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Wu, J.

Paper Title Page
MPPP008 Equilibrium Beam Invariants of an Electron Storage Ring with Linear x-y Coupling 1111
 
  • J. Wu, A. Chao, B. Nash
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Funding: Work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

In accelerator systems, it is very common that the motion of the horizontal plane is coupled to that of the vertical plane. Such coupling will induce tune shifts and can cause instabilities. The damping and diffusion rates are also changed, which in turn will lead to a change in the equilibrium invariants. Following the perturbative approach which we developed for synchrobetatron coupling,* we study the x-y coupled case in this paper. Starting from the one turn map, we give explicit formulae for the tune shifts, damping and diffusion rates, and the equilibrium invariants. We focus on the cases where the system is near the integer or half integer, and sum or difference resonances where small coupling can cause a large change in the beam distribution.

*B. Nash, J. Wu, and A. Chao, work in progress.

 
MPPP009 Linac Coherent Light Source Longitudinal Feedback Model 1156
 
  • J. Wu, P. Emma, L. Hendrickson
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Funding: Work is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) will be the world's first x-ray free-electron laser (FEL). To ensure the vitality of FEL lasing, it is critical to preserve the high quality of the electron beam during acceleration and compression. The peak current and final energy are very sensitive to system jitter. To minimize this sensitivity, a longitudinal feedback system on the bunch length and energy is required, together with other diagnostics and feedback systems (e.g., on transverse phase space). In this paper, we describe a simulation framework, which includes a realistic jitter model for the LCLS accelerator system, the RF acceleration, structure wakefield, and second order optics. Simulation results show that to meet the tight requirements set by the FEL, such a longitudinal feedback system is mandatory.

 
MPPP049 Observations and Measurements of Anomalous Hollow Electron Beams in a Storage Ring 3082
 
  • Y.K. Wu, J. Li
    DU/FEL, Durham, North Carolina
  • J. Wu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Funding: This work is supported by the U.S. AFOSR MFEL grant F49620-001-0370 and by U.S. DOE grant DE-FG05-91ER40665 (YW and JL). This work is also supported by U.S. DOE contract DE-AC02-76SF00515 (JW).

This paper reports first observations and measurements of anomalous hollow electron beams in a storage ring. In a lattice with a negative chromaticity, hollow electron beams consisting of a solid core beam inside and a large ring beam outside have been created and studied in the Duke storage ring. We report the detailed measurements of the hollow beam phenomenon, including its distinct image pattern, spectrum signature, and its evolution with time. By capturing the post-instability bursting beam, the hollow beam is a unique model system for studying the transverse instabilities, in particular, the interplay of the wake field and the lattice nonlinearity. In addition, the hollow beam can be used as a powerful tool to study the linear and nonlinear particle dynamics in the storage ring.

 
TOAC005 Coherent Synchrotron Radiation as a Diagnostic Tool for the LCLS Longitudinal Feedback System 428
 
  • J. Wu, P. Emma, Z. Huang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Funding: Work is supported by the US Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) will be the world's first x-ray free-electron laser (FEL). To ensure the vitality of FEL lasing, a longitudinal feedback system is required together with other diagnostics. In this paper, we study the possibility of using Coherent Synchrotron Radiation (CSR) from the chicane as the diagnostic tool for bunch length feedback. Calculations show that CSR is a good candidate, even for the non-Gaussian, double-horn longitudinal charge distribution. We further check the feasibility for low and high charge options, and also the possibility for detecting the microbunching.

 
TPAT062 Uncorrelated Energy Spread and Longitudinal Emittance for a Photoinjector Beam 3570
 
  • Z. Huang, D. Dowell, P. Emma, C. Limborg-Deprey, G.V. Stupakov, J. Wu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Longitudinal phase space properties of a photoinjector beam are important in many areas of high-brightness beam applications such as bunch compression, transverse-to-longitudinal emittance exchange, and high-gain free-electron lasers. In this paper, we discuss both the rf and the space charge contributions to the uncorrelated energy spread of the beam generated from a laser-driven rf gun. We compare analytical expressions for the uncorrelated energy spread and the longitudinal emