Cyclotrons2013 - List of Keywords (factory)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPPT012	Progress at Varian's Superconducting Cyclotrons: A Base for the ProBeam™ Platform	cyclotron, extraction, proton, site	55
	H. Röcken, M. Abdel-Bary, E.M. Akcöltekin, P. Budz, M. Grewe, F. Klarner, A. Roth, T. Stephani, P. vom Stein VMS-PT, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany
	During the last 9 years, Varian’s superconducting isochronous ProBeam™ medical proton cyclotrons proved their maturity when they accumulated more than 20 operational years at factory testing and patient treatment without any unscheduled down time caused by quenches or failures of the cryogenic supply systems. Their reliable superconductive technology features a fast initial cool-down and low operating costs. Besides the two machines which are in clinical operation in Switzerland and Germany, one more ProBeam™ cyclotron is already fully commissioned and delivering a 250MeV proton beam at Scripps Proton Therapy Center in San Diego, USA. Several other ProBeam™ cyclotrons are under fabrication or in the phase of factory beam acceptance tests. We report on fast cool-down and time-to-beam-extraction achievements as well as on the latest status and operational experience with Varian’s ProBeam™ cyclotrons. Additionally, we give an insight in new developments for further reduction of commissioning time and improvement of reliability.

TU2PB03	Heat Transfer Study and Cooling of 10 MeV Cyclotron Cavity	cavity, cyclotron, simulation, ion	150
	S. Saboonchi, H. Afarideh AUT, Tehran, Iran M.R. Asadi PPRC, Tehran, Iran J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	The most important problem in mechanical design of RF cavity of cyclotron is generated heat by RF power loss. An optimized cooling system for cavity is necessary to prevent Dee damaging and minimizing error function of cyclotron created by displacements. Also optimization of water circuit and water flow is essential because it affects unwanted vibrations and manufacturing. In this paper an attempt has been done to design an optimized cooling system for the cavity of a 10 MeV cyclotron with frequency of 69 MHz and 50 KW RF power using ANSYS and CST software.

TUPSH007	Improvement in Design of 10 MeV AVF Cyclotron Magnet	betatron, cyclotron, simulation, magnet-design	233
	R. Solhju, H. Afarideh, B. Mahdian AUT, Tehran, Iran J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	Design study of a 10 MeV baby cyclotron which accelerates H− ions is started in March, 2012 at Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT). Up to this point, conceptual design of the cyclotron magnet is finished. This process has been done in two steps: initial design and then optimization. After finishing the initial design of the magnet by CST software and adopting hard-edge approximation for finding the pole tip, an optimization process has been followed to smooth the pole edge in order to decrease the tension in sharp edges of the pole. In this paper, we are going to explain about the optimization process in details. Actually, we tried to fit the best curve at the pole edges of the magnet with goal of having minimum magnetic field error. Also a short report of results which was obtained before optimization is provided here. Precision of this design is ensured by checking the magnetic field and beam dynamic parameters during the optimization.

FR1PB02	Secondary Particle Dose and RBE Measurements Using High-Energy Proton Beams	proton, radiation, background, ion	464
	M. Ghergherehchi, J.-S. Chai SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea D.H. Shin NCC, Goyang, Kyeonggi, Republic of Korea
	High- and intermediate-energy protons are not able to directly form a track in a CR-39 etch detector (TED). Such detectors, however, can be used for the detection and dosimetry of the beams of these particles through the registration of secondary charged particles with sufficiently high values of linear energy transfer (LET). The studied were realized in a clinical proton beam of the NCC Korea, with primary energy of 72 to 220 MeV (1.1 to 0.4 KeV/ μm). The contribution of the secondary particle dose and the value of RBE both increase with decreasing proton energy. A strong agreement between experimentally obtained results and the predicted total cross sections was verified by the Alice code. Stimulation of the secondary particle dose by the Geant4 code also predicted results in agreement by experimental results. It is clear that higher cross sectional values lead to an increased production of secondary particles. This secondary particle dose is highly important for applications such as radiotherapy, radiobiology, and radiation protection.
	Slides FR1PB02 [2.955 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPPT012

