ECRIS2024 - List of Keywords (neutron)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOD1	Development of deuterium-deuterium compact neutron source	plasma, target, vacuum, electron	23
	A. Pérez, I. Arredondo, J. Portilla, V. Etxebarria University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bilbao, Spain A. Roldán, J. Praena UGR, Granada, Spain J. Feuchtwanger Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain
	In the present work, we will present the status of the deuterium-deuterium (D-D) neutron source that is being developed in collaboration between the University of Granada and the University of the Basque Country (Spain). Our neutron source consists of an ECR ion source which accelerates a deuteron beam towards a deuterated target. The ionization to achieve the deuterium plasma is achieved by radiating the cylindrical ERC plasma chamber with a magnetron 2.45 GHz signal and an 875 G magnetic field generated by 6 NdFeB magnets located around the plasma chamber. Moreover, a cylindrical alumina RF window is used to keep the vacuum status from the ambient pressure condition inside the WR340 and helping the plasma to ignite. Once the plasma is generated, the deuterons are extracted from the plasma chamber using a Pierce electrode geometry and three other electrostatic lenses, fixed to different negative potentials. The beam is accelerated towards copper target disk with a deuterated titanium mesh fixed to -100 kV which generates the desired neutron radiation. There are several applications of D-D neutron sources across scientific and industrial domains. In case of University of Granada and its deep relation with IFMIF-DONES neutron source, it is worthy to mention that we plan to carry out experiments for determining the cross-sections of relevant isotopes in the studies of IFMIF-DONES to a better simulation of the behaviour of such material under high neutron flux irradiation.
	Slides MOD1 [9.890 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-MOD1
About •	Received ※ 14 September 2024 — Revised ※ 17 September 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 21 June 2025
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOP07	Use of a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source for the neutron target demonstrator project	ion-source, solenoid, extraction, plasma	42
	S.V. Melanson, A.M. George, M.P. Dehnel, S. Sumar D-Pace, Nelson, British Columbia, Canada
	D-Pace has licensed a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source from Neutron Therapeutics. The ion source will be used for the Neutron Target Demonstrator project at Los Alamos National Laboratory where 10 mA of singly charge krypton ions at 50 keV are required with a normalized 4-RMS emittance of less than 1 mm·mrad. The goal of the project is to create a reverse kinematics neutron capture reaction with ⁸⁴Kr ions. Due to the high radiation environment that the ion source will be subjected to, a solid state microwave power supply will be used instead of the traditional magnetron for the experiment. The main advantage of the solid state power supply is that the output is transmitted by a coax cable instead of a waveguide, so the power supply can be located a long distance away from the ion source without the need for a complicated and expensive waveguide. The other advantage of the solid state device is that the frequency can be varied from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz. This gives the operator an extra degree of freedom for tuning the ion source and also allows for the use of permanent magnets instead of solenoids while still having the ability to tune the ECR condition. We present how the frequency variation affects the beam parameters with both the solenoid and the permanent magnet versions of the ion source.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-MOP07
About •	Received ※ 14 September 2024 — Revised ※ 17 June 2025 — Accepted ※ 29 June 2025 — Issued ※ 30 June 2025
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEA1	Characterization of D⁺ species in the 2.45 GHz ECRIS for 14-MeV neutron production	extraction, ECR, ion-source, plasma	136
	S.J. Vala, H.L. Swami, M. Abhangi, R. Kumar, R. Kumar Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, India
	The Institute for Plasma Research has set up a 14-MeV neutron generator facility. The stability, quality, and repeatability of the D⁺ ion beam are critical parameters for ensuring the reliable operation of the neutron generator. Hence, a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source has been installed to produce the deuterium beam. The primary D beam characteristics are assessed by varying extraction voltage, microwave power, gas flow, and solenoid current of the ECRIS. By optimizing these parameters, the maximum design beam current is achieved. The D ion beam contains various species, including D⁺, D₂⁺, D₃⁺, and impurities. Accurate measurement of the D⁺ content within the D ion beam is the key parameter for a neutron generator. Multiple experiments were conducted to determine the D⁺ species and optimise the ECRIS parameters for maximum production of D⁺ species. Two beam current measurement devices, the DCCT and the Faraday Cup, were installed in the beamline to measure the total deuterium beam current and D⁺ beam current, respectively. Notably, the variation in the D⁺ fraction primarily depends on the operating parameters of the ECRIS, such as extraction voltage, microwave power and gas flow. This paper presents the results of the D⁺ ion current as a function of extraction voltage, microwave power, and gas flow rate. Understanding and characterizing the D⁺ species are essential steps toward achieving stable and efficient neutron production in fusion applications.
	Slides WEA1 [3.259 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-WEA1
About •	Received ※ 15 September 2024 — Revised ※ 16 September 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 26 April 2025
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOD1

