ICAP2012 - List of Keywords (proton)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOAAI1	Project Overview and Computational Needs to Measure Electric Dipole Moments at Storage Rings	storage-ring, simulation, dipole, synchrotron	7
	A. Lehrach FZJ, Jülich, Germany
	The discovery of a non-zero EDM (Electric Dipole Moment) would be a signal for “new physics” beyond the standard model. EDM experiments with charged particles are only possible at storage rings. As a first step towards EDM searches in storage rings we proposed R&D work to be carried out at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY, then perform a first direct EDM measurement of a charged particle in a storage ring at COSY and on a longer time scale construct a dedicated storage ring. Full spin-tracking simulations of the entire experiment are absolutely crucial to explore the feasibility of the planned experiments. It is planned to use the COSY-INFINITY code and its updates to include higher-order nonlinearities, normal form analysis, symplectic tracking and especially spin tracking upon incorporation of RF-E/B spin flippers into the code. Adding the spin degree of freedom substantially enhances the need for the computing power. In order to study subtle effects and simulate particle and spin dynamics during the storage and build-up of the EDM signal, one needs custom-tailored fast trackers capable of following up to 100 billion turns for samples of up to 10⁶ particles.
	Slides MOAAI1 [3.341 MB]

MOABC3	Simulating the LHC Collimation System with the Accelerator Physics Library MERLIN, and Loss Map Results	collimation, scattering, simulation, optics	12
	J. Molson, R. Appleby, M. Serluca, A.M. Toader UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom R.J. Barlow University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom
	Funding: FP7 EUCARD Cockcroft Institute We present large scale simulations of the LHC collimation system using the MERLIN code for calculations of loss maps, currently using up to 1.5·10⁹ halo particles. In the dispersion suppressors following the collimation regions, protons that have undergone diffractive interactions can be lost into the cold magnets. This causes radiation damage and could possibly cause a magnet quench in the future with higher stored beam energies. In order to correctly simulate the loss rates in these regions, a high statistics physics simulation must be created that includes both accurate beam physics, and an accurate description of the scattering of a 7 TeV proton in bulk materials. The current version includes the ability to simulate new possible materials for upgraded collimators, and advances to beam-collimator interactions, including proton-nucleus interactions using the Donnachie-Landshoff Regge-Pomeron scattering model. Magnet alignment and field errors are included, in addition to collimator jaw alignment errors, and their effects on the beam losses are systematically estimated. Collimator wakefield simulations are now fully parallel via MPI, and many other speed enhancements have been made.
	Slides MOABC3 [8.057 MB]

MOSCC1	Beam Dynamics Study concerning SIS-100 Proton Operation including Space Charge Effects	space-charge, lattice, dynamic-aperture, ion	34
	S. Sorge GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The projected SIS-100 synchrotron at GSI will be used for operation with intense proton and heavy ion beams. In order to avoid the crossing of the transition energy during proton operation a complicated optics scheme is proposed to provide a transition energy above the extraction energy of E=29 GeV. For the purpose of optimizing the lattice, and to find a suitable working point, regime simulation scans of the dynamic aperture are performed based on MAD-X tracking. In the next step working point candidates will be used for particle tracking simulations in order to estimate beam loss due to space charge induced resonance crossing. For these studies different codes and space charge models are considered.
	Slides MOSCC1 [0.643 MB]

MOSCC3	Low-energy p-He and mu-He Simulation in Geant4	scattering, simulation, plasma, electron	40
	Y. Bao PSI, Villigen, Switzerland
	The frictional cooling method is one of the most promising methods on cooling a muon beam. Several frictional cooling schemes have been simulated in Geant4 to be efficient to produce intense muon beams. Frictional cooling works at a low energy range, where the energy loss (momentum transfer) from elastic collision is not negligible. In this paper, the p-He collision process is implemented into Geant4 and the simulation results are compared to the literature data. The cross section is then scaled for mu-He interaction, which will provide more accurate Geant4 simulations at low energies.
	Slides MOSCC3 [0.665 MB]

