IPAC2011 - List of Keywords (ECR)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPC116	Development of Nb and Alternative Material Thin Films Tailored for SRF Applications	SRF, cavity, ion, electron	349
	A-M. Valente-Feliciano, H.L. Phillips, C.E. Reece, J.K. Spradlin, B. Xiao, X. Zhao JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA H. Baumgart, D. Gu ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA D. Beringer, R.A. Lukaszew The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, USA K.I. Seo NSU, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S.DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. Over the years, Nb/Cu technology, despite its shortcomings due to the commonly used magnetron sputtering, has positioned itself as an alternative route for the future of superconducting structures used in accelerators. Recently, significant progress has been made in the development of energetic vacuum deposition techniques, showing promise for the production of thin films tailored for SRF applications. JLab is pursuing energetic condensation deposition via techniques such as Electron Cyclotron Resonance and High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering. As part of this project, the influence of the deposition energy on the material and RF properties of the Nb thin film is investigated with the characterization of their surface, structure, superconducting properties and RF response. It has been shown that the film RRR can be tuned from single digits to values greater than 400. This paper presents results on surface impedance measurements correlated with surface and material characterization for Nb films produced on various substrates, monocrystalline and polycrystalline as well as amorphous. A progress report on work on NbTiN and AlN based multilayer structures will also be presented.

TUPC105	Improvement of Beam Current Monitor with High Tc Current Sensor and SQUID at the RIBF	ion, cyclotron, linac, heavy-ion	1260
	T. Watanabe, N. Fukunishi, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase, Y. Sasaki RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
	A highly sensitive beam current (position) monitor with a high Tc (Critical Temperature) current sensor and a SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device), that is the HTc-SQUID monitor, has been developed for the RIBF (RI Beam Factory) in RIKEN. The purpose of our work is to measure the DC of high-energy heavy-ion beams nondestructively in such a way that the beams are diagnosed in real time and the beam current extracted from the cyclotron can be recorded without interrupting the beam user's experiments. Both the HTc magnetic shield and the HTc current sensor were dip-coated by thin layer of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (2223-phase, Tc=10⁶ K) on 99.9 % MgO ceramic substrates. Unlike other existing facilities, all these HTS fabrications are cooled by a low-vibration pulse-tube refrigerator. These technologies enable us to downsize the system. As a result, 1 uA Xe beam intensity (50 MeV/u) was successfully measured with a 10⁰ nA resolution. From last year, aiming at the higher resolution, improvement of the new HTc current sensor with two turn coils has been started. We will report the present status and the measurement results of the HTc-SQUID monitor.

TUPS090	Operation Status of SECRAL at IMP	ion, plasma, ion-source, solenoid	1750
	W. Lu, Y. Cao Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China Y.C. Feng, X.H. Guo, W. Lu, L.T. Sun, D. Xie, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	SECRAL (Superconducting ECR ion source with Advanced design in Lanzhou) is a fully superconducting ECR ion source built in 2005 with an innovative solenoid-inside-sextupole structure. Since then it has delivered many highly-charged ion beams for HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) at IMP (Institute of Modern Physics), such as Xe²⁷⁺，Kr¹⁹⁺，Bi³⁶⁺ and Ni¹⁹⁺, and its on-line operating time increases year by year. By January 2011, the operation time of SECRAL has totaled up to 5700 hours. The increasing demand for intensive highly-charged ion beams has lead to the continuous enhancement of the SECRAL. To meet the requirement for stable highly-charged metallic ion beams, double-frequency of 18 GHz + 24 GHz heating with an off-axis oven had been carried out in 2010. 60-80 euA of Bi³⁶⁺ were produced at microwave power of about 2 kW and had been delivered continuously to HIRFL for about 10 days without any breakdowns. A number of improvements were planned to further improve the long-term stability of metallic ion beams.

