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antiproton

  
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MOPCH074 Layout of an Accumulator and Decelerator Ring for FAIR pick-up, injection, kicker, electron 199
 
  • P. Beller, K. Beckert, C. Dimopoulou, A. Dolinskii, F. Nolden, M. Steck, J. Yang
    GSI, Darmstadt
  Antiproton physics and experiments with rare isotope beams are major research fields at FAIR. Antiproton physics requires the accumulation of high intensity antiproton beams. The accumulation of up to 1011 antiprotons at 3 GeV is foreseen. This will be accomplished by the combination of the collector ring CR for stochastic precooling and the specialized accumulator ring RESR. The accumulation scheme in the RESR is based on the usage of a stochastic cooling system. The requirements of this cooling system strongly affect the magnetic structure of the RESR. For experiments with short-lived rare isotope beams the RESR serves the task of fast deceleration. Precooled rare isotope beams will be injected at 740 MeV/u and then decelerated to energies between 100 and 400 MeV/u in less than 1 s. This contribution presents the ring design and lattice studies relevant for both tasks of the ring as well as a description of the antiproton accumulation scheme.  
 
MOPCH076 Baseline Design for the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) Finalized ion, storage-ring, GSI, synchrotron 205
 
  • D. Krämer
    GSI, Darmstadt
  The baseline design for the future international facility FAIR has been worked out. The unique accelerator complex will provide high intensity ion beams ranging from antiprotons to uranium for nuclear matter and hadron physics studies. Radioactive beams are generated for nuclear structure and astrophysics experiments. Phase space compression utilizing stochastic and electron cooling allow for fundamental tests at highest precision. Centered around two fast ramping superconducting synchrotrons, ions are accelerated to a beam rigidity of up to 100 Tm and 300 Tm, respectively. Two dedicated storage rings serve for beam accumulation and cooling, providing unprecedented beam quality for experiments in the NESR and HESR storage rings. An overview of the layout of the accelerator complex and beam delivery systems is given. Ongoing R&D activities are reported; project status and international participation will be presented.  
 
MOPCH077 The Collector Ring CR of the FAIR Project kicker, pick-up, injection, extraction 208
 
  • F. Nolden, K. Beckert, P. Beller, U. Blell, C. Dimopoulou, A. Dolinskii, U. Laier, G. Moritz, C. Muehle, I. Nesmiyan, C. Peschke, M. Steck
    GSI, Darmstadt
  The Collector Ring is a storage ring in the framework of the FAIR project. It has the purpose of stochastic precooling of both rare isotope and antiproton beams and of measurung nuclear masses in an isochronous setting. The paper discusses progress in the development of magnet systems, rf systems, injection/extraction strategies and stochastic cooling systems. Finally it is discussed how to confirm the predicted performance of the slotline electrodes developed recently for stochastic cooling.  
 
MOPCH080 Design of the NESR Storage Ring for Operation with Ions and Antiprotons electron, ion, storage-ring, injection 217
 
  • M. Steck, K. Beckert, P. Beller, C. Dimopoulou, A. Dolinskii, F. Nolden, J. Yang
    GSI, Darmstadt
  The New Experimental Storage Ring (NESR) of the FAIR project has two major modes of operation. These are storage of heavy ion beams for internal experiments and deceleration of highly charged ions and antiprotons before transfer into a low energy experimental area. The heavy ion beams can be either stable highly charged ions or rare isotope beams at an energy of 740 MeV/u selected in a magnetic separator. The antiprotons come with an energy of 3 GeV from the production target, they are pre-cooled and accumulated in a storage ring complex. The magnetic structure of the NESR has been optimized for large transverse and longitudinal acceptance by detailed dynamic aperture calculations. This will allow storage of multi-component beams with a large spread of charge to mass ratio, corresponding to a large spread in magnetic rigidity. Highest phase space density of the stored beams is provided by an electron cooling system, which for ions covers the full energy range and for antiprotons allows intermediate cooling during the deceleration process. For experiments with short-lived isotopes the cooling time and the time of deceleration will be optimized to a few seconds.  
 
