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Kewisch, J.

Paper Title Page
WEPMS090 High Average Current Low Emittance Beam Employing CW Normal Conducting Gun 2547
 
  • X. Chang, I. Ben-Zvi, J. Kewisch, C. Pai
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
 
  CW normal conducting guns usually do not achieve very high field gradient and waste much RF power at high field gradient compared to superconducting cavities. But they have less trapped modes and wakefields compared to the superconducting cavities due to their low Q. The external bucking coil can also be applied very close to the cathode to improve the beam quality. By using a low frequency gun with a recessed cathode and a carefully designed beam line we can get a high average current and a high quality beam with acceptable RF power loss on the cavity wall. This paper shows that the CW normal conducting gun can be a backup solution for those projects which need high peak and average current, low emittance electron beams such as the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) e-cooling project and Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) project.  
TUOCKI02 Summary of the RHIC Performance during the FY07 Heavy Ion Run 722
 
  • K. A. Drees, L. Ahrens, J. G. Alessi, M. Bai, D. S. Barton, J. Beebe-Wang, M. Blaskiewicz, J. M. Brennan, K. A. Brown, D. Bruno, J. J. Butler, R. Calaga, P. Cameron, R. Connolly, T. D'Ottavio, W. Fischer, W. Fu, G. Ganetis, J. W. Glenn, M. Harvey, T. Hayes, H.-C. Hseuh, H. Huang, J. Kewisch, R. C. Lee, V. Litvinenko, Y. Luo, W. W. MacKay, G. J. Marr, A. Marusic, R. J. Michnoff, C. Montag, J. Morris, B. Oerter, F. C. Pilat, V. Ptitsyn, T. Roser, J. Sandberg, T. Satogata, C. Schultheiss, F. Severino, K. Smith, S. Tepikian, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J. E. Tuozzolo, A. Zaltsman, S. Y. Zhang
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
 
  Funding: Work performed under Contract Number DE-AC02-98CH10886 under the auspices of the US Department of Energy.

After the last successful RHIC Au-Au run in 2004 (Run-4), RHIC experiments now require significantly enhanced luminosity to study very rare events in heavy ion collisions. RHIC has demonstrated its capability to operate routinely above its design average luminosity per store of 2x1026 cm-2 s-1. In Run-4 we already achieved 2.5 times the design luminosity in RHIC. This luminosity was achieved with only 40% of bunches filled, and with β* = 1 m. However, the goal is to reach 4 times the design luminosity, 8x1026 cm-2 s-1, by reducing the beta* value and increasing the number of bunches to the accelerator maximum of 111. In addition, the average time in store should be increased by a factor of 1.1 to about 60% of calendar time. We present an overview of the changes that increased the instantaneous luminosity and luminosity lifetime, raised the reliability, and improved the operational efficiency of RHIC Au-Au operations during Run-7.

 
slides icon Slides  
TUPMS076 Status of R&D Energy Recovery Linac at Brookhaven National Laboratory 1347
 
  • V. Litvinenko, J. Alduino, D. Beavis, I. Ben-Zvi, M. Blaskiewicz, J. M. Brennan, A. Burrill, R. Calaga, P. Cameron, X. Chang, K. A. Drees, G. Ganetis, D. M. Gassner, J. G. Grimes, H. Hahn, L. R. Hammons, A. Hershcovitch, H.-C. Hseuh, A. K. Jain, D. Kayran, J. Kewisch, R. F. Lambiase, D. L. Lederle, C. Longo, G. J. Mahler, G. T. McIntyre, W. Meng, T. C. Nehring, B. Oerter, C. Pai, D. Pate, D. Phillips, E. Pozdeyev, T. Rao, J. Reich, T. Roser, T. Russo, Z. Segalov, J. Smedley, K. Smith, J. E. Tuozzolo, G. Wang, D. Weiss, N. Williams, Q. Wu, K. Yip, A. Zaltsman
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • H. Bluem, M. D. Cole, A. J. Favale, D. Holmes, J. Rathke, T. Schultheiss, A. M.M. Todd
    AES, Princeton, New Jersey
  • B. W. Buckley
    CLASSE, Ithaca
  • G. Citver
    Stony Brook University, StonyBrook
  • J. R. Delayen, L. W. Funk, H. L. Phillips, J. P. Preble
    Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
 
  Funding: Work performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy and partially funded by the US Department of Defence.

In this paper we present status and plans for the 20-MeV R&D energy recovery linac, which is under construction at Collider Accelerator Department at BNL. The facility is based on high current (up to 0.5 A of average current) super-conducting 2.5 MeV RF gun, single-mode super-conducting 5-cell RF linac and about 20-m long return loop with very flexible lattice. The R&D ERL, which is planned for commissioning in 2008, aims to address many outstanding questions relevant for high current, high brightness energy-recovery linacs.

