IBIC2014 - List of Keywords (linac)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOCYB2	Design and Initial Commissioning of Beam Diagnostics for the KEK Compact ERL	radiation, electron, optics, emittance	7
	R. Takai, T. Honda, T. Nogami, T. Obina, H. Sagehashi, Y. Tanimoto, M. Tobiyama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	A compact energy-recovery linac (cERL) was constructed at KEK as a test accelerator for the ERL-based light source. Standard beam monitors such as beam position monitors (BPMs), screen monitors (SCMs), and beam loss monitors (BLMs) have been developed for the cERL and used in its commissioning. For the main BPMs, we adopted the stripline type, the time response of which is improved by using a glass-sealed feedthrough. The SCMs are equipped with two types of screens and an RF shield for wake-field suppression. Optical fibers with photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), covering the entire cERL circumference, are used as the BLM. CsI scintillators with large-cathode PMTs are also prepared for detecting local beam loss. The design and some initial commissioning results of these standard monitors are described in this paper.
	Slides MOCYB2 [4.987 MB]
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MOPF05	Instrumentation for the Proposed Low Energy RHIC Electron Cooling Project with Energy Recovery	electron, ion, emittance, gun	49
	D.M. Gassner, A.V. Fedotov, R.L. Hulsart, D. Kayran, V. Litvinenko, R.J. Michnoff, T.A. Miller, M.G. Minty, I. Pinayev, M. Wilinski BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy There is a strong interest in running RHIC at low ion beam energies of 7.7-20 GeV/nucleon [1]; this is much lower than the typical operations with 100 GeV/nucleon. The primary motivation for this effort is to explore the existence and location of the critical point on the QCD phase diagram. Electron cooling can increase the average integrated luminosity and increase the length of the stored lifetime. A cooling system is being designed that will provide a 30 – 50 mA electron beam with adequate quality and an energy range of 1.6 – 5 MeV. The cooling facility is planned to be inside the RHIC tunnel. The injector will include a 704 MHz SRF gun, a 704 MHz 5-cell SRF cavity followed by a normal conducting 2.1 GHz cavity. Electrons from the injector will be transported to the Yellow RHIC ring to allow electron-ion co-propagation for ~20 m, then a 180 degree U-turn electron transport so the same electron beam can similarly cool the Blue ion beam. After the cooling process with electron beam energies of 1.6 to 2 MeV, the electrons will be transported directly to a dump. When cooling with higher energy electrons between 2 and 5 MeV, after the cooling process, they will be routed through the acceleration cavity again to allow energy recovery and less power deposited in the dump. Special consideration is given to ensure overlap of electron and ion beams in the cooling section and achieving the requirements needed for cooling. The instrumentation systems described will include current transformers, beam position monitors, profile monitors, an emittance slit station, recombination and beam loss monitors.
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MOPF15	Status of and Future Plans for the CERN LINAC4 Emittance Meter based on Laser Electron-Detachment and a Diamond Strip-Detector	detector, laser, emittance, electron	83
	T. Hofmann, E. Bravin, U. Raich, F. Roncarolo, F. Zocca CERN, Geneva, Switzerland G.E. Boorman, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson, K.O. Kruchinin Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom E. Griesmayer CIVIDEC Instrumentation, Wien, Austria
	Funding: LA3NET is funded by the European Commission under Grant Agreement Number GA-ITN-2011-289191 LINAC4 has started its staged commissioning at CERN. After completion it will accelerate high brightness H⁻ beams to 160 MeV. To measure the transverse profile and emittance of the beam, a non-destructive method based on electron photo-detachment is proposed, using a pulsed, fibre-coupled laser to strip electrons from the H⁻ ions. The laser can be focused and scanned through the H⁻ beam, acting like a conventional slit. A downstream dipole separates the neutral H⁰ beamlet, created by the laser interaction, from the main H⁻ beam, so that it can be measured by a diamond strip-detector. Combining the H⁰ beamlet profiles with the laser position allows the transverse emittance to be reconstructed. A prototype of this instrument was tested while commissioning the LINAC4 at 3 and 12 MeV. In this paper we shall describe the experimental setup, challenges and results of the measurements, and also address the characteristics and performance of the diamond strip-detector subsystem. In addition, the proposal for a permanent system at 160 MeV, including an electron detector for a direct profile measurement, will be presented.
	Poster MOPF15 [0.994 MB]
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MOPF17	Methods for Measuring the Transverse Beam Profile in the ESS High Intensity Beam	proton, ion, space-charge, photon	93
	C. Roose, I. Dolenc Kittelmann, A. Jansson ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction, consists of a partly superconducting linac which will deliver a 2 GeV, 5MW proton beam to a rotating tungsten target. Beam transverse profile monitors are required in order to insure that the lattice parameters are set and the beam emittance is matched. Due to the high intensity of the beam and the constraint to perform non-disturbing measurements, non-invasive techniques have to be developed. The non-invasive profile monitors chosen for the ESS are based on the interaction of the beam with the residual gas. Two different devices are developed, one utilises the fluorescence process, the other one the ionisation process. The paper presents their latest preliminary developments.
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MOPF20	Diagnosing NSLS-II: A New Advanced Synchrotron Light Source	storage-ring, diagnostics, controls, booster	100
	Y. Hu, L.R. Dalesio, O. Singh, H. Xu BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	NSLS-II, the successor to NSLS (National Synchrotron Light Source) at Brookhaven National Lab, is scheduled to be open to users worldwide by 2015 as a world-class advanced synchrotron light source because of its unique features: its half-mile-circumference (792 m) Storage Ring provides the highest beam intensity (500 mA) at medium-energy (3 GeV) with sub-nm-rad horizontal emittance (down to 0.5 nm -rad) and diffraction-limited vertical emittance at a wavelength of 1 Å (<8 pm-rad). As the eyes of NSLS-II accelerators to observe fascinating particle beams, beam diagnostics and controls systems are designed to monitor and diagnose the electron beam quality so that NSLS-II could be tuned up to reach its highest performance. The design and implementation of NSLS-II diagnostics and controls are described. Preliminary commissioning results of NSLS-II accelerators, including Linac, Booster, and Storage Ring, are presented.
