• R. Ferdinand, G. Congretel, A. Curtoni, O. Delferriere, A. France, D. Leboeuf, J. Thinel, J.-C. Toussaint
  CEA/DSM/DAPNIA, Gif-sur-Yvette
• A.C. Caruso
  INFN/LNS, Catania
• M. Di Giacomo
  GANIL, Caen

• G. Bisoffi, G. Bassato, A. Battistella, G.P. Bezzon, l. Boscagli, A. Calore, S. Canella, D. Carlucci, F. Chiurlotto, M. Comunian, M. De Lazzari, A. Facco, E. Fagotti, A. Lombardi, P. Modanese, M.F. Moisio, A. Pisent, M. Poggi, A.M. Porcellato, S. Stark
  INFN/LNL, Legnaro, Padova

• A. Pisent, G. Bisoffi, D. Carlucci, M. Cavenago, F. Chiurlotto, M. Comunian, E. Fagotti, A. Galatà, M. Poggi, A.M. Porcellato, M. Sattin
  INFN/LNL, Legnaro, Padova
• T. Kulevoy
  ITEP, Moscow

• M. Ikegami, Z. Igarashi, S. Lee
  KEK, Ibaraki
• H. Akikawa, K. Hasegawa, Y. Kondo, T. Ohkawa
  JAERI, Ibaraki-ken
• H. Ao, S. Sato, T. Tomisawa, A. Ueno
  JAERI/LINAC, Ibaraki-ken

• Y.-S. Cho, S.-H. Han, J.-H. Jang, H.-S. Kim, Y.-H. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, M.-Y. Park, K.T. Seol
  KAERI, Daejon

A 3MeV RFQ upgrade for 100MeV proton accelerator has been fabricated at PEFP (Proton Engineering Frontier Project). The tuning of the cavity was carried out before and after the brazing to meet the condition that the quadrupole field profile is within 1% of design value and dipole component is less than 1% of quadrupole one. The ancillary system such as high power RF including klystron power supply and cooling system were already tested up to operating level. Therefore, the main issues of the tests were cavity conditioning up to full power level and low duty beam test. After the completion of the beam test of RFQ itself, the 20MeV DTL which has been tested independently will be carried out. In this paper, the test results of the PEFP 3MeV RFQ upgrade including high power conditioning and low duty beam acceleration are presented.

• J.-H. Jang, Y.-S. Cho, Y.-H. Kim, H.-J. Kwon
  KAERI, Daejon

A MEBT system of the PEFP(Proton Engineering Frontier Project) has to be installed after the 20MeV DTL where the beam will be supplied to the user group through a beam extraction system. Until now we don't have a plan to put in some matching devices between the RFQ and 20MeV DTL except using the four quadrupole magnets in the first DTL tank as transverse matching tools. The MEBT plays the key role to match the 20MeV output beam into the next accelerator in the longitudinal direction as well as transverse one. This report shows the basic concept and the design status of the system.

• H.-S. Kim, Y.-S. Cho, S.-H. Han, J.-H. Jang, Y.-H. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, M.-Y. Park, K.T. Seol
  KAERI, Daejon
• Y.-S. Hwang
  SNU, Seoul

A conventional 20MeV drift tube linac (DTL) for the Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP) has been developed as a low energy section of 100MeV accelerator. The machine consists of four tanks with 152 cells supplied with 900kW RF power from 350MHz klystron through the ridge-loaded waveguide coupler. We assembled the fabricated accelerator components and aligned each part with care. We have also prepared the subsystems for the test of the DTL such as RF power delivery system, high voltage DC power supply, vacuum system, cooling system, measurements and control system and so on. The detailed description of the initial test setup and preliminary test results will be given in this paper.

• H.-S. Kim, Y.-S. Cho, Y.-H. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol
  KAERI, Daejon
• Y.-S. Hwang
  SNU, Seoul

A 100MeV proton accelerator is under development for the Proton Engineering Frontier Project (PEFP). The goal of the first stage of the project is to develop a 20MeV accelerator and the initial test of the 20MeV accelerator will be made. The DTL of 20 MeV accelerator consists of four tanks and will be driven with single klystron, which gives rise to some unique problems with regard to the way of independent resonance control for each tank. Some changes made in the LLRF for reducing phase or amplitude error of cavities affect all of four tanks simultaneously, for which it is not possible to use LLRF for individual control of phase and amplitude of each tank. For independent control of each tank, we are going to use the temperature control of the drift tubes as a frequency tuner. During the initial test of the DTL, the phase of each tank will be synchronized with the first tank phase, and beam based test will be performed as if all of tanks were single unit. The detailed description of the test scheme and the analysis results will be given in this paper.

