particle accelerators leaves designers enough possibilities for solving even very sophisticated problems.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA12

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S02SRU01

Future Directions in Controlling the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex at Los Alamos National Laboratory

controls, software, interface, network

50

R. Stuewe, S. Schaller, E. Björklund, M.J. Burns, T. Callaway, G.P. Carr, S. Cohen, D. Kubicek, M. Harrington, R. Poore, D. Schultz
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy.
Four interrelated projects are underway whose purpose is to migrate the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex control systems to a system with a common set of hardware and software components. Project goals address problems in performance, maintenance and growth potential. Front-end hardware, operator interface hardware and software, computer systems, network systems and data system software are being simultaneously upgraded as part of these efforts. The efforts are being coordinated to provide for a smooth and timely migration to a client-server model-based data acquisition and control system. An increased use of distributed intelligence at both the front-end and the operator interface is a key element of the projects.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU01

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S02SRU05

Replacement of the ISIS Control System

controls, software, Ethernet, interface

71

R.P. Mannix, C.J. Barton, D.M. Brownless, J.C. Kerr
RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

In operation since 1985, ISIS is the world’s most powerful pulsed spallation neutron source. The decision has been taken to replace the existing ISIS control system, which has been in use for over ten years. The problems of such a project, given the legacy of processor specific hardware and software are discussed, along with the problems associated with incorporating existing interface hardware into any new system. Present progress using commercial workstation based control software is presented with, an assessment of the benefits and pitfalls of such an approach.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU05

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S02SRU06

Upgrading the Control System for the Accelerators at The Svedberg Laboratory

controls, cyclotron, interface, software

78

K.J. Gajewski, L. Thuresson, O. Johansson
TSL, Uppsala, Sweden

Two accelerators at The Svedberg Laboratory in Uppsala, the Gustaf Werner cyclotron and the CELSIUS ring, will get a new control system. At present both the cyclotron and the ring have their own control systems based on S99 and PDP11 minicomputers respectively. There are also a number of subsystems which are controlled separately from the standalone PC based consoles (ECR ion source, electron cooler, vacuum system). The goal of the rejuvenation is to integrate all existing control systems and provide the new system with an uniform operators interface based on workstations. The obsolete S99 microcomputers will be substituted with a VME system and all subsystems will be connected to the Ethernet. The upgrade strategy enabling the transformation of the system without any long shut-down period is discussed. Hardware and software planned for the upgrade is presented together with a discussion of expected problems.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU06

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S02SRU08

The Rejuvenation of TRISTAN Control System

controls, real-time, operation, software

85

T. Mimashi, J. Urakawa, S.-I. Kurokawa, T. Kawamoto, S. Takeda, A. Akiyama, K. Kudoh, K. Komada, T. Naitoh
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The current TRISTAN accelerator control system uses CAMAC as a front end electronics, and they are controlled by twenty five Hitachi minicomputer HIDIC 80’s which are linked with an N-to-N token ring network. After five years from now, these computers must be replaced. This is because of the life time of control system and we have to cope with the requirements imposed by our future project such as the KEK B-Factory and the main ring photon factory projects. The rejuvenation of this control has to be done under some constraints such as the lack of manpower, limited time and financing. First we review the problems of current control system, then the philosophy of the new generation control system is presented. Finally it is discussed how to move to the new generation control system from the current TRISTAN control system.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU08

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD03

The Computer Control System for the CESR B Factory

controls, interface, operation, database

110

C.R. Strohman, S.B. Peck, D.H. Rice
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by the US National Science Foundation
B factories present unique requirements for controls and instrumentation systems. High reliability is critical to achieving the integrated luminosity goals. The CESR-B upgrade at Cornell University will have a control system based on the architecture of the successful CESR control system, which uses a centralized database/message routing system in a multiported memory, and VAXstations for all high-level control functions. The implementation of this architecture will address the deficiencies in the current implementation while providing the required performance and reliability.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD06

Centralized Multiprocessor Control System for the Frascati Storage Rings DA{Φ}NE

controls, interface, software, LabView

128

G. Di Pirro, C. Milardi, M. Serio, A. Stecchi, L. Trasatti
LNF-INFN, Frascati, Italy
B. Caccia, V. Dante, R. Lomoro, E. Spiriti, S. Valentini
ISS, Rome, Italy

