SRF2017 - List of Authors (Knobloch, J.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOYA02	BESSY VSR: SRF Challenges and Developments for a Variable-pulse Length Next-generation Light Source	29
	A.V. Vélez, H.-W. Glock, F. Glöckner, B.D.S. Hall, J. Knobloch, A. Neumann, P. Schnizer, E. Sharples HZB, Berlin, Germany A.V. Tsakanian Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH (HZB), Berlin, Germany
	The BESSY VSR project represents an exciting alternative to diffraction limited storage rings in the development of a next generation light source. Such a system should be capable to store "standard" (some 10 ps long) and "short" (ps and sub-ps long) pulses simultaneously in the storage ring opening the door to picosecond dynamic and high-resolution experiments at the same facility. This unique feature can be created by the introduction of the beating effects produced by higher harmonic SRF cavity systems (1.5 GHz & 1.75 GHz). The challenging design specifications as well as the technological demands on the SRF system make BESSY VSR a defiant project where non-standard techniques such as waveguide-damped cavities have been further developed. This talk focuses on the new SRF developments that includes wveguide-damped cavities, high-power couplers and higher-order mode absorbers that must handle nearly 2 kW of HOM power. The cryomodule design and its interaction with the beam will also be discussed. Comment: VSR concept was introduced at SRF15. Much development work has now been done. Here the focus is more one the technology of VSR and the talk could also be listed under "SRF technology R&D"
	Slides MOYA02 [7.961 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-MOYA02
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TUPB021	First Considerations on HZB High Frequency Elliptical Resonator Stiffening	428
	E.N. Zaplatin FZJ, Jülich, Germany H.-W. Glock, J. Knobloch, A. Neumann, A.V. Vélez HZB, Berlin, Germany
	There are two projects that currently are under development and construction at HZB which utilize high frequency elliptical resonators ' Energy Recovery Linac Prototype (BERLinPro, 7-cell, 1300 MHz, β=1) and BESSY Variable pulse-length Storage Ring (VSR, 5-cell, 1500/1750 MHz, β=1). A critical issue of both projects is small effective beam loading in cavities operating at high CW fields (Eacc of 20 MV/m) with a narrow band width. This necessitates precise tuning and therefore good compensation of microphonics and coupled Lorentz-force detuning driven instabilities. Here we present a conceptual study of an integrated SRF resonator and helium vessel structure design to ensure a reduced resonance frequency dependence on pressure and Lorentz forces to minimize their impact on the accelerating field profile.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB021
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TUPB082	Setup of a Spatially Resolving Vector Magnetometry System for the Investigation of Flux Trapping in Superconducting Cavities	580
	B. Schmitz, K. Alomari, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler, J.M. Köszegi, Y. Tamashevich HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Flux trapping is the major contribution to the residual resistance of superconducting cavities. In order to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved and aiming at an eventual minimization of trapped flux, a measurement setup based on AMR sensors was devised that allows for monitoring the magnetic field vector at various positions near the cavity surface. First results of the efforts are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB082
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THPB017	Investigation of Trapped Magnetic Flux in Superconducting Niobium Samples with Neutron Radiography	762
	O. Kugeler, T. Junginger, J. Knobloch, M.M. Krzyzagorski, J.M. Köszegi, L. Riik, W. Treimer, R.F. Ziesche HZB, Berlin, Germany
	The dynamics of flux expulsion in Nb samples during superconducting transition has been investigated with neutron radiography. Aiming at a reduction of the trapped flux with respect to obtaining a small residual resistance it was attempted to influence the expulsion by applying external AC magnetic fields. The results of these experiments are presented.
	Poster THPB017 [1.528 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB017
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THPB018	Towards the Perfect Meissner State: A Magneto-Optical Study on Competing Pinning Centers in Niobium	766
	J.M. Köszegi, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Over the past years trapped magnetic flux has emerged as a main limiting factor of high quality factors in SRF cavities. Several studies investigated how the ambient magnetic field can be minimized or how the flux expulsion during the phase transition can be improved. We now present a study that targets the pinning centers which allow for the flux to remain inside the superconductor in the first place. Using magneto-optical imaging we were able to not only measure the amount of trapped flux but in addition we managed to image its distribution with a resolution below 10μm and correlate it with electron backscatter diffraction maps. As a result we found that the grain boundaries did not play a major role as pinning centers nor did the crystal orientation influence the amount of trapped flux signifi-cantly. Niobium hydrides which formed during the cool down to cryogenic temperatures however were found to enhance trapping.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB018
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB019	Simulation of the Thermoelectrically Generated Magnetic Field in a SC Nine-cell Cavity	771
	J.M. Köszegi, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Several studies showed that thermocurrents generate a magnetic field in a horizontal cavity test assembly or cryomodul, which may get trapped during the superconducting phase transition. The trapped flux causes additional dissipation during operation and can therefore significantly degrade the cavity's quality factor. We simulated the distribution of the generated magnetic field for different temperature distributions and compared the results to experimental findings. Furthermore, the impact of a growing superconducting area was investigated. The simulations complement the experimental studies because measurements were only feasible with a limited number of probes and restricted to selected locations and orientations. The simulations allow to analyze this data in the context of the whole system.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB019
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB052	Error Analysis of Surface Resistance Fits to Experimental Data	859
	S. Keckert, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Funding: This work is part of EuCARD-2, partly funded by the European Commission, GA 312453. Superconducting material properties such as energy gap, mean free path or residual resistance are commonly extracted by fitting experimental surface resistance data. Depending on the measurement setup, both, temperature range and the number of points are limited. In order to obtain significant results, systematic as well as statistical uncertainties have to be taken into account. In this contribution different classes of errors and their impact on systematic and statistical deviations of the fitted parameters are discussed. In particular, past measurements have yielded contradictory conclusions that, we believe, result from the use of insufficient data in the necessary temperature range. Furthermore, this study is applied to the boundary conditions of the Quadrupole Resonator and its measurement accuracy.
	Poster THPB052 [1.034 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB052
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB053	Surface Resistance Characterization of Nb3Sn Using the HZB Quadrupole Resonator	863
	S. Keckert, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler HZB, Berlin, Germany D.L. Hall, M. Liepe Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: This work is part of EuCARD-2, partly funded by the European Commission, GA 312453. Nb3Sn is a very promising candidate material for future SRF cavities. With a critical temperature more than twice as the one of bulk niobium, higher operational temperatures with still lower surface resistance are theoretically possible. A sample prepared by Cornell University was characterized towards its SRF properties using the HZB Quadrupole Resonator. In comparison to a coated cavity this device enables SRF measurements at an extended parameter space (frequency, temperature and RF field) and easy access to physical quantities such as critical field and penetration depth. In this contribution we present surface resistance and RF critical field measurements.
	Poster THPB053 [2.725 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB053
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB054	Advanced Method to Extract the Surface Resistance From Q0 Measurements	867
	R. Kleindienst, S. Keckert, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler HZB, Berlin, Germany
	Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission under the FP7 Research Infrastructures project EuCARD-2, grant agreement No. 312453. The quality factor of an RF cavity and the surface resistance are typically related with a constant geometry factor. The implicit assumption made is that the surface resistance is field independent, which is however not observed experimentally in superconducting cavities. The approximation error due to this assumption becomes larger the less homogeneous the magnetic field distribution along the cavity walls is. In this paper we calculate the surface resistance error for different cavity types. An iterative method to correct for this error is presented.
	Poster THPB054 [0.196 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB054
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