• H.-J. Kwon, Y.-S. Cho, J.-H. Jang, H.-S. Kim, Y.-H. Kim
  KAERI, Daejon

A 100MeV proton accelerator has been developed at PEFP (Proton Engineering Frontier Project) as a 21C Frontier Project. The goal of the first stage of the project is to develop a 20MeV accelerator. The 20MeV accelerator consists of ion source, LEBT, 3MeV RFQ and 20MeV DTL. The 3MeV RFQ was already installed and being tested. During preliminary test, some problems, such as the resonant frequency and field profile tuning, sharp edge in the vane end, inadequate RF seals have been found out. Therefore, it was decided to fabricate another RFQ. The RFQ upgrade includes some characteristics such as constant voltage profile, adoption of transition cell which are different from present one. In this paper, the fabrication of the PEFP 3MeV RFQ upgrade are presented.

• A. Feschenko, S. Bragin, Y. Kiselev, L.V. Kravchuk, O. Volodkevich
  RAS/INR, Moscow
• A.V. Aleksandrov, J. Galambos, S. Henderson, A.P. Shishlo
  ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

The ?t procedure is a time of flight technique for setting the phases and amplitudes of accelerating fields in a multi-cavity linac. It was initially proposed and developed for the LAMPF linac in the early seventies and since then has been used in several accelerators. The SNS linac includes four CCL modules (Side Coupled Structure) operating at 805 MHz for the energy range from 86.8 MeV up to 185.6 MeV. The ?t procedure has been implemented for the SNS CCL linac and was used for its initial beam commissioning. Brief theory of the procedure, the results of the design parameter calculations and the experimental results of phase and amplitude setpoints are presented and discussed.

• D. Raparia, J.G. Alessi, A. Ruggiero, W.-T. Weng
  BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York

BNL plans to upgrade the AGS proton beam from the current 0.14 MW to higher than 1.0 MW and beyond for such a neutrino facility. We have examined possible upgrades to the AGS complex that would meet the requirements of the proton beam for a 1.0 MW neutrino superbeam facility. We are proposing to replace part of the existing 200 MeV linac with coupled cavity structure from 116 MeV to 400 MeV and then add additional 1.1 GeV superconducting linac to reach a final energy of 1.5 GeV for direct H^- injection into the AGS. We will present possible choices for the upgrade and our choice and its design.

• V.P. Derenchuk, V. Anferov, G.W. East, D. Friesel, W.P. Jones
  IUCF, Bloomington, Indiana
• R.W. Hamm
  AccSys, Pleasanton, California
• J.W.  Staples
  LBNL, Berkeley, California

A 750 keV RFQ proton pre-injector was installed in place of a 600 keV Cockroft-Walton high voltage terminal for the IUCF k220 Cyclotron.* The pre-injector consists of a 20 keV microwave ion source and LEBT, a unique design 750 keV CW RFQ, and a short transfer beam line to the k15 injector cyclotron center region.** This pre-injector system was installed and commissioned in June of 2003 and is now in routine service as the sole injection system to the cyclotrons. This contribution will discuss the performance of the CW RFQ pre-injector and the transmission properties of the beam through the cyclotrons.

*D.L.Friesel, et al., App. of Acc. in Res. and Ind., eds. J.L. Duggan and I.L. Morgan, Denton, 651(2000). **V.P. Derenchuk, et al., 2003 Particle Accelerator Conference, Portland, OR, (2003), edited by A. Jackson and E. Lee.

• V.P. Derenchuk, D.V. Baxter, A. Bogdanov, W.P. Jones, T. Rinckel, K. A. Solberg
  IUCF, Bloomington, Indiana

The Indiana University Cyclotron Facility (IUCF) has constructed and placed in operation a Low Energy Neutron Source (LENS) using a 10 mA, 7 MeV proton beam incident on a beryllium target. The proton delivery system (PDS) consists of a 25 keV proton injector, an AccSys Technology, Inc. PL7 Linac* and a beam transport line with non-linear beam spreading.** The accelerator and beamline equipment used in this construction are refurbished and upgraded components from the IUCF CIS/Cooler synchrotron*** facility. After commissioning the beam current at 7 MeV will be 10 mA with a pulse width of up to 300 μs and > 1% duty factor. The PDS was constructed and commissioning started in 2004. First operating results will be described.

