ICALEPCS1991 - List of Keywords (database)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
S01SRA02	Experience Controlling the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex	controls, interface, hardware, data-acquisition	7
	S. Schaller, R. Stuewe, E. Björklund, M.J. Burns, T. Callaway, G.P. Carr, S. Cohen, M. Harrington, D. Kubicek, R. Poore, D. Schultz LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. In recent years, control system efforts at LAMPF have emphasized the provision of uniform control for the LAMPF linear accelerator and associated beam lines and the Proton Storage Ring and its associated beam lines. The situation is complicated by the presence of several control philosophies in the operator interfaces, data base mechanisms, and front end data acquisition and control interfaces. This paper describes the current system configuration, including the distributed operator interfaces, the data and control sharing between systems, and the use of common accelerator diagnostic software tools. Successes as well as deficiencies of the present system will be discussed with an eye toward future developments.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S01SRA03	Status Report on the Advanced Light Source Control System	controls, interface, storage-ring, booster	11
	S. Magyary, M.J. Chin, M.P. Fahmie, H. Lancaster, P. Molinari, A. Robb, CA. Timossi, J. Young LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	This paper is a status report on the ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE (ALS) control system. The current status, performance data, and future plans will be discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA03
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S01SRA08	VME Applications to the Daresbury SRS Control System	controls, interface, electron, photon	31
	B.G. Martlew, M. McCarthy, W.R. Rawlinson SERC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	The control system for the Daresbury SRS has recently been extended with a VME based alarm system which is operational. A further development is a steering system to provide servo control of the electron beam orbit position in the storage ring.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA08
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S02SRU04	The Next Generation Control System of GANIL	controls, software, operation, real-time	65
	T.T. Luong, L. David, E. Lécorché, M. Ulrich GANIL, Caen, France
	The existing computer control system of GANIL is being renewed to fulfil the increasing requirements of the accelerator operation. This medium term major improvement is aiming at providing the physicists with a wider range of ion beams of higher quality under more flexible and reliable conditions. This paper gives a short description of the new control system envisioned. It consists of a three layer distributed architecture federating a VAX6000-410NMS host computer, a real time control system made up of a dual host VAX3800 and workstation based operator consoles, and at the frontend segment: VME and CAMAC processors running under the VAXELN operating system, and programmable logic controllers for local controls. The basic issues with regard to architecture, human interface, information management, etc. are discussed. Lastly, first implementations and operation results are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU04
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD01	Controls for the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)	controls, software, injection, power-supply	100
	K.H. Kissler, F. Perriollat, M. Rabany, G. Shering CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	CERN’s planned large superconducting collider project presents several new challenges to the Control System. These are discussed along with current thinking as to how they can be met. The high field superconducting magnets are subject to "persistent currents" which will require real time measurements and control using a mathematical model on a 2-10 second time interval. This may be realised using direct links, multiplexed using TDM, between the field equipment and central servers. Quench control and avoidance will make new demands on speed of response, reliability and surveillance. The integration of large quantities of industrially controlled equipment will be important. Much of the controls will be in common with LEP so a seamless integration of LHC and LEP controls will be sought. A very large amount of new high-tech equipment will have to be tested, assembled and installed in the LEP tunnel in a short time. The manpower and cost constraints will be much tighter than previously. New approaches will have to be found to solve many of these problems, with the additional constraint of integrating them into an existing framework.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD01
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD03	The Computer Control System for the CESR B Factory	controls, interface, operation, hardware	110
	C.R. Strohman, S.B. Peck, D.H. Rice Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the US National Science Foundation B factories present unique requirements for controls and instrumentation systems. High reliability is critical to achieving the integrated luminosity goals. The CESR-B upgrade at Cornell University will have a control system based on the architecture of the successful CESR control system, which uses a centralized database/message routing system in a multiported memory, and VAXstations for all high-level control functions. The implementation of this architecture will address the deficiencies in the current implementation while providing the required performance and reliability.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD03
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD05	The ESRF Control System; Status and Highlights	controls, network, interface, device-server	121
	W.D. Klotz ESRF, Grenoble, France
	The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) will operate a 6 GeV e⁻/e⁺ storage ring of 850 m circumference to deliver to date unprecedented high brilliance X-rays to the European research community. The ESRF is the first member of a new generation of Synchrotron Radiation Sources, in which the brilliance of the beam and the utilization of insertion devices are pushed to their present limits. Commissioning of the facility’s storage ring will start in spring 1992. A full energy injector, consisting of a 200 MeV linear preinjector and a 6GeV fast cycling synchrotron (l0 Hz) of 350 m circumference have been successfully commissioned during the last months. The machine control system for this facility, which is under construction since 1988, is still under development, but its initial on-site operation this year has clearly made easier the commissioning of the preinjector plant. A description of the current system is given and application software for start-up is briefly described.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD05
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD10	Present Status of Control System at the SRRC	controls, software, synchrotron, interface	143
	G.J. Jan, J. Chen, C.J. Chen, C.S. Wang NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan C.S. Wang NTUT, Taipei, Taiwan