 
WEOCKI03 Status of the R&D Towards Electron Cooling of RHIC 1938
 
  • I. Ben-Zvi, J. Alduino, D. S. Barton, D. Beavis, M. Blaskiewicz, J. M. Brennan, A. Burrill, R. Calaga, P. Cameron, X. Chang, K. A. Drees, A. V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, G. Ganetis, D. M. Gassner, J. G. Grimes, H. Hahn, L. R. Hammons, A. Hershcovitch, H.-C. Hseuh, D. Kayran, J. Kewisch, R. F. Lambiase, D. L. Lederle, V. Litvinenko, C. Longo, W. W. MacKay, G. J. Mahler, G. T. McIntyre, W. Meng, B. Oerter, C. Pai, G. Parzen, D. Pate, D. Phillips, S. R. Plate, E. Pozdeyev, T. Rao, J. Reich, T. Roser, A. G. Ruggiero, T. Russo, C. Schultheiss, Z. Segalov, J. Smedley, K. Smith, T. Tallerico, S. Tepikian, R. Than, R. J. Todd, D. Trbojevic, J. E. Tuozzolo, P. Wanderer, G. Wang, D. Weiss, Q. Wu, K. Yip, A. Zaltsman
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • D. T. Abell, G. I. Bell, D. L. Bruhwiler, R. Busby, J. R. Cary, D. A. Dimitrov, P. Messmer, V. H. Ranjbar, D. S. Smithe, A. V. Sobol, P. Stoltz
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado
  • A. V. Aleksandrov, D. L. Douglas, Y. W. Kang
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
  • H. Bluem, M. D. Cole, A. J. Favale, D. Holmes, J. Rathke, T. Schultheiss, J. J. Sredniawski, A. M.M. Todd
    AES, Princeton, New Jersey
  • A. V. Burov, S. Nagaitsev, L. R. Prost
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • Y. S. Derbenev, P. Kneisel, J. Mammosser, H. L. Phillips, J. P. Preble, C. E. Reece, R. A. Rimmer, J. Saunders, M. Stirbet, H. Wang
    Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
  • V. V. Parkhomchuk, V. B. Reva
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
  • A. O. Sidorin, A. V. Smirnov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
 
  Funding: Work done under the auspices of the US DOE with support from the US DOD.

The physics interest in a luminosity upgrade of RHIC requires the development of a cooling-frontier facility. Detailed cooling calculations have been made to determine the efficacy of electron cooling of the stored RHIC beams. This has been followed by beam dynamics simulations to establish the feasibility of creating the necessary electron beam. Electron cooling of RHIC at collisions requires electron beam energy up to about 54 MeV at an average current of between 50 to 100 mA and a particularly bright electron beam. The accelerator chosen to generate this electron beam is a superconducting Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) with a superconducting RF gun with a laser-photocathode. An intensive experimental R&D program engages the various elements of the accelerator: Photocathodes of novel design, superconducting RF electron gun of a particularly high current and low emittance, a very high-current ERL cavity and a demonstration ERL using these components.

 
slides icon Slides  
THPMS087 Low Emittance Electron Beams for the RHIC Electron Cooler 3187
 
  • J. Kewisch, X. Chang
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
 
  Funding: Work performed under the United Staes Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1-886.

An electron cooler, based on an Energy Recovery Linac (ERL) is under development for the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. This will be the first electron cooler operating at high energy with bunched beams. In order to achieve sufficient cooling of the ion beams the electron have to have a charge of 5 nC and a normalized emittance less than 4 mm mrad. This paper presents the progress in optimizing the injector and the emittance improvements from shaping the charge distribution in the bunch.

 
THPMS088 Emittance Compensation for Magnetized Beams 3190
 
  • J. Kewisch, X. Chang
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
 
  Funding: Work performed under the United Staes Department of Energy Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH1-886.

Emittance compensation is a well established technique* for minimizing the emittance of electron beam from a RF photo-cathode gun. Longitudinal slices of a bunch have a small emittance, but due to the longitudinal charge distribution of the bunch and time dependent RF fields they are not focused in the same way, so that the direction of their phase ellipses diverges in phase space and the projected emittance is much larger. Emittance compensation reverses the divergence. At the location where the slopes of the phase ellipses coincides the beam is accelerated, so that the space charge forces are reduced. A recipe for emittance compensation is given in reference**. For magnetized beams (where the angular momentum is non-zero) such emittance compensation is not sufficient because variations in the slice radius lead to variations in the angular speed and therefore to an increase of emittance in the rotating frame. We describe a method and tools for a compensation that includes the beam magnetization.

* L. Serafini, J. B. Rosenzweig, Phys. Rev E 55, 7565, (1997)
** X. Y. Chang, I. Ben-Zvi, J. Kewisch, Phys. Rev ST AB 9, 044201, (2006)

 
THPAS096 Optics of a Two-Pass ERL as an Electron Source for a Non-Magnetized RHIC-II Electron Cooler 3708
 
  • D. Kayran, I. Ben-Zvi, R. Calaga, X. Chang, J. Kewisch, V. Litvinenko, E. Pozdeyev
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
 
  Funding: Work performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy contract No DE-AC02-98CH1-886 with support from the US Department of Defense.

Non-magnetized electron cooling of RHIC requires an electron beam energy of 54.3 MeV, electron charge per bunch of 5 nC, normalized rms beam emittance of 4 mm-mrad, and rms energy spread of 3·10-4 *. In this paper we describe a lattice of a two-pass SCRF energy recovery linac (ERL) and results of a PARMELA simulation that provides electron beam parameters satisfying RHIC electron cooling requirements.

* A. Fedotov, Electron Cooling Studies for RHIC II http://www.bnl.gov/cad/ecooling/docs/PDF/Electron_Cooling.pdf

 
FRPMS032 High-Order Modeling of an ERL for Electron Cooling in the RHIC Luminosity Upgrade using MaryLie/IMPACT 4000
 
  • V. H. Ranjbar, D. T. Abell, K. Paul
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado
  • I. Ben-Zvi, J. Kewisch
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • J. Qiang, R. D. Ryne
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U. S. DOE Office of Science, Office of Nuclear Physics under grant DE-FG02-03ER83796.

Plans for the RHIC luminosity upgrade call for an electron cooling system that will place substantial demands on the energy, current, brightness, and beam quality of the electron beam. In particular, the requirements demand a new level of fidelity in beam dynamics simulations. New developments in MaryLie/IMPACT have improved the space-charge computations for beams with large aspect ratios and the beam dynamic computations for rf cavities. We present the results of beam dynamics simulations that include the effects of space charge and nonlinearities, and aim to assess the tolerance for errors and nonlinearities on current designs for a super-conducting ERL.