MOPCH081 FLAIR: a Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research ion, emittance, storage-ring, CERN 220
 
  • C.P. Welsch, C.P. Welsch
    CERN, Geneva
  • H. Danared
    MSL, Stockholm
  To exploit the unique possibilities that will become available at the Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR), a collaboration of about 50 institutes from 15 countries was formed to efficiently enable an innovative research program towards low-energy antimatter-physics. In the Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research (FLAIR) antiprotons and heavy ions are slowed down from 30 MeV to energies as low as 20 keV by a magnetic and an electrostatic storage ring. In this contribution, the facility and the research program covered are described with an emphasis on the accelerator chain and the expected particle numbers. An overview of the novel beam handling, cooling and imaging techniques as they will be required across the facility is given.  
 
MOPCH083 Design Study for an Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR) APR, target, quadrupole, polarization 223
 
  • A. Garishvili, A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, S.A. Martin, F. Rathmann
    FZJ, Jülich
  • P. Lenisa
    INFN-Ferrara, Ferrara
  • E. Steffens
    Erlangen University, Erlangen
  In the framework of the FAIR* project, the PAX collaboration has suggested a new experiments using polarized antiprotons**, in particular the study of the transverse spin structure of the proton. To polarize antiprotons the spin filtering method is proposed. The PAX collaboration is going to design the Antiproton Polarizer Ring (APR). In this contribution the design of this storage ring is described. The basic parameters of the APR are antiproton beam energy of 250 MeV and emittance in both planes of 250 pi mm mrad. The APR consists of two 180 degree arcs and two straight sections. One straight section houses the injection/extraction and the polarized internal target cell, in the other straight section, the electron cooler and a Siberian snake are located. Different optical conditions have to be fulfilled in the straight sections: (1) The target cell requires a beta function of less than 0.3 m. (2) The beam has to be circular and upright in the phase space ellipse at the target, the electron cooler, and the snake. (3) The antiproton beam should have a size of 10 mm for an emittance of 250 pi mm mrad. (4) The momentum dispersion has to be zero in both straight sections.

*Conceptual Design Report for an International Accelerator Facility for Research with Ions and Antiprotons, available from www.gsi.de/GSI-Future/cdr.**PAX Technical Proposal, available from www.fz-juelich.de/IKP/pax.

 
 
MOPCH084 From COSY to HESR target, COSY, electron, proton 226
 
  • D. Prasuhn, J. Dietrich, A. Lehrach, B. Lorentz, R. Maier, H. Stockhorst
    FZJ, Jülich
  The High Energy Storage Ring (HESR) at the proposed Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) puts strong demands on quality and intensity of the stored antiproton beam in the presence of thick internal targets. The existing synchrotron and storage ring COSY in Juelich can be seen as a smaller model of the HESR. In this paper we will discuss possible benchmarking experiments at COSY, involving effects like beam cooling, target heating, intra-beam scattering, etc. The aim of these experiments is to support the design work for the HESR and ensure that the specified beam conditions can be achieved.  
 
MOPCH086 Stochastic Cooling for the HESR at the GSI-FAIR Complex target, emittance, pick-up, kicker 231
 
  • H. Stockhorst, B. Lorentz, R. Maier, D. Prasuhn
    FZJ, Jülich
  • T. Katayama
    CNS, Saitama
  The High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR) of the future International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at the GSI in Darmstadt is planned as an anti-proton cooler ring in the momentum range from 1.5 to 15 GeV/c. An important and challenging feature of the new facility is the combi-nation of phase space cooled beams with internal targets. The required beam parameters and intensities are prepared in two operation modes: the high luminosity mode with beam intensities up to 1011 and the high reso-lution mode with 1010 anti-protons cooled down to a relative momentum spread of only a few 10-5. In addition to electron cooling, transverse and longitudinal stochastic cooling are envisaged to accomplish these goals. It is shown how the great benefit of the stochastic cooling system to adjust the cooling force in all phase planes independently is utilized to achieve the requested beam spot and the high momentum resolution at the internal target within reasonable cooling down times for both HESR modes even in the presence of intra-beam scattering. A numerical and analytical approach to the Fokker-Planck equation for longitudinal filter cooling has been carried out.  
 
