02 Cyclotron Technology
Paper Title Page
MOB01 Recent Progress in RIKEN RI Beam Factory 12
 
  • O. Kamigaito, T. Dantsuka, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, H. Hasebe, Y. Higurashi, E. Ikezawa, H. Imao, M. Kidera, M. Komiyama, K. Kumagai, T. Maie, T. Nagatomo, T. Nakagawa, M. Nakamura, T. Nishi, J. Ohnishi, H. Okuno, K. Ozeki, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda, A. Uchiyama, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada
    RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
  • Y.M. Miyake
    RIKEN, Saitama, Japan
  
  Recent efforts at the RIKEN RI Beam Factory (RIBF) are aimed at increasing the beam intensity for very heavy ions such as xenon and uranium. This paper presents upgrade programs carried out over the past few years, including modifications of the RF cavities of the RIKEN Ring Cyclotron and improvements of the charge stripper. The current performance of the RIBF accelerators and future plans to further increase the beam intensity are also presented.  
slides icon Slides MOB01 [13.848 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOB01  
About • paper received ※ 13 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP001 Design and Commissioning of RF System for SC200 Cyclotron 21
 
  • G. Chen, C. Chao, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, G. Liu, X.Y. Long, Z. Peng, Y. Song, C. Yu, X. Zhang, Y. Zhao
    ASIPP, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
  • L. Calabretta, A.C. Caruso
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • O. Karamyshev
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • G.A. Karamysheva, G. Shirkov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  The SC200 proton therapy superconducting cyclotron is currently under construction by ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The radio frequency (RF) system which provides an accelerating electric field for the particles, has been designed and tested in a high-power commissioning. The RF system consists of RF cavity, Low-level RF control system, RF source, transmission network and so on. The main performances of RF cavity meet design and use requirements in the cold test. The RF cavity achieved with an unload Q factor of 5200 at the resonant frequency of 91.5 MHz, 60 kV (Center)~120 kV (Extraction) accelerating voltage and coupling state of S11 <-30 dB. The low-level RF (LLRF) system has been tested with an amplitude stability of <0.2% and a phase stability of <0.1 degree in the high-power commissioning. What is more, the cavity operated in a ~50 kW continuous wave state after 4 weeks RF conditioning. Some risks have exposed at higher power test, but related solutions and improvements have been developed. In future work, the target of RF system is effective operation under the overall assembly of cyclotron after further optimization and RF conditioning.  
poster icon Poster MOP001 [0.720 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP001  
About • paper received ※ 09 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP002 Recent Progress on Ion Source of SC200 Cyclotron 24
 
  • Y. Zhao, G. Chen
    ASIPP, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
  • L. Calabretta
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  • O. Karamyshev
    JINR/DLNP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • G.A. Karamysheva, G. Shirkov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • S.W. Xu
    USTC, Hefei, Anhui, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 11775258 & 11575237 and International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project of Anhui (grant No. 1704e1002207).
A 200MeV compact superconducting cyclotron, named SC200, for proton therapy is under development by collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China) and JINR (Dubna, Russia). The ion source is a significant subsystem of the cyclotron. A hot cathode internal ion source has been designed and tested for SC200 cyclotron. The ion source has been successfully arc discharged on the test bench. The extracted beam current has been measured over 100 uA and filament lifetime of ion source exceeded 100 h, which indicated that the ion source meets the design requirements. The stability of the filament under strong magnetic field has also been tested and the differences between the two kinds of filament are compared. 		 
poster icon Poster MOP002 [0.519 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP002  
About • paper received ※ 09 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP003 Optimal Design and Fluid-Solid Coupling Thermal Analysis of SC200 Superconducting Proton Cyclotron Electrostatic Deflector 27
 
  • Y. Xu, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, X.Y. Huang, J. Li, K. Pei, Y. Song
    ASIPP, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
  • K. Gu
    HFCIM, HeFei, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: National Natural Science Foundation of China under grant No. 11775258 & 11575237 and International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Project of Anhui (grant No. 1704e1002207).
In recent years, the study of proton therapy equipment has received increasing attention in China. Hefei CAS Ion Medical and Technical Devices Co., Ltd. (HFCIM) is developing a proton medical device based on the super-conducting proton cyclotron. The electrostatic deflector (ESD) is the key extraction component of the SC200 superconducting cyclotron, which uses a high-intensity electric field to bend the beam from the track. The fierce interaction between the proton beam and the deflector septum, causes a great loss of beam and unwanted excess heat accumulation and radiation. In order to minimize the risk of damage caused by the proton beam loss, the fluid solid-thermal coupling analysis of the deflector was per-formed by applying computational fluid dynamics (CFD) on ANSYS. The maximum temperatures of the septum in various cases of the cooling water speed, the septum thickness and material have been investigated respective-ly. The result based on analysis provide a valuable refer-ence for the further optimization on the material selection and structural design for ESD. 		 
poster icon Poster MOP003 [0.735 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP003  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP004 Beam Dynamics Simulation of the Extraction for a Superconducting Cyclotron SC240 31
 