	Poster MOPF20 [1.105 MB]
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MOPF28	Beam Diagnostics and Timing Monitoring for SuperKEKB Injector Linac	timing, electron, positron, target	110
	F. Miyahara, K. Furukawa, R. Ichimiya, N. Iida, M. Ikeno, H. Kaji, M. Satoh, M. Shoji, T. Suwada, M. Tanaka, Y. Yano KEK, Ibaraki, Japan T. Okazaki EJIT, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan
	The SuperKEKB injector linac has multiple operation modes for the electron beam injection into 3 separate rings, SuperKEKB HER, PF (Photon Factory) Ring and PF-AR, and the positron beam injection into the damping ring and the SuperKEKB LER. The operation modes can be switched every 20 milli-second with arbitrary order. The beam parameters such as charge, energy and emittance are different for each of the rings. Moreover, the bunch charge of the electron beam, 5nC, is 5 times higher and the emittance of ~10 mm•mrad is 30 times lower than those of the KEKB injector. Thus, development of BPM readout system with a wide dynamic range and installation of optical fiber detector with a good S/N ratio for the wire scanners and bunch-length monitor have been performed. For stable operation of the linac, many timing signals have to be monitored as well. To that end we have developed 32-bit multi-hit time-to-digital converters (TDCs) with 1-ns resolution. The first beam tests of those systems are reported in this paper.
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MOPD26	A Bunch Extension Monitor for the Spiral2 LINAC	ion, detector, diagnostics, photon	212
	J.L. Vignet, R.V. Revenko GANIL, Caen, France
	Measurements of the longitudinal shape of bunched beam particles are crucial for optimization and control of LINAC beam parameters and maximization of its integrated luminosity. The non-interceptive bunch extension monitor for the LINAC at the SPIRAL2 facility is being developed at GANIL. Five bunch extension monitors will be installed at the beginning of the LINAC between superconducting cavities. The principle of operation is based on the registration of x-rays induced by ions of accelerator beam interacting with a thin tungsten wire positioned on the beam path. The monitor consists of two parts: a system for wire insertion and positioning, and an x-ray detector based on microchannel plates (MCPs). A detector prototype has been developed over the past three years and was tested using both protons and heavy ions beams.
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TUPF04	Numerical Calculations for the FAIR Proton Linac BPMs	simulation, proton, pick-up, vacuum	303
	C.S. Simon CEA/DSM/IRFU, France M.H. Almalki, P. Forck, W. Kaufmann, T. Sieber GSI, Darmstadt, Germany V. Bellego CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
	Fourteen Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) will be installed along the FAIR Proton LINAC. These monitors will be used to determine the beam position, the relative beam current and the mean beam energy by time of flight (TOF). A capacitive button type pickup was chosen for its easy mechanical realization and for the short insertion length which is important for the four BPMs locations of the inter-tank sections between the CH-cavities. Depending on the location, the BPM design has to be optimized, taking into account an energy range from 3 MeV to 70 MeV, limited space for installation and a 30 mm or 50 mm beam pipe aperture. This paper reports wake field numerical simulations performed by the code CST PARTICLE STUDIO to design and characterize the BPMs. Time of response of monitors are presented and results of calculations for various pickup-geometries are discussed taking into account different beam velocities.
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TUPF16	FRIB Beam Position Monitor Pick-Up Design	pick-up, cryogenics, ion, cavity	355
	O. Yair, J.L. Crisp, G. Kiupel, S.M. Lidia, R.C. Webber FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Due to the different beam diameters and the inclusion of superconducting cavities, different Beam Position Monitor (BPM) types with welded buttons are to be used in the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). The varying BPM sizes include the following apertures: 40 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, and 150 mm. The 40 mm BPMs include both warm and cold types where the cold BPMs are located in cryomodules next to SRF cavities. Steel-jacketed SiO2 coaxial cables with sealed SMA connectors have been selected as signal cables in the cryomodule insulating vacuum. These will connect to the BPM assembly at roughly 4 K temperature at one end and to the feedthrough flange in the vacuum vessel wall at 300 K at the other end. The 40 mm and 50 mm BPMs will include 20 mm custom-made buttons. The 100 mm and 150 mm aperture BPM buttons will be larger, anywhere from 30 mm to 40 mm. This paper will specify the mechanical and electrical design challenges and the resolutions associated with FRIB operations in the following areas: varying BPM conditions, changes in apertures, and variants in button sizes.
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TUPD07	Performance Demonstration of the Non-Invasive Bunch Shape Monitor at GSI High Current LINAC	background, electron, ion, detector	421
	B. Zwicker, O.K. Kester IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany C. Dorn, P. Forck, O.K. Kester, P. Kowina, B. Zwicker GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Funding: Supported by EU-Project CRISP, WP3 T1 ‘Non-intercepting Bunch Shape Monitors‘ At the heavy ion LINAC at GSI, a novel scheme of non-invasive Bunch Shape Monitor has been tested with several ions beam at 11.4 MeV/u and beam current in the range from 80 μA to 1000 μA. Caused by the beam impact on the residual gas, secondary electrons are liberated. These electrons are accelerated by an electrostatic field, transported through a sophisticated electrostatic energy analyzer and an rf-deflector, acting as a time-to-space converter. Finally a MCP amplifies the electrons and the electron distribution is detected by a CCD camera. For the applied beam settings this Bunch Shape Monitor is able to obtain longitudinal profiles down to of 250 ps RMS width with an RMS resolution of 34 ps, corresponding to 0.5° of the 36 MHz acceleration frequency. Systematic parameter studies, for the device were performed to demonstrate the applicability and to determine the achievable resolution. The background contribution, as orginated by x-rays, are investigated.
