SRF2017 - List of Authors (Laxdal, R.E.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOXA03	The 30MeV Stage of the ARIEL e-linac	6
	R.E. Laxdal, Z.T. Ang, T. Au, K. Fong, O.K. Kester, S.R. Koscielniak, A.N. Koveshnikov, M.P. Laverty, Y. Ma, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng, Z.Y. Yao, Q. Zheng, V. Zvyagintsev TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	A MW class cw superconducting electron linac (e-Linac) is being installed at TRIUMF as a driver for radioactive beam production as part of the ARIEL project. The e-linac final configuration is planned to consist of five 1.3GHz nine-cell cavities housed in three cryomodules with one single cavity injector cryomodule (EINJ) and two double cavity accelerating cryomodules (EACA, EACB) to accelerate in continuous-wave (cw) up to 10mA of electrons to 50MeV. The e-Linac is being installed in stages. A demonstrator phase (2014) consisting of a 300kV electron gun, EINJ, and a partially outfitted EACA with just one accelerating cavity was installed for initial technical and beam tests to 22.9MeV. A Stage 2 upgrade now installed has a completed EACA to reach an operational goal of 3mA of electrons to 30MeV for first science from the ARIEL ISOL targets. A single 290kW klystron is used to feed the two EACA cavities in vector-sum closed-loop control. The paper is focused on the SRF challenges: systems design, cavity and cryomodule performance, rf ancillaries preparation and performance, LLRF and RF system performance and final beam test results.
	Slides MOXA03 [13.981 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-MOXA03
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MOPB042	The TRIUMF/VECC Injector Cryomodule Performance	144
	Y. Ma, K. Fong, T. Junginger, D. Kishi, A.N. Koveshnikov, R.E. Laxdal, N. Muller, R.R. Nagimov, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng, Z.Y. Yao, V. Zvyagintsev TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada U. Bhunia, A. Chakrabarti, S. Dechoudhury, V. Naik VECC, Kolkata, India
	The collaboration on superconducting electron Linac for rare ion beam facilities ARIEL (Advanced Rare Iso-topE Laboratory) [1-4] and ANURIB [5] (Advanced Na-tional facility for Unstable and Rare Isotope Beams) has resulted in production of a superconducting Injector Cryomodule (VECC ICM) at TRIUMF for VECC. The cryomodule design utilizes a unique box cryomodule with a top-loading cold mass. The hermetic unit consists of a niobium cavity which operating at 1.3GHz and connected with two symmetrically opposed couplers which can deliver 100kW RF power to the beam. Liquid helium supplied at 4.4 K is converted to superfluid helium-II through a cryogenic insert on board which includes 4 K phase separator, 4K/2K heat exchanger and Joule-Thompson valve. In 2016, the VECC ICM has been tested at TRIUMF and demonstrated 10.5 MeV acceleration. A summary of the VECC ICM commissioning are presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-MOPB042
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MOPB105	Thermosiphon Cooling Loops for ARIEL Cryomodules	309
	Y. Ma, A.N. Koveshnikov, D. Lang, R.E. Laxdal, N. Muller TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	Thermosiphon cooling loops have been used in ARIEL[1,2] cryomodules for 1.3GHz superconducting cavities cooling. It can deliver 4K liquid Helium from 4K phase separator to cavity thermal intercepts and return the vaporized liquid to the 4K phase separator as a refrigerator load. The design and test results are presented in this paper.
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TUXAA03	Progress of FRIB SRF Production	345
	T. Xu, H. Ao, B. Bird, N.K. Bultman, F. Casagrande, C. Compton, K.D. Davidson, K. Elliott, A. Facco, V. Ganni, A. Ganshyn, W. Hartung, M. Ikegami, P. Knudsen, S.M. Lidia, E.S. Metzgar, S.J. Miller, D.G. Morris, P.N. Ostroumov, J.T. Popielarski, L. Popielarski, M.A. Reaume, K. Saito, S. Shanab, M. Shuptar, S. Stark, D.R. Victory, J. Wei, J.D. Wenstrom, M. Xu, Y. Xu, Y. Yamazaki FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA A. Facco INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy K. Hosoyama KEK, Ibaraki, Japan M.P. Kelly ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA R.E. Laxdal TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada M. Wiseman JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661 The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), under construction at Michigan State University, will utilize a driver linac to accelerate stable ion beams from protons to uranium up to energies of >200 MeV per nucleon with a beam power of up to 400 kW. The FRIB linac consists of 46 cryomodules containing a total of 324 superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) resonators and 69 superconducting solenoids. The design of all six type cryomodules has been completed. The critical SRF components are tested as subsystem and validated in the pre-production cryomodules. The mass production of SRF cryomodules is underway. Here we report on the progress of the technical construction of FRIB superconducting linac.
	Slides TUXAA03 [4.006 MB]
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TUPB063	Fabrication of a SRF Deflecting Cavity for the ARIEL-Linac	524
	D.W. Storey, R.E. Laxdal, B. Matheson, N. Muller TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada D.W. Storey Victoria University, Victoria, B.C., Canada