BESSY VSR: SRF Challenges and Developments for a Variable-pulse Length Next-generation Light Source

29

A.V. Vélez, H.-W. Glock, F. Glöckner, B.D.S. Hall, J. Knobloch, A. Neumann, P. Schnizer, E. Sharples
HZB, Berlin, Germany
A.V. Tsakanian
Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH (HZB), Berlin, Germany

The BESSY VSR project represents an exciting alternative to diffraction limited storage rings in the development of a next generation light source. Such a system should be capable to store "standard" (some 10 ps long) and "short" (ps and sub-ps long) pulses simultaneously in the storage ring opening the door to picosecond dynamic and high-resolution experiments at the same facility. This unique feature can be created by the introduction of the beating effects produced by higher harmonic SRF cavity systems (1.5 GHz & 1.75 GHz). The challenging design specifications as well as the technological demands on the SRF system make BESSY VSR a defiant project where non-standard techniques such as waveguide-damped cavities have been further developed. This talk focuses on the new SRF developments that includes wveguide-damped cavities, high-power couplers and higher-order mode absorbers that must handle nearly 2 kW of HOM power. The cryomodule design and its interaction with the beam will also be discussed.
Comment: VSR concept was introduced at SRF15. Much development work has now been done. Here the focus is more one the technology of VSR and the talk could also be listed under "SRF technology R&D"

Slides MOYA02 [7.961 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-MOYA02

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPB021

First Considerations on HZB High Frequency Elliptical Resonator Stiffening

428

E.N. Zaplatin
FZJ, Jülich, Germany
H.-W. Glock, J. Knobloch, A. Neumann, A.V. Vélez
HZB, Berlin, Germany

There are two projects that currently are under development and construction at HZB which utilize high frequency elliptical resonators ' Energy Recovery Linac Prototype (BERLinPro, 7-cell, 1300 MHz, β=1) and BESSY Variable pulse-length Storage Ring (VSR, 5-cell, 1500/1750 MHz, β=1). A critical issue of both projects is small effective beam loading in cavities operating at high CW fields (Eacc of 20 MV/m) with a narrow band width. This necessitates precise tuning and therefore good compensation of microphonics and coupled Lorentz-force detuning driven instabilities. Here we present a conceptual study of an integrated SRF resonator and helium vessel structure design to ensure a reduced resonance frequency dependence on pressure and Lorentz forces to minimize their impact on the accelerating field profile.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB021

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPB082

Setup of a Spatially Resolving Vector Magnetometry System for the Investigation of Flux Trapping in Superconducting Cavities