	Poster TUPD07 [4.425 MB]
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TUPD09	Vacuum Improvement of Bunch Shape Monitor for J-PARC Linac	vacuum, target, high-voltage, electron	430
	A. Miura, Y. Kawane, N. Ouchi JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan T. Miyao KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	During the shutdown in summer 2012, we installed three BSMs (Bunch Shape Monitors) at the upstream of the ACS (Annular Coupled Structure Linac) section in order to perform longitudinal matching. ACS cavities were installed in summer 2013 to upgrade the Linac energy from 181 MeV to 400 MeV. Prior to the ACS installation, BSMs were installed and the beam commissioning of the BSMs has been conducted after the summer shutdown in 2012. During the BSM measurements, a problem of the degradation in vacuum conditions was found. One reason for this problem is the dark current resulting in the desorption of absorbed gas molecules. And another reason is the outgas released from materials when the high voltage and RF power are supplied for the electro-static lens and RF deflector, respectively. In order to solve this problem, BSMs were dismounted from the beam line and the off-line baking operations with outgas analysis had been performed to avoid the degradation of the vacuum. As the result of the gas analysis, we found that the outgas contains some heavy hydrocarbons. After these heavy hydrocarbon gaseous were removed and the vacuum level improved for about one order, we completed off-line baking. We will install all three BSMs in at the upstream of the ACS again with the additional vacuum pumps. This paper describes the vacuum degradation of the BSMs, how to conduct the baking operation for BSMs and its results. The improved set-ups of the vacuum are also introduced.
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TUPD12	Development of Non-Invasive Electron Beam Position Monitor Based on Coherent Diffraction Radiation from a Slit	electron, radiation, target, detector	442
	Y. Taira, R. Kuroda, M. Tanaka, H. Toyokawa AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan K. Sakaue Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan H. Tomizawa RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan
	Funding: This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (26246046). Diffraction radiation (DR), which is closely related to transition radiation, is emitted when an electron passes near an edge or interface between two media with different dielectric constants. Theoretical and experimental investigation of DR is widely performing for a non-intercepting electron beam diagnostic. We have developed an electron bunch length and a beam position monitor using a coherent diffraction radiation (CDR), which is in the range of sub-millimeter wavelength. The frequency spectrum of CDR depends on a form factor expressed as the Fourier transform of the longitudinal particle distribution. We have measured the spatial intensity distribution of CDR emitted from the metallic edge with a terahertz camera. Total intensity passing through band pass filters (BPFs) was decreased as the transmission frequency of BPFs is increased up to 6 THz. The result indicates that the bunch length is few hundreds of femtosecond. A detailed data analysis is now performing. On the other hand, we have measured the intensity distribution of CDR emitted from the metallic rectangular slit. Bow-tie intensity distribution, aligned along the perpendicular direction to the slit edge, was measured with the terahertz camera. Moreover, when the electron beam did not pass through the center of the slit, an asymmetrical intensity distribution appeared. This asymmetry is due to the pre-wave zone effect. In short, we can found the beam position to the slit by measuring the asymmetry. In this conference, we will present the experimental results.
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WEPF07	Optimization of a Short Faraday Cup for Low-Energy Ions Using Numerical Simulations	electron, ion, diagnostics, simulation	544
	A.G. Sosa, E. Bravin, E.D. Cantero CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C.P. Welsch Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom C.P. Welsch The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
	Funding: CATHI is a Marie Curie Initial Training Network funded by the European Commission under Grant Agreement Number PITN-GA-2010-264330. ISOLDE, the heavy-ion facility at CERN is undergoing a major upgrade with the installation of a superconducting LINAC that will allow post-acceleration of ion beams up to 10 MeV/u. In this framework, customized beam diagnostics are being developed in order to fulfill the design requirements as well as to fit in the compact diagnostic boxes foreseen. The main detector of this system is a compact Faraday cup that will measure beam intensities in the range of 1 pA to 1 nA. In this contribution, simulation results of electrostatic fields and particle tracking are detailed for different Faraday cup prototypes taking into account the energy spectrum and angle of emission of the ion-induced secondary electrons.
	Poster WEPF07 [1.282 MB]
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WEPF28	Failure Mode and Effects Analysis of the Beam Intensity Control for the SPIRAL2 Accelerator	controls, proton, ion, diagnostics	613
	C. Jamet, T.A. Andre, B. Ducoudret, G. Ledu, S.L. Leloir, S. Loret, C. Potier de courcy GANIL, Caen, France
	The first phase of the SPIRAL2 project includes a driver and its associated new experimental areas (S3 and NFS caves). The accelerator, located in Caen (France), is based on a linear solution composed of a normal conducting RFQ and a superconducting linac. Intense primary stable beams (deuterons, protons, light and heavy ions) will be accelerated at various energies for nuclear physics. The beam intensity monitoring is a part of the operating range control of the facility. A high level of requirements is imposed on the intensity control system. In 2013, a failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) was performed by a specialized company helped by the GANIL’s Electronic group. This paper presents the analysis and evolutions of the electronic chain of measurement and control.
	Poster WEPF28 [1.130 MB]
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WEPD04	High Position Resolution and High Dynamic Range Stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) Readout System for the KEKB Injector Linac Towards the SuperKEKB	positron, alignment, electron, rf-amplifier	637
	R. Ichimiya, K. Furukawa, F. Miyahara, M. Satoh, T. Suwada KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