	The modern control technique was used to design and set up a control system for the synchrotron radiation facilities at the synchrotron radiation research center (SRRC). This control system will be finally to operate the dedicated machine to provide the 1.3 GeV synchrotron radiation light. The control system will control and monitor the components of storage ring, beam transport and injector system. The concept of the philosophy is to design a unique, simple structure and object-oriented graphic display control system. The SRRC control system has the major features such as two level architecture, high speed local area network with high level protocol, high speed microprocessor based VME crate, object-oriented high performance control console and graphic display. The computer hardware system was set up and tested. The software in top level computers which include database server, network server, upload program, data access program, alarm checking and display, as well as graphics user interface (GUI) program were developed and tested.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD10
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S03SRD11	Status Report on Control System Development for PLS	controls, network, interface, software	147
	S.C. Won, S.-S. Chang, J. Huang, J.W. Lee, J. Lee, J.H. Kirn PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: Work supported by Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. (POSCO) and Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Government of Republic of Korea. Emphasizing reliability and flexibility, hierarchical architecture with distributed computers have been designed into the Pohang Light Source (PLS) computer control system. The PLS control system has four layers of computer systems connected via multiple data communication networks. This paper presents an overview of the PLS control system. The accelerator control system provides means for accessing all machine components so that the whole system could be monitored and controlled remotely. These tasks include setting magnet currents, collecting status data from the vacuum subsystem, taking orbit data with beam position monitors, feedback control of electron beam orbit, regulating the safety interlock monitors, and so forth. To design a control system which can perform these functions satisfactorily, certain basic design requirements must be fulfilled. Among these are reliability, capability, expa.nsibility, cost control, and ease of operation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD11
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S05SRN03	Control Software for the ESO VLT	controls, software, distributed, operation	202
	G. Raffi ESO, Garching bei Muenchen, Germany
	The Very Large Telescope (VLT) project of ESO consists of an array of four optical telescopes of 8 m diameter, to be installed at a new site in the Atacama desert in Chile starting in 1995. The control software is completely distributed, being based on LANs interconnecting microprocessors and workstations, where several users and operators will be active at the same time. Microprocessors are used in a variety of control functions, including the active control of the shape of the main mirror and compensation for atmospheric turbulence. Dedicated links and antennas are planned for direct communication and remote observation from various European centers. The main concepts and novelties of the software design are explained.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S05SRN03
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S06SA02	Ideas on a Generic Control Systems Based on the Experience on the 4 LEP Experiments Control System	controls, software, experiment, detector	246
	R. Barillère, J.-M. Le Goff, H. Milcent, R. Stampfli CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	Most of the large slow control systems in the LEP collider experiments are distributed heterogeneous and multi-standard. But in spite of the appearances, they have a lot in common. From our direct experience on the L-3 slow control system and from the informations we obtained on the 3 other LEP experiments control systems we have come to the conclusion that it should be possible to build a Generic Control Package from which any control system could be derived. This software package is entirely based on relational databases and is intended to provide all the necessary tools to build a modular, coherent, easy to update and to maintain control system. Among other things this package should include user friendly interfaces, expert systems, and powerful graphic monitoring and control tools. This paper will present our general ideas about the realization of such a package.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S06SA02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S06SA03	The LEP Alarm System	controls, software, interface, operation	254
	M.W. Tyrrell CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Unlike alarm systems for previous accelerators, the LEP alarm system caters not only for the operation of the accelerator but also for technical services and provides the direct channel for personnel safety. It was commissioned during 1989 and has seen a continued development up to the present day. The system, comprising over 50 computers including 5 different platforms and 4 different operating systems, is described. The hierarchical structure of the software is outlined from the interface to the equipment groups, through the front end computers to the central server, and finally to the operator consoles. Reasons are given for choosing a conventional, as opposed to a ’knowledge based’ approach. Finally, references are made to a prototype real time expert system for surveying the power converters of LEP, which was conducted during 1990 as part of the alarm development program.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S06SA03
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S07IC03	EPICS Architecture	controls, EPICS, distributed, network	278
	L.R. Dalesio, A.J. Kozubal LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA M.R. Kraimer ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work at LANL supported and funded under the Department of Defense. US Army Strategic Defense Command. under the auspices of the Department of Energy.<br /> Work at ANL supported by U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No W-31-109-ENG-38. The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) provides control and data acquisition for the experimental physics community. Because the capabilities required by the experimental physics community for control were not available through industry, we began the design and implementation of EPICS. It is a distributed process control system built on a software communication bus. The functional subsystems, which provide data acquisition, supervisory control, closed loop control, archiving, and alarm management, greatly reduce the need for programming. Sequential control is provided through a sequential control language, allowing the implementer to express state diagrams easily. Data analysis of the archived data is provided through an interactive tool. The timing system provides distributed synchronization for control and time stamped data for data correlation across nodes in the network. The system is scalable from a single test station with a low channel count to a large distributed network with thousands of channels. The functions provided to the physics applications have proven helpful to the experiments while greatly reducing the time to deliver controls.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC03