	A superconducting RF deflecting cavity has been designed and is being fabricated at TRIUMF to allow simultaneous beam delivery to both rare isotope production and an energy recovery linac. The 650 MHz cavity will operate in a TE-like mode in CW. The design has been optimised for high shunt impedance and minimal longitudinal footprint, reaching roughly 50% higher shunt impedance with 50% less length than comparable non-TM mode cavity geometries. Due to low power dissipation at 4K at the maximum required deflecting voltage of 0.6 MV, low cost manufacturing techniques have been employed in the construction of the cavity. These include the use of reactor grade Niobium and TIG welding in an inert atmosphere. Development of the manufacturing processes will be presented along with the status of fabrication.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB063
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TUPB064	Operating Experience on Cavity Performance of ISAC-II Superconducting Heavy Ion Linac	527
	Z.Y. Yao, T. Junginger, A.N. Koveshnikov, R.E. Laxdal, Y. Ma, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng, B.S. Waraich, V. Zvyagintsev TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	ISAC-II is a superconducting heavy ion linac with 40 QWRs as an extension of ISAC facility for ISOL based on radioactive ion beam production and acceleration. Phase-I with twenty 106MHz cavities has been operating since 2006. The design spec was achieved with the completion of Phase-II with another twenty 141MHz cavities in 2010. The cavity performance statistics and operating experience have been accumulated over years. This paper will summarize the operating experience on cavity performance of ISAC-II.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB064
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TUPB065	Design of Multi-frequency Coaxial Test Resonators	531
	Z.Y. Yao, T. Junginger, R.E. Laxdal, B. Matheson, B.S. Waraich, V. Zvyagintsev TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	A significant issue in low beta resonators is medium field Q-slope (MFQS) at 4K. To study the MFQS and the field dependence of surface resistance in low beta resonators, a quarter-wave resonator (QWR) and a half-wave resonator (HWR) were designed to be tested at integer harmonic frequencies of 200MHz, and up to 1.2GHz. A series of chemistry and heat treatments will be applied to these cavities so that a systemic study on the surface resistance of the coaxial resonators associating with post-processing, RF field, and frequency can be done. The detail design of these cavities and the status of cavity fabrication will be reported in this paper.
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WEXA05	Dirty Layers, Bi-layers and Multi-layers: Insights from Muon Spin Rotation Experiments
	T. Junginger, R.E. Laxdal, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada D.L. Hall, M. Liepe Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA T. Junginger HZB, Berlin, Germany S. Posen Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA T. Prokscha, Z. Salman, A. Suter PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland D.W. Storey Victoria University, Victoria, B.C., Canada T. Tan, W.K. Withanage, M.A. Wolak, X. Xi Temple University, Philadelphia, USA E. Thoeng UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada A-M. Valente-Feliciano JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA W.W. Wasserman UBC, Vancouver, B.C., Canada
	Funding: This research was supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the EU Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (2007-2013). The multilayer approach is being investigated for SRF applications since 2006 "". More recently the option of using a bilayer system of two superconductors has been considered as an alternative approach to reach accelerating gradients beyond bulk niobium or to explain the gradient enhancement from a 120°C bake by introduction of a 'dirty layer ""'. In this talk results are presented from two muon spin rotation experiments at TRIUMF and PSI. The former measures the field of first entry Hentry. It will be shown that MgB2 and Nb3Sn on top of Nb both push Hentry above Hc1 to a value consistent with Hsh, independent of the layer thickness. 120°C baking increases Hentry slightly but significantly above Hc1. Using the low energy muon beam at PSI we show that there is a long range proximity effect in a bilayer system of NbTiN on Nb. This effect yields a stronger decay of the RF field with depth as expected for pure NbTiN, opposite to what has been predicted for a bi-layer system due to counter current flow at the superconductor-superconductor interface "*". An insulating layer suppresses this proximity effect. Gurevich, A. APL 88.1 (2006) Checchin, M. Diss. Illinois Institute of Technology, 2016. Kubo, T. Superconductor Science and Technology 30.2 (2016) * Kubo, T et al. APL 104.3 (2014)
	Slides WEXA05 [3.716 MB]
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THXA02	Fabrication and Testing of Balloon Single Spoke Resonator
	Z.Y. Yao, R.E. Laxdal, B. Matheson, B.S. Waraich, V. Zvyagintsev TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
	A balloon variant of the single spoke resonator (SSR) has been designed, fabricated and tested. The cavity is the SSR1 prototype for the RISP project in Korea. The cavity is specifically designed to reduce the likelhood of multipacting barriers near the operating point. The basic design, fabrication experience and first cold test results will be reported.
	Slides THXA02 [9.851 MB]
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Paper