	The SuperKEKB accelerator is now being upgraded to bring the world highest luminosity (L=8x10³⁵/cm²/s). Hence, the KEKB injector linac has to produce low emittance and high charge electron (20 mm mrad, 7 GeV/c², 5 nC) and positron (20 mm mrad, 4 GeV/c², 4 nC) beam, respectively. In order to achieve these criteria, the accelerator structure has to be aligned within 0.1 mm position error. Since BPMs are essential instruments for beam based alignment (BBA), it is required to have one magnitude better position resolution to get enough alignment results. We have begun to develop high position resolution BPM readout system with narrow bandpass filters (fc = 180 MHz) and 250 MSa/s 16-bit ADCs. It handles two bunches with 96 ns interval separately and has a dynamic range from 0.1 nC to 10 nC. To compensate circuit drift, two calibration (x-direction and y-direction) pulses are output to the BPM electrodes between beam cycles (20 ms). Since it needs to achieve not only high position resolution but also good position accuracy, overall non-linearity within ±0.02 dB is required and the system has to have more than ±5 mm accurate position range. We confirmed the system performance with a 3-BPM resolution tests at KEK Injector Linac and it turned out that the system has 3 μm position resolution. We plan to install this system during 2015 summer shutdown.
	Poster WEPD04 [0.828 MB]
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WEPD07	Evaluation of Libera Single Pass H for ESS LINAC	detector, instrumentation, controls, operation	647
	M. Cargnelutti, M. Žnidarčič I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia H. Hassanzadegan ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The Beam Position Monitor system of the ESS linac will include in total more than 140 BPM detectors of different sizes and types. The resolution and accuracy of the position measurement with the nominal 62.5 mA beam current and 2.86 ms pulse width need to be 20 ?m and 100 ?m respectively, and those of the phase measurement are 0.2 deg and 1 deg respectively. The BPM system also needs to work successfully under off-optimal conditions, ex. with a de-bunched beam, or with the current and pulse width being as low as 6 mA and 10 ?s respectively. Options for the implementation of the ESS BPM electronics include: 1) a custom or commercial front-end card combined with a commercial digitizer with in-house developed firmware and 2) a fully commercial off the shelf system. Libera Single Pass H is an instrument intended for phase, position and charge monitoring in hadron and heavy ion LINACs. The instrument was tested at the ESS laboratory, to probe the feasibility of operation with ESS beam conditions. To give a realistic picture of the device performance, different testing setups were evaluated, including all the signal and environment conditions foreseen for the final ESS linac operation. The results present resolution, precision and accuracy evaluations, as well as stressful long-term and stability tests. This paper presents the achieved results of the Libera Single Pass H for the ESS beam parameters.
	Poster WEPD07 [4.257 MB]
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WEPD09	Development of a High Speed Beam Position and Phase Monitoring System for the LANSCE Linac	timing, FPGA, EPICS, network	655
	H.A. Watkins, J.D. Gilpatrick, R.C. McCrady LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy. The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is currently developing beam position and phase measurements (BPPMs) as part of the LANSCE risk mitigation project. BPPM sensors have been installed in the 805-MHz linac and development of the monitoring electronics is near completion. The system utilizes a high speed digitizer coupled with a field programmable gate array (FPGA) mounted in a VPX chassis to measure position, phase and intensity of a variety of beam structures. These systems will be deployed throughout the LANSCE facility. Details of the hardware selection and performance of the system for different timing structures are presented.
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WEPD13	Development of the SwissFEL Undulator BPM System	pick-up, cavity, undulator, electronics	675
	M. Stadler, R. Baldinger, R. Ditter, B. Keil, F. Marcellini, G. Marinkovic, M. Roggli, M. Rohrer PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	For SwissFEL, two types of cavity BPMs are used. In the linac, injector and transfer lines, low-Q dual-resonator cavity BPMs with a loaded Q (QL) of ~40 and 3.3GHz mode frequency allow easy separation of the two adjacent bunches with 28ns bunch spacing. For the undulators that receive only single bunches from a beam distribution kicker with 100Hz repetition rate, dual-resonator BPM pickups with higher QL are used. The baseline version for the undulator BPMs is a stainless steel pickup with QL=200 and 3.3GHz frequency. In addition, an alternative version with copper resonators, QL=1000 and 4.8GHz frequency has been investigated. For both pickups, prototypes were built and tested. The status of pickup and electronics development as well as the latest prototype test results are reported.
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WEPD17	Commissioning Results of MicroTCA.4 Stripline BPM System	electronics, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, booster	680
	C. Xu, S. Allison, S. L. Hoobler, D.J. Martin, J.J. Olsen, T. Straumann, A. Young SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA H.-S. Kang, C. Kim, S.J. Lee, G. Mun PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea
	Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Numbers DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-76SF00515, and WFOA13-197 SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is a premier photon science laboratory. SLAC has a Free Electron Laser facility that will produce 0.5 to 77 Angstroms x-rays and a synchrotron light source facility. In order to achieve this high level of performance, the beam position measurement system needs to be accurate so the electron beam bunch can be stable. We have designed a general purpose stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system that has a dynamic range of 10pC to 1nC bunch charge. The BPM system uses the MicroTCA (Micro Telecommunication Computing Architecture) for physics platform that consists of a 14-bit 250 MSPS ADC module (SIS8300 from Struck) that uses the Zone 3 A1.x classification for the Rear Transition Module (RTM). This paper will discuss the commissioning result at SLAC LCLS-I, SLAC SSRL, and Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. The RTM architecture includes a bandpass filter at 300MHz with 30 MHz bandwidth, and an automated BPM calibration process. The RTM communicates with the AMC FPGA using a QSPI interface over the zone 3 connection.
	Poster WEPD17 [5.087 MB]
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MOCYB2