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S07IC04	A Front-End System for Industrial Type Controls at the SSC	controls, interface, hardware, software	283
	D.J. Haenni SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA
	The SSC control system is tasked with coordinating the operation of many different accelerator subsystems, a number of which use industrial type process controls. The design of a high-performance control system front end is presented which serves both as a data concentrator and a distributed process controller. In addition it provides strong support for a centra1ized control system architecture, allows for regional control systems, and simplifies the construction of inter-subsystem controls. An implementation of this design will be discussed which uses STD-Bus for accelerator hardware interfacing, a time domain multiplexing (TDM) communications transport system, and a modified reflective memory interface to the rest of the control system. Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-89ER40486.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC04
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S07IC05	The Influence of Industrial Applications on a Control System Toolbox	controls, hardware, software, network	287
	P.N. Clout VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA
	V system is as an open, advanced software application toolbox for rapidly creating fast, efficient and cost-effective control and data-acquisition systems. V system’s modular architecture is designed for single computers, networked computers and workstations running under VAX/VMS or VAX/ELN. At the heart of Vsystem lies Vaccess, a user extendible real-time database and library of access routines. The application database provides the link to the hardware of the application and can be organized as one database or separate databases installed in different computers on the network. Vsystem has found application in charged particle accelerator control, tokamak control, and industrial research. as well as its more recent industrial applications. This paper describes the broad features of Vsystem and the influence that recent industrial applications have had on the software.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC05
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S08NC10	Network Performance for Graphical Control Systems	network, controls, real-time, software	326
	P.N. Clout, M. Geib, R. Westervelt VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA
	Vsystem is a toolbox for building graphically-based control systems. The real-time database component, Vaccess, includes all the networking support necessary to build multi-computer control systems. Vaccess has two modes of database access, synchronous and asynchronous. Vdraw is another component of Vsystem that allows developers and users to develop control screens and windows by drawing rather than programming. Based on Xwindows, Vsystem provides the possibility of running Vdraw either on the workstation with the graphics or on the computer with the database. We have made some measurements on the cpu loading, elapsed time and the network loading to give some guidance in system configuration performance. It will be seen that asynchronous network access gives large performance increases and that the network database change notification protocol can be either more or less efficient than the X-window network protocol, depending on the graphical representation of the data.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC10
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S08NC11	A New Approach in Development of Data Flow Control and Investigation System for Computer Networks	network, controls, software, experiment	329
	I. Frolov, A. Silin, A.I. Vaguine MRI, Moscow, Russia
	Seven years ago we started the development of a new control system for an experimental electron accelerator in our institute. This paper describes a new approach in development of data flow control and investigation system for computer networks. This approach was developed and applied in the Moscow Radiotechnical Institute for control and investigations of Institute computer network. It allowed us to solve our network current problems successfully. Description of our approach is represented below along with the most interesting results of our work.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC11
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S09DPP02	Palantiri: A Distributed Real-Time Database System for Process Control	controls, hardware, network, real-time	336
	B.J. Tummers, W. Heubers NIKHEF-K, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
	The medium-energy accelerator MEA, located in Amsterdam, is controlled by a heterogeneous computer network. A large real-time database contains the parameters involved in the control of the accelerator and the experiments. This database system was implemented about ten years ago and has since been extended several times. In response to increased needs the database system has been redesigned. The new database environment, as described in this paper, consists out of two new concepts: (1) A Palantir which is a per machine process that stores the locally declared data and forwards au non local requests for data access to the appropriate machine. It acts as a storage device for data and a looking glass upon the world. (2) Golems: working units that define the data within the Palantir, and that have knowledge of the hardware they control. Applications access the data of a Golem by name (which do resemble Unix path names). The Palantir that runs on the same machine as the application handles the distribution of access requests. This paper focuses on the Palantir concept as a distributed data storage and event handling device for process control.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S09DPP02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S12FC02	Generalized Fast Feedback System in the SLC	feedback, controls, software, linac	414
	L. Hendrickson, S. Allison, T. Gromme, T.M. Himel, K.E. Krauter, R.C. Sass, H. Shoaee SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA F. Rouse UCD, Davis, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC03-76SF00515. A generalized fast feedback system has been developed to stabilize beams at various locations in the SLC. The system is designed to perform measurements and change actuator settings to control beam states such as position, angle and energy on a pulse to pulse basis. The software design is based on the state space formalism of digital control theory. The system is database-driven, facilitating the addition of new loops without requiring additional software. A communications system, KISNet, provides fast communications links between microprocessors for feedback loops which involve multiple micros. Feedback loops have been installed in seventeen locations throughout the SLC and have proven to be invaluable in stabilizing the machine.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S12FC02
About •	Received ※ 10 October 1991 — Accepted ※ 02 January 1992 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S13MMI04	The Elettra Man-Machine Interface	controls, interface, GUI, software	460
	F. Potepan, M. Mignacco, G. Surace Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