Title

Page

The 30MeV Stage of the ARIEL e-linac

6

R.E. Laxdal, Z.T. Ang, T. Au, K. Fong, O.K. Kester, S.R. Koscielniak, A.N. Koveshnikov, M.P. Laverty, Y. Ma, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng, Z.Y. Yao, Q. Zheng, V. Zvyagintsev
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

A MW class cw superconducting electron linac (e-Linac) is being installed at TRIUMF as a driver for radioactive beam production as part of the ARIEL project. The e-linac final configuration is planned to consist of five 1.3GHz nine-cell cavities housed in three cryomodules with one single cavity injector cryomodule (EINJ) and two double cavity accelerating cryomodules (EACA, EACB) to accelerate in continuous-wave (cw) up to 10mA of electrons to 50MeV. The e-Linac is being installed in stages. A demonstrator phase (2014) consisting of a 300kV electron gun, EINJ, and a partially outfitted EACA with just one accelerating cavity was installed for initial technical and beam tests to 22.9MeV. A Stage 2 upgrade now installed has a completed EACA to reach an operational goal of 3mA of electrons to 30MeV for first science from the ARIEL ISOL targets. A single 290kW klystron is used to feed the two EACA cavities in vector-sum closed-loop control. The paper is focused on the SRF challenges: systems design, cavity and cryomodule performance, rf ancillaries preparation and performance, LLRF and RF system performance and final beam test results.

Slides MOXA03 [13.981 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-MOXA03

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MOPB042

The TRIUMF/VECC Injector Cryomodule Performance

144

Y. Ma, K. Fong, T. Junginger, D. Kishi, A.N. Koveshnikov, R.E. Laxdal, N. Muller, R.R. Nagimov, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng, Z.Y. Yao, V. Zvyagintsev
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
U. Bhunia, A. Chakrabarti, S. Dechoudhury, V. Naik
VECC, Kolkata, India