We describe the status of the DANTE (DA¿NE New Tools Environment) control system for the new DA{Φ}NE {Φ}-factory under construction at the Frascati National Laboratories. The system is based on a centralized communication architecture for simplicity and reliability. A central processor unit coordinates all communications between the consoles and the lower level distributed processing power, and continuously updates a central memory that contains the whole machine status. We have developed a system of VME Fiber Optic interfaces allowing very fast point to point communication between distant processors. Macintosh II personal computers are used as consoles. The lower levels are all built using the VME standard.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD06

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD07

The Operator View of the Superconducting at LNS Catania

software, controls, cyclotron, network

131

D. Giove
INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
G. Cuttone, A. Rovelli
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy

The upper level of a distributed control system designed for the superconducting Cyclotron (SC), will be discussed. In particular, we will present a detailed description of the operator view of this accelerator along with the tools for I/O points management, data rappresentations, data archiving and retrieval. A dedicated program, developed by us, working under X-Window will be described as a starting point for a new man-machine interface approach in small laboratories opposed to the first industrial available packages.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD07

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S04SRS02

A PC Based Control System for the CERN ISOLDE Separators

controls, ISOL, Windows, network

162

R. Billinge, A. Bret, I. Deloose, A. Pace, G. Shering
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The control system of the two isotope separators of CERN, named ISOLDE, is being completely redesigned with the goal of having a flexible, high performance and inexpensive system. A new architecture that makes heavy use of the commercial software and hardware available for the huge Personal Computer (PC) market is being implemented on the 1700 geographically distributed control channels of the separators. 8 MS-DOS™ i386-based PCs with about 80 acquisition/control boards are used to access the equipments while 3 other PCs running Microsoft Windows™ and Microsoft Excel™ are used as consoles, the whole through a Novell™ Local Area Network with a PC Disk Server used as a database. This paper describes the interesting solutions found and discusses the reduced programming workload and costs that are expected to build the system before the start of the separators in March 1992.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S04SRS02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S04SRS03

Status of the Control and Beam Diagnostic Systems of the CRYRING Project

controls, detector, timing, diagnostics

167

J. Starker, M. Engström
MSL, Stockholm, Sweden

CRYRING is a facility for research in atomic, molecular and nuclear physics. It uses a cryogenic electron beam ion source, CRYSIS, together with an RFQ linear accelerator as injector into a synchrotron/storage ring for very highly charged, heavy ions. The first circulating beam was achieved in December 1990. The status of the systems for control and beam diagnostics are described.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S04SRS03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S05SRN02

Control System for JAERI Free Electron Laser

controls, FEL, electron, interface

198

M. Sugimoto
JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan

A control system comprising of the personal computers network and the CAMAC stations for the JAERI Free Electron Laser is designed and is in the development stage. It controls the equipment and analyzes the electron and optical beam experiments. The concept and the prototype of the control system are described. The Free Electron Laser (FEL) facility, SCARLET (Superconducting Accelerator for Research of Light Emission at Tokai), is now under construction at JAERI. It is a first step of the FEL program and the aim is the R&D of the superconducting accelerator (SCA) based FEL system in 10-50 µm range. The SCA is employed due to the suitability for the cw operation in the second phase of the project.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S05SRN02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S05SRN10

Hard-and Software for Measurement and Control of the Pulse Thermonuclear Installation

controls, software, experiment, Ethernet

235

V.V. Bulan, V.M. Chikovsky, E.I. Dudorova, A.V. Kartashev, Yu.N. Lusin, A.I. Nebogin, G.M. Oleinik, Yu.V. Papazyan, V.H. Savochkin, V.P. Smirnov, V.I. Zaitsev
I.V. Kurchatov Institute of Atomic Energy, Troitsk, Russia

This paper describes control and measuring systems of the pulse thermonuclear installation "Angara-5". The "Angara-5" operates in a monopulse mode. It takes a long time to prepare the installation to the work shot. The main information flow about the installation output parameters and the target processes comes for 10^-7-10^-8 sec. The measuring-control equipment has a multi-level hierarchy structure where the lower level is local systems controlled by own computers. Measuring systems contain waveform digitizers of different types. The supervisor console system realizes the communications with the local systems, as well as the data acquisition, processing and storage. Hardware and software structures are given. Careful equipment shielding and grounding have provided level of noise 30 mV. Fast signals processing features are discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S05SRN10