	ELETTRA is a third generation Synchrotron Light Source under construction in Trieste (Italy), with beam energies between 1.5 and 2 GeV. Two networks connect three layers of computers in a fully distributed architecture. An ergonomic and unified approach in the realization of the human interface for the ELETTRA storage ring has led to the adoption of artificial reality criteria for the definition of the system synoptic representation and user interaction. Users can navigate inside a graphic database of the whole system and interactively edit specific virtual control panels to operate on the controlled equipment. UNIX workstations with extended graphic capabilities as operator consoles are used in the implementation of the PSI (Programmable Synoptic Interface), that was developed on top of X11 and the Programmer’s Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS) standards.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S13MMI04
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S14OOP05	An Object-Oriented Implementation of the TRIUMF 92 MHz Booster Cavity Control System	controls, booster, cyclotron, cavity	520
	N.A. Wilkinson, G.A. Ludgate TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	A 92 MHz auxiliary accelerating cavity has been designed for installation inside the 1RIUMF cyclotron, operating up to a maximum peak voltage of 200 kV. The cavity doubles the energy gain per turn for accelerating hydrogen ions in the energy region of 400-500 MeV, and reduces by 50 % the stripping loss of the ion beam. The control system for the booster comprises a PC-based processor in a VME crate, for local control, and a 68030 processor with an Ethernet connection as the interface to the TRIUMF Central Control System. The requirements for the booster control system were established by an object-oriented requirements analysis. Afterward, an object-oriented architectural design step was used to produce the processor allocation of the design, which was then implemented using C, for the VME processor, and a commercial database and screen generator product, for the VAX user interface.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S14OOP05
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S15CSE01	CASE in CERN’s Accelerator Sector	software, controls, real-time, survey	528
	A. Daneels, A. Albrecht, A. Cabas-Alonso, F. Chevrier, Ch. Delamare, G. Ferran, S. Foffano, P. Heymans, D. Manglunki, Y. Marti, J.P. Matheys, D.P. Missiaen, G. Moorhead, O. Novakov, T. Pettersson, J. Poole, M. Pozzato, J.-P. Quesnel, S. Santiago, J. Schinzel, N. Segura-Chinchilla, C.H. Sicard CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	As in the software industry where computer aided software engineering (CASE) methodologies and tools are commonly used, CERN endeavours to introduce this technology to improve the efficiency of designing, producing and maintaining software. A large project is currently under development in the administrative area whereas a dedicated group has been set up to evaluate state of the art techniques for software development relating to physics experiments. A similar activity, though on a smaller scale, has been initiated in the accelerator sector also in view of the large amount of software that will be required by the LEP200 and the LHC projects. This paper briefly describes this technology and gives an account of current experience with the use of CASE methods and tools for technical projects in the accelerator sector at CERN.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S15CSE01
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S15CSE02	Automation from Pictures: Producting Real Time Code from a State Transition Diagram	controls, real-time, interface, software	535
	A.J. Kozubal LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported and funded under the Department of Defense, US Army Strategic Defense Command, under the auspices of the Department of Energy. The state transition diagram (STD) model has been helpful in the design of real time software, especially with the emergence of graphical computer aided software engineering (CASE) tools. Nevertheless, the translation of the STD to real time code has in the past been primarily a manual task. At Los Alamos we have automated this process. The designer constructs the STD using a CASE tool (Cadre Teamwork) using a special notation for events and actions. A translator converts the STD into an intermediate state notation language (SNL), and this SNL is compiled directly into C code (a state program). Execution of the state program is driven by external events, allowing multiple state programs to effectively share the resources of the host processor. Since the design and the code are tightly integrated through the CASE tool, the design and code never diverge, and we avoid design obsolescence. Furthermore, the CASE tool automates the production of formal technical documents from the graphic description encapsulated by the CASE tool.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S15CSE02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S16MS01	SSC Lattice Database and Graphical Interface	lattice, interface, software, collider	538
	C.G. Trahern, J. Zhou SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA
	Funding: Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC35-89ER40486. The SSC lattice database and the graphical tools used to access it are discussed. When completed the Superconducting Super Collider will be the world’s largest accelerator complex. In order to build this system on schedule, the use of database technologies will be essential. In this paper we discuss one of the database efforts underway at the SSC, the lattice database. The original work on this database system began at the SSC Central Design Group and is described in a report by E. Barr, S. Peggs, and C. Saltmarsh in March 1989. Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC35-89ER40486.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S16MS01
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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S20PD02	Summary of Panel Discussion on Standards and World-Wide Sharing of Software	controls, software, network, hardware	597
	P.W. Lucas, C.I. Briegel Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA P.N. Clout VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA D.P. Gurd SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA N. Kanaya KEK, Ibaraki, Japan U. Raich CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland
	It has been a dream in the accelerator community for some time that software developed for one control system be easily transferable to and usable at another. Until recently this goal was seldom realized in practice. This has been primarily because the various control systems have been developed inhouse with little standardization among them. The world of accelerators was dominated until a few years ago by very large machines constructed for doing high energy physics. The large laboratories could likewise afford large controls groups, which were able to build these complete systems from the ground up. However the accelerator scene has now shifted, with a large fraction of the new work being done at much smaller installations, installations which cannot afford the large staffs previously employed in control system production. Different approaches to this problem were outlined in the discussion.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S20PD02
About •	Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