WEPC005	Concept for Controlled Transverse Emittance Transfer within a Linac Ion Beam	emittance, solenoid, linac, quadrupole	2007
	L. Groening GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
	Generally the two transverse emittances of a linac beam are quite similar in size (round beam). However, injection into subsequent rings often imposes stronger limits for the upper allowed value to one of these emittances. Provision of flat linac beams (different transverse emittances) thus can considerable increase the injection efficiency into rings. Round-to-flat transformation has been already demonstrated for electron beams. It was also proposed for angular momentum dominated beams from Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance sources. We introduce a concept to extend the transformation to ion beams that underwent charge state stripping without requiring their extraction from an ECR source. The concept is of special interest for beams from low-charge-state / high-particle-current sources. It can be also applied to stripping of H⁻ to proton beams.

WEPC011	Ion Optical Design of the Low Energy Ion Beam Facility at IUAC	ion, optics, quadrupole, target	2025
	A. Mandal, D. Kanjilal, S. Kumar, G. Rodrigues IUAC, New Delhi, India
	A Low Energy Ion Beam Facility (LEIBF) using fully permanent magnet ECR ion source (Nanogan) has been installed at Inter University Accelerator Centre (IUAC), New Delhi for fundamental research on Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Material Science. The accelerator consists of an ECR ion source, 400 kV accelerating column and an analyzing-cum switching magnet with three beam ports at 75, 90 and 10⁵ degrees. The complete ion optics from ECR ion source to the target has been simulated using TRANSPORT* and GICOSY** ion optics codes. The ions from the ECR source are typically extracted at 15 kV which are further accelerated by 400 kV accelerating column. The analyzing cum switching magnet has been designed to analyze different beams and to switch in a particular beam line. It is a H shaped dipole magnet having pole gap of 65 mm, maximum magnetic field of 1.5 T and radius of 529 mm for 90 degree bend. The entrance and exit edge angles for three beam lines have been optimized to obtain double focus in all beam lines. The beam is further transported to target locations using electrostatic quadrupole triplet. The details of ion optics will be presented in the paper. * K.L. Brown, D.C. Carey, Ch. Iselin and F. Rothacker: Transport, See yellow reports CERN 73-16 (1973) & CERN 80-04 (1980). ** H.Weick, GICOSY homepage, http://www-linux.gsi.de/~weick/gicosy/.

WEPS024	Beta Beams: An Accelerator-based Facility to Explore Neutrino Oscillation Physics	ion, target, linac, acceleration	2535
	E.H.M. Wildner, E. Benedetto, T. De Melo Mendonca, C. Hansen, T. Stora CERN, Geneva, Switzerland D. Berkovits Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel G. Burt, A.C. Dexter Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom A. Chancé, J. Payet CEA/DSM/IRFU, France M. Cinausero, G. De Angelis, F. Gramegna, T. Marchi, G.P. Prete INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy G. Collazuol Univ. degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy F. Debray, C. Trophime GHMFL, Grenoble, France T. Delbar, T. Keutgen, M. Loiselet, S. Mitrofanov UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium G. Di Rosa INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy M. Hass, T. Hirsch Weizmann Institute of Science, Physics, Rehovot, Israel I. Izotov, S. Razin, V. Skalyga, V. Zorin IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia L.V. Kravchuk RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, M. Marie-Jeanne, T. Thuillier LPSC, Grenoble, France M. Mezzetto INFN- Sez. di Padova, Padova, Italy A.V. Sidorov BINP SB RAS, Protvino, Moscow Region, Russia P. Sortais ISN, Grenoble, France A. Stahl RWTH, Aachen, Germany
	Funding: This contribution is a project funded by European Community under the European Commission Framework Programme 7 Design Study: EUROnu, Project Number 212372. The recent discovery of neutrino oscillations, has implications for the Standard Model of particle physics (SM). Knowing the contribution of neutrinos to the SM, needs precise measurements of the parameters governing the neutrino oscillations. The EUROν Design Study will review three facilities (the so-called Super-Beams, Beta Beams and Neutrino Factories) and perform a cost assessment that, coupled with the physics performance, will give means to the European research authorities to make a decision on future European neutrino oscillation facility. "Beta Beams" produce collimated pure electron (anti-)neutrino by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and having them decay in a storage ring. EUROν Beta Beams are based on CERN’s infrastructure and existing machines. Using existing machines is an advantage for the cost evaluation, however, this choice is also constraining the Beta Beams. Recent work to make the Beta Beam facility a solid option will be described: production of Beta Beam isotopes, the 60 GHz pulsed ECR source development, integration into the LHC-upgrades, ensure the high intensity ion beam stability, and optimizations to get high neutrino fluxes.