Development of deuterium-deuterium compact neutron source

plasma, target, vacuum, electron

23

A. Pérez, I. Arredondo, J. Portilla, V. Etxebarria
University of the Basque Country, Faculty of Science and Technology, Bilbao, Spain
A. Roldán, J. Praena
UGR, Granada, Spain
J. Feuchtwanger
Ikerbasque, Bilbao, Spain

In the present work, we will present the status of the deuterium-deuterium (D-D) neutron source that is being developed in collaboration between the University of Granada and the University of the Basque Country (Spain). Our neutron source consists of an ECR ion source which accelerates a deuteron beam towards a deuterated target. The ionization to achieve the deuterium plasma is achieved by radiating the cylindrical ERC plasma chamber with a magnetron 2.45 GHz signal and an 875 G magnetic field generated by 6 NdFeB magnets located around the plasma chamber. Moreover, a cylindrical alumina RF window is used to keep the vacuum status from the ambient pressure condition inside the WR340 and helping the plasma to ignite. Once the plasma is generated, the deuterons are extracted from the plasma chamber using a Pierce electrode geometry and three other electrostatic lenses, fixed to different negative potentials. The beam is accelerated towards copper target disk with a deuterated titanium mesh fixed to -100 kV which generates the desired neutron radiation. There are several applications of D-D neutron sources across scientific and industrial domains. In case of University of Granada and its deep relation with IFMIF-DONES neutron source, it is worthy to mention that we plan to carry out experiments for determining the cross-sections of relevant isotopes in the studies of IFMIF-DONES to a better simulation of the behaviour of such material under high neutron flux irradiation.

Slides MOD1 [9.890 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-MOD1

About •

Received ※ 14 September 2024 — Revised ※ 17 September 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 21 June 2025

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOP07

Use of a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source for the neutron target demonstrator project

ion-source, solenoid, extraction, plasma

42

S.V. Melanson, A.M. George, M.P. Dehnel, S. Sumar
D-Pace, Nelson, British Columbia, Canada

D-Pace has licensed a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source from Neutron Therapeutics. The ion source will be used for the Neutron Target Demonstrator project at Los Alamos National Laboratory where 10 mA of singly charge krypton ions at 50 keV are required with a normalized 4-RMS emittance of less than 1 mm·mrad. The goal of the project is to create a reverse kinematics neutron capture reaction with ⁸⁴Kr ions. Due to the high radiation environment that the ion source will be subjected to, a solid state microwave power supply will be used instead of the traditional magnetron for the experiment. The main advantage of the solid state power supply is that the output is transmitted by a coax cable instead of a waveguide, so the power supply can be located a long distance away from the ion source without the need for a complicated and expensive waveguide. The other advantage of the solid state device is that the frequency can be varied from 2.4 GHz to 2.5 GHz. This gives the operator an extra degree of freedom for tuning the ion source and also allows for the use of permanent magnets instead of solenoids while still having the ability to tune the ECR condition. We present how the frequency variation affects the beam parameters with both the solenoid and the permanent magnet versions of the ion source.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-MOP07

About •

Received ※ 14 September 2024 — Revised ※ 17 June 2025 — Accepted ※ 29 June 2025 — Issued ※ 30 June 2025

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEA1

Characterization of D⁺ species in the 2.45 GHz ECRIS for 14-MeV neutron production

extraction, ECR, ion-source, plasma

136

S.J. Vala, H.L. Swami, M. Abhangi, R. Kumar, R. Kumar
Institute for Plasma Research, Bhat, Gandhinagar, India

The Institute for Plasma Research has set up a 14-MeV neutron generator facility. The stability, quality, and repeatability of the D⁺ ion beam are critical parameters for ensuring the reliable operation of the neutron generator. Hence, a 2.45 GHz ECR ion source has been installed to produce the deuterium beam. The primary D beam characteristics are assessed by varying extraction voltage, microwave power, gas flow, and solenoid current of the ECRIS. By optimizing these parameters, the maximum design beam current is achieved. The D ion beam contains various species, including D⁺, D₂⁺, D₃⁺, and impurities. Accurate measurement of the D⁺ content within the D ion beam is the key parameter for a neutron generator. Multiple experiments were conducted to determine the D⁺ species and optimise the ECRIS parameters for maximum production of D⁺ species. Two beam current measurement devices, the DCCT and the Faraday Cup, were installed in the beamline to measure the total deuterium beam current and D⁺ beam current, respectively. Notably, the variation in the D⁺ fraction primarily depends on the operating parameters of the ECRIS, such as extraction voltage, microwave power and gas flow. This paper presents the results of the D⁺ ion current as a function of extraction voltage, microwave power, and gas flow rate. Understanding and characterizing the D⁺ species are essential steps toward achieving stable and efficient neutron production in fusion applications.

Slides WEA1 [3.259 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-WEA1

About •

Received ※ 15 September 2024 — Revised ※ 16 September 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 26 April 2025

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)