S01SRA02

Experience Controlling the LAMPF-PSR Accelerator Complex

controls, interface, hardware, data-acquisition

7

S. Schaller, R. Stuewe, E. Björklund, M.J. Burns, T. Callaway, G.P. Carr, S. Cohen, M. Harrington, D. Kubicek, R. Poore, D. Schultz
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.
In recent years, control system efforts at LAMPF have emphasized the provision of uniform control for the LAMPF linear accelerator and associated beam lines and the Proton Storage Ring and its associated beam lines. The situation is complicated by the presence of several control philosophies in the operator interfaces, data base mechanisms, and front end data acquisition and control interfaces. This paper describes the current system configuration, including the distributed operator interfaces, the data and control sharing between systems, and the use of common accelerator diagnostic software tools. Successes as well as deficiencies of the present system will be discussed with an eye toward future developments.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S01SRA03

Status Report on the Advanced Light Source Control System

controls, interface, storage-ring, booster

11

S. Magyary, M.J. Chin, M.P. Fahmie, H. Lancaster, P. Molinari, A. Robb, CA. Timossi, J. Young
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

This paper is a status report on the ADVANCED LIGHT SOURCE (ALS) control system. The current status, performance data, and future plans will be discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S01SRA08

VME Applications to the Daresbury SRS Control System

controls, interface, electron, photon

31

B.G. Martlew, M. McCarthy, W.R. Rawlinson
SERC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

The control system for the Daresbury SRS has recently been extended with a VME based alarm system which is operational. A further development is a steering system to provide servo control of the electron beam orbit position in the storage ring.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S01SRA08

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S02SRU04

The Next Generation Control System of GANIL

controls, software, operation, real-time

65

T.T. Luong, L. David, E. Lécorché, M. Ulrich
GANIL, Caen, France

The existing computer control system of GANIL is being renewed to fulfil the increasing requirements of the accelerator operation. This medium term major improvement is aiming at providing the physicists with a wider range of ion beams of higher quality under more flexible and reliable conditions. This paper gives a short description of the new control system envisioned. It consists of a three layer distributed architecture federating a VAX6000-410NMS host computer, a real time control system made up of a dual host VAX3800 and workstation based operator consoles, and at the frontend segment: VME and CAMAC processors running under the VAXELN operating system, and programmable logic controllers for local controls. The basic issues with regard to architecture, human interface, information management, etc. are discussed. Lastly, first implementations and operation results are presented.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S02SRU04

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD01

Controls for the CERN Large Hadron Collider (LHC)

controls, software, injection, power-supply

100

K.H. Kissler, F. Perriollat, M. Rabany, G. Shering
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

CERN’s planned large superconducting collider project presents several new challenges to the Control System. These are discussed along with current thinking as to how they can be met. The high field superconducting magnets are subject to "persistent currents" which will require real time measurements and control using a mathematical model on a 2-10 second time interval. This may be realised using direct links, multiplexed using TDM, between the field equipment and central servers. Quench control and avoidance will make new demands on speed of response, reliability and surveillance. The integration of large quantities of industrially controlled equipment will be important. Much of the controls will be in common with LEP so a seamless integration of LHC and LEP controls will be sought. A very large amount of new high-tech equipment will have to be tested, assembled and installed in the LEP tunnel in a short time. The manpower and cost constraints will be much tighter than previously. New approaches will have to be found to solve many of these problems, with the additional constraint of integrating them into an existing framework.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD01

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD03

The Computer Control System for the CESR B Factory

controls, interface, operation, hardware

110

C.R. Strohman, S.B. Peck, D.H. Rice
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by the US National Science Foundation
B factories present unique requirements for controls and instrumentation systems. High reliability is critical to achieving the integrated luminosity goals. The CESR-B upgrade at Cornell University will have a control system based on the architecture of the successful CESR control system, which uses a centralized database/message routing system in a multiported memory, and VAXstations for all high-level control functions. The implementation of this architecture will address the deficiencies in the current implementation while providing the required performance and reliability.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD05

The ESRF Control System; Status and Highlights

controls, network, interface, device-server

121

W.D. Klotz
ESRF, Grenoble, France

The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF) will operate a 6 GeV e⁻/e⁺ storage ring of 850 m circumference to deliver to date unprecedented high brilliance X-rays to the European research community. The ESRF is the first member of a new generation of Synchrotron Radiation Sources, in which the brilliance of the beam and the utilization of insertion devices are pushed to their present limits. Commissioning of the facility’s storage ring will start in spring 1992. A full energy injector, consisting of a 200 MeV linear preinjector and a 6GeV fast cycling synchrotron (l0 Hz) of 350 m circumference have been successfully commissioned during the last months. The machine control system for this facility, which is under construction since 1988, is still under development, but its initial on-site operation this year has clearly made easier the commissioning of the preinjector plant. A description of the current system is given and application software for start-up is briefly described.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD05

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD10

Present Status of Control System at the SRRC

controls, software, synchrotron, interface

143

G.J. Jan, J. Chen, C.J. Chen, C.S. Wang
NSRRC, Hsinchu, Taiwan
C.S. Wang
NTUT, Taipei, Taiwan