WEPS039	General Layout of the 17 MeV Injector for MYRRHA	cavity, rfq, linac, proton	2574
	H. Podlech, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Klein, D. Mäder, U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp, R. Tiede, C. Zhang IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany M. Amberg HIM, Mainz, Germany
	Funding: European Union FP7 MAX Contract Number 269565 The MYRRHA Project (Multi Purpose Hybrid Reactor for High Tech Applications) at Mol/belgium will be a user facility with emphasis on research with neutron generated by a spallation source. One main aspect is the demonstration of nuclear waste technology using an accelerator driven system. A superconducting linac delivers a 4 mA, 600 MeV proton beam. The first accelerating section is covered by the 17 MeV injector. It consists of a proton source, an RFQ, two room temperature CH cavities and 4 superconducting CH-cavities. The initial design has used an RF frequency of 352 MHz. Recently the frequency of the injector has been set to 176 MHz. The main reason is the possible use of a 4-rod-RFQ with reduced power dissipation and energy, respectively. The status of the overall injector layout including cavity design is presented.
	Poster WEPS039 [2.281 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPC116

Development of Nb and Alternative Material Thin Films Tailored for SRF Applications

SRF, cavity, ion, electron

349

A-M. Valente-Feliciano, H.L. Phillips, C.E. Reece, J.K. Spradlin, B. Xiao, X. Zhao
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
H. Baumgart, D. Gu
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
D. Beringer, R.A. Lukaszew
The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, USA
K.I. Seo
NSU, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S.DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
Over the years, Nb/Cu technology, despite its shortcomings due to the commonly used magnetron sputtering, has positioned itself as an alternative route for the future of superconducting structures used in accelerators. Recently, significant progress has been made in the development of energetic vacuum deposition techniques, showing promise for the production of thin films tailored for SRF applications. JLab is pursuing energetic condensation deposition via techniques such as Electron Cyclotron Resonance and High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering. As part of this project, the influence of the deposition energy on the material and RF properties of the Nb thin film is investigated with the characterization of their surface, structure, superconducting properties and RF response. It has been shown that the film RRR can be tuned from single digits to values greater than 400. This paper presents results on surface impedance measurements correlated with surface and material characterization for Nb films produced on various substrates, monocrystalline and polycrystalline as well as amorphous. A progress report on work on NbTiN and AlN based multilayer structures will also be presented.

TUPC105

Improvement of Beam Current Monitor with High Tc Current Sensor and SQUID at the RIBF

ion, cyclotron, linac, heavy-ion

1260

T. Watanabe, N. Fukunishi, O. Kamigaito, M. Kase, Y. Sasaki
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan

A highly sensitive beam current (position) monitor with a high Tc (Critical Temperature) current sensor and a SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device), that is the HTc-SQUID monitor, has been developed for the RIBF (RI Beam Factory) in RIKEN. The purpose of our work is to measure the DC of high-energy heavy-ion beams nondestructively in such a way that the beams are diagnosed in real time and the beam current extracted from the cyclotron can be recorded without interrupting the beam user's experiments. Both the HTc magnetic shield and the HTc current sensor were dip-coated by thin layer of Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O (2223-phase, Tc=10⁶ K) on 99.9 % MgO ceramic substrates. Unlike other existing facilities, all these HTS fabrications are cooled by a low-vibration pulse-tube refrigerator. These technologies enable us to downsize the system. As a result, 1 uA Xe beam intensity (50 MeV/u) was successfully measured with a 10⁰ nA resolution. From last year, aiming at the higher resolution, improvement of the new HTc current sensor with two turn coils has been started. We will report the present status and the measurement results of the HTc-SQUID monitor.