MOPCH092 CRYRING Machine Studies for FLAIR CRYRING, ion, proton, space-charge 249
 
  • H. Danared, A. Källberg, A. Simonsson
    MSL, Stockholm
  At the FLAIR facility (Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research) at FAIR, antiprotons and heavy ions will be decelerated to very low energies and ultimately to rest. One step in this deceleration is made in the magnetic storage ring LSR (Low-Energy Storage Ring). CRYRING at the Manne Siegbahn Laboratory in Stockholm will be closed down within the next few years, and since CRYRING has an energy range quite similar to the proposed LSR, is equipped with beam cooling, and has several other features required for a deceleration ring, plans are being made for the transfer of CRYRING to FAIR and for its use as the LSR ring. This paper describes some of the characteristics of CRYRING relevant for its new role, modifications that need to be made, and test that have been performed at CRYRING with, e.g., deceleration of protons from 30 MeV to 300 keV kinetic energy, which is the proposed energy range for antiprotons at LSR.  
 
TUXPA01 Tevatron Operational Status and Possible Lessons for the LHC optics, collider, proton, target 900
 
  • V.A. Lebedev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  This talk will provide an overview of the Tevatron Run II luminosity progress and plans, including SC magnet measurements and modeling of field errors in view of the LHC operation, electron cooling progress and results, slip-stacking and optimized use of the injectors for antiproton production, and improvements in the antiproton source.  
slides icon Transparencies
 
TUPCH098 Antiproton Momentum Distributions as a Measure of Electron Cooling Force at the Fermilab Recycler electron, emittance, betatron, scattering 1241
 
  • D.R. Broemmelsiek, S. Nagaitsev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  The Fermilab Recycler is a fixed 8GeV kinetic energy storage ring located in the Fermilab Main Injector tunnel near the ceiling. Electron cooling of high-energy antiprotons has recently been demonstrated at the Recycler. Antiproton beam Schottky signals were used to measure the antiproton momentum distribution at equilibrium between a calibrated broadband diffusion source and electron cooling. The large Recycler momentum aperture, the dependence of the electron cooling force as a function of the antiproton momentum deviation and the calibrated diffusion source combine to give a unique spectral measurement of the antiproton momentum beam distribution.  
 
TUPCH115 Status of the 70 MeV, 70 mA CH Proton-DTL for FAIR quadrupole, GSI, proton, impedance 1283
 
  • G. Clemente, H. Podlech, U. Ratzinger, R. Tiede
    IAP, Frankfurt-am-Main
  • L. Groening
    GSI, Darmstadt
  • S. Minaev
    ITEP, Moscow
  The CH-type cavity shows promising features in the low and medium beta range: its high accelerator gradient and the high level of shunt impedance together with the compact transverse dimensions make this new cavity a good candidate for proton acceleration up to 100 MeV. That's why GSI has decided to base the new high current proton injector for the new FAIR facility on that structure: the operating frequency will be 352 MHz with an injection energy of 3 MeV. In order to improve the technical experience on this new kind of structure, IAP has built a model consisting of 8 equidistant gaps for a total cavity-length of 60 cm. Several design options with respect to welding, alignement, cooling and RF joints were studied and compared each other. A new concept for the end-cells geometry will result in the desired flatness of the electric field along the cavity axis and, at the same time, allow effective integration of internal quadruple lenses. Finally, the electric quadruple content of CH-structure gaps is listed in dependence on the geometry of the cell.  
 