The modern control technique was used to design and set up a control system for the synchrotron radiation facilities at the synchrotron radiation research center (SRRC). This control system will be finally to operate the dedicated machine to provide the 1.3 GeV synchrotron radiation light. The control system will control and monitor the components of storage ring, beam transport and injector system. The concept of the philosophy is to design a unique, simple structure and object-oriented graphic display control system. The SRRC control system has the major features such as two level architecture, high speed local area network with high level protocol, high speed microprocessor based VME crate, object-oriented high performance control console and graphic display. The computer hardware system was set up and tested. The software in top level computers which include database server, network server, upload program, data access program, alarm checking and display, as well as graphics user interface (GUI) program were developed and tested.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD10

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S03SRD11

Status Report on Control System Development for PLS

controls, network, interface, software

147

S.C. Won, S.-S. Chang, J. Huang, J.W. Lee, J. Lee, J.H. Kirn
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: Work supported by Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. (POSCO) and Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST), Government of Republic of Korea.
Emphasizing reliability and flexibility, hierarchical architecture with distributed computers have been designed into the Pohang Light Source (PLS) computer control system. The PLS control system has four layers of computer systems connected via multiple data communication networks. This paper presents an overview of the PLS control system. The accelerator control system provides means for accessing all machine components so that the whole system could be monitored and controlled remotely. These tasks include setting magnet currents, collecting status data from the vacuum subsystem, taking orbit data with beam position monitors, feedback control of electron beam orbit, regulating the safety interlock monitors, and so forth. To design a control system which can perform these functions satisfactorily, certain basic design requirements must be fulfilled. Among these are reliability, capability, expa.nsibility, cost control, and ease of operation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S03SRD11

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S05SRN03

Control Software for the ESO VLT

controls, software, distributed, operation

202

G. Raffi
ESO, Garching bei Muenchen, Germany

The Very Large Telescope (VLT) project of ESO consists of an array of four optical telescopes of 8 m diameter, to be installed at a new site in the Atacama desert in Chile starting in 1995. The control software is completely distributed, being based on LANs interconnecting microprocessors and workstations, where several users and operators will be active at the same time. Microprocessors are used in a variety of control functions, including the active control of the shape of the main mirror and compensation for atmospheric turbulence. Dedicated links and antennas are planned for direct communication and remote observation from various European centers. The main concepts and novelties of the software design are explained.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S05SRN03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S06SA02

Ideas on a Generic Control Systems Based on the Experience on the 4 LEP Experiments Control System

controls, software, experiment, detector

246

R. Barillère, J.-M. Le Goff, H. Milcent, R. Stampfli
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

Most of the large slow control systems in the LEP collider experiments are distributed heterogeneous and multi-standard. But in spite of the appearances, they have a lot in common. From our direct experience on the L-3 slow control system and from the informations we obtained on the 3 other LEP experiments control systems we have come to the conclusion that it should be possible to build a Generic Control Package from which any control system could be derived. This software package is entirely based on relational databases and is intended to provide all the necessary tools to build a modular, coherent, easy to update and to maintain control system. Among other things this package should include user friendly interfaces, expert systems, and powerful graphic monitoring and control tools. This paper will present our general ideas about the realization of such a package.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S06SA02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S06SA03

The LEP Alarm System

controls, software, interface, operation

254

M.W. Tyrrell
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Unlike alarm systems for previous accelerators, the LEP alarm system caters not only for the operation of the accelerator but also for technical services and provides the direct channel for personnel safety. It was commissioned during 1989 and has seen a continued development up to the present day. The system, comprising over 50 computers including 5 different platforms and 4 different operating systems, is described. The hierarchical structure of the software is outlined from the interface to the equipment groups, through the front end computers to the central server, and finally to the operator consoles. Reasons are given for choosing a conventional, as opposed to a ’knowledge based’ approach. Finally, references are made to a prototype real time expert system for surveying the power converters of LEP, which was conducted during 1990 as part of the alarm development program.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S06SA03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S07IC03

EPICS Architecture

controls, EPICS, distributed, network

278

L.R. Dalesio, A.J. Kozubal
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
M.R. Kraimer
ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work at LANL supported and funded under the Department of Defense. US Army Strategic Defense Command. under the auspices of the Department of Energy.<br /> Work at ANL supported by U.S. Dept. of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No W-31-109-ENG-38.
The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) provides control and data acquisition for the experimental physics community. Because the capabilities required by the experimental physics community for control were not available through industry, we began the design and implementation of EPICS. It is a distributed process control system built on a software communication bus. The functional subsystems, which provide data acquisition, supervisory control, closed loop control, archiving, and alarm management, greatly reduce the need for programming. Sequential control is provided through a sequential control language, allowing the implementer to express state diagrams easily. Data analysis of the archived data is provided through an interactive tool. The timing system provides distributed synchronization for control and time stamped data for data correlation across nodes in the network. The system is scalable from a single test station with a low channel count to a large distributed network with thousands of channels. The functions provided to the physics applications have proven helpful to the experiments while greatly reducing the time to deliver controls.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC03

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S07IC04

A Front-End System for Industrial Type Controls at the SSC

controls, interface, hardware, software

283

D.J. Haenni
SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA

The SSC control system is tasked with coordinating the operation of many different accelerator subsystems, a number of which use industrial type process controls. The design of a high-performance control system front end is presented which serves both as a data concentrator and a distributed process controller. In addition it provides strong support for a centra1ized control system architecture, allows for regional control systems, and simplifies the construction of inter-subsystem controls. An implementation of this design will be discussed which uses STD-Bus for accelerator hardware interfacing, a time domain multiplexing (TDM) communications transport system, and a modified reflective memory interface to the rest of the control system.
Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-89ER40486.