TUPS090

Operation Status of SECRAL at IMP

ion, plasma, ion-source, solenoid

1750

W. Lu, Y. Cao
Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
Y.C. Feng, X.H. Guo, W. Lu, L.T. Sun, D. Xie, X.Z. Zhang, H.W. Zhao
IMP, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

SECRAL (Superconducting ECR ion source with Advanced design in Lanzhou) is a fully superconducting ECR ion source built in 2005 with an innovative solenoid-inside-sextupole structure. Since then it has delivered many highly-charged ion beams for HIRFL (Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou) at IMP (Institute of Modern Physics), such as Xe²⁷⁺，Kr¹⁹⁺，Bi³⁶⁺ and Ni¹⁹⁺, and its on-line operating time increases year by year. By January 2011, the operation time of SECRAL has totaled up to 5700 hours. The increasing demand for intensive highly-charged ion beams has lead to the continuous enhancement of the SECRAL. To meet the requirement for stable highly-charged metallic ion beams, double-frequency of 18 GHz + 24 GHz heating with an off-axis oven had been carried out in 2010. 60-80 euA of Bi³⁶⁺ were produced at microwave power of about 2 kW and had been delivered continuously to HIRFL for about 10 days without any breakdowns. A number of improvements were planned to further improve the long-term stability of metallic ion beams.

WEPC005

Concept for Controlled Transverse Emittance Transfer within a Linac Ion Beam

emittance, solenoid, linac, quadrupole

2007

L. Groening
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany

Generally the two transverse emittances of a linac beam are quite similar in size (round beam). However, injection into subsequent rings often imposes stronger limits for the upper allowed value to one of these emittances. Provision of flat linac beams (different transverse emittances) thus can considerable increase the injection efficiency into rings. Round-to-flat transformation has been already demonstrated for electron beams. It was also proposed for angular momentum dominated beams from Electron-Cyclotron-Resonance sources. We introduce a concept to extend the transformation to ion beams that underwent charge state stripping without requiring their extraction from an ECR source. The concept is of special interest for beams from low-charge-state / high-particle-current sources. It can be also applied to stripping of H⁻ to proton beams.

WEPC011

Ion Optical Design of the Low Energy Ion Beam Facility at IUAC

ion, optics, quadrupole, target

2025

A. Mandal, D. Kanjilal, S. Kumar, G. Rodrigues
IUAC, New Delhi, India

A Low Energy Ion Beam Facility (LEIBF) using fully permanent magnet ECR ion source (Nanogan) has been installed at Inter University Accelerator Centre (IUAC), New Delhi for fundamental research on Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Material Science. The accelerator consists of an ECR ion source, 400 kV accelerating column and an analyzing-cum switching magnet with three beam ports at 75, 90 and 10⁵ degrees. The complete ion optics from ECR ion source to the target has been simulated using TRANSPORT* and GICOSY** ion optics codes. The ions from the ECR source are typically extracted at 15 kV which are further accelerated by 400 kV accelerating column. The analyzing cum switching magnet has been designed to analyze different beams and to switch in a particular beam line. It is a H shaped dipole magnet having pole gap of 65 mm, maximum magnetic field of 1.5 T and radius of 529 mm for 90 degree bend. The entrance and exit edge angles for three beam lines have been optimized to obtain double focus in all beam lines. The beam is further transported to target locations using electrostatic quadrupole triplet. The details of ion optics will be presented in the paper.
* K.L. Brown, D.C. Carey, Ch. Iselin and F. Rothacker: Transport, See yellow reports CERN 73-16 (1973) & CERN 80-04 (1980).
** H.Weick, GICOSY homepage, http://www-linux.gsi.de/~weick/gicosy/.