  • Z. Wu, K.Z. Ding, J. Li, Y. Song
    ASIPP, Hefei, People’s Republic of China
  • Z. Wang
    HFCIM, HeFei, People’s Republic of China
  
  In order to diversify the company’s cyclotron, a design study has been carried out on a 240 MeV superconducting cyclotron SC240 for proton therapy, which is based on our experience in design of SC200. In order to increase turn separation and extraction efficiency, resonant precessional extraction method is employed in the extraction system. A first harmonic field consistent with the Gaussian distribution is added to introduce beam precessional motion. Its effects on phase space evolution and turn separation increase is studied by a high efficiency beam dynamics simulation code. According to the study, its amplitude and phase have been optimized to meet the requirements of extraction beam dynamics. Based on beam dynamics simulation, the parameters of extraction system elements (two electrostatic deflectors and six magnetic channels) are chosen. Besides, the effects of sectors spiral direction on beam extraction are studied. Extraction efficiencies and beam parameters have been calculated.  
poster icon Poster MOP004 [1.696 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP004  
About • paper received ※ 14 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP006 The Design and Simulation on the Extraction System for CYCIAE-50 35
 
  • S. An, F.P. Guan, P. Huang, L.Y. Ji, M. Li, Y.L. Lv, S.M. Wei, L.P. Wen, H.D. Xie, J.S. Xing, T.J. Zhang, X. Zheng
    CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  A 50 MeV H− compact cyclotron (CYCIAE-50) as a proton irradiation facility is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy. The proton beam with the energy of 30 MeV to 50 MeV and the current of 10 uA will be extracted by a single stripping extraction system. In order to reduce the beam loss, the combination magnet is fixed inside the magnetism yoke. The positions of stripping points for the different extraction energy are calculated and the extracted beam trajectories after stripping foil are simulated in detail in this paper. The extracted beam distribution after stripping foil and the extracted beam characters will be studied in this paper. The beam parameters after extraction will be given by the extracting orbit simulation. The design on the whole stripping extraction system has been finished and will be presented in this paper.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP006  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP007 The Design and Calculation on the Injection and Central Region for CYCIAE-50 39
 
  • L.Y. Ji, S. An, F.P. Guan, P. Huang, X.L. Jia, Y.L. Lv, C. Wang, S.L. Wang, T.J. Zhang, X. Zheng
    CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  A 50 MeV cyclotron (CYCIAE-50) is been building at China Institute of Atomic Energy. CYCIAE-50 is a compact H− cyclotron with the proton beam energy of 30 MeV to 50 MeV and the beam current of 10 uA. A multi-cusp H− ion source with the beam current of 3 mA will be used for this machine. The design on the injection and central region of CYCIAE-50 has been finished. The way of matching the beam from ion source to central region and the design of central region will be present in this paper. In addition, some significant problems in central region will be discussed, including radial alignment, axial focusing, longitudinal focusing and energy gain, etc.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP007  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP008 Mechanical Design of Beam Lines for a 230 MeV SC Cyclotron at CIAE 42
 
  • M. Yin, S. An, F.P. Guan, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, F. Wang, F. Wang, S.M. Wei, L.P. Wen, T.J. Zhang, F.Zhu. Zhu
    CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  Funding: This work was supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 11475269 and 11375274.
To develop the proton beam transfer system which used in the field of proton therapy, the mechanical design of proton beam lines based on the CYCIAE-230 has been finished at the China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE). The proton beam transfer system includes the beam lines, beam dump, gantry, nozzle, couch, image guidance system, etc. Two beam lines are designed at CIAE this moment. One is for the nozzle system, the other is for the beam dump. The beam lines include four systems: the energy selection system, the beam transportation systems, gantry system, beam dump. The beam lines are very compact in order to match the beam optics and the space limitation. The gantry can be rotated ±180°. There are several key components in beam lines, such as magnets, degrader, beam diagnostics component, vacuum component, etc. The designed mechanical tolerance of the magnets is limited less than 0.1 mm. There are at least four targets on each magnets for collimation and all the components can be adjusted in three dimensions. The magnets are being manufactured now. The mechanical design of proton beam lines based on the CYCIAE-230 will be presented in this paper. 		 
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP008  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP010 A 50 MeV Proton Beam Line Design 45
 