TUADI1	Storage Ring EDM Simulation: Methods and Results	simulation, lattice, storage-ring, factory	99
	Y. Senichev, A. Lehrach, R. Maier, D. Zyuzin FZJ, Jülich, Germany S.N. Andrianov, A.N. Ivanov St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia M. Berz, K. Makino MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	The idea of Electric Dipole Moment search using the electrostatic storage ring with polarized beam is based on accumulation of additional tiny spin rotation, about one-billionth of radians per second, occurred only in the presence of EDM. This method can be realized under condition of the long-time spin coherency ~1000 seconds. During this time each particle performs about 109 turns in ring moving on different trajectories. At such conditions the spin-rotation aberrations associated with various types of space and time dependent nonlinearities start playing a crucial role. To design such a ring the computer simulation is necessary taking into account all factors affecting the spin. We used COSY-Infinity and integrating program with symplectic Runge-Kutta methods in composition with analytic methods. We developed a new lattice based on the alternating spin rotating. As a result, we can achieve the SCT of ~5000 seconds. The difficulties of these studies are still in the fact that the aberrations growth is observed in the scale of 109 turns and few million particles. For this simulation we use a supercomputer with parallel computing process.
	Slides TUADI1 [0.951 MB]

WEAAC2	Simulation of Baseband BTFs Using a Particle-in-cell Code	simulation, beam-beam-effects, lattice, diagnostics	121
	P.A. Görgen TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany O. Boine-Frankenheim GSI, Darmstadt, Germany W. Fischer, S.M. White BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	A simulation model for transverse bunched beam transfer functions (BTFs) at the base harmonic is presented. It is based on a code including different machine effects, most notably transverse space charge using a two-dimensional (2D) Poisson solver. A simplified model for the simulation of the strong-strong beam-beam effect was implemented using either 2D field data or analytic expressions under the assumption of Gaussian beams for the beam-beam interaction. The validity of the BTF model is verified based on the comparison of BTF and Schottky spectra features with analytic expectations from literature. The simulation model is then applied to the RHIC proton lattice. A linear transfer map is used between interaction points. BTFs including the beam-beam effect are simulated. Measurements are compared to simulation results at machine conditions.
	Slides WEAAC2 [2.829 MB]

WESAI2	Space Charge and Electron Cloud Simulations	electron, resonance, space-charge, simulation	130
	G. Franchetti GSI, Darmstadt, Germany F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Funding: AccNet Tracking of high intensity effects for few turns of a circular accelerator is at reach of present computational capabilities. The situation is very different when the prediction of beam behaviour is extended to hundred of thousands of turns, where special approaches for the control of computer artifact are necessary sometimes to the expense of a complete physical modeling. The identification of the key physical ingredients helps to the development of computer algorithms capable of treating the long term tracking. In this talk it is presented the actual state of simulations for long term tracking of high intensity bunches of the SIS100 addressing the self consistent treatment of beam loss. A more realistic modeling of the incoherent effect of electron cloud is addressed as well.
	Slides WESAI2 [7.523 MB]

THSCC3	On Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactor Power Gain	neutron, target, feedback, coupling	259
	A.G. Golovkina, I.V. Kudinovich, D.A. Ovsyannikov St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
	The accelerator driven system (ADS) with subcritical reactor is considered. Such systems demonstrate high safety, due to the fact, that the reactor operates at sub-critical level. The problem of the reactor power rate maximiztion on fixed values of effective multiplication factor and the external neutron supply (neutron generating target) intensity is studied. In this paper the main attention is paid to the reactor core optimization. Some ways of ADS power rate gain and optimized reactor core parameters are proposed.
	Slides THSCC3 [1.857 MB]

FRSAI3	PIC Simulations of Laser Ion Acceleration via TNSA	simulation, electron, laser, plasma	290
	L. Lecz TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany O. Boine-Frankenheim, V. Kornilov GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	The laser acceleration of protons via the TNSA (Target Normal Sheath Acceleration) mechanism from a thin metal foil (few micrometer) interacting with intense and short (several 100 fs) laser pulse is investigated by using 1D and 2D particle-in-cell electro-magnetic VORPAL [1] simulations. The protons originate from the very thin hydrogen-rich contamination layer on the target rear surface. In the 1D view we have found that two models well describe the longitudinal acceleration in the two extreme cases: quasi-static acceleration [2] for mono-layers and isothermal plasma expansion [3] for thick layers. The grid heating, which is the most important issue in 2D simulations, and its effect on the proton acceleration is discussed. The required numerical parameters and boundary conditions for stable and reliable 2D simulations are also presented. [1] http://www.txcorp.com/products/VORPAL/ [2] M. Passoni et al., Phys Rev E 69, 026411 (2004) [3] P. Mora, Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 185002 (2003)
	Slides FRSAI3 [4.325 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOAAI1