TUPLS062 Cooling Rates at Ultra-low Energy Storage Rings electron, ion, storage-ring, simulation 1633
 
  • C.P. Welsch, C.P. Welsch
    CERN, Geneva
  • A.V. Smirnov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
  Electrostatic low-energy storage rings have proven to be a highly flexible tool, able to cover experiments from a variety of different fields ranging from atomic, nuclear and molecular physics to biology and chemistry. Future machines will decisively rely on efficient electron cooling down to electron energies as low as some eV, posing new challenges to the cooler layout and operation. The BETACOOL code has already been successfully applied for the layout and optimization of a number of different electron coolers around the world. In this contribution, the results from calculations of the cooling rates at future low-energy machines equipped with an internal target like the Ultra-low energy Storage Ring (USR) at the Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research (FLAIR) are presented.  
 
TUPLS063 Layout of the USR at FLAIR storage-ring, ion, electron, positron 1636
 
  • C.P. Welsch, C.P. Welsch
    CERN, Geneva
  • M. Grieser, J. Ullrich, A. Wolf
    MPI-K, Heidelberg
  The Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research (FLAIR) and a large part of the wide physics program decisively rely on new experimental techniques to cool and slow down antiprotons to 20 keV, namely on the development of an ultra-low energy electrostatic storage ring (USR). The whole research program connected with anti-matter/matter interactions is only feasible if such a machine will be realized For the USR to fulfil its key role in the FLAIR project, the development of novel and challenging methods and technologies is necessary: the combination of the electrostatic storage mode with a deceleration of the stored ions from 300 keV to 20 keV, electron cooling at all energies in both longitudinal and transverse phase-space, bunching of the stored beam to ultra-short pulses in the nanosecond regime and the development of an in-ring reaction microscope for antiproton-matter rearrangement experiments. In this contribution, the layout and the expected beam parameters of the USR are presented and its role within FLAIR described. The machine lattice and the cooler parameters are summarized.  
 
TUPLS067 Status of the HESR Electron Cooler Design Work electron, target, gun, collider 1648
 
  • D. Reistad, T. Bergmark, O. Byström, B. Gålnander, S. Johnson, T. Johnson, T. Lofnes, G. Norman, T. Peterson, K. Rathsman, L. Westerberg
    TSL, Uppsala
  • H. Danared
    MSL, Stockholm
  The electron energy of the HESR electron cooler shall be variable from 450 keV to 4.5 MeV. Furthermore, the design shall not exclude a further upgrade to 8 MeV. Operation of the HESR in a collider mode, which requires electron cooling of both protons and antiprotons traveling in opposite directions, is an interesting option. The status of the technical design of the HESR electron cooling system will be presented.  
 
TUPLS069 Performance of Fermilab's 4.3 MeV Electron Cooler electron, gun, cathode, focusing 1654
 
  • A.V. Shemyakin, A.V. Burov, K. Carlson, M. Hu, T.K. Kroc, J.R. Leibfritz, S. Nagaitsev, L.R. Prost, S.M. Pruss, G.W. Saewert, C.W. Schmidt, M. Sutherland, V. Tupikov, A. Warner
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  A 4.3 MeV DC electron beam is used to cool longitudinally an antiproton beam in the Fermilab's Recycler ring. The cooling rate is regulated either by variation of the electron beam current up to 0.5 A or by a vertical separation of beams in the cooling section. The paper will describe steps that provided a stable operation and present the status of the cooler.  
 
WEPCH057 Measurement and Optimization of the Lattice Functions in the Debuncher Ring at Fermilab lattice, optics, kicker, injection 2050
 
  • V.P. Nagaslaev, K. Gollwitzer, V.A. Lebedev, A. Valishev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • V. Sajaev
    ANL, Argonne, Illinois
  A goal of the Tevatron Run-II upgrade requires substantial increase of antiproton production. The central step towards this goal is increasing the Debuncher ring admittance. Detailed understanding of the Debuncher's optics, aperture limitations and lattice functions is necessary. The method of the response matrix optimization has been used to determine quadrupole errors and corrections to the design functions. The measurement accuracy is about 5% due to the Beam Position Monitor system resolution and the small number of steering elements in the machine. We have used these accurate measurements to redesign the machine optics to maximize the acceptance of the Debuncher where the main limiting apertures are the stochastic cooling pickups and kickers. Accuracy of the measurements and the limitations are discussed as well as details of the optics modification.  
 