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S06SA04

The Software for the CERN LEP Beam Orbit Measurement System

pick-up, operation, software, network

260

G. Morpurgo
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

The Beam Orbit Measurement (BOM) system of LEP consists of 504 pickups, distributed all around the accelerator, that are capable of measuring the positions of the two beams. Their activity has to be synchronised, and the data produced by them have to be collected together, for example to form a "closed orbit measurement" or a "trajectory measurement". On the user side, several clients can access simultaneously the results from this instrument. Au automatic acquisition mode, and an "on request" one, can run in parallel. This results in a very flexible and powerful system. The functionality of the BOM system is fully described, as well as the structure of the software processes which constitute the system, and their interconnections. Problems solved during the implementation are emphasized.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S06SA04

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S07IC02

SPS/LEP Beam Transfer Equipment Control Using Industrial Automation Components

controls, software, interface, electron

274

A. Aimar, J.-L. Bretin, G. Bérard, E. Carlier, J. Dieperink, M. Laffin, V. Mertens, H. Verhagen
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Several control systems for SPS and LEP beam transfer equipment have to be commissioned in the near future. Tools for fast software development, easy maintenance and modifications, compliance with industrial standards, and independence of specific suppliers are considered to be essential. A large fraction of the systems can be realized using off-the-shelf industrial automation components like industrial I/O systems, programmable logic controllers, or diskless PCs. Specific electronics built up in G-64 can be integrated. Diskless systems running UNIX and X Windows are foreseen as process controllers and local access media.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S07IC04

A Front-End System for Industrial Type Controls at the SSC

controls, interface, software, database

283

D.J. Haenni
SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA

The SSC control system is tasked with coordinating the operation of many different accelerator subsystems, a number of which use industrial type process controls. The design of a high-performance control system front end is presented which serves both as a data concentrator and a distributed process controller. In addition it provides strong support for a centra1ized control system architecture, allows for regional control systems, and simplifies the construction of inter-subsystem controls. An implementation of this design will be discussed which uses STD-Bus for accelerator hardware interfacing, a time domain multiplexing (TDM) communications transport system, and a modified reflective memory interface to the rest of the control system.
Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-89ER40486.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC04

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S07IC05

The Influence of Industrial Applications on a Control System Toolbox

database, controls, software, network

287

P.N. Clout
VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA

V system is as an open, advanced software application toolbox for rapidly creating fast, efficient and cost-effective control and data-acquisition systems. V system’s modular architecture is designed for single computers, networked computers and workstations running under VAX/VMS or VAX/ELN. At the heart of Vsystem lies Vaccess, a user extendible real-time database and library of access routines. The application database provides the link to the hardware of the application and can be organized as one database or separate databases installed in different computers on the network. Vsystem has found application in charged particle accelerator control, tokamak control, and industrial research. as well as its more recent industrial applications. This paper describes the broad features of Vsystem and the influence that recent industrial applications have had on the software.

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S08NC01

ARCNET as a Field Bus in the Fermilab Linac Control System

network, controls, linac, software

291

M.F. Shea, R.W. Goodwin, M.J. Kucera, S. Shtirbu
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-76CHO3000
Data acquisition hardware in accelerator control systems is connected by a field bus to networked computers that supply data to consoles. Industry attempts to standardize on a low level field bus have not succeeded in providing a single well supported bus. This paper describes a data acquisition chassis that connects to VMEbus computers using ARCNET, a full featured token-passing local area network, as the field bus. The performance of this technique as implemented in the control system for the Fermilab Linac is given.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC01

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S08NC06

Time and Load Measuring in the SPS/LEP Control System

network, controls, software, timing

310

J. Navratil
Czech Technical University, Prague 6, Czech Republic

This paper describes the experiences with the SPS/LEP Control System during its first operational days from the communication point of view. The results show difference between hardware possibility of the local communication based on the modem technology and the possibility to use it by PC machines. There is also several figures describing the activity on the communication lines.

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S08NC07

The ELETTRA Field Highway System

controls, software, interface, network

313

D. Bulfone, P. Michelini, M. Mignacco
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

ELETTRA is a third generation Synchrotron Light Source under construction in Trieste (Italy); it consists of a full energy linac injector and a storage ring with beam energies between 1.5 and 2 GeV. The ELETTRA control system has a distributed architecture, hierarchically divided into three layers of computers; two network levels provide communication between the adjacent computer layers. The field highway adopted for the connection of the middle-layer local process computers with the bottom-layer equipment interface units is the MIL-1553B multidrop highway. This paper describes the hardware configuration and the main communication services developed on the MIL-15538 field highway for accelerator control. As an additional feature, typical LAN utilities have been added on top of the basic MIL-15538 communication software allowing remote login and file transfer; these tools are currently used for software development in our laboratory.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC07