WEPS024

Beta Beams: An Accelerator-based Facility to Explore Neutrino Oscillation Physics

ion, target, linac, acceleration

2535

E.H.M. Wildner, E. Benedetto, T. De Melo Mendonca, C. Hansen, T. Stora
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
D. Berkovits
Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel
G. Burt, A.C. Dexter
Cockcroft Institute, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
A. Chancé, J. Payet
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
M. Cinausero, G. De Angelis, F. Gramegna, T. Marchi, G.P. Prete
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
G. Collazuol
Univ. degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
F. Debray, C. Trophime
GHMFL, Grenoble, France
T. Delbar, T. Keutgen, M. Loiselet, S. Mitrofanov
UCL, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
G. Di Rosa
INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
M. Hass, T. Hirsch
Weizmann Institute of Science, Physics, Rehovot, Israel
I. Izotov, S. Razin, V. Skalyga, V. Zorin
IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
L.V. Kravchuk
RAS/INR, Moscow, Russia
T. Lamy, L. Latrasse, M. Marie-Jeanne, T. Thuillier
LPSC, Grenoble, France
M. Mezzetto
INFN- Sez. di Padova, Padova, Italy
A.V. Sidorov
BINP SB RAS, Protvino, Moscow Region, Russia
P. Sortais
ISN, Grenoble, France
A. Stahl
RWTH, Aachen, Germany

Funding: This contribution is a project funded by European Community under the European Commission Framework Programme 7 Design Study: EUROnu, Project Number 212372.
The recent discovery of neutrino oscillations, has implications for the Standard Model of particle physics (SM). Knowing the contribution of neutrinos to the SM, needs precise measurements of the parameters governing the neutrino oscillations. The EUROν Design Study will review three facilities (the so-called Super-Beams, Beta Beams and Neutrino Factories) and perform a cost assessment that, coupled with the physics performance, will give means to the European research authorities to make a decision on future European neutrino oscillation facility. "Beta Beams" produce collimated pure electron (anti-)neutrino by accelerating beta active ions to high energies and having them decay in a storage ring. EUROν Beta Beams are based on CERN’s infrastructure and existing machines. Using existing machines is an advantage for the cost evaluation, however, this choice is also constraining the Beta Beams. Recent work to make the Beta Beam facility a solid option will be described: production of Beta Beam isotopes, the 60 GHz pulsed ECR source development, integration into the LHC-upgrades, ensure the high intensity ion beam stability, and optimizations to get high neutrino fluxes.

WEPS039

General Layout of the 17 MeV Injector for MYRRHA

cavity, rfq, linac, proton

2574

H. Podlech, M. Busch, F.D. Dziuba, H. Klein, D. Mäder, U. Ratzinger, A. Schempp, R. Tiede, C. Zhang
IAP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
M. Amberg
HIM, Mainz, Germany

Funding: European Union FP7 MAX Contract Number 269565
The MYRRHA Project (Multi Purpose Hybrid Reactor for High Tech Applications) at Mol/belgium will be a user facility with emphasis on research with neutron generated by a spallation source. One main aspect is the demonstration of nuclear waste technology using an accelerator driven system. A superconducting linac delivers a 4 mA, 600 MeV proton beam. The first accelerating section is covered by the 17 MeV injector. It consists of a proton source, an RFQ, two room temperature CH cavities and 4 superconducting CH-cavities. The initial design has used an RF frequency of 352 MHz. Recently the frequency of the injector has been set to 176 MHz. The main reason is the possible use of a 4-rod-RFQ with reduced power dissipation and energy, respectively. The status of the overall injector layout including cavity design is presented.

Poster WEPS039 [2.281 MB]