  • S.M. Wei, S. An, L.L. Guan, Y.L. Lv
    CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  The cyclotron Center at the China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) is now developing a medium-energy proton irradiation device that provides a proton beam with an energy range of 30 MeV to 50 MeV to simulate a space proton radiation environment, which has a significant impact on spacecraft. A beam transport line is designed for irradiation effect study based on the 50 MeV compact cyclotron, which requires continuous adjustment of the beam energy and the beam spot on the target requires high uniformity. The proton beam extracted from the cyclotron is adjusted to the energy required by using the degrader, then the proton beam is bended and focused. In order to obtain uniform large-diameter beam spot on the target, a wobbling magnet is installed on the beam line to uniformly sweep the proton beam on the target and finally obtain the proton beam with energy of 30 MeV - 50 MeV, current of 10 uA and beam spot of 20 cm * 20 cm on the target.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP010  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP011 Magnetic Field Measurement and Shimming for a Medical Compact Cyclotron 48
 
  • L.L. Guan, S. An, T. Cui, P. Huang, X.L. Jia, M. Li, F. Wang, T.J. Zhang
    CIAE, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
  
  A compact cyclotron is developed by Cyclotron Accelerator Research Center at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CIAE) to extract 14 MeV proton beam for medical radioisotopes production, so as to meet the market demands of early diagnosis of malignant tumors, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Owing to the small size and limited space of small medical cyclotrons, critical requirements are imposed on magnetic field measurement. For this reason, a magnetic field measurement system, with high-precision and high-stability, suitable for small cyclotrons is adopted and then an efficient magnetic field shimming method is used, which greatly reduces the construction period. It provides a strong guarantee for the stable operation of medical small cyclotrons.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP011  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP013 Mechanical Modifications of the Median Plane for the Superconducting Cyclotron Upgrade 51
 
  • G. Gallo, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, A.C. Caruso, G. Costa, E. Messina, M.S. Musumeci, D. Rifuggiato, E. Zappalà
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  
  The Superconducting Cyclotron (CS) is a three sectors, compact accelerator with a wide operating diagram, capable of accelerating heavy ions with q/A from 0.1 to 0.5 up to energies from 2 to 100 MeV/u. Recently a significant upgrade has been proposed to increase the light ion beam intensity by means of extraction by stripping. For the implementation of the new extraction mode, many relevant modifications are needed in the median plane. The biggest upgrade action is the replacement of the present superconducting magnet with a new one, compatible with the beam trajectory and envelope in the extraction by stripping. The extraction by stripping mode implies the installation of two stripper systems, one in a hill and the other in a valley, that allow to extract all the ions requested by the users. Finally, since the present electrostatic extraction mode will be maintained, several relevant mechanical issues have to be faced when switching from one extraction mode to the other one, the location of one electrostatic deflector being the same as the stripper system. The focus of this paper will be the presentation of the different mechanical features involved in the upgrade.  
poster icon Poster MOP013 [1.583 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP013  
About • paper received ※ 12 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP014 3D Magnetic Optimization of the New Extraction Channel for the LNS Superconducting Cyclotron 54
 
  • L. Neri, L. Allegra, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. D’Agostino, G. Gallo, D. Rifuggiato, A.D. Russo, G. Torrisi
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  
  The upgrade of the Superconducting Cyclotron operating at INFN-LNS is the main objective of the general upgrade of the LNS facility, consisting in the enhancement of light ion beam intensity. To overcome the present maximum power of 100 W of the beam extracted by electrostatic deflector and achieve a beam power as high as 10 kW, the implementation of the extraction by stripping method has been proposed. Intense ion beams with mass in the range 10 to 40 amu (12C, 18O, 20Ne, 40Ar) in the energy range of interest (15-70 MeV/u) will be delivered to the NUMEN experiment, as well as used for production of in-flight radioactive beams. The present work consists in the optimization of the magnetic channels needed to limit the radial and axial beam envelopes. The design of the magnetic channels has been accomplished by fully three-dimensional magneto-static simulations using Comsol Multiphysics and a custom transport code developed in Matlab along the last year at INFN-LNS. The effect of a magnetic shielding structure in the extraction channel is presented, together with the possibility of producing a magnetic gradient from an asymmetric coil.  
poster icon Poster MOP014 [2.968 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP014  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP016 Vertical Focussing with a Field Gradient Spiral Inflector 58
 