Progress at Varian's Superconducting Cyclotrons: A Base for the ProBeam™ Platform

cyclotron, extraction, proton, site

55

H. Röcken, M. Abdel-Bary, E.M. Akcöltekin, P. Budz, M. Grewe, F. Klarner, A. Roth, T. Stephani, P. vom Stein
VMS-PT, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany

During the last 9 years, Varian’s superconducting isochronous ProBeam™ medical proton cyclotrons proved their maturity when they accumulated more than 20 operational years at factory testing and patient treatment without any unscheduled down time caused by quenches or failures of the cryogenic supply systems. Their reliable superconductive technology features a fast initial cool-down and low operating costs. Besides the two machines which are in clinical operation in Switzerland and Germany, one more ProBeam™ cyclotron is already fully commissioned and delivering a 250MeV proton beam at Scripps Proton Therapy Center in San Diego, USA. Several other ProBeam™ cyclotrons are under fabrication or in the phase of factory beam acceptance tests. We report on fast cool-down and time-to-beam-extraction achievements as well as on the latest status and operational experience with Varian’s ProBeam™ cyclotrons. Additionally, we give an insight in new developments for further reduction of commissioning time and improvement of reliability.

TU2PB03

Heat Transfer Study and Cooling of 10 MeV Cyclotron Cavity

cavity, cyclotron, simulation, ion

150

S. Saboonchi, H. Afarideh
AUT, Tehran, Iran
M.R. Asadi
PPRC, Tehran, Iran
J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

The most important problem in mechanical design of RF cavity of cyclotron is generated heat by RF power loss. An optimized cooling system for cavity is necessary to prevent Dee damaging and minimizing error function of cyclotron created by displacements. Also optimization of water circuit and water flow is essential because it affects unwanted vibrations and manufacturing. In this paper an attempt has been done to design an optimized cooling system for the cavity of a 10 MeV cyclotron with frequency of 69 MHz and 50 KW RF power using ANSYS and CST software.

TUPSH007

Improvement in Design of 10 MeV AVF Cyclotron Magnet

betatron, cyclotron, simulation, magnet-design

233

R. Solhju, H. Afarideh, B. Mahdian
AUT, Tehran, Iran
J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

Design study of a 10 MeV baby cyclotron which accelerates H− ions is started in March, 2012 at Amirkabir University of Technology (AUT). Up to this point, conceptual design of the cyclotron magnet is finished. This process has been done in two steps: initial design and then optimization. After finishing the initial design of the magnet by CST software and adopting hard-edge approximation for finding the pole tip, an optimization process has been followed to smooth the pole edge in order to decrease the tension in sharp edges of the pole. In this paper, we are going to explain about the optimization process in details. Actually, we tried to fit the best curve at the pole edges of the magnet with goal of having minimum magnetic field error. Also a short report of results which was obtained before optimization is provided here. Precision of this design is ensured by checking the magnetic field and beam dynamic parameters during the optimization.

FR1PB02

Secondary Particle Dose and RBE Measurements Using High-Energy Proton Beams

proton, radiation, background, ion

464

M. Ghergherehchi, J.-S. Chai
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
D.H. Shin
NCC, Goyang, Kyeonggi, Republic of Korea

High- and intermediate-energy protons are not able to directly form a track in a CR-39 etch detector (TED). Such detectors, however, can be used for the detection and dosimetry of the beams of these particles through the registration of secondary charged particles with sufficiently high values of linear energy transfer (LET). The studied were realized in a clinical proton beam of the NCC Korea, with primary energy of 72 to 220 MeV (1.1 to 0.4 KeV/ μm). The contribution of the secondary particle dose and the value of RBE both increase with decreasing proton energy. A strong agreement between experimentally obtained results and the predicted total cross sections was verified by the Alice code. Stimulation of the secondary particle dose by the Geant4 code also predicted results in agreement by experimental results. It is clear that higher cross sectional values lead to an increased production of secondary particles. This secondary particle dose is highly important for applications such as radiotherapy, radiobiology, and radiation protection.

Slides FR1PB02 [2.955 MB]