FOAA  —  Accelerator Technology   (20-May-05   08:30—12:25)

Chair: J.P. Kelley, LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico

Paper Title Page
FOAA001 New Technology in Hydrogen Absorbers for Muon Cooling Channels 84
 
  • M.A.C. Cummings
    Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois
 
  Funding: National Science Foundation.

Ionization cooling is the only technique fast enough to cool and focus muons for neutrino factories and muon colliders, and hydrogen is the optimal material for maximum cooling and minimal multiple scattering. Liquid hydrogen absorber R & D for the Muon Colloboration has proceeded on parallel and complementary fronts. The continuing LH2 absorber engineering and technical developments by the MuCool group conducted by ICAR* institutions (NIU, IIT and UIUC), the University of Mississippi and Oxford University, in cooperation with Fermilab, will be summarized, including results from the first hydrogen absorber tests at the newly constructed FNAL Mucool Test Area (MTA). The program includes designs for the high-powered test of an absorber prototype (external heat exchange) at the MTA which are nearing completion to be installed by summer 2005, an alternative absorber design (internal heat exchange) being finalized for the approved cooling experiment (MICE) at Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, and a novel idea for gaseous hydrogen absorbers being developed at Fermilab for a high powered test at the MTA in 2006.

*Illinois Consortium for Accelerator Research.

 
FOAA002 Technological Improvements in the DARHT II Accelerator Cells 169
 
  • B.A. Prichard, R.J. Briggs
    SAIC, Los Alamos, New Mexico
  • J. Barraza, M. Kang, K. Nielsen
    LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico
  • F.M. Bieniosek, K. Chow, W.M. Fawley, E. Henestroza, L. R. Reginato, W. Waldron
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  • T.E. Genoni, T.P. Hughes
    ATK-MR, Albuquerque, New Mexico
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. National Nuclear Security Agency and the U.S. Department of Energy under contract W-7405-ENG-36.

DARHT employs two perpendicular electron Linear Induction Accelerators to produce intense, bremsstrahlung x-ray pulses for flash radiography. The second axis, DARHT II, features an 18 MeV, 2-kA, 2-microsecond accelerator. DARHT II accelerator cells have undergone a series of test and modeling efforts to fully understand their sub par performance. These R&D efforts have led to a better understanding of Linear Induction Accelerator physics for the unique DARHT II design. Specific improvements have been identified and tested. Improvements in the cell oil region, the cell vacuum region, and the PFNs have been implemented in the prototype units that have doubled the cell’s performance. A series of prototype acceptance test are underway on a number of prototype units to demonstrate that the required cell lifetime is met at the improved performance levels. Early acceptance tests indicate that the lifetime requirements are being exceeded. The shortcomings of the previous design are summarized. The improvements to the original design, their resultant improvement in performance, and various test results are included. The final acceptance test results will also be included.

 
FOAA003 HOM Effects in Vacuum System with Short Bunches 289
 
  • A. Novokhatski
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Funding: Work supported by Department of Energy contract DE–AC02–76SF00515.

High luminosity in electron-positron factories requires high beam currents of very short bunches. SLAC PEP-II and KEKB B-factories are progressively increasing currents and gaining more and more luminosity. Because of this the interaction of high currents and vacuum chamber elements becomes more important for the operation of the rings. High Order Modes (HOM) excited by short intense bunches propagate along the vacuum chamber, penetrating and dissipating inside vital vacuum elements like shielded bellows, vacuum valves and vacuum pumps. As a result these elements can heat up or have temperature oscillations. Often HOM heating has a resonance character. HOM heating of vacuum pumps can lead to vacuum pressure increases. High frequency modes excited by short bunches “check” the quality of the vacuum chamber by detecting small gaps, weak RF screens or weak feed-through. At these high currents even smooth tapers and smooth collimators become a source of HOM production. We will discuss the physical nature of these very interesting HOM effects.

 
FOAA005 Mechanical Vibration Measurements on TTF Cryomodules 434
 
  • A. Bosotti, C. Pagani, R. Paparella, P. Pierini, D. Sertore
    INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI)
  • R. De Monte, M. Ferianis
    ELETTRA, Basovizza, Trieste
  • R. Lange
    DESY, Hamburg
 
  Few of the TTF cryomodules have been equipped with Wire Position Monitors (WPM) for the on line monitoring of cold mass movements during cool-down, warm-up and operation. Each sensor can be used as a detector for mechanical vibrations of the cryostat. A Digital Receiver board is used to sample and analyze with high frequency resolution, the WPM picked up signals, looking to its amplitude modulation in the microphonic frequency range. Here we review and analyze the data and the vibration spectra taken during operation of the TTF cryomodules # 4 and #5.  
FOAA006 Digital Low-Level RF Controls for Future Superconducting Linear Colliders 515
 