  • A.H. Barnard, J.I. Broodryk, J.L. Conradie, J.G. De Villiers, J. Mira, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
    iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
  
  Traditional spiral inflectors suffer from vertical defocussing, leading to beam loss. In this study the electrode shape of an inflector is modified to intentionally produce transverse electric field gradients, which have a significant influence on the optics. This is done by placing the traditionally parallel electrodes at an angle relative to each other in the transverse plane, creating a quadrupole field on the central path. Varying the electrode angle along the path length creates an alternating-gradient effect. The electrode entrance and exit faces are also shaped to create quadrupoles inside the fringe field. By numerical optimisation a design with good vertical focussing is obtained. Experiments show a roughly 100% increase in transmission in cases where the buncher is turned off. However, high losses at extraction are observed with the buncher turned on, due to RF-phase spread introduced by longitudinal defocussing in the inflector. This results in an improvement of only 20% during normal cyclotron operation, and shows that an inflector should ideally focus vertically and longitudinally at the same time. Ongoing work to achieve such combined focussing is described.  
poster icon Poster MOP016 [1.410 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP016  
About • paper received ※ 13 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP017 Research on Metallic Ion Beam Production With Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources 62
 
  • S.L. Bogomolov, A.A. Efremov, K.I. Kuzmenkov, D.K. Pugachev, Yu. Yazvitsky
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • J.L. Conradie, D.T. Fourie, N.Y. Kheswa, J. Mira, F. Nemulodi, R.W. Thomae
    iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
  
  Many experiments in nuclear physics request the production of metallic ion beams. All elements from lithium up to uranium are of interest and most of them are required as a specific isotope which demands commonly enriched materials. Depending on the material properties beams of rare isotopes can be produced from solid materials or solid compounds. In this report the results of experiments carried out under a collaboration of JINR and iThemba LABS on the production of metallic ions from Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Sources (ECRIS) using resistive oven evaporation, Metal Ions from VOlatile Compounds (MIVOC) method and sputtering technique will be presented.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP017  
About • paper received ※ 11 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP018 Simulation of the Axial Injection Beam Line of DC140 Cyclotron of FLNR JINR 66
 
  • N.Yu. Kazarinov, J. Franko, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko, I.V. Kalagin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research carries out the works under creating FLNR JINR Irradiation Facility based on the cyclotron DC140. The facility is intended for SEE testing of microchip, for production of track membranes and for solving of applied physics problems. The main systems of DC140 are based on the DC72 cyclotron ones that now are under reconstruction. The DC140 cyclotron is intended for acceleration of heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z within interval from 5 to 5.5 up to two fixed energies 2.136 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass. The intensity of the accelerated ions will be about 1 pµAmps for light ions (A<86) and about 0.1 pµAmps for heavier ions (A>132). The injection into cyclotron will be realized from the external room temperature 18 GHz ECR ion source. The simulation of the axial injection system of the cyclotron is presented in this report.  
poster icon Poster MOP018 [1.331 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP018  
About • paper received ※ 29 August 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP019 The Results of Magnetic Field Formation and Commissioning of Heavy-Ion Isochronous Cyclotron DC280 70
 
  • I.A. Ivanenko, G.G. Gulbekyan, G.N. Ivanov, I.V. Kalagin, V.A. Semin
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  The DC280 cyclotron is the new accelerator of FLNR Super Heavy Elements Factory. It was commissioned in the beginning of 2019. DC280 is intended for production of high intensity, up to 10 pmkA, beams of heavy ions with mass to charge ratio A/Z= 4 - 7. The wide range of accelerated ions from helium to uranium and smooth variation of extracted beam energy in the range W= 4 - 8 MeV/n are provided by varying of level of main magnetic field from 0.64 T till 1.32 T. The DC280 magnetic field was formed in a good conformity with results of computer modeling. In spite of commissioning of cyclotron still is in progress, the first experiments gave the intensity 1.35 pmkA of 84Kr14+ and 10 pmkA of 12C2+. At the present work the results of calculations, magnetic field measurements and first experiments are presented.  
poster icon Poster MOP019 [1.368 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP019  
About • paper received ※ 12 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP020 Simulation of the Beam Extraction System of DC140 Cyclotron of FLNR JINR 73
 
