Keyword: experiment
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MOYZO01 Imaging in X-ray Ranges to Locally Investigate the Effect of the Two-Close-Frequency Heating in ECRIS Plasmas plasma, ECR, electron, operation 27
 
  • R. Rácz, S. Biri, Z. Perduk
    Atomki, Debrecen, Hungary
  • G. Castro, L. Celona, S. Gammino, D. Mascali, M. Mazzaglia, E. Naselli, G. Torrisi
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • A. Galatà
    INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
  • E. Naselli
    Catania University, Catania, Italy
  • J. Pálinkás
    University Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
 
  Plasma instabilities limit the ECR Ion Sources performances in terms of flux of the extracted highly charged ions by causing beam ripple and unstable operation conditions. In a 14 GHz ECRIS (Atomki, Debrecen), the effect on the plasma instabilities in an Argon plasma at Two Close Frequencies heating scheme (the frequency gap is smaller than 1 GHz) has been explored. A special multi-diagnostic setup [1, 2] has been designed and implemented consisting of detectors for the simultaneous collection of plasma radio-self-emission and of high spatial resolution X-ray images in the 500 eV - 20 keV energy domain (using an X-ray pin-hole camera setup). We present the comparison of plasma structural changes as observed from X-ray images in single and double-frequency operations. The latter has been particularly correlated to the confinement and velocity anisotropy, also by considering results coming from numerical simulations.
[1] S. Biri et al. Journal of Instrumentation 13(11):C11016 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/13/11/C11016
[2] E. Naselli et. al. Journal of Instrumentation 14(10):C10008 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/C10008
 
slides icon Slides MOYZO01 [7.325 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-MOYZO01  
About • Received ※ 25 September 2020 — Revised ※ 11 November 2020 — Accepted ※ 17 December 2020 — Issue date ※ 24 January 2021
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MOZZO02 ECR Discharge in a Single Solenoid Magnetic Field as a Source of the Wide-Aperture Dense Plasma Fluxes plasma, solenoid, ECR, extraction 47
 
  • I. Izotov, A. Bokhanov, S. Golubev, M.Yu. Kazakov, S. Razin, R.A. Shaposhnikov, S.P. Shlepnev, V. Skalyga
    IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
 
  Funding: The reported study was supported by RFBR, project #19-32-90079, and by Presidential Grants Foundation (Grant #MD-2745.2019.2)
Sources of dense plasma fluxes with wide aperture are extensively used in applied science, i.e. surface treatment, and as a part of neutral beam injectors. ECR discharge in a solenoidal magnetic field (i.e. with no magnetic mirrors for plasma confinement), sustained by a powerful radiation of modern gyrotrons is under consideration at IAP RAS as a possible alternative to widely used vacuum arc, RF and helicon discharges. The use of a high frequency radiation (37.5 GHz) allows to obtain a discharge at lower pressure, sustain almost fully ionized plasma with density more than 1013 cm-3, whereas the power on the level of several hundreds of kW allows one to create such a plasma in considerably large volume. In the present work fluxes of hydrogen plasma with the equivalent current density of 750 mA/cm2 and the total current of 5 A were obtained. A multi-aperture multi-electrode extraction system design capable of forming the non-divergent ion beam was developed with the use of IBSimu code.
 
slides icon Slides MOZZO02 [0.681 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-MOZZO02  
About • Received ※ 27 September 2020 — Revised ※ 30 January 2021 — Accepted ※ 13 May 2021 — Issue date ※ 18 May 2021
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MOZZO04 New Metallic Stable Ion Beams for GANIL ECR, ion-source, injection, plasma 54
 
  • F. Lemagnen, C. Barue, M. Dubois, R. Frigot, N. Lechartier, V. Metayer, B. Osmond
    GANIL, Caen, France
 