WEPCH119 Beam Performance with Internal Targets in the High-energy Storage Ring (HESR) target, beam-losses, luminosity, scattering 2197
 
  • A. Lehrach, R. Maier, D. Prasuhn
    FZJ, Jülich
  • O. Boine-Frankenheim, R.W. Hasse
    GSI, Darmstadt
  • F. Hinterberger
    Universität Bonn, Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Bonn
  The High-energy Storage Ring of the future International Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI in Darmstadt is planned as an antiproton synchrotron storage ring in the momentum range of 1.5 to 15 GeV/c. An important feature of HESR is the combination of phase space cooled beams and dense internal targets (e.g., pellet targets), which results in demanding beam parameter requirements for two operation modes: high luminosity mode with peak luminosities of up to 2·1032 cm-2 s-1, and high resolution mode with a momentum spread down to 10-5, respectively. The beam cooling equilibrium and beam loss with internal target interaction is analyzed. Rate equations are used to predict the rms equilibrium beam parameters. The cooling and intra-beam scattering rate coefficients are obtained from simplified models. Energy loss straggling in the target and the associated beam loss are analyzed analytically assuming a thin target. A longitudinal kinetic simulation code is used to study the evolution of the momentum distribution in coasting and bunched beam. The analytic expressions for the target induced momentum tail are found in good agreement with the simulation results.

*A. Lehrach et al. Beam Performance and Luminosity Limitations in the High-Energy Storage Ring (HESR), Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A44704 (2006).

 
 
THYFI01 Tevatron Ionization Profile Monitoring injection, electron, proton, IPM 2777
 
  • A. Jansson, K. Bowie, T. Fitzpatrick, R. Kwarciany, C. Lundberg, D. Slimmer, L. Valerio, J.R. Zagel
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  Ionization Profile monitors have been used in almost all machines at Fermilab. However, the Tevatron presents some particular challenges with its two counter-rotating, small beams, and stringent vacuum requirements. In order to obtain adequate beam size accuracy with the small signals available, custom made electronics from particle physics experiments was employed. This provides a fast (single bunch) and dead-timeless charge integration with a sensitivity in the femto-Coulomb range, bringing the system close to the single ionization electron detection threshold. The detector itself is based on a previous Main Injector prototype, albeit with many modifications and improvements. The first detector was installed at the end of 2005, with a second detector to follow during the spring shutdown. The ultimate is to continuously monitor beam size oscillations at injection, as well as the beam size evolution during ramp and squeeze.  
slides icon Transparencies
 
THPCH008 The Non-linear Space Charge Field Compensation of the Electron Beam in the High Energy Storage Ring of FAIR electron, space-charge, multipole, resonance 2802
 
  • A.N. Chechenin, R. Maier, Y. Senichev
    FZJ, Jülich
  In the High Energy Storage Ring, a part of the FAIR project at GSI in Darmstadt, the internal target is used. To compensate the interaction of the beam with the target, the electron beam cooling is needed. However, together with the cooling, the non-linear space charge field of electron beam modifies the dynamic aperture. We investigate the possible schemes of this effect compensation using the multi-pole correctors on the HESR.  
 
THPCH065 Suppression of Transverse Instability by a Digital Damper damping, impedance, kicker, space-charge 2934
 
  • A.V. Burov, V.A. Lebedev
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  When a beam phase space density increases, it makes its motion intrinsically unstable. To suppress the instabilities, dampers are required. With a progress of digital technology, digital dampers are getting to be more and more preferable, compared with analog ones. Conversion of an analog signal into digital one is described by a linear operator with explicit time dependence. Thus, the analog-digital converter (ADC) does not preserve a signal frequency. Instead, a monochromatic input signal is transformed into a mixture of all possible frequencies, combining the input one with multiples of the sampling frequency. Stability analysis has to include a cross-talk between all these combined frequencies. In this paper, we are analyzing a problem of stability for beam transverse microwave oscillations in a presence of digital damper; the impedance and the space charge are taken into account. The developed formalism is applied for antiproton beam in the Recycler Ring at Fermilab.