  • N.Yu. Kazarinov, G.G. Gulbekyan, I.A. Ivanenko
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reaction of Joint Institute for Nuclear Research carries out the works under creating FLNR JINR Irradiation Facility based on the cyclotron DC140. The facility is intended for SEE testing of microchip, for production of track membranes and for solving of applied physics problems. The main systems of DC140 are based on the DC72 cyclotron ones that now are under reconstruction. The DC140 cyclotron is intended for acceleration of heavy ions with mass-to-charge ratio A/Z within interval from 5 to 5.5 up to two fixed energies 2.136 and 4.8 MeV per unit mass. The intensity of the accelerated ions will be about 1 pµAmps for light ions (A<86) and about 0.1 pµAmps for heavier ions (A>132). The beam extraction system consists of electrostatic deflector and two magnetic channels. The simulation of the extraction system of the cyclotron is presented in this report. The extracted beams characteristics outside the cyclotron, that will serve as initial conditions for the design of experimental beam lines of FLNR JINR IF are determined.  
poster icon Poster MOP020 [9.336 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP020  
About • paper received ※ 29 August 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP021 Simulation of Beam Extraction from TR24 Cyclotron at IPHC 76
 
  • N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  • T. Adam, F.R. Osswald, E.K. Traykov
    IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
  
  The CYRCé (CYclotron pour la ReCherche et Enseignement) TR24 cyclotron is used at IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) for the production of radio-isotopes for diagnostics, medical treatments and fundamental research in radiobiology. The TR24 cyclotron produced and commercialized by ACSI delivers a 16-25 MeV proton beam with intensity from few nA up to 500 µA. The TR24 is a compact isochronous cyclotron with normal-conducting magnet and stripper foil for the beam extraction. The calculation model for OPERA 3D program code is described. The magnetic field map in the working region of the cyclotron is generated. The beam characteristics outside the cyclotron, that will serve as initial conditions for the design of future beam lines are determined.  
poster icon Poster MOP021 [15.509 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP021  
About • paper received ※ 29 August 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP022 Project of a Novel Multi-Orbital Beam Bunching and Extraction from the U-120M Cyclotron 80
 
  • M. Čihák, R. Běhal, P. Krist, T. Matlocha, J. Stursa, V. Zach
    NPI, Řež near Prague, Czech Republic
  
  We introduce the bunching system for a time structure control of the U-120M cyclotron beam. The system is based on a unique pulsed vertical deflection of the selected final orbits of the internal accelerated beam of the H− ions to an extractor-stripper (a thin carbon foil positioned below the cyclotron median plane). A set of home-made programs have been developed for simulations and parameters determination of the system. Results of some simulations (i.e. dimensions of the deflection system, parameters of the pulsed high voltage power supply, position of the stripper, beam trajectories, beam parameters, beam losses, Be target position etc.) are presented. The system will be used for fast neutron generation and consequently for spectrometric measurement of neutron energy by the time of flight (ToF) method. The system will provide beam bunch interval up to 1000 ns range of a defined beam time structure (up to beam bunch period to beam bunch width ratio min 100).  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP022  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP023 Synchronization and High Speed High Voltage Switcher for Pulse Bunching System of the Cyclotron U-120M 83
 
  • P. Krist, D. Poklop, J. Stursa
    NPI, Řež near Prague, Czech Republic
  • V. Cervenka
    HiLASE Centre, Institute of Physics ASCR, v.v.i., Dolní Břežany, Czech Republic
  • J. Vozáb
    Radan s.r.o., Barchov, Czech Republic
  
  Pulse bunching system for neutron time of flight (ToF) measurements on the cyclotron U-120M exploits a unique pulsed vertical deflection of the selected final orbits of the internal accelerated beam of the H− ions to an extractor-stripper. This system is described in details on an individual poster of this conference. A key device is the pulse HV power supply (HV switcher) which is supplying the deflector and elevates H− ions in defined time structure to an extractor-stripper. The developed HV switcher is based on the SiC MOSFET transistors. It can provide HV pulses with the following pulse parameters: amplitude up to 13 kV, front edge less than 20 ns, flat top 20 ns, back edge less than 20 ns and repetition frequency up to several hundred of kHz. We have also developed the pulse synchronization with the cyclotron RF (25 MHz), which enables to set up front edge of bunching pulses within 2pi with accuracy 80 ps. Human-machine interface is based on SCADA software Reliance and PLC Tecomat Foxtrot. The time waveforms of the real pulses are part of the presentation.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP023  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP024 Development of a Replacement for the Long Radial Probe in the Ring Cyclotron 86
 