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S09DPP02

Palantiri: A Distributed Real-Time Database System for Process Control

database, controls, network, real-time

336

B.J. Tummers, W. Heubers
NIKHEF-K, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

The medium-energy accelerator MEA, located in Amsterdam, is controlled by a heterogeneous computer network. A large real-time database contains the parameters involved in the control of the accelerator and the experiments. This database system was implemented about ten years ago and has since been extended several times. In response to increased needs the database system has been redesigned. The new database environment, as described in this paper, consists out of two new concepts: (1) A Palantir which is a per machine process that stores the locally declared data and forwards au non local requests for data access to the appropriate machine. It acts as a storage device for data and a looking glass upon the world. (2) Golems: working units that define the data within the Palantir, and that have knowledge of the hardware they control. Applications access the data of a Golem by name (which do resemble Unix path names). The Palantir that runs on the same machine as the application handles the distribution of access requests. This paper focuses on the Palantir concept as a distributed data storage and event handling device for process control.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S09DPP02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S10TS05

A New VME Timing Module: TG8

timing, controls, network, real-time

360

C.G. Beetham, G. Daems, J.H. Lewis, B. Puccio
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The two accelerator divisions of CERN, namely PS and SL, are defining a new common control system based on PC, VME and Workstations. This has provided an opportunity to review both central timing systems and to come up with common solutions. The result was, amongst others, the design of a unique timing module, called TG8. The TG8 is a multipurpose VME module, which receives messages distributed over a timing network. These messages include timing information, clock plus calendar and telegrams instructing the CERN accelerators on the characteristics of the next beam to be produced. The TG8 compares incoming messages with up to 256 programmed actions. An action consists of two parts, a trigger which matches an incoming message and what to do when the match occurs. The latter part may optionally create an output pulse on one of the eight output channels and/or a bus interrupt, both with programmable delay and telegram conditioning.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S10TS05

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S10TS07

The Timing System of the RFX Nuclear Fusion Experiment

timing, software, experiment, operation

367

V. Schmidt, G. Flor, G. Manduchi, I. Piacentini
Consorzio RFX, Associazione Euratom-ENEA sulla Fusione, Padova, Italy
V. Schmidt
HMI, Berlin, Germany

The RFX Nuclear Fusion Experiment in Padova, Italy, employs a distributed system to produce precision trigger signals for the fast control of the experiment and for the experiment-wide synchronization of data acquisition channels. The hardware of the system is based on a set of CAMAC modules. The modules have been integrated into a hardware/software system which provides the following features: # generation of pre-programmed timing events, # distribution of asynchronous (not pre-programmed) timing events, # gating of timing event generation by Machine Protection System, # automatic stop of timing sequence in case of highway damage, # dual-speed timebase for transient recorders, # system-wide precision of ¿3 ¿s, time resolution ¿ l0 ¿s. The operation of the timing system is fully integrated into the RFX data acquisition system software. The Timing System Software consists of three layers: the lowest one corresponds directly to the CAMAC modules, the intermediate one provides pseudo-devices which essentially correspond to specific features of the modules (e.g. a dual frequency clock source for transient recorders), the highest level provides system set-up support. The system is fully operational and was first used during the commissioning of the RFX Power Supplies in spring ’91.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S10TS07

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S11LLC04

Driving Serial CAMAC Systems from VME Crates

controls, operation, status, software

386

W. Heinze
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Large control systems in the 80’s were often based on Serial CAMAC loops driven by 16 bit minicomputers. These 16 bit computers, becoming obsolete in the 90’s, are advantageously replaced by VME crates. To maintain the investment in Serial CAMAC hardware and software, an inexpensive Serial Highway Driver has been developed which operates in a VME crate as simple I/O module. With this system, both classical configurations, i.e. the Highway Driver on the I/O bus of the minicomputer and the Highway Driver in a so-called CAMAC mother crate, can be replaced with minimal costs and improved performance. This paper presents a VME Serial CAMAC Driver and compares the performance of the VME driven Serial Highway to the ones driven by minicomputers. The comparison is based on the experience gained with the beginning of the replacement of Norsk Data minicomputers by VME crates in the CERN/PS control system as described by A. Gagnaire et al. in "Replacing PS Controls front end minicomputers by VME based 32-bit processors" in S11LLC01, this conference.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S11LLC04