Design and Initial Commissioning of Beam Diagnostics for the KEK Compact ERL

radiation, electron, optics, emittance

7

R. Takai, T. Honda, T. Nogami, T. Obina, H. Sagehashi, Y. Tanimoto, M. Tobiyama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

A compact energy-recovery linac (cERL) was constructed at KEK as a test accelerator for the ERL-based light source. Standard beam monitors such as beam position monitors (BPMs), screen monitors (SCMs), and beam loss monitors (BLMs) have been developed for the cERL and used in its commissioning. For the main BPMs, we adopted the stripline type, the time response of which is improved by using a glass-sealed feedthrough. The SCMs are equipped with two types of screens and an RF shield for wake-field suppression. Optical fibers with photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), covering the entire cERL circumference, are used as the BLM. CsI scintillators with large-cathode PMTs are also prepared for detecting local beam loss. The design and some initial commissioning results of these standard monitors are described in this paper.

Slides MOCYB2 [4.987 MB]

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MOPF05

Instrumentation for the Proposed Low Energy RHIC Electron Cooling Project with Energy Recovery

electron, ion, emittance, gun

49

D.M. Gassner, A.V. Fedotov, R.L. Hulsart, D. Kayran, V. Litvinenko, R.J. Michnoff, T.A. Miller, M.G. Minty, I. Pinayev, M. Wilinski
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy
There is a strong interest in running RHIC at low ion beam energies of 7.7-20 GeV/nucleon [1]; this is much lower than the typical operations with 100 GeV/nucleon. The primary motivation for this effort is to explore the existence and location of the critical point on the QCD phase diagram. Electron cooling can increase the average integrated luminosity and increase the length of the stored lifetime. A cooling system is being designed that will provide a 30 – 50 mA electron beam with adequate quality and an energy range of 1.6 – 5 MeV. The cooling facility is planned to be inside the RHIC tunnel. The injector will include a 704 MHz SRF gun, a 704 MHz 5-cell SRF cavity followed by a normal conducting 2.1 GHz cavity. Electrons from the injector will be transported to the Yellow RHIC ring to allow electron-ion co-propagation for ~20 m, then a 180 degree U-turn electron transport so the same electron beam can similarly cool the Blue ion beam. After the cooling process with electron beam energies of 1.6 to 2 MeV, the electrons will be transported directly to a dump. When cooling with higher energy electrons between 2 and 5 MeV, after the cooling process, they will be routed through the acceleration cavity again to allow energy recovery and less power deposited in the dump. Special consideration is given to ensure overlap of electron and ion beams in the cooling section and achieving the requirements needed for cooling. The instrumentation systems described will include current transformers, beam position monitors, profile monitors, an emittance slit station, recombination and beam loss monitors.

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MOPF15

Status of and Future Plans for the CERN LINAC4 Emittance Meter based on Laser Electron-Detachment and a Diamond Strip-Detector

detector, laser, emittance, electron

83

T. Hofmann, E. Bravin, U. Raich, F. Roncarolo, F. Zocca
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
G.E. Boorman, A. Bosco, S.M. Gibson, K.O. Kruchinin
Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, United Kingdom
E. Griesmayer
CIVIDEC Instrumentation, Wien, Austria

Funding: LA3NET is funded by the European Commission under Grant Agreement Number GA-ITN-2011-289191
LINAC4 has started its staged commissioning at CERN. After completion it will accelerate high brightness H⁻ beams to 160 MeV. To measure the transverse profile and emittance of the beam, a non-destructive method based on electron photo-detachment is proposed, using a pulsed, fibre-coupled laser to strip electrons from the H⁻ ions. The laser can be focused and scanned through the H⁻ beam, acting like a conventional slit. A downstream dipole separates the neutral H⁰ beamlet, created by the laser interaction, from the main H⁻ beam, so that it can be measured by a diamond strip-detector. Combining the H⁰ beamlet profiles with the laser position allows the transverse emittance to be reconstructed. A prototype of this instrument was tested while commissioning the LINAC4 at 3 and 12 MeV. In this paper we shall describe the experimental setup, challenges and results of the measurements, and also address the characteristics and performance of the diamond strip-detector subsystem. In addition, the proposal for a permanent system at 160 MeV, including an electron detector for a direct profile measurement, will be presented.

Poster MOPF15 [0.994 MB]

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MOPF17

Methods for Measuring the Transverse Beam Profile in the ESS High Intensity Beam

proton, ion, space-charge, photon

93

C. Roose, I. Dolenc Kittelmann, A. Jansson
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The European Spallation Source (ESS), currently under construction, consists of a partly superconducting linac which will deliver a 2 GeV, 5MW proton beam to a rotating tungsten target. Beam transverse profile monitors are required in order to insure that the lattice parameters are set and the beam emittance is matched. Due to the high intensity of the beam and the constraint to perform non-disturbing measurements, non-invasive techniques have to be developed. The non-invasive profile monitors chosen for the ESS are based on the interaction of the beam with the residual gas. Two different devices are developed, one utilises the fluorescence process, the other one the ionisation process. The paper presents their latest preliminary developments.

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MOPF20

Diagnosing NSLS-II: A New Advanced Synchrotron Light Source

storage-ring, diagnostics, controls, booster

100

Y. Hu, L.R. Dalesio, O. Singh, H. Xu
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

NSLS-II, the successor to NSLS (National Synchrotron Light Source) at Brookhaven National Lab, is scheduled to be open to users worldwide by 2015 as a world-class advanced synchrotron light source because of its unique features: its half-mile-circumference (792 m) Storage Ring provides the highest beam intensity (500 mA) at medium-energy (3 GeV) with sub-nm-rad horizontal emittance (down to 0.5 nm -rad) and diffraction-limited vertical emittance at a wavelength of 1 Å (<8 pm-rad). As the eyes of NSLS-II accelerators to observe fascinating particle beams, beam diagnostics and controls systems are designed to monitor and diagnose the electron beam quality so that NSLS-II could be tuned up to reach its highest performance. The design and implementation of NSLS-II diagnostics and controls are described. Preliminary commissioning results of NSLS-II accelerators, including Linac, Booster, and Storage Ring, are presented.