Project Overview and Computational Needs to Measure Electric Dipole Moments at Storage Rings

storage-ring, simulation, dipole, synchrotron

7

A. Lehrach
FZJ, Jülich, Germany

The discovery of a non-zero EDM (Electric Dipole Moment) would be a signal for “new physics” beyond the standard model. EDM experiments with charged particles are only possible at storage rings. As a first step towards EDM searches in storage rings we proposed R&D work to be carried out at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY, then perform a first direct EDM measurement of a charged particle in a storage ring at COSY and on a longer time scale construct a dedicated storage ring. Full spin-tracking simulations of the entire experiment are absolutely crucial to explore the feasibility of the planned experiments. It is planned to use the COSY-INFINITY code and its updates to include higher-order nonlinearities, normal form analysis, symplectic tracking and especially spin tracking upon incorporation of RF-E/B spin flippers into the code. Adding the spin degree of freedom substantially enhances the need for the computing power. In order to study subtle effects and simulate particle and spin dynamics during the storage and build-up of the EDM signal, one needs custom-tailored fast trackers capable of following up to 100 billion turns for samples of up to 10⁶ particles.

Slides MOAAI1 [3.341 MB]

MOABC3

Simulating the LHC Collimation System with the Accelerator Physics Library MERLIN, and Loss Map Results

collimation, scattering, simulation, optics

12

J. Molson, R. Appleby, M. Serluca, A.M. Toader
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
R.J. Barlow
University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, United Kingdom

Funding: FP7 EUCARD Cockcroft Institute
We present large scale simulations of the LHC collimation system using the MERLIN code for calculations of loss maps, currently using up to 1.5·10⁹ halo particles. In the dispersion suppressors following the collimation regions, protons that have undergone diffractive interactions can be lost into the cold magnets. This causes radiation damage and could possibly cause a magnet quench in the future with higher stored beam energies. In order to correctly simulate the loss rates in these regions, a high statistics physics simulation must be created that includes both accurate beam physics, and an accurate description of the scattering of a 7 TeV proton in bulk materials. The current version includes the ability to simulate new possible materials for upgraded collimators, and advances to beam-collimator interactions, including proton-nucleus interactions using the Donnachie-Landshoff Regge-Pomeron scattering model. Magnet alignment and field errors are included, in addition to collimator jaw alignment errors, and their effects on the beam losses are systematically estimated. Collimator wakefield simulations are now fully parallel via MPI, and many other speed enhancements have been made.

Slides MOABC3 [8.057 MB]

MOSCC1

Beam Dynamics Study concerning SIS-100 Proton Operation including Space Charge Effects

space-charge, lattice, dynamic-aperture, ion

34

S. Sorge
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The projected SIS-100 synchrotron at GSI will be used for operation with intense proton and heavy ion beams. In order to avoid the crossing of the transition energy during proton operation a complicated optics scheme is proposed to provide a transition energy above the extraction energy of E=29 GeV. For the purpose of optimizing the lattice, and to find a suitable working point, regime simulation scans of the dynamic aperture are performed based on MAD-X tracking. In the next step working point candidates will be used for particle tracking simulations in order to estimate beam loss due to space charge induced resonance crossing. For these studies different codes and space charge models are considered.

Slides MOSCC1 [0.643 MB]

MOSCC3

Low-energy p-He and mu-He Simulation in Geant4

scattering, simulation, plasma, electron

40

Y. Bao
PSI, Villigen, Switzerland

The frictional cooling method is one of the most promising methods on cooling a muon beam. Several frictional cooling schemes have been simulated in Geant4 to be efficient to produce intense muon beams. Frictional cooling works at a low energy range, where the energy loss (momentum transfer) from elastic collision is not negligible. In this paper, the p-He collision process is implemented into Geant4 and the simulation results are compared to the literature data. The cross section is then scaled for mu-He interaction, which will provide more accurate Geant4 simulations at low energies.