*D.L. Friesel and W. Hunt, Linac98, pp61-63. **W.P. Jones, et. al., "Non-Linear Beam Transport System for the LENS 7 MeV Proton Beam," this proceedings. ***D.L. Friesel, et. al., EPAC2000, pp. 539-541.

• Y. Liu, J.R. Beene, C.C. Havener, J. F. Liang
  ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
• A.C. Havener
  University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee

A novel method is described for selective suppression of isobar contaminants in negative radioactive ion beams. Negative ion beams extracted from an ion source were decelerated to low energies and injected into a gas-filled radio-frequency quadrupole (RFQ) ion guide where the ions were cooled and unwanted ions were selectively removed by non-resonant photodetachment with photons of sufficient energy. Simulation studies show that the laser-ion interaction time in a 40 cm long RFQ ion guide can be on the order of milliseconds, thus, high efficiency photodetachment is possible with commercially available CW lasers. There are a number of adjacent-Z species whose negative ions are such that photodetachment can be used to suppress the unwanted negative ion species while leaving the species of interest intact. Examples of particular interest include suppressing the 56Co- component in a mixed 56Ni- + 56Co- beam and the 17O- component in a mixed 17O- + 17F- beam. In a proof–of-principle experiment a CW Nd:YAG laser at 1064 nm wavelength was used to selectively remove Co- ions in the (Ni, Co) pair. With laser power on the order of 3 W, 95% of Co- beams were suppressed while only 10% of Ni- beams were neutralized in a He-filled RFQ guide.

• P.N. Ostroumov, K.W. Shepard
  ANL, Argonne, Illinois
• G.W. Foster, I.G. Gonin, G. Romanov
  Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois

The proposed 8-GeV driver at FNAL is based on ~480 independently phased SC resonators. Significant cost saving is expected by using an rf power fan out from high-power klystrons to multiple cavities. Successful development of superconducting (SC) multi-spoke resonators operating at ~345-350 MHz provides a strong basis for their application in the front end of multi-GeV linear accelerators. Such a front-end operating at 325 MHz would enable direct transition to high-gradient 1300 MHz SC TESLA-style cavities at ~400 MeV. The proposed front end consists of 5 sections: a conventional RFQ, room-temperature (RT) cross-bar H-type (CH) cavities, single-, double^- and triple-spoke superconducting resonators. For several reasons which are discussed in this paper there is a large advantage in using independently phased RT CH-cavities between the RFQ and SC sections in the energy range 3-15 MeV.

• P.N. Ostroumov, V.N. Aseev
  ANL, Argonne, Illinois
• A. Kolomiets
  ITEP, Moscow

The RIB linac includes two strippers for the heaviest ions and three main sections: a room temperature injector up to an energy of ~100 keV/u, a superconducting (SC) linac for ions with charge-to-mass ratio 1/66 or more up to an energy of ~1 MeV and a higher energy SC linac to produce 10 MeV/u beams up to the mass of uranium. The RIA post-accelerator is a complex system designed for acceleration singly-charged ions before the stripper and includes many different accelerating and focusing structures operating both at room and cryogenic temperatures. Extensive accelerator design studies and end-to-end beam dynamics simulations have been performed to minimize the cost of the linac while providing high-quality and high-intensity radioactive beams. Specifically, we have found that cost-effective acceleration can be provided by several hybrid RFQs in the front end. The hybrid RFQs have been proposed and developed for acceleration of low-velocity heavy ions.* For the beam focusing in the second section it is appropriate to use electrostatic lenses and SC quadrupoles inside common cryostats with the resonators. The electrostatic lenses are most effective in the first cryostat of the SC linac.

*P.N. Ostroumov and A.A. Kolomiets. Proc. of the PAC-2001, Chicago, IL, June 18-22, 2001, p. 4077.

• P.N. Ostroumov, K.W. Shepard
  ANL, Argonne, Illinois
• J.R. Delayen
  Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia

A design option for the 1.4 GV, multiple-charge-state driver linac required for the U.S. Rare Isotope Accelerator Project based on 345 MHz, 3-cell spoke-loaded cavities has been previously discussed.* This paper updates consideration of design options for the RIA driver, including recent results from numerically-modeling the multi-charge-state beam dynamics and also cold test results for prototype superconducting niobium 3-cell spoke-loaded cavities.