Poster MOPF20 [1.105 MB]

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MOPF28

Beam Diagnostics and Timing Monitoring for SuperKEKB Injector Linac

timing, electron, positron, target

110

F. Miyahara, K. Furukawa, R. Ichimiya, N. Iida, M. Ikeno, H. Kaji, M. Satoh, M. Shoji, T. Suwada, M. Tanaka, Y. Yano
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Okazaki
EJIT, Hitachi, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB injector linac has multiple operation modes for the electron beam injection into 3 separate rings, SuperKEKB HER, PF (Photon Factory) Ring and PF-AR, and the positron beam injection into the damping ring and the SuperKEKB LER. The operation modes can be switched every 20 milli-second with arbitrary order. The beam parameters such as charge, energy and emittance are different for each of the rings. Moreover, the bunch charge of the electron beam, 5nC, is 5 times higher and the emittance of ~10 mm•mrad is 30 times lower than those of the KEKB injector. Thus, development of BPM readout system with a wide dynamic range and installation of optical fiber detector with a good S/N ratio for the wire scanners and bunch-length monitor have been performed. For stable operation of the linac, many timing signals have to be monitored as well. To that end we have developed 32-bit multi-hit time-to-digital converters (TDCs) with 1-ns resolution. The first beam tests of those systems are reported in this paper.

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MOPD26

A Bunch Extension Monitor for the Spiral2 LINAC

ion, detector, diagnostics, photon

212

J.L. Vignet, R.V. Revenko
GANIL, Caen, France

Measurements of the longitudinal shape of bunched beam particles are crucial for optimization and control of LINAC beam parameters and maximization of its integrated luminosity. The non-interceptive bunch extension monitor for the LINAC at the SPIRAL2 facility is being developed at GANIL. Five bunch extension monitors will be installed at the beginning of the LINAC between superconducting cavities. The principle of operation is based on the registration of x-rays induced by ions of accelerator beam interacting with a thin tungsten wire positioned on the beam path. The monitor consists of two parts: a system for wire insertion and positioning, and an x-ray detector based on microchannel plates (MCPs). A detector prototype has been developed over the past three years and was tested using both protons and heavy ions beams.

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TUPF04

Numerical Calculations for the FAIR Proton Linac BPMs

simulation, proton, pick-up, vacuum

303

C.S. Simon
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
M.H. Almalki, P. Forck, W. Kaufmann, T. Sieber
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
V. Bellego
CEA/IRFU, Gif-sur-Yvette, France

Fourteen Beam Position Monitors (BPMs) will be installed along the FAIR Proton LINAC. These monitors will be used to determine the beam position, the relative beam current and the mean beam energy by time of flight (TOF). A capacitive button type pickup was chosen for its easy mechanical realization and for the short insertion length which is important for the four BPMs locations of the inter-tank sections between the CH-cavities. Depending on the location, the BPM design has to be optimized, taking into account an energy range from 3 MeV to 70 MeV, limited space for installation and a 30 mm or 50 mm beam pipe aperture. This paper reports wake field numerical simulations performed by the code CST PARTICLE STUDIO to design and characterize the BPMs. Time of response of monitors are presented and results of calculations for various pickup-geometries are discussed taking into account different beam velocities.

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TUPF16

FRIB Beam Position Monitor Pick-Up Design

pick-up, cryogenics, ion, cavity

355

O. Yair, J.L. Crisp, G. Kiupel, S.M. Lidia, R.C. Webber
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Due to the different beam diameters and the inclusion of superconducting cavities, different Beam Position Monitor (BPM) types with welded buttons are to be used in the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). The varying BPM sizes include the following apertures: 40 mm, 50 mm, 100 mm, and 150 mm. The 40 mm BPMs include both warm and cold types where the cold BPMs are located in cryomodules next to SRF cavities. Steel-jacketed SiO2 coaxial cables with sealed SMA connectors have been selected as signal cables in the cryomodule insulating vacuum. These will connect to the BPM assembly at roughly 4 K temperature at one end and to the feedthrough flange in the vacuum vessel wall at 300 K at the other end. The 40 mm and 50 mm BPMs will include 20 mm custom-made buttons. The 100 mm and 150 mm aperture BPM buttons will be larger, anywhere from 30 mm to 40 mm. This paper will specify the mechanical and electrical design challenges and the resolutions associated with FRIB operations in the following areas: varying BPM conditions, changes in apertures, and variants in button sizes.

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TUPD07

Performance Demonstration of the Non-Invasive Bunch Shape Monitor at GSI High Current LINAC

background, electron, ion, detector

421

B. Zwicker, O.K. Kester
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
C. Dorn, P. Forck, O.K. Kester, P. Kowina, B. Zwicker
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Funding: Supported by EU-Project CRISP, WP3 T1 ‘Non-intercepting Bunch Shape Monitors‘
At the heavy ion LINAC at GSI, a novel scheme of non-invasive Bunch Shape Monitor has been tested with several ions beam at 11.4 MeV/u and beam current in the range from 80 μA to 1000 μA. Caused by the beam impact on the residual gas, secondary electrons are liberated. These electrons are accelerated by an electrostatic field, transported through a sophisticated electrostatic energy analyzer and an rf-deflector, acting as a time-to-space converter. Finally a MCP amplifies the electrons and the electron distribution is detected by a CCD camera. For the applied beam settings this Bunch Shape Monitor is able to obtain longitudinal profiles down to of 250 ps RMS width with an RMS resolution of 34 ps, corresponding to 0.5° of the 36 MHz acceleration frequency. Systematic parameter studies, for the device were performed to demonstrate the applicability and to determine the achievable resolution. The background contribution, as orginated by x-rays, are investigated.