Slides MOSCC3 [0.665 MB]

TUADI1

Storage Ring EDM Simulation: Methods and Results

simulation, lattice, storage-ring, factory

99

Y. Senichev, A. Lehrach, R. Maier, D. Zyuzin
FZJ, Jülich, Germany
S.N. Andrianov, A.N. Ivanov
St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia
M. Berz, K. Makino
MSU, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

The idea of Electric Dipole Moment search using the electrostatic storage ring with polarized beam is based on accumulation of additional tiny spin rotation, about one-billionth of radians per second, occurred only in the presence of EDM. This method can be realized under condition of the long-time spin coherency ~1000 seconds. During this time each particle performs about 109 turns in ring moving on different trajectories. At such conditions the spin-rotation aberrations associated with various types of space and time dependent nonlinearities start playing a crucial role. To design such a ring the computer simulation is necessary taking into account all factors affecting the spin. We used COSY-Infinity and integrating program with symplectic Runge-Kutta methods in composition with analytic methods. We developed a new lattice based on the alternating spin rotating. As a result, we can achieve the SCT of ~5000 seconds. The difficulties of these studies are still in the fact that the aberrations growth is observed in the scale of 109 turns and few million particles. For this simulation we use a supercomputer with parallel computing process.

Slides TUADI1 [0.951 MB]

WEAAC2

Simulation of Baseband BTFs Using a Particle-in-cell Code

simulation, beam-beam-effects, lattice, diagnostics

121

P.A. Görgen
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
O. Boine-Frankenheim
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
W. Fischer, S.M. White
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

A simulation model for transverse bunched beam transfer functions (BTFs) at the base harmonic is presented. It is based on a code including different machine effects, most notably transverse space charge using a two-dimensional (2D) Poisson solver. A simplified model for the simulation of the strong-strong beam-beam effect was implemented using either 2D field data or analytic expressions under the assumption of Gaussian beams for the beam-beam interaction. The validity of the BTF model is verified based on the comparison of BTF and Schottky spectra features with analytic expectations from literature. The simulation model is then applied to the RHIC proton lattice. A linear transfer map is used between interaction points. BTFs including the beam-beam effect are simulated. Measurements are compared to simulation results at machine conditions.

Slides WEAAC2 [2.829 MB]

WESAI2

Space Charge and Electron Cloud Simulations

electron, resonance, space-charge, simulation

130

G. Franchetti
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Funding: AccNet
Tracking of high intensity effects for few turns of a circular accelerator is at reach of present computational capabilities. The situation is very different when the prediction of beam behaviour is extended to hundred of thousands of turns, where special approaches for the control of computer artifact are necessary sometimes to the expense of a complete physical modeling. The identification of the key physical ingredients helps to the development of computer algorithms capable of treating the long term tracking. In this talk it is presented the actual state of simulations for long term tracking of high intensity bunches of the SIS100 addressing the self consistent treatment of beam loss. A more realistic modeling of the incoherent effect of electron cloud is addressed as well.

Slides WESAI2 [7.523 MB]

THSCC3

On Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactor Power Gain

neutron, target, feedback, coupling

259

A.G. Golovkina, I.V. Kudinovich, D.A. Ovsyannikov
St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

The accelerator driven system (ADS) with subcritical reactor is considered. Such systems demonstrate high safety, due to the fact, that the reactor operates at sub-critical level. The problem of the reactor power rate maximiztion on fixed values of effective multiplication factor and the external neutron supply (neutron generating target) intensity is studied. In this paper the main attention is paid to the reactor core optimization. Some ways of ADS power rate gain and optimized reactor core parameters are proposed.

Slides THSCC3 [1.857 MB]

FRSAI3

PIC Simulations of Laser Ion Acceleration via TNSA

simulation, electron, laser, plasma

290

L. Lecz
TEMF, TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
O. Boine-Frankenheim, V. Kornilov
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

The laser acceleration of protons via the TNSA (Target Normal Sheath Acceleration) mechanism from a thin metal foil (few micrometer) interacting with intense and short (several 100 fs) laser pulse is investigated by using 1D and 2D particle-in-cell electro-magnetic VORPAL [1] simulations. The protons originate from the very thin hydrogen-rich contamination layer on the target rear surface. In the 1D view we have found that two models well describe the longitudinal acceleration in the two extreme cases: quasi-static acceleration [2] for mono-layers and isothermal plasma expansion [3] for thick layers. The grid heating, which is the most important issue in 2D simulations, and its effect on the proton acceleration is discussed. The required numerical parameters and boundary conditions for stable and reliable 2D simulations are also presented.
[1] http://www.txcorp.com/products/VORPAL/
[2] M. Passoni et al., Phys Rev E 69, 026411 (2004)
[3] P. Mora, Phys. Rev. Lett., 90, 185002 (2003)

Slides FRSAI3 [4.325 MB]