  GANIL has been producing many stable beams for nearly 40 years. Constant progress has been made in terms of intensity, stability and reliability. The intensity for some stable metallic beams now exceeds or approaches the pµA level at an energy up to 95 MeV/u: 1.14 pµA for 36S (65% enriched) at 77 MeV/u, 0.35 pµA for 58Ni (63%) at 74 MeV/u. The presentation highlights recent results obtained for 28Si, 184W and 130Te using the GANIL ‘s LCO (Large Capacity Oven) on the ECR4 ion source. To produce the tungsten beam, two injection methods were compared. For the first one, we evaporated some tungsten trioxide (WO3) with GANIL ‘s LCO. For the second one, the injection in the plasma chamber was made by using MIVOC (Metallic Ions from VOlatile compounds) with a tungsten hexacarbonyl (W(CO)6) compound. It was the first time that we used metal carbonyl compounds and the result is promising. All the tests have been qualified to obtain the level of intensity and beam stability. Theses good results led us to propose them for Physics experiments.  
slides icon Slides MOZZO04 [4.743 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-MOZZO04  
About • Received ※ 25 September 2020 — Revised ※ 16 December 2020 — Accepted ※ 21 January 2021 — Issue date ※ 18 May 2021
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TUXZO03 Angular Distribution Measurement of Atoms Evaporated from a Resistive Oven Applied to Ion Beam Production simulation, vacuum, ECR, extraction 72
 
  • T. Thuillier, A. Leduc
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  • O. Bajeat, A. Leduc, L. Maunoury
    GANIL, Caen, France
 
  A low temperature oven has been developed to produce calcium beam with Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source. The atom flux from the oven has been studied experimentally as a function of the temperature and the angle of emission by means of a quartz microbalance. The absolute flux measurement permitted to derive Antoine’s coefficient for the calcium sample used : A=8.98± 0.07 and B=7787± 110 in standard unit. The angular FWHM of the atom flux distribution is found to be 53.7±7.3 °at 848K. The atom flux hysteresis observed experimentally in several laboratories is explained as follows: at first calcium heating, the evaporation comes from the sample only resulting in a small evaporation rate. once a full calcium layer has formed on the crucible refractory wall, the caclcium evaporation surface includes the crucible’s enhancing dramatically the evaporation rate for a givent temperature. A Monte-Carlo code, developed to reproduce and investigate the oven behaviour as a function of temperature is presented. A discussion on the gas regime in the oven is proposed as a function of its temperature. A fair agreement between experiment and simulation is found.  
slides icon Slides TUXZO03 [4.542 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-TUXZO03  
About • Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 19 February 2021 — Accepted ※ 21 July 2021 — Issue date ※ 16 April 2022
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TUZZO04 Status of the 60 GHz ECR Ion Source Research plasma, ion-source, ECR, extraction 102
 
  • T. André, J. Angot, M.A. Baylac, P. Sole, T. Thuillier
    LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
  • F. Debray
    GHMFL, Grenoble, France
  • I. Izotov, V. Skalyga
    IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
 
  SEISM is a compact ECR ion source operating at 60 GHz developed up to 2014. The prototype uses a magnetic cusp to confine the plasma. This simple magnetic geometry was chosen to allow the use of polyhelix coils (developed at the LNCMI, Grenoble) to generate a strong magnetic confinement featuring a closed ECR surface at 2.1 T. The plasma is sustained by a 300 kW microwave pulse of 1 ms duration and with a 2 Hz repetition rate. Previous experiments at LNCMI have successfully demonstrated the establishment of the nominal magnetic field and the extraction of ion beams with a current density up to ~ 1A/cm2. The presence of "afterglow" peaks was also observed, proving the existence of ion confinement in a cusp ECR ion source. The last run was prematurely stopped but the project restarted in 2018 and new experiments are planned in 2021. A new transport beam line has been designed to improve ion beam transport towards the beam detectors. Short- and long-term research plans are presented, including numerical simulations of the beam transport line and future upgrades of the ion source with the main goal to transform the high current density measured into a real high intensity ion beam.  
slides icon Slides TUZZO04 [5.933 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-TUZZO04  
About • Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 15 January 2021 — Accepted ※ 14 February 2021 — Issue date ※ 14 July 2022
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WEWZO02 Precise Identification of Extracted Ion Beam Spectrum Initially Obtained in Synthesising Iron-Endohedral Fullerenes on ECRIS ECR, ion-source, resonance, ECRIS 114
 