  • S. Simrock
    DESY, Hamburg
 
  The requirements for RF Control Systems of Superconducting Linear Colliders are not only defined in terms of the quality of field control but also with respect to operability, availability, and maintainability of the RF System, and the interfaces to other subsystems. The field control of the vector-sum of many cavities driven by one klystron in pulsed mode at high gradients is a challenging task since severe Lorentz force detuning, microphonics and beam induced field errors must be suppressed by several orders of magnitude. This is accomplished by a combination of local and global feedback and feedforward control. Sensors monitor individual cavity probe signals, and forward and reflected wave as well as the beam properties including beam energy and phase while actuators control the incident wave of the klystron and individual cavity resonance frequencies. The operability of a large llrf system requires a high degree of automation while the high availability requires robust algorithms, redundancy, and extremely reliable hardware. The maintenance of the llrf demands sophisticated on-line diagnostics for the llrf subsystems to minimize downtime.  
FOAA007 Cryomodule Design Concepts and Operating Experience
 
  • C.H. Rode, J.P. Preble
    Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
 
  Funding: This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract #DE-ACO-584ER40150.

Design concepts and operating experience of SRF cryostats will be discussed.

 
FOAA008 Superconducting RF Development at Nuclear Science Centre 625
 
  • A. Roy
    NSC, New Delhi
 
  Funding: Nuclear Science Centre, New Delhi, India.

A Superconducting Linac is being installed as a booster for the 15 UD Pelletron accelerator at Nuclear Science Centre (NSC). The accelerating structure for this linac is a Nb QWR cavity, designed and fabricated as a joint collaboration between NSC and ANL, USA. Initial cavities required for the first linac module were fabricated at ANL. For fabrication of cavities required for future modules a Superconducting Resonator Fabrication Facility has been set up at NSC. Three quarter wave resonator (QWR) cavities have been fabricated using the in-house facility. This facility has been used for repairs on the resonators which sprung leaks. Fabrication of fifteen resonators for the second and third linac modules is under progress. Eight resonators along with a superconducting solenoid has been installed in the first linac cryostat and tested for energy gain with a pulsed beam of 90 MeV Si from the Pelletron. Acceleration of the ions to 96 MeV was measured downstream and beam transmission through the linac was measured to be ~ 100%.

 
FOAA009 SRF Performance of CEBAF After Thermal Cycle to Ambient Temperature 665
 
  • R.A. Rimmer, J. F. Benesch, J.P. Preble, C.E. Reece
    Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
 
  Funding: This manuscript has been authored by SURA, Inc. under Contract No. DE-AC05-84ER-40150 with the U.S. Department of Energy.

In September 2003, in the wake of Hurricane Isabel, JLab was without power for four days after a tree fell on the main power lines feeding the site. This was long enough to lose insulating vacuum in the cryomodules and cryogenic systems resulting in the whole accelerator warming up and the total loss of the liquid helium inventory. This thermal cycle stressed many of the cryomodule components causing several cavities to become inoperable due to helium to vacuum leaks. At the same time the thermal cycle released years of adsorbed gas from the cold surfaces. Over the next days and weeks this gas was pumped away, the insulating vacuum was restored and the machine was cooled back down and re-commissioned. In a testament to the robustness of SRF technology, only a small loss in energy capability was apparent, although individual cavities had quite different field-emission characteristics compared to before the event. In Summer 2004 a section of the machine was again cycled to room temperature during the long maintenance shutdown. We report on the overall SRF performance of the machine after these major disturbances and on efforts to characterize and optimize the new behavior for high-energy running.

 
FOAA010 Full Characterization at Low Temperature of Piezoelectric Actuators Used for SRF Cavities Active Tuning 728
 
  • M. Fouaidy, S. Blivet, F. Chatelet, N. Hammoudi, G.M. Martinet, A. Olivier, H. Saugnac
    IPN, Orsay
 
  Funding: EU, CNRS-IN2P3.

In the frame of the CARE project activities, supported by EU, IPN Orsay participate to the development of a fast cold tuning system for SRF cavities operating at a temperature T=2 K. The study is aimed at full characterization of piezoelectric actuators at low temperature. A new experimental facility was developed for testing various prototypes piezoelectric actuators and successfully operated for T in the range 1.8 K-300 K. Different parameters were investigated as function of T: piezoelectric actuator displacement vs. applied voltage V, capacitance vs. T, dielectric and thermal properties vs. T and finally heating DT due to dielectric losses vs. modulating voltage Vmod and frequency. We observed a decrease of the Full Range Displacement (FRD or DX) of the actuator from ~40μm @ 300K down to 1.8μm-3μm @ 1.8K, depending on both material and fabrication process of the piezostacks. Besides, both material and fabrication process have a strong influence on the shape of the characteristics DX vs. T dependence. Moreover, the variations of losses tangent with T show a maximum at T in the range 30 K-120 K. Finally a dedicated facility located at CERI (Orléans, France) for radiation hardness tests of actuators with fast neutrons at T=4.2 K was developed and the first beam tests results are summarized.