  • R. Dölling, G.G. Gamma, V. Ovinnikov, M. Rohrer, P. Rüttimann, R. Senn
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  
  The long radial probe in PSI’s Ring cyclotron delivers a radial pattern of all but the first few turns. In recent years, the measurement has been plagued by artefacts and mechanical problems. We report here on the development of a replacement, which should also provide a more flexible basis for extended measurement capabilities.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP024  
About • paper received ※ 20 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP025 Fast Recharging of Electrostatic Injection and Extraction Septa After Breakdown 90
 
  • R. Dölling
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • J. Brutscher
    Private Address, Dresden, Germany
  
  We propose to recharge an electrostatic injection or extraction septum in a high-power cyclotron fast enough to omit the need for switching off the beam at a high voltage breakdown.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP025  
About • paper received ※ 20 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP028 Design of 5.8 MHz RF Electrode for AMS Cyclotron 94
 
  • D.H. Ha, J.-S. Chai, Kh.M. Gad, M. Ghergherehchi, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, H. Namgoong
    SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
  
  Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) is a powerful method for separating isotopes, and electrostatic tandem accelerators are widely used for AMS. Sungkyunkwan University is developing AMS that can be used in a smaller space based on cyclotron. Unlike conventional cyclotrons used in PET or proton therapy, cyclotron-based AMS provides high turn number and high resolution. In this study, we proposed a cavity with a frequency of 5.8 MHz and an accelerating voltage of 300 V to accelerate the particles in the cyclotron. The proposed cavity was designed as an electrode and verified by CST Microwave studio.  
poster icon Poster MOP028 [1.078 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP028  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP029 Design and Manufacture of 10 kW, 83.2 MHz 4-way Power Combiner for Solid State Amplifier 97
 
  • D.H. Ha, J.-S. Chai, Kh.M. Gad, M. Ghergherehchi, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, H. Namgoong
    SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
  
  The purpose of this study is to improve the insertion loss of a 20 kW solid-state RF power amplifier and the power coupling efficiency by reducing reflected power. For this purpose, a power combiner, which is a core component of a solid-state RF power amplifier, was designed and fabricated. The 4-way power combiner employs the Wilkinson type, which has excellent power coupling efficiency and isolation, and operates at 83.2 MHz. This paper covers the design and cold test results.  
poster icon Poster MOP029 [1.396 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP029  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP030 RF measurement of SKKUCY-10 RF Cavity for Impedance Matching 100
 
  • J.C. Lee, J.-S. Chai, Kh.M. Gad, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, H.S. Kim, H. Namgoong
    SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
  
  Funding: Radiation Technology R&D program through the National Research Foundation of Korea funded by the Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning through the National Research Foundation of Korea
The 10 MeV cyclotron was designed for next version in Sungkyunkwan University, after the SKKUCY-9 had developed for medical application for PET. The RF cavity, which generates the electric field in cyclotron, was designed based on a half-wavelength resonator and optimized to improve the unloaded quality factor (Q0). The design specifications of RF cavity were resonance frequency 83.2 MHz, Q0 5830 and Dee voltage 40 kV with geometrical values resonator length 560 mm, Dee angle 35° and Stem radius 16 mm. The RF cavity of the SKKUCY-10 was fabricated and installed inside the electromagnet, and RF characteristics were measured with a network analyzer. The RF coupling coefficient and characteristic impedance for desired condition were selected at 1.08 and 52 ’, respectively. The RF coupling coefficient and characteristic impedance were measured 0.8-1.2, 52-49 ’ according to temperature as 15-21°C. The power coupler was checked for optimization of RF coupling coefficient and characteristic impedance, and the results show good agreement with simulated and measured data. 		 
poster icon Poster MOP030 [1.665 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP030  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 23 June 2020       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP031 Design of High Sensitive Magnet and Beam Dynamics for AMS Cyclotron 103
 
  • H. Namgoong, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee
    SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
  