*"High-energy ion linacs based on superconducting spoke cavities," K.W. Shepard, P.N. Ostroumov, and J.R. Delayen, Phys. Rev. ST Accel. Beams 6, 080101 (2003).

• S. Henderson, A.V. Aleksandrov, D.A. Bartkoski, C. Chu, S.M. Cousineau, V.V. Danilov, G.W. Dodson, J. Galambos, D.-O. Jeon, M.A. Plum, M.P. Stockli
  ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

The Spallation Neutron Source accelerator systems will provide a 1.0 GeV, 1.4 MW proton beam to a liquid mercury target for neutron production. The accelerator complex consists of an H^- injector capable of producing 38 mA peak current, a 1 GeV linear accelerator, an accumulator ring and associated transport lines. The linear accelerator consists of a Drift Tube Linac, a Coupled-Cavity Linac and a Superconducting Linac which provide 1.5 mA average current to the accumulator ring. The staged beam commissioning of the accelerator complex is proceeding as component installation progresses. Recently, the normal-conducting linear accelerator was beam commissioned. A number of beam dynamics and beam quality measurements will be reported, including the measurement of transverse emittances in the H^- injector, and the evolution of halo and emittance along the linac.

• S. Henderson, I.E. Campisi, J. Galambos, D.-O. Jeon, Y. Zhang
  ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

We describe the techniques which will be employed for establishing RF and quadrupole setpoints in the SNS superconducting linac. The longitudinal tuneup will be accomplished using phase-scan methods, as well as a technique that makes use of the beam induced field in the unpowered cavity.* The scheme for managing the RF and quadrupole setpoints to achieve a given energy profile will be described.

*L. Young, Proc. PAC 2001, p. 572.

• D.-O. Jeon, C. Chu, V.V. Danilov
  ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee

It is crucial to minimize beam loss and machine activation by obtaining optimal transverse matching for a high-intensity linear accelerator such as the Spallation Neutron Source linac. For matching the Drift Tube Linac (DTL) to Coupled Cavity Linac (CCL), there are four wire-scanners installed in series in CCL module 1 as proposed by the author.* A series of measurements was conducted to minimize envelope breathing and the results are presented here. As an independent approach, Chu et al is developing an application based on another technique by estimating rms emittance using the wire scanner profile data.** For matching the Medium Energy Beam Transport Line to the DTL, a technique of minimizing rms emittance was used and emittance data show that tail is minimized as well.

*D. Jeon et al., "A technique to transversely match high intensity linac using only rms beam size from wire-scanners," Proceedings of LINAC2002 Conference, p. 88. **C. Chu et al., "Transverse beam matching application for SNS," in this conference proceedings.

• S. Mikhailov, M.D. Busch, M. Emamian, J.F. Faircloth, S.M. Hartman, J. Li, V. Popov, G. Swift, V. Vylet, P.W. Wallace, P. Wang, Y.K. Wu
  DU/FEL, Durham, North Carolina
• O. Anchugov, N. Gavrilov, G.Y. Kurkin, Yu. Matveev, D. Shvedov, N. Vinokurov
  BINP SB RAS, Protvino, Moscow Region

This paper presents the current status of the booster synchrotron for the Duke FEL storage ring. The booster will provide full energy injection into the storage ring in a wide energy range from 0.27 to 1.2 GeV. When operating the Duke FEL storage ring as the High Intensity Gamma Source (HIGS) to produce gamma photons above 20 MeV with Compton scattering, continuous electron loss occurs. The top-off mode operation of the booster injector will enable the continuous operation of the HIGS facility by replenishing the lost electrons. The design requirement for a compact booster with the single bunch extraction capability remains a challenge for the machine development. Presently, the booster project is in the installation phase. The magnetic elements, vacuum chambers, injection and extraction kickers have been fabricated in the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Russia. The diagnostic and control system is being developed in the FEL lab, Duke University. The commissioning of the booster synchrotron is planned for fall 2005.

• V.V. Mytrochenko, M.I. Ayzatskiy, V.N. Boriskin, A. Dovbnya, I.V. Khodak, V.A. Kushnir, A. Opanasenko, S.A. Perezhogin, A.N. Savchenko, D.L. Stepin, V.I. Tatanov, Z.V. Zhiglo
  NSC/KIPT, Kharkov

• H. Hanaki, T. Asaka, H. Dewa, T. Kobayashi, A. Mizuno, S. Suzuki, T. Taniuchi, H. Tomizawa, K. Yanagida
  JASRI/SPring-8, Hyogo