580

B. Schmitz, K. Alomari, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler, J.M. Köszegi, Y. Tamashevich
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Flux trapping is the major contribution to the residual resistance of superconducting cavities. In order to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms involved and aiming at an eventual minimization of trapped flux, a measurement setup based on AMR sensors was devised that allows for monitoring the magnetic field vector at various positions near the cavity surface. First results of the efforts are presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB082

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB017

Investigation of Trapped Magnetic Flux in Superconducting Niobium Samples with Neutron Radiography

762

O. Kugeler, T. Junginger, J. Knobloch, M.M. Krzyzagorski, J.M. Köszegi, L. Riik, W. Treimer, R.F. Ziesche
HZB, Berlin, Germany

The dynamics of flux expulsion in Nb samples during superconducting transition has been investigated with neutron radiography. Aiming at a reduction of the trapped flux with respect to obtaining a small residual resistance it was attempted to influence the expulsion by applying external AC magnetic fields. The results of these experiments are presented.

Poster THPB017 [1.528 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB017

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB018

Towards the Perfect Meissner State: A Magneto-Optical Study on Competing Pinning Centers in Niobium

766

J.M. Köszegi, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Over the past years trapped magnetic flux has emerged as a main limiting factor of high quality factors in SRF cavities. Several studies investigated how the ambient magnetic field can be minimized or how the flux expulsion during the phase transition can be improved. We now present a study that targets the pinning centers which allow for the flux to remain inside the superconductor in the first place. Using magneto-optical imaging we were able to not only measure the amount of trapped flux but in addition we managed to image its distribution with a resolution below 10μm and correlate it with electron backscatter diffraction maps. As a result we found that the grain boundaries did not play a major role as pinning centers nor did the crystal orientation influence the amount of trapped flux signifi-cantly. Niobium hydrides which formed during the cool down to cryogenic temperatures however were found to enhance trapping.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB018

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB019

Simulation of the Thermoelectrically Generated Magnetic Field in a SC Nine-cell Cavity

771

J.M. Köszegi, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Several studies showed that thermocurrents generate a magnetic field in a horizontal cavity test assembly or cryomodul, which may get trapped during the superconducting phase transition. The trapped flux causes additional dissipation during operation and can therefore significantly degrade the cavity's quality factor. We simulated the distribution of the generated magnetic field for different temperature distributions and compared the results to experimental findings. Furthermore, the impact of a growing superconducting area was investigated. The simulations complement the experimental studies because measurements were only feasible with a limited number of probes and restricted to selected locations and orientations. The simulations allow to analyze this data in the context of the whole system.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB052

Error Analysis of Surface Resistance Fits to Experimental Data

859

S. Keckert, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: This work is part of EuCARD-2, partly funded by the European Commission, GA 312453.
Superconducting material properties such as energy gap, mean free path or residual resistance are commonly extracted by fitting experimental surface resistance data. Depending on the measurement setup, both, temperature range and the number of points are limited. In order to obtain significant results, systematic as well as statistical uncertainties have to be taken into account. In this contribution different classes of errors and their impact on systematic and statistical deviations of the fitted parameters are discussed. In particular, past measurements have yielded contradictory conclusions that, we believe, result from the use of insufficient data in the necessary temperature range. Furthermore, this study is applied to the boundary conditions of the Quadrupole Resonator and its measurement accuracy.

Poster THPB052 [1.034 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB052

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB053

Surface Resistance Characterization of Nb3Sn Using the HZB Quadrupole Resonator

863

S. Keckert, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler
HZB, Berlin, Germany
D.L. Hall, M. Liepe
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: This work is part of EuCARD-2, partly funded by the European Commission, GA 312453.
Nb3Sn is a very promising candidate material for future SRF cavities. With a critical temperature more than twice as the one of bulk niobium, higher operational temperatures with still lower surface resistance are theoretically possible. A sample prepared by Cornell University was characterized towards its SRF properties using the HZB Quadrupole Resonator. In comparison to a coated cavity this device enables SRF measurements at an extended parameter space (frequency, temperature and RF field) and easy access to physical quantities such as critical field and penetration depth. In this contribution we present surface resistance and RF critical field measurements.

Poster THPB053 [2.725 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB053

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPB054

Advanced Method to Extract the Surface Resistance From Q0 Measurements

867

R. Kleindienst, S. Keckert, J. Knobloch, O. Kugeler
HZB, Berlin, Germany

Funding: The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Commission under the FP7 Research Infrastructures project EuCARD-2, grant agreement No. 312453.
The quality factor of an RF cavity and the surface resistance are typically related with a constant geometry factor. The implicit assumption made is that the surface resistance is field independent, which is however not observed experimentally in superconducting cavities. The approximation error due to this assumption becomes larger the less homogeneous the magnetic field distribution along the cavity walls is. In this paper we calculate the surface resistance error for different cavity types. An iterative method to correct for this error is presented.

Poster THPB054 [0.196 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-THPB054

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)