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S11LLC07

The KEK PS Fast Beam Loss Monitor System

detector, controls, booster, acceleration

395

J.A. Holt, D.A. Arakawa, S. Hiramatsu, J. Kishiro, H. Someya
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
J.A. Holt
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The higher beam intensities now being accelerated in the KEK proton synchrotron (PS) complex have increased the importance of observing the beam loss during acceleration. The beam loss should be continuously monitored to minimize radiation damage to the accelerator components. A fast loss monitor also is a good tool for observing where and when the beam is lost, by which we are able to get information on the beam dynamics. The development of a fast beam loss monitor system at KEK is described in this paper.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S11LLC07

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S13MMI01

Workstations as Consoles for the CERN-PS Complex, Setting-Up the Environment

controls, interface, software, MMI

446

P. Antonsanti, M. Arruat, J.M. Bouche, L. Cons, Y. Deloose, F. Di Maio
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Within the framework of the rejuvenation project of the CERN control systems, commercial workstations have to replace existing home-designed operator consoles. RISC-based workstations with UNIX®, X-window¿ and OSF/Motif¿ have been introduced for the control of the PS complex. The first versions of general functionalities like synoptic display, program selection and control panels have been implemented and the first large scale application has been realized. This paper describes the different components of the workstation environment for the implementation of the applications. The focus is on the set of tools which have been used, developed or integrated, and on how we plan to make them evolve.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S13MMI01

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S13MMI07

X-Window for Process Control in a Mixed Hardware Environment

controls, vacuum, network, cryogenics

471

M.R. Clausen, K. Rehlich
DESY, Hamburg, Germany

X-Window is a common standard for display purposes on the current workstations. The possibility to create more than one window on a single screen enables the operators to gain more information about the process. Multiple windows from different control systems using mixed hardware is one of the problems this paper will describe. The experience shows that X-Window is a standard per definition, but not in any case. But it is an excellent tool to separate data-acquisition and display from each other over long distances using different types of hardware and software for communications and display. Our experience with X-Window displays for the cryogenic control system and the vacuum control system at HERA on DEC and SUN hardware will be described.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S13MMI07

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S20PD02

Summary of Panel Discussion on Standards and World-Wide Sharing of Software

controls, software, network, database

597

P.W. Lucas, C.I. Briegel
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
P.N. Clout
VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA
D.P. Gurd
SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA
N. Kanaya
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
U. Raich
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

It has been a dream in the accelerator community for some time that software developed for one control system be easily transferable to and usable at another. Until recently this goal was seldom realized in practice. This has been primarily because the various control systems have been developed inhouse with little standardization among them. The world of accelerators was dominated until a few years ago by very large machines constructed for doing high energy physics. The large laboratories could likewise afford large controls groups, which were able to build these complete systems from the ground up. However the accelerator scene has now shifted, with a large fraction of the new work being done at much smaller installations, installations which cannot afford the large staffs previously employed in control system production. Different approaches to this problem were outlined in the discussion.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S20PD02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S20PD03

Panel Discussion on Management of Control Systems

controls, software, experiment, factory

598

D.S. Barton
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
W. Busse
HMI, Berlin, Germany
L. Coffman
SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA
A. Daneels
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
S.-I. Kurokawa
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
R.A. Pose
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

In scientific organizations one often encounters the opinion that management is a trivial activity and that project managers enjoy the easy side of the project life, far away from where the real work is. However, examples abound of projects failing to meet their objectives, running behind schedule, overrunning costs, etc., because of poor management. To several aspects which are crucial for the successful completion of a project the attention they deserve has to be paid if the project is to meet its objectives within the constraints that are imposed upon it. Whereas the engineers do things, the manager gets things done; managers are particularly concerned with: # what is planned to be done: i.e. the product which should be delivered, in our case the control system, # how long will the project take: i.e. schedule, # how one will know when the project is finished: completion criteria, # how much will it cost to implement and to maintain: Le. the cost. These issues have been discussed in the panel discussion.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S20PD03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S21CS01

Issues in Accelerator Controls

controls, software, operation, network

602

B. Kuiper
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

When attempting to make conference summaries, one is always tempted - and possibly even expected - to "discern" and then to point out the "great lines" of evolution of the subject and then to make predictions, "far sighted" if possible. Of course such an activity is jolly risky since at the beginning of any such trend, a few discernible examples and implementations of one sort, or a new product here and there, do not necessarily make a trend by the time the developments have really taken on, however, the "great line of evolution" has become obvious to just about everyone and chances are that the trend is already approaching its end and that some other trend - at that point with hardly decodable patterns - is already infiltrating the old situation which - since it is by now known - has become comfortable and homely and - thank God - at long last more or less efficiently usable.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S21CS01

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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