CYCLOTRONS2022 - List of Authors (Planche, T.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOBI01	Summary of the Snowmass’21 Workshop on High Power Cyclotrons and FFAs	20
	D. Winklehner, J.R. Alonso MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA A. Adelmann, M. Haj Tahar PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland L. Calabretta INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy H. Okuno RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan T. Planche TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	In this talk, we summarize the presentations and findings of the "Workshop on High Power Cyclotrons and FFAs" that we held online in September 2021. The workshop was held as part of the 2021 Snowmass Community Exercise, in which the US particle physics community came together in a year-long effort to provide suggestions for a long-term strategy for the field, and the "Accelerators for Neutrinos" subpanel thereof. Topics that were discussed during our high-power cyclotron workshop were the application of cyclotrons in particle physics, specifically neutrino physics, and as drivers for muon production. Furthermore, as these same accelerators have important applications in the fields of isotope production and possibly in energy research, we have included those topics as well. Finally, we took a look at Fixed Field Alternating Gradient accelerators (FFAs) and their potential to become high-intensity machines.
	Slides MOBI01 [1.885 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOBI01
About •	Received ※ 23 July 2023 — Revised ※ 03 August 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 August 2023 — Issue date ※ 11 October 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO014	Design Studies of the Cylindrically Symmetric Magnetic Inflector	87
	L.G. Zhang, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	The spiral inflector steers the beam from the bore in the main magnet into the median plane to achieve the axial injection with an external ion source. In a conventional electrostatic infector, the injection beam energy is limited by the breakdown voltage on the electrodes. At the same time, the injection intensity is also limited by the small aperture in the electrostatic inflector. Magnetic inflector is a promising alternative to overcome these disadvantages. To demonstrate the technology, we use the TR100 main magnet model, a conceptual idea of an H²⁺ cyclotron, as a testbench to study the inflection conditions and optics of the passive magnetic inflector with a cylindrically symmetric structure. A mirror-like field with optimized mirror length and ratio provides a well-focused beam arriving at the median plane. The required magnetic field is produced by shimming a center plug in the injection hole. The space charge effect is also discussed with the simulation of a high-intensity injection beam.
	Poster MOPO014 [0.678 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO014
About •	Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 01 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 04 March 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUAO04	Design of a Multi-Harmonic Buncher for TRIUMF 500 MeV Cyclotron	118
	S. Saminathan, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, M. Ilagan, P.M. Jung, O. Law, R.E. Laxdal, M. Marchetto, T. Planche, V. Zvyagintsev TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	The TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron injection system consists of a 40 m long beamline to transport the 300 keV H⁻ ion beams into the cyclotron. Part of the original beamline, the vertical injection section, was replaced in 2011 and, while the remaining horizontal injection section is being redesigned for replacement. As part of the horizontal injection beamline upgrade, the present buncher system will be replaced with a new one. Presently, the injection system consists of two double gap bunchers. The first buncher operates at the cyclotron RF frequency (23.06 MHz) while the second operates at the second harmonic frequency (46.12 MHz). The proposed new buncher is based on a two-electrode multi-harmonic system, which will be operated by up to three harmonics. The beam dynamics studies have been performed, including the space-charge effects using the particle-in-cell code WARP. Simulation results of longitudinal beam dynamics are presented for transporting beam intensity up to 1 mA.
	Slides TUAO04 [2.473 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-TUAO04
About •	Received ※ 03 January 2023 — Revised ※ 11 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 March 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRAI02	Design of a 2 GeV Cyclotron with Constant Radial and Vertical Tunes	356
	T. Planche, R.A. Baartman TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	Funding: This work was funded by TRIUMF which receives federal funding via a contribution agreement with the National Research Council of Canada. We demonstrate that a cyclotron can be made to have precisely constant betatron tunes over wide energy ranges. In particular, we show that the horizontal tune can be made constant and does not have to follow the Lorentz factor gamma, while still perfectly satisfying the isochronous condition. To make this demonstration we developed a technique based on the calculation of the betatron tunes entirely from the geometry of realistic non-hard-edge closed orbits. The technique is applied to the particular case of a 800 MeV to 2 GeV proton cyclotron to produce a design that is presented here.
	Slides FRAI02 [3.213 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-FRAI02
About •	Received ※ 01 June 2023 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 12 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRBO04	Error Magnetic Field due to the Median Plane Asymmetry and Its Applications in the Cyclotron	381
	L.G. Zhang, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	Cyclotrons have a median plane symmetric structure. But the pole’s geometric error and the unevenly magnetized soft iron give rise to non-zero asymmetrical fields in the geometric median plane. The asymmetric field can shift the vertical position of the beam. Moreover, The error of the tilted median plane can be the driving force when the tunes pass through coupling resonances. In this paper, we take the TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron as an example to study the asymmetric field resulting from imperfect median plane symmetry. An approach due to M. Gordon, and a highly accurate compact finite differentiation method are used to investigate the historical field survey data, which reveals redundancy in the survey data. The redundancy was used in this study to correct the error in the measurement data. Further, the median plane asymmetry field could be manipulated using trim coils or harmonic coils with top and bottom coil currents in opposite directions (’Br-mode’). Using the created asymmetric field, we improved the vertical tune measurement method to investigate the linear coupling resonance in TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron. Eventually, the coupling resonance is corrected and avoided using the available harmonic coils and trim coils.
	Slides FRBO04 [1.620 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-FRBO04
About •	Received ※ 29 December 2022 — Revised ※ 07 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2023
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Summary of the Snowmass’21 Workshop on High Power Cyclotrons and FFAs

20

D. Winklehner, J.R. Alonso
MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
A. Adelmann, M. Haj Tahar
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
L. Calabretta
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
H. Okuno
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
T. Planche
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

In this talk, we summarize the presentations and findings of the "Workshop on High Power Cyclotrons and FFAs" that we held online in September 2021. The workshop was held as part of the 2021 Snowmass Community Exercise, in which the US particle physics community came together in a year-long effort to provide suggestions for a long-term strategy for the field, and the "Accelerators for Neutrinos" subpanel thereof. Topics that were discussed during our high-power cyclotron workshop were the application of cyclotrons in particle physics, specifically neutrino physics, and as drivers for muon production. Furthermore, as these same accelerators have important applications in the fields of isotope production and possibly in energy research, we have included those topics as well. Finally, we took a look at Fixed Field Alternating Gradient accelerators (FFAs) and their potential to become high-intensity machines.