The collaboration on superconducting electron Linac for rare ion beam facilities ARIEL (Advanced Rare Iso-topE Laboratory) [1-4] and ANURIB [5] (Advanced Na-tional facility for Unstable and Rare Isotope Beams) has resulted in production of a superconducting Injector Cryomodule (VECC ICM) at TRIUMF for VECC. The cryomodule design utilizes a unique box cryomodule with a top-loading cold mass. The hermetic unit consists of a niobium cavity which operating at 1.3GHz and connected with two symmetrically opposed couplers which can deliver 100kW RF power to the beam. Liquid helium supplied at 4.4 K is converted to superfluid helium-II through a cryogenic insert on board which includes 4 K phase separator, 4K/2K heat exchanger and Joule-Thompson valve. In 2016, the VECC ICM has been tested at TRIUMF and demonstrated 10.5 MeV acceleration. A summary of the VECC ICM commissioning are presented.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-MOPB042

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MOPB105

Thermosiphon Cooling Loops for ARIEL Cryomodules

309

Y. Ma, A.N. Koveshnikov, D. Lang, R.E. Laxdal, N. Muller
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

Thermosiphon cooling loops have been used in ARIEL[1,2] cryomodules for 1.3GHz superconducting cavities cooling. It can deliver 4K liquid Helium from 4K phase separator to cavity thermal intercepts and return the vaporized liquid to the 4K phase separator as a refrigerator load. The design and test results are presented in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-MOPB105

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TUXAA03

Progress of FRIB SRF Production

345

T. Xu, H. Ao, B. Bird, N.K. Bultman, F. Casagrande, C. Compton, K.D. Davidson, K. Elliott, A. Facco, V. Ganni, A. Ganshyn, W. Hartung, M. Ikegami, P. Knudsen, S.M. Lidia, E.S. Metzgar, S.J. Miller, D.G. Morris, P.N. Ostroumov, J.T. Popielarski, L. Popielarski, M.A. Reaume, K. Saito, S. Shanab, M. Shuptar, S. Stark, D.R. Victory, J. Wei, J.D. Wenstrom, M. Xu, Y. Xu, Y. Yamazaki
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
A. Facco
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
K. Hosoyama
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
M.P. Kelly
ANL, Argonne, Illinois, USA
R.E. Laxdal
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
M. Wiseman
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science under Cooperative Agreement DE-SC0000661
The Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB), under construction at Michigan State University, will utilize a driver linac to accelerate stable ion beams from protons to uranium up to energies of >200 MeV per nucleon with a beam power of up to 400 kW. The FRIB linac consists of 46 cryomodules containing a total of 324 superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) resonators and 69 superconducting solenoids. The design of all six type cryomodules has been completed. The critical SRF components are tested as subsystem and validated in the pre-production cryomodules. The mass production of SRF cryomodules is underway. Here we report on the progress of the technical construction of FRIB superconducting linac.

Slides TUXAA03 [4.006 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUXAA03

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TUPB063

Fabrication of a SRF Deflecting Cavity for the ARIEL-Linac

524

D.W. Storey, R.E. Laxdal, B. Matheson, N. Muller
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
D.W. Storey
Victoria University, Victoria, B.C., Canada

A superconducting RF deflecting cavity has been designed and is being fabricated at TRIUMF to allow simultaneous beam delivery to both rare isotope production and an energy recovery linac. The 650 MHz cavity will operate in a TE-like mode in CW. The design has been optimised for high shunt impedance and minimal longitudinal footprint, reaching roughly 50% higher shunt impedance with 50% less length than comparable non-TM mode cavity geometries. Due to low power dissipation at 4K at the maximum required deflecting voltage of 0.6 MV, low cost manufacturing techniques have been employed in the construction of the cavity. These include the use of reactor grade Niobium and TIG welding in an inert atmosphere. Development of the manufacturing processes will be presented along with the status of fabrication.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB063

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TUPB064

Operating Experience on Cavity Performance of ISAC-II Superconducting Heavy Ion Linac