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S07IC05

The Influence of Industrial Applications on a Control System Toolbox

controls, hardware, software, network

287

P.N. Clout
VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA

V system is as an open, advanced software application toolbox for rapidly creating fast, efficient and cost-effective control and data-acquisition systems. V system’s modular architecture is designed for single computers, networked computers and workstations running under VAX/VMS or VAX/ELN. At the heart of Vsystem lies Vaccess, a user extendible real-time database and library of access routines. The application database provides the link to the hardware of the application and can be organized as one database or separate databases installed in different computers on the network. Vsystem has found application in charged particle accelerator control, tokamak control, and industrial research. as well as its more recent industrial applications. This paper describes the broad features of Vsystem and the influence that recent industrial applications have had on the software.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S07IC05

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S08NC10

Network Performance for Graphical Control Systems

network, controls, real-time, software

326

P.N. Clout, M. Geib, R. Westervelt
VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA

Vsystem is a toolbox for building graphically-based control systems. The real-time database component, Vaccess, includes all the networking support necessary to build multi-computer control systems. Vaccess has two modes of database access, synchronous and asynchronous. Vdraw is another component of Vsystem that allows developers and users to develop control screens and windows by drawing rather than programming. Based on Xwindows, Vsystem provides the possibility of running Vdraw either on the workstation with the graphics or on the computer with the database. We have made some measurements on the cpu loading, elapsed time and the network loading to give some guidance in system configuration performance. It will be seen that asynchronous network access gives large performance increases and that the network database change notification protocol can be either more or less efficient than the X-window network protocol, depending on the graphical representation of the data.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC10

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S08NC11

A New Approach in Development of Data Flow Control and Investigation System for Computer Networks

network, controls, software, experiment

329

I. Frolov, A. Silin, A.I. Vaguine
MRI, Moscow, Russia

Seven years ago we started the development of a new control system for an experimental electron accelerator in our institute. This paper describes a new approach in development of data flow control and investigation system for computer networks. This approach was developed and applied in the Moscow Radiotechnical Institute for control and investigations of Institute computer network. It allowed us to solve our network current problems successfully. Description of our approach is represented below along with the most interesting results of our work.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S08NC11

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S09DPP02

Palantiri: A Distributed Real-Time Database System for Process Control

controls, hardware, network, real-time

336

B.J. Tummers, W. Heubers
NIKHEF-K, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

The medium-energy accelerator MEA, located in Amsterdam, is controlled by a heterogeneous computer network. A large real-time database contains the parameters involved in the control of the accelerator and the experiments. This database system was implemented about ten years ago and has since been extended several times. In response to increased needs the database system has been redesigned. The new database environment, as described in this paper, consists out of two new concepts: (1) A Palantir which is a per machine process that stores the locally declared data and forwards au non local requests for data access to the appropriate machine. It acts as a storage device for data and a looking glass upon the world. (2) Golems: working units that define the data within the Palantir, and that have knowledge of the hardware they control. Applications access the data of a Golem by name (which do resemble Unix path names). The Palantir that runs on the same machine as the application handles the distribution of access requests. This paper focuses on the Palantir concept as a distributed data storage and event handling device for process control.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S09DPP02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S12FC02

Generalized Fast Feedback System in the SLC

feedback, controls, software, linac

414

L. Hendrickson, S. Allison, T. Gromme, T.M. Himel, K.E. Krauter, R.C. Sass, H. Shoaee
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
F. Rouse
UCD, Davis, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE-AC03-76SF00515.
A generalized fast feedback system has been developed to stabilize beams at various locations in the SLC. The system is designed to perform measurements and change actuator settings to control beam states such as position, angle and energy on a pulse to pulse basis. The software design is based on the state space formalism of digital control theory. The system is database-driven, facilitating the addition of new loops without requiring additional software. A communications system, KISNet, provides fast communications links between microprocessors for feedback loops which involve multiple micros. Feedback loops have been installed in seventeen locations throughout the SLC and have proven to be invaluable in stabilizing the machine.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S12FC02

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Received ※ 10 October 1991 — Accepted ※ 02 January 1992 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S13MMI04

The Elettra Man-Machine Interface

controls, interface, GUI, software

460

F. Potepan, M. Mignacco, G. Surace
Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy

ELETTRA is a third generation Synchrotron Light Source under construction in Trieste (Italy), with beam energies between 1.5 and 2 GeV. Two networks connect three layers of computers in a fully distributed architecture. An ergonomic and unified approach in the realization of the human interface for the ELETTRA storage ring has led to the adoption of artificial reality criteria for the definition of the system synoptic representation and user interaction. Users can navigate inside a graphic database of the whole system and interactively edit specific virtual control panels to operate on the controlled equipment. UNIX workstations with extended graphic capabilities as operator consoles are used in the implementation of the PSI (Programmable Synoptic Interface), that was developed on top of X11 and the Programmer’s Hierarchical Interactive Graphics System (PHIGS) standards.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S13MMI04