  • I. Owada, S. Harisaki, Y. Kato, W. Kubo, T. Omori, K. Sato, K. Tsuda
    Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan
  • A. Kitagawa, M. Muramatsu
    QST-NIRS, Chiba, Japan
  • Y. Yoshida
    Toyo University, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, Japan
 
  Electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) plasma has been constructed for producing synthesized ion beams in Osaka Univ.[1,2] We hope that it can become a universal source capable of producing ions with wide range mass/charge ration (m/q). We have been trying to produce endohedral fullerenes in the ECRIS. We have conducted initial experiments on production of them only in the second stage of ECRIS. We have been using iron vapor source by induction heating (IH) from the mirror end along to the geometrical axis, and C60 crucible from the side wall, respectively. We succeeded in realizing ECR plasma that fullerene and iron ions coexist on the single stage ECRIS, even by 1kV extraction voltage.[3] By these experimental series, the typical CSD suggests that there is possibility of slight formation of iron fullerenes compounds and iron endohedral fullerenes. We are continuing to investigate the experimental conditions that maximize spectrum corresponding to iron endohedral fullerenes. In this paper we describe preliminary experimental results of synthesizing iron-endohedral fullerene on the ECRIS.
*Y. Kato, et al., RSI, 2014, 85, 02A950-1-3.
**Y. Kato, et al., RSI, 2016, 87, 02A710-1-4.
***Y. Kato, et.al., IIT2018, IEEE Conf. Publ., 2019, pp.172-175.
 
slides icon Slides WEWZO02 [1.932 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEWZO02  
About • Received ※ 25 September 2020 — Revised ※ 14 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 03 November 2020 — Issue date ※ 12 January 2022
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WEWZO03 High Intensity Vanadium Beam Production to Search for New Super-Heavy Element with Z = 119 ECR, ion-source, plasma, ECRIS 118
 
  • T. Nagatomo, Y. Higurashi, O. Kamigaito, T. Nakagawa, J. Ohnishi
    RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
 
  We have begun searching for the new super-heavy element (SHE) with Z=119 at RIKEN Heavy Ion LINAC (RILAC). To overcome the small production cross section of vanadium (V) beam on the curium target, the project requires a very powerful V beam. In order to optimize the beam intensity of V with the charge state of 13+, we have investigated the effects of the amount of V vapor, the power of 18- and 28-GHz microwaves, and the strength of the mirror field. While no significant effect was seen by changing the mirror field Bext from 1.4 T to 1.6 T, the amount of V vapor and the microwave power strongly affected. Based on the correlation between the V-vapor and the microwave power, we obtained a 600-euA V(13+) beam with the V consumption rate of 24 mg/h and the microwave power of 2.9 kW in order to execute about 1-month SHE experiment. Furthermore, because such strong mirror field enhances the transverse beam emittance, it is important to control the emittance with small reduction of the intensity. We have successfully controlled the beam emittance by using three pairs of slits (triplet slits) in LEBT by eliminating the peripheral beam components in both of the x-x’ and y-y’ phase spaces.  
slides icon Slides WEWZO03 [2.981 MB]  
poster icon Poster WEWZO03 [13.283 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEWZO03  
About • Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 29 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 22 January 2021 — Issue date ※ 18 May 2021
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WEWZO04 Producing Multicharged Ions by Pulse Modulated Microwaves at Mixing Low Z Gases on ECRIS ECR, resonance, plasma, cyclotron 122
 
  • S. Harisaki, Y. Kato, W. Kubo, I. Owada, K. Sato, K. Tsuda
    Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan
 