527

Z.Y. Yao, T. Junginger, A.N. Koveshnikov, R.E. Laxdal, Y. Ma, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng, B.S. Waraich, V. Zvyagintsev
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

ISAC-II is a superconducting heavy ion linac with 40 QWRs as an extension of ISAC facility for ISOL based on radioactive ion beam production and acceleration. Phase-I with twenty 106MHz cavities has been operating since 2006. The design spec was achieved with the completion of Phase-II with another twenty 141MHz cavities in 2010. The cavity performance statistics and operating experience have been accumulated over years. This paper will summarize the operating experience on cavity performance of ISAC-II.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB064

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TUPB065

Design of Multi-frequency Coaxial Test Resonators

531

Z.Y. Yao, T. Junginger, R.E. Laxdal, B. Matheson, B.S. Waraich, V. Zvyagintsev
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

A significant issue in low beta resonators is medium field Q-slope (MFQS) at 4K. To study the MFQS and the field dependence of surface resistance in low beta resonators, a quarter-wave resonator (QWR) and a half-wave resonator (HWR) were designed to be tested at integer harmonic frequencies of 200MHz, and up to 1.2GHz. A series of chemistry and heat treatments will be applied to these cavities so that a systemic study on the surface resistance of the coaxial resonators associating with post-processing, RF field, and frequency can be done. The detail design of these cavities and the status of cavity fabrication will be reported in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-SRF2017-TUPB065

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WEXA05

Dirty Layers, Bi-layers and Multi-layers: Insights from Muon Spin Rotation Experiments

T. Junginger, R.E. Laxdal, D.W. Storey, E. Thoeng
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
D.L. Hall, M. Liepe
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
T. Junginger
HZB, Berlin, Germany
S. Posen
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
T. Prokscha, Z. Salman, A. Suter
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
D.W. Storey
Victoria University, Victoria, B.C., Canada
T. Tan, W.K. Withanage, M.A. Wolak, X. Xi
Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
E. Thoeng
UBC & TRIUMF, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
A-M. Valente-Feliciano
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
W.W. Wasserman
UBC, Vancouver, B.C., Canada

Funding: This research was supported by a Marie Curie International Outgoing Fellowship within the EU Seventh Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development (2007-2013).
The multilayer approach is being investigated for SRF applications since 2006 "*". More recently the option of using a bilayer system of two superconductors has been considered as an alternative approach to reach accelerating gradients beyond bulk niobium or to explain the gradient enhancement from a 120°C bake by introduction of a 'dirty layer "**"'. In this talk results are presented from two muon spin rotation experiments at TRIUMF and PSI. The former measures the field of first entry Hentry. It will be shown that MgB2 and Nb3Sn on top of Nb both push Hentry above Hc1 to a value consistent with Hsh, independent of the layer thickness. 120°C baking increases Hentry slightly but significantly above Hc1. Using the low energy muon beam at PSI we show that there is a long range proximity effect in a bilayer system of NbTiN on Nb. This effect yields a stronger decay of the RF field with depth as expected for pure NbTiN, opposite to what has been predicted for a bi-layer system due to counter current flow at the superconductor-superconductor interface "***". An insulating layer suppresses this proximity effect.
* Gurevich, A. APL 88.1 (2006)
** Checchin, M. Diss. Illinois Institute of Technology, 2016.
Kubo, T. Superconductor Science and Technology 30.2 (2016)
*** Kubo, T et al. APL 104.3 (2014)

Slides WEXA05 [3.716 MB]

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THXA02

Fabrication and Testing of Balloon Single Spoke Resonator

Z.Y. Yao, R.E. Laxdal, B. Matheson, B.S. Waraich, V. Zvyagintsev
TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada

A balloon variant of the single spoke resonator (SSR) has been designed, fabricated and tested. The cavity is the SSR1 prototype for the RISP project in Korea. The cavity is specifically designed to reduce the likelhood of multipacting barriers near the operating point. The basic design, fabrication experience and first cold test results will be reported.

Slides THXA02 [9.851 MB]

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