Poster TUPD07 [4.425 MB]

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TUPD09

Vacuum Improvement of Bunch Shape Monitor for J-PARC Linac

vacuum, target, high-voltage, electron

430

A. Miura, Y. Kawane, N. Ouchi
JAEA/J-PARC, Tokai-mura, Japan
T. Miyao
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

During the shutdown in summer 2012, we installed three BSMs (Bunch Shape Monitors) at the upstream of the ACS (Annular Coupled Structure Linac) section in order to perform longitudinal matching. ACS cavities were installed in summer 2013 to upgrade the Linac energy from 181 MeV to 400 MeV. Prior to the ACS installation, BSMs were installed and the beam commissioning of the BSMs has been conducted after the summer shutdown in 2012. During the BSM measurements, a problem of the degradation in vacuum conditions was found. One reason for this problem is the dark current resulting in the desorption of absorbed gas molecules. And another reason is the outgas released from materials when the high voltage and RF power are supplied for the electro-static lens and RF deflector, respectively. In order to solve this problem, BSMs were dismounted from the beam line and the off-line baking operations with outgas analysis had been performed to avoid the degradation of the vacuum. As the result of the gas analysis, we found that the outgas contains some heavy hydrocarbons. After these heavy hydrocarbon gaseous were removed and the vacuum level improved for about one order, we completed off-line baking. We will install all three BSMs in at the upstream of the ACS again with the additional vacuum pumps. This paper describes the vacuum degradation of the BSMs, how to conduct the baking operation for BSMs and its results. The improved set-ups of the vacuum are also introduced.

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TUPD12

Development of Non-Invasive Electron Beam Position Monitor Based on Coherent Diffraction Radiation from a Slit

electron, radiation, target, detector

442

Y. Taira, R. Kuroda, M. Tanaka, H. Toyokawa
AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
K. Sakaue
Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
H. Tomizawa
RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan

Funding: This work was supported by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (26246046).
Diffraction radiation (DR), which is closely related to transition radiation, is emitted when an electron passes near an edge or interface between two media with different dielectric constants. Theoretical and experimental investigation of DR is widely performing for a non-intercepting electron beam diagnostic. We have developed an electron bunch length and a beam position monitor using a coherent diffraction radiation (CDR), which is in the range of sub-millimeter wavelength. The frequency spectrum of CDR depends on a form factor expressed as the Fourier transform of the longitudinal particle distribution. We have measured the spatial intensity distribution of CDR emitted from the metallic edge with a terahertz camera. Total intensity passing through band pass filters (BPFs) was decreased as the transmission frequency of BPFs is increased up to 6 THz. The result indicates that the bunch length is few hundreds of femtosecond. A detailed data analysis is now performing. On the other hand, we have measured the intensity distribution of CDR emitted from the metallic rectangular slit. Bow-tie intensity distribution, aligned along the perpendicular direction to the slit edge, was measured with the terahertz camera. Moreover, when the electron beam did not pass through the center of the slit, an asymmetrical intensity distribution appeared. This asymmetry is due to the pre-wave zone effect. In short, we can found the beam position to the slit by measuring the asymmetry. In this conference, we will present the experimental results.

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WEPF07

Optimization of a Short Faraday Cup for Low-Energy Ions Using Numerical Simulations

electron, ion, diagnostics, simulation

544

A.G. Sosa, E. Bravin, E.D. Cantero
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C.P. Welsch
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
C.P. Welsch
The University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom

Funding: CATHI is a Marie Curie Initial Training Network funded by the European Commission under Grant Agreement Number PITN-GA-2010-264330.
ISOLDE, the heavy-ion facility at CERN is undergoing a major upgrade with the installation of a superconducting LINAC that will allow post-acceleration of ion beams up to 10 MeV/u. In this framework, customized beam diagnostics are being developed in order to fulfill the design requirements as well as to fit in the compact diagnostic boxes foreseen. The main detector of this system is a compact Faraday cup that will measure beam intensities in the range of 1 pA to 1 nA. In this contribution, simulation results of electrostatic fields and particle tracking are detailed for different Faraday cup prototypes taking into account the energy spectrum and angle of emission of the ion-induced secondary electrons.

Poster WEPF07 [1.282 MB]

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WEPF28

Failure Mode and Effects Analysis of the Beam Intensity Control for the SPIRAL2 Accelerator

controls, proton, ion, diagnostics

613

C. Jamet, T.A. Andre, B. Ducoudret, G. Ledu, S.L. Leloir, S. Loret, C. Potier de courcy
GANIL, Caen, France

The first phase of the SPIRAL2 project includes a driver and its associated new experimental areas (S3 and NFS caves). The accelerator, located in Caen (France), is based on a linear solution composed of a normal conducting RFQ and a superconducting linac. Intense primary stable beams (deuterons, protons, light and heavy ions) will be accelerated at various energies for nuclear physics. The beam intensity monitoring is a part of the operating range control of the facility. A high level of requirements is imposed on the intensity control system. In 2013, a failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) was performed by a specialized company helped by the GANIL’s Electronic group. This paper presents the analysis and evolutions of the electronic chain of measurement and control.