  To produce a carbon-14 for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS), AMS Cyclotron magnet was designed. For the AMS system, Cyclotron magnet has been required high mass resolution. In order to realize high mass resolution, the phase error is designed within ±10 and the mass resolution was 5000. We used CST particle studio and Cyclone for beam dynamics simulation of this cyclotron magnet. This paper describes the AMS cyclotron magnet and beam dynamics design.  
poster icon Poster MOP031 [2.281 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP031  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOP032 Control System in 10 MeV Cyclotron Based on IoT 106
 
  • M. Mohamadian, H. Afarideh, S. Babaee, H. Pashaei, N. Salmani
    AUT, Tehran, Iran
  • M. Ghergherehchi
    SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
  
  The Internet of Things (IoT) is one of the new most advanced technologies in the world. One of the application of this technology is using it in places where remote control is preferred or it needs to control various processes at different times throughout the day. The cyclotron accelerator is one such system in which the start-up process until radio medicine production requires continuous monitoring and inspection. In this research, we have tried to use the internet of things technology in the process of cyclotron control system specially in fine tuning section.  
poster icon Poster MOP032 [0.936 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-MOP032  
About • paper received ※ 14 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 24 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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MOC01
 Moving the Frontiers of the Production of Intense Beams of Highly Charged Ions With ECR Ion Sources  
 
  • L.T. Sun
    IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People’s Republic of China
  
  Electron Cyclotron Resonance (ECR) ion source has always been regarded as the most powerful machine to produce intense highly charged ion beams, which is essentially important for the development of heavy ion cyclotrons and linacs. Worldwide ECR ion source development has stepped into the era of 4th generation that needs to solve series of technical and physics problems. Nevertheless, the 3rd generation ECR ion sources are still the most advanced machines to produce very intense highly charged ion beams, such as 0.66 emA Ca12+, 1.4 emA Ar12+, 0.8 emA Xe27+, 16.7 euA Xe42+, 0.68 emA Bi31+, 3 euA Bi56+, 400 euA U34+ and so on. These results can obviously improve the existing heavy ion facilities performance and have fundamental impact to the development of future facilities as well. This paper will review the worldwide achievements on high performance ECR ion source development in recent years.  
slides icon Slides MOC01 [28.990 MB]  
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TUP004 Integration of EtherCAT Hardware Into the EPICS Based Distributed Control System at iThemba LABS 152
 
  • J.K. Abraham, W. Duckitt
    iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
  
  iThemba Laboratory for Accelerator Based Sciences (iThemba LABS) has, over the past 30 years, carried out several upgrades to its control electronics and software. This culminated in the adoption of EPICS as the de-facto distributed control system at the lab. In order to meet the changing technology and user requirements, iThemba LABS adopted EtherCAT as its new industrial communication standard. Building on an open EtherCAT master implementation and prior community development, iThemba LABS has successfully integrated a variety of EtherCAT hardware into its EPICS control system. This paper presents the open source software toolchain that has been developed and is used at iThemba LABS and showcases several hardware installations at the facility and abroad. Community involvement and future plans for this initiative are also presented.  
poster icon Poster TUP004 [2.679 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-TUP004  
About • paper received ※ 12 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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WEA01
 Future of High Field Superconducting Magnets  
 
  • G.L. Sabbi
    LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
  
  Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AD03-76SF00098.
Excellent mechanical and electrical properties make Niobium-Titanium (NbTi) the preferred conductor for accelerator magnets with operating fields up to 8 T. In order to surpass this threshold, materials with higher critical field are required. Among these, Niobium-Tin (Nb3Sn) is in the most advanced state of development. Nb3Sn wires carry sufficient current densities to sustain coil windings operating in the 15 T range, and can be produced in multi-km lengths with uniform properties. Following extensive R&D programs, Nb3Sn technology is enabling a 10-fold increase of the LHC luminosity, opening the way to its application in future higher energy colliders. The use of High Temperature Superconductors such as YBCO and Bi-2212 is also being actively explored to surpass the intrinsic limits of Nb3Sn. While these materials can in principle support operating fields well above 20 T, many technological challenges need to be addressed to exploit their fundamental properties in practical magnet designs. The most significant achievements to date, remaining issues and future directions are discussed. 		 
slides icon Slides WEA01 [6.384 MB]  
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WEA02 The Developments of the RF System Related to the K-800 Superconducting Cyclotron Upgrade 262
 
  • A.C. Caruso, L. Calabretta, G. Costa, G. Gallo, A. Longhitano, D. Rifuggiato, A. Spartà, G. Torrisi, E. Zappalà
    INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
  