Slides MOBI01 [1.885 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOBI01

About •

Received ※ 23 July 2023 — Revised ※ 03 August 2023 — Accepted ※ 14 August 2023 — Issue date ※ 11 October 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPO014

Design Studies of the Cylindrically Symmetric Magnetic Inflector

87

L.G. Zhang, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

The spiral inflector steers the beam from the bore in the main magnet into the median plane to achieve the axial injection with an external ion source. In a conventional electrostatic infector, the injection beam energy is limited by the breakdown voltage on the electrodes. At the same time, the injection intensity is also limited by the small aperture in the electrostatic inflector. Magnetic inflector is a promising alternative to overcome these disadvantages. To demonstrate the technology, we use the TR100 main magnet model, a conceptual idea of an H²⁺ cyclotron, as a testbench to study the inflection conditions and optics of the passive magnetic inflector with a cylindrically symmetric structure. A mirror-like field with optimized mirror length and ratio provides a well-focused beam arriving at the median plane. The required magnetic field is produced by shimming a center plug in the injection hole. The space charge effect is also discussed with the simulation of a high-intensity injection beam.

Poster MOPO014 [0.678 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-MOPO014

About •

Received ※ 04 December 2022 — Revised ※ 01 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 06 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 04 March 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUAO04

Design of a Multi-Harmonic Buncher for TRIUMF 500 MeV Cyclotron

118

S. Saminathan, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, M. Ilagan, P.M. Jung, O. Law, R.E. Laxdal, M. Marchetto, T. Planche, V. Zvyagintsev
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

The TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron injection system consists of a 40 m long beamline to transport the 300 keV H⁻ ion beams into the cyclotron. Part of the original beamline, the vertical injection section, was replaced in 2011 and, while the remaining horizontal injection section is being redesigned for replacement. As part of the horizontal injection beamline upgrade, the present buncher system will be replaced with a new one. Presently, the injection system consists of two double gap bunchers. The first buncher operates at the cyclotron RF frequency (23.06 MHz) while the second operates at the second harmonic frequency (46.12 MHz). The proposed new buncher is based on a two-electrode multi-harmonic system, which will be operated by up to three harmonics. The beam dynamics studies have been performed, including the space-charge effects using the particle-in-cell code WARP. Simulation results of longitudinal beam dynamics are presented for transporting beam intensity up to 1 mA.

Slides TUAO04 [2.473 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-TUAO04

About •

Received ※ 03 January 2023 — Revised ※ 11 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 13 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 05 March 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRAI02

Design of a 2 GeV Cyclotron with Constant Radial and Vertical Tunes

356

T. Planche, R.A. Baartman
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Funding: This work was funded by TRIUMF which receives federal funding via a contribution agreement with the National Research Council of Canada.
We demonstrate that a cyclotron can be made to have precisely constant betatron tunes over wide energy ranges. In particular, we show that the horizontal tune can be made constant and does not have to follow the Lorentz factor gamma, while still perfectly satisfying the isochronous condition. To make this demonstration we developed a technique based on the calculation of the betatron tunes entirely from the geometry of realistic non-hard-edge closed orbits. The technique is applied to the particular case of a 800 MeV to 2 GeV proton cyclotron to produce a design that is presented here.

Slides FRAI02 [3.213 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-FRAI02

About •

Received ※ 01 June 2023 — Revised ※ 28 January 2023 — Accepted ※ 09 July 2023 — Issue date ※ 12 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

FRBO04

Error Magnetic Field due to the Median Plane Asymmetry and Its Applications in the Cyclotron

381

L.G. Zhang, R.A. Baartman, Y. Bylinskii, T. Planche, Y.-N. Rao
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Cyclotrons have a median plane symmetric structure. But the pole’s geometric error and the unevenly magnetized soft iron give rise to non-zero asymmetrical fields in the geometric median plane. The asymmetric field can shift the vertical position of the beam. Moreover, The error of the tilted median plane can be the driving force when the tunes pass through coupling resonances. In this paper, we take the TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron as an example to study the asymmetric field resulting from imperfect median plane symmetry. An approach due to M. Gordon, and a highly accurate compact finite differentiation method are used to investigate the historical field survey data, which reveals redundancy in the survey data. The redundancy was used in this study to correct the error in the measurement data. Further, the median plane asymmetry field could be manipulated using trim coils or harmonic coils with top and bottom coil currents in opposite directions (’Br-mode’). Using the created asymmetric field, we improved the vertical tune measurement method to investigate the linear coupling resonance in TRIUMF 500 MeV cyclotron. Eventually, the coupling resonance is corrected and avoided using the available harmonic coils and trim coils.

Slides FRBO04 [1.620 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-CYCLOTRONS2022-FRBO04

About •

Received ※ 29 December 2022 — Revised ※ 07 February 2023 — Accepted ※ 10 February 2023 — Issue date ※ 10 July 2023

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)