Poster WEPF28 [1.130 MB]

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WEPD04

High Position Resolution and High Dynamic Range Stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) Readout System for the KEKB Injector Linac Towards the SuperKEKB

positron, alignment, electron, rf-amplifier

637

R. Ichimiya, K. Furukawa, F. Miyahara, M. Satoh, T. Suwada
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan

The SuperKEKB accelerator is now being upgraded to bring the world highest luminosity (L=8x10³⁵/cm²/s). Hence, the KEKB injector linac has to produce low emittance and high charge electron (20 mm mrad, 7 GeV/c², 5 nC) and positron (20 mm mrad, 4 GeV/c², 4 nC) beam, respectively. In order to achieve these criteria, the accelerator structure has to be aligned within 0.1 mm position error. Since BPMs are essential instruments for beam based alignment (BBA), it is required to have one magnitude better position resolution to get enough alignment results. We have begun to develop high position resolution BPM readout system with narrow bandpass filters (fc = 180 MHz) and 250 MSa/s 16-bit ADCs. It handles two bunches with 96 ns interval separately and has a dynamic range from 0.1 nC to 10 nC. To compensate circuit drift, two calibration (x-direction and y-direction) pulses are output to the BPM electrodes between beam cycles (20 ms). Since it needs to achieve not only high position resolution but also good position accuracy, overall non-linearity within ±0.02 dB is required and the system has to have more than ±5 mm accurate position range. We confirmed the system performance with a 3-BPM resolution tests at KEK Injector Linac and it turned out that the system has 3 μm position resolution. We plan to install this system during 2015 summer shutdown.

Poster WEPD04 [0.828 MB]

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WEPD07

Evaluation of Libera Single Pass H for ESS LINAC

detector, instrumentation, controls, operation

647

M. Cargnelutti, M. Žnidarčič
I-Tech, Solkan, Slovenia
H. Hassanzadegan
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The Beam Position Monitor system of the ESS linac will include in total more than 140 BPM detectors of different sizes and types. The resolution and accuracy of the position measurement with the nominal 62.5 mA beam current and 2.86 ms pulse width need to be 20 ?m and 100 ?m respectively, and those of the phase measurement are 0.2 deg and 1 deg respectively. The BPM system also needs to work successfully under off-optimal conditions, ex. with a de-bunched beam, or with the current and pulse width being as low as 6 mA and 10 ?s respectively. Options for the implementation of the ESS BPM electronics include: 1) a custom or commercial front-end card combined with a commercial digitizer with in-house developed firmware and 2) a fully commercial off the shelf system. Libera Single Pass H is an instrument intended for phase, position and charge monitoring in hadron and heavy ion LINACs. The instrument was tested at the ESS laboratory, to probe the feasibility of operation with ESS beam conditions. To give a realistic picture of the device performance, different testing setups were evaluated, including all the signal and environment conditions foreseen for the final ESS linac operation. The results present resolution, precision and accuracy evaluations, as well as stressful long-term and stability tests. This paper presents the achieved results of the Libera Single Pass H for the ESS beam parameters.

Poster WEPD07 [4.257 MB]

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WEPD09

Development of a High Speed Beam Position and Phase Monitoring System for the LANSCE Linac

timing, FPGA, EPICS, network

655

H.A. Watkins, J.D. Gilpatrick, R.C. McCrady
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE) is currently developing beam position and phase measurements (BPPMs) as part of the LANSCE risk mitigation project. BPPM sensors have been installed in the 805-MHz linac and development of the monitoring electronics is near completion. The system utilizes a high speed digitizer coupled with a field programmable gate array (FPGA) mounted in a VPX chassis to measure position, phase and intensity of a variety of beam structures. These systems will be deployed throughout the LANSCE facility. Details of the hardware selection and performance of the system for different timing structures are presented.

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WEPD13

Development of the SwissFEL Undulator BPM System

pick-up, cavity, undulator, electronics

675

M. Stadler, R. Baldinger, R. Ditter, B. Keil, F. Marcellini, G. Marinkovic, M. Roggli, M. Rohrer
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

For SwissFEL, two types of cavity BPMs are used. In the linac, injector and transfer lines, low-Q dual-resonator cavity BPMs with a loaded Q (QL) of ~40 and 3.3GHz mode frequency allow easy separation of the two adjacent bunches with 28ns bunch spacing. For the undulators that receive only single bunches from a beam distribution kicker with 100Hz repetition rate, dual-resonator BPM pickups with higher QL are used. The baseline version for the undulator BPMs is a stainless steel pickup with QL=200 and 3.3GHz frequency. In addition, an alternative version with copper resonators, QL=1000 and 4.8GHz frequency has been investigated. For both pickups, prototypes were built and tested. The status of pickup and electronics development as well as the latest prototype test results are reported.

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WEPD17

Commissioning Results of MicroTCA.4 Stripline BPM System

electronics, synchrotron, synchrotron-radiation, booster

680

C. Xu, S. Allison, S. L. Hoobler, D.J. Martin, J.J. Olsen, T. Straumann, A. Young
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
H.-S. Kang, C. Kim, S.J. Lee, G. Mun
PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk, Republic of Korea

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy under Contract Numbers DE-AC02-06CH11357, DE-AC02-76SF00515, and WFOA13-197
SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory is a premier photon science laboratory. SLAC has a Free Electron Laser facility that will produce 0.5 to 77 Angstroms x-rays and a synchrotron light source facility. In order to achieve this high level of performance, the beam position measurement system needs to be accurate so the electron beam bunch can be stable. We have designed a general purpose stripline Beam Position Monitor (BPM) system that has a dynamic range of 10pC to 1nC bunch charge. The BPM system uses the MicroTCA (Micro Telecommunication Computing Architecture) for physics platform that consists of a 14-bit 250 MSPS ADC module (SIS8300 from Struck) that uses the Zone 3 A1.x classification for the Rear Transition Module (RTM). This paper will discuss the commissioning result at SLAC LCLS-I, SLAC SSRL, and Pohang Accelerator Laboratory. The RTM architecture includes a bandpass filter at 300MHz with 30 MHz bandwidth, and an automated BPM calibration process. The RTM communicates with the AMC FPGA using a QSPI interface over the zone 3 connection.

Poster WEPD17 [5.087 MB]

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