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S14OOP05

An Object-Oriented Implementation of the TRIUMF 92 MHz Booster Cavity Control System

controls, booster, cyclotron, cavity

520

N.A. Wilkinson, G.A. Ludgate
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

A 92 MHz auxiliary accelerating cavity has been designed for installation inside the 1RIUMF cyclotron, operating up to a maximum peak voltage of 200 kV. The cavity doubles the energy gain per turn for accelerating hydrogen ions in the energy region of 400-500 MeV, and reduces by 50 % the stripping loss of the ion beam. The control system for the booster comprises a PC-based processor in a VME crate, for local control, and a 68030 processor with an Ethernet connection as the interface to the TRIUMF Central Control System. The requirements for the booster control system were established by an object-oriented requirements analysis. Afterward, an object-oriented architectural design step was used to produce the processor allocation of the design, which was then implemented using C, for the VME processor, and a commercial database and screen generator product, for the VAX user interface.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S14OOP05

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S15CSE01

CASE in CERN’s Accelerator Sector

software, controls, real-time, survey

528

A. Daneels, A. Albrecht, A. Cabas-Alonso, F. Chevrier, Ch. Delamare, G. Ferran, S. Foffano, P. Heymans, D. Manglunki, Y. Marti, J.P. Matheys, D.P. Missiaen, G. Moorhead, O. Novakov, T. Pettersson, J. Poole, M. Pozzato, J.-P. Quesnel, S. Santiago, J. Schinzel, N. Segura-Chinchilla, C.H. Sicard
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

As in the software industry where computer aided software engineering (CASE) methodologies and tools are commonly used, CERN endeavours to introduce this technology to improve the efficiency of designing, producing and maintaining software. A large project is currently under development in the administrative area whereas a dedicated group has been set up to evaluate state of the art techniques for software development relating to physics experiments. A similar activity, though on a smaller scale, has been initiated in the accelerator sector also in view of the large amount of software that will be required by the LEP200 and the LHC projects. This paper briefly describes this technology and gives an account of current experience with the use of CASE methods and tools for technical projects in the accelerator sector at CERN.

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reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S15CSE01

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S15CSE02

Automation from Pictures: Producting Real Time Code from a State Transition Diagram

controls, real-time, interface, software

535

A.J. Kozubal
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported and funded under the Department of Defense, US Army Strategic Defense Command, under the auspices of the Department of Energy.
The state transition diagram (STD) model has been helpful in the design of real time software, especially with the emergence of graphical computer aided software engineering (CASE) tools. Nevertheless, the translation of the STD to real time code has in the past been primarily a manual task. At Los Alamos we have automated this process. The designer constructs the STD using a CASE tool (Cadre Teamwork) using a special notation for events and actions. A translator converts the STD into an intermediate state notation language (SNL), and this SNL is compiled directly into C code (a state program). Execution of the state program is driven by external events, allowing multiple state programs to effectively share the resources of the host processor. Since the design and the code are tightly integrated through the CASE tool, the design and code never diverge, and we avoid design obsolescence. Furthermore, the CASE tool automates the production of formal technical documents from the graphic description encapsulated by the CASE tool.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S15CSE02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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S16MS01

SSC Lattice Database and Graphical Interface

lattice, interface, software, collider

538

C.G. Trahern, J. Zhou
SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA

Funding: Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC35-89ER40486.
The SSC lattice database and the graphical tools used to access it are discussed. When completed the Superconducting Super Collider will be the world’s largest accelerator complex. In order to build this system on schedule, the use of database technologies will be essential. In this paper we discuss one of the database efforts underway at the SSC, the lattice database. The original work on this database system began at the SSC Central Design Group and is described in a report by E. Barr, S. Peggs, and C. Saltmarsh in March 1989.
Operated by the Universities Research Association, Inc., for the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC35-89ER40486.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S16MS01

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

S20PD02

Summary of Panel Discussion on Standards and World-Wide Sharing of Software

controls, software, network, hardware

597

P.W. Lucas, C.I. Briegel
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
P.N. Clout
VISTA, Los Alamos, NM, USA
D.P. Gurd
SSCL, Dallas, TX, USA
N. Kanaya
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
U. Raich
CERN, Meyrin, Switzerland

It has been a dream in the accelerator community for some time that software developed for one control system be easily transferable to and usable at another. Until recently this goal was seldom realized in practice. This has been primarily because the various control systems have been developed inhouse with little standardization among them. The world of accelerators was dominated until a few years ago by very large machines constructed for doing high energy physics. The large laboratories could likewise afford large controls groups, which were able to build these complete systems from the ground up. However the accelerator scene has now shifted, with a large fraction of the new work being done at much smaller installations, installations which cannot afford the large staffs previously employed in control system production. Different approaches to this problem were outlined in the discussion.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ICALEPCS1991-S20PD02

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Received ※ 11 November 1991 — Accepted ※ 20 November 1991 — Issued ※ 04 December 1992

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)