  The K-800 superconducting cyclotron has been in operation at Laboratori Nazionali del Sud for almost 25 years. It has been subjected to continuous upgrades and modifications since 1994: the RF couplers have been redesigned, the new dees have been changed from aluminium to copper, as has the new central region from radial to axial injection of the beam, the hybrid configuration solid state - tube of the power amplifiers, the digital LLRF, etc. The next scheduled important upgrade of the Cyclotron mainly consists in a new extraction beam line able to support the increase of the beam current intensity. The accelerated beam will be extracted in two ways: by stripper and by electrostatic deflector and, consequently, one of the most important features of the new upgrade is the new cryostat. Further upgrades and refurbishments of the other main parts of the cyclotron, such as a new liner, the modification of the RF cavities and dees, the refurbishment of HLRF-LLRF, the insertion of the stripper extraction system, to name but a few, are in progress, too. This work focuses on the RF system upgrade.  
slides icon Slides WEA02 [10.816 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-WEA02  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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THA03 React Automation Studio: A New Face to Control Large Scientific Equipment 285
 
  • W. Duckitt, J.K. Abraham
    iThemba LABS, Somerset West, South Africa
  
  A new software platform to enable the control of large scientific equipment through EPICS has been designed. The system implements a modern tool chain with a React frontend and a PyEpics backend as a progressive web application. This enables efficient and responsive cross platform and cross device operation. A general overview of React Automation Studio as well as the system architecture, implementation at iThemba LABs, community involvement and future plans for the system is presented.  
slides icon Slides THA03 [276.798 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THA03  
About • paper received ※ 13 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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THC03 Design of Accelerator Mass Spectrometry Based on a Cyclotron 314
 
  • H. Namgoong, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee
    SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
  
  In this paper, we present a cyclotron-based accelerator mass spectrometry system. Conventional AMS systems use tandem accelerators for generating carbon-14 beams. We have developed an ion source, RF buncher, cyclotron, triplet quadrupole, detector and dipole magnet for an AMS system.  
slides icon Slides THC03 [9.741 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC03  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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THC04 3D Printing for High Vacuum Applications 317
 
  • C.R. Wolf
    HS Coburg, Coburg, Germany
  • F.B. Beck, L. Franz, V.M. Neumaier
    Ernes, Coburg, Germany
  
  This thesis deals with the manufacture of parts made by 3D printing for high vacuum application. Different components are printed and examined for their vacuum suitability. As shown furthermore, conventionally made standard components can be welded vacuum-tightly to 3D-printed parts, which enables cost-effective production of more complex components, such as a vacuum chamber. In addition, functional components can already be realized during the manufacturing process. The integration of a system of flow channels directly into the wall of a vacuum-chamber is just one example. Thus, such a vacuum-chamber can be heated during evacuation and effectively cooled in later operation.  
slides icon Slides THC04 [3.310 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-THC04  
About • paper received ※ 29 August 2019       paper accepted ※ 26 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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FRA02 Current Status of Sumitomo’s Superconducting Cyclotron Development for Proton Therapy 340
 
  • H. Tsutsui, Y. Arakawa, Y. Ebara, A. Hashimoto, M. Hirabayashi, T. Hirayama, N. Kamiguchi, J. Kanakura, Y. Kumata, Y. Mikami, H. Mitsubori, T. Miyashita, T. Morie, H. Murata, H. Oda, H. Ookubo, T. Sakemi, M. Sano, T. Tachikawa, T. Takahashi, K. Taki, T. Tsurudome, T. Watanabe, J.Y. Yoshida
    SHI, Tokyo, Japan
  
  Sumitomo Heavy Industries, Ltd. is developing a com-pact superconducting isochronous 230 MeV cyclotron for proton therapy. It is designed to produce 1000 nA proton beams for high dose rate cancer treatment. The cyclotron magnet, which includes a liquid-helium-free cryostat, has been fabricated and the magnetic field has been measured. Magnetic field distribution and pa-rameters such as horizontal and vertical tunes agreed well with the original design. A 120 kW solid-state RF system is being tested. Other components such as the ion source and electrostatic deflector are being fabricated. After the testing of individual components, they will be assembled and beam testing will be scheduled at a new test site.  
slides icon Slides FRA02 [8.556 MB]  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2019-FRA02  
About • paper received ※ 13 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 25 September 2019       issue date ※ 20 June 2020  
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