  We are aiming at producing various ion beams in ECRIS. In the case of producing multicharged ion beams, we try to enhance loss channel of low Z ions by means of adding pulse modulated microwaves to conventional gas mixing method.* Through these experiments, we explore the feasibility of selectively heating specific ions with pulse modulated microwaves and launching another low frequency RF waves. In gas mixing experiment, we use Helium as low Z gas for production of multicharged Ar and Xenon ion beams. These experiments are conducted by keeping the total pressure constant and changing the mixing ratio of Helium. The time scale of pulsed microwave is typically several to several hundreds of microseconds. We optimize the pulse period and duty ratio for producing multicharged ion beams. These effects are investigated to measure Charge State Distributions (CSDs). Also, we can measure the emittance using wire probe and multi slit attached to Ion Beam Irradiation System (IBIS). ** We estimate the normalized emittance from this measurement to determine index of ion temperature in the ECRIS. In this paper, we mainly describe the results of these active and additive methods at the ECRIS.
*M. Muramatsu, et al., Review of Scientific Instruments, 87, 02C110(2016).
**K. Okumura, et al., Review of Scientific Instruments, 91, 023311(2020).
 
slides icon Slides WEWZO04 [1.283 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEWZO04  
About • Received ※ 24 September 2020 — Revised ※ 27 September 2020 — Accepted ※ 03 December 2020 — Issue date ※ 15 July 2021
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WEWZO05 Beam Profile Measurements of Decelerated Multicharged Xe Ions from ECRIS for Estimating Low Energy Damage on Satellites Components radiation, ECR, ECRIS, electron 125
 
  • K. Sato, S. Harisaki, Y. Kato, W. Kubo, K. Okumura, I. Owada, K. Tsuda
    Osaka University, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka, Japan
 
  Electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) has been constructed for producing synthesized ion beams in Osaka Univ.*,** Xe is used as fuel for ion propulsion engines on artificial satellites. There are problems of accumulated damages at irradiation and sputtering by low energy Xe ion from the engine. It is required to construct experimentally sputtering yield databases of ion beams in the low energy region from several hundred eV to 1keV, since there are not enough data of satellite component materials. Therefore, we are trying to investigate experimentally sputtering yield on materials by irradiating the low energy single species Xeq+ ion beams. However, there is a problem that if the low extraction voltage, the amount of beam currents is not enough to obtain ion beam flux for precise evaluation of sputtering yield data. Thus, we conduct to decelerate Xeq+ ion beams required low energy region after extracting at high voltage, e.g., 10kV. We measured the decelerated beam profile with x and y direction wire probes. As a result, we were able to estimate the dose of ion fluxes. We are going to conduct irradiation experiments on various materials.
*Y. Kato, et al., RSI, 2014, 85, 02A950-1-3.
**Y. Kato, et al., RSI, 2016, 87, 02A710-1-4.
 
slides icon Slides WEWZO05 [8.964 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEWZO05  
About • Received ※ 27 September 2020 — Revised ※ 25 September 2020 — Accepted ※ 29 September 2020 — Issue date ※ 14 July 2022
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WEXZO02 39Ar Enrichment System Based on a 2.45 GHz ECR Ion Source ion-source, ECR, target, vacuum 128
 
  • Z.H. Jia, X. Fang, Y.H. Guo, Q. Hu, Y.J. Li, Y.G. Liu, L.T. Sun, Q. Wu, Y. Yang, T.X. Zhan, J.Q. Zhang
    IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
  • W. Jiang
    HNLPSM, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
  • Z.T. Lu
    USTC, SNST, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
 
  Funding: National Key Research and Development Project (contract No.2016YFA0302202).
Aimed at improving the ATTA’s (Atom Trap Trace Analysis) dating efficiency with 39Ar radioactive isotope, an isotope enrichment system has been developed at IMP (Institute of Modern Physics) to increase the abundance of 39Ar in the incident sample gas. In this enrichment system, a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source was designed to ionize sample gas and produce isotopes beams with several mA, and the isotopes beam is transported and separated in the separation beam line, which is consisted of two quadrupoles and an analysis magnet. The separated isotopes are collected by a rotated aluminum foil target. According to the recent cross-checked results with ATTA, high enrichment factor of 39Ar isotope has been successfully reached. This paper will give a general introduction to the platform setup. The isotope enrichment efficiency is the critical issue for such a platform and will be specially discussed.
 
slides icon Slides WEXZO02 [1.799 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEXZO02  
About • Received ※ 29 September 2020 — Revised ※ 21 December 2020 — Accepted ※ 14 February 2021 — Issue date ※ 21 July 2021
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WEYZO01 Present Status of HIMAC ECR Ion Sources ion-source, ECR, radiation, operation 140
 
  • M. Muramatsu, A. Kitagawa
    QST-NIRS, Chiba, Japan
  • S. Hashizaki, T. Kondo, F. Ouchi, T. Sasano, T. Shiraishi, T. Suzuki, K. Takahashi
    AEC, Chiba, Japan
  • Y. Iwata
    NIRS, Chiba-shi, Japan
  • M. Kawashima
    Gunma University, Heavy-Ion Medical Research Center, Maebashi-Gunma, Japan
  • M. Sei
    R&K Company Limited., Shizuoka, Japan
 
  High-energy carbon-ion radiotherapy is being carried out at Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba (HIMAC). Over 12000 cancer patients have been treated with carbon beams having energies of between 56-430 MeV/u since 1994. There are two injectors in the HIMAC for medical and experimental use. First injector consists of two ECR ion sources and one PIG ion source, the RFQ linac and the DTL. Usually, this injector suppling the carbon ion for cancer therapy and various ion such as H, He, Fe, Xe are accelerated for biological and physical experiment. The 10 GHz NIRS-ECR ion source produce the carbon ion for cancer therapy. The 18 GHz NIRS-HEC ion source produce He to Xe ions for experimental use. Second injector consists of the compact ECR ion source with all permanent magnet, the RFQ linac and the APF IH-DTL. This injector supplies the carbon ion for experimental use. Additionally, we tried production of the Indium and the Tin ions by using the In(C5H5) and the Sn(i-C3H7)4 at the NIRS-HEC. Beam current of the 115In20+ and 120Sn18+ were 90 and 15μA, respectively. Present status of ECR ion sources and some development will be described.  
slides icon Slides WEYZO01 [3.722 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEYZO01  
About • Received ※ 29 September 2020 — Revised ※ 01 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 15 October 2020 — Issue date ※ 16 October 2021
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WEZZO03 ECR3 Commissioning and Planning for C-14 Ion Beams at the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System ECR, ion-source, target, ECRIS 157
 
  • R.H. Scott, R.C. Vondrasek
    ANL, Lemont, Illinois, USA
 
  Funding: U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Nuclear Physics, contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source ECR3* has recently been commissioned at the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System (ATLAS) at Argonne National Laboratory. While ECR3 can provide many of the stable ATLAS beams, its other intended purpose is the production of C-14 ion beams which were previously produced by a now-retired negative ion source. This paper will discuss the final installation and commissioning of the ion source as well as the preparations for running C-14. A stable C-13 ethylene gas was used as a surrogate to determine the expected level of N-14 contamination when running C-14 since they are inseparable at ATLAS. We were also able to confirm consumption rates and charge state efficiencies under different C-13 running conditions in order to optimize the upcoming C-14 beam production.
*R. H. Scott, C. Dickerson, R. C. Pardo, and R. C. Vondrasek, "A New ECRIS Installation at the Argonne Tandem Linac Accelerator System", doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2016-WEPP14
 
slides icon Slides WEZZO03 [0.667 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEZZO03  
About • Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 30 September 2020 — Accepted ※ 03 December 2020 — Issue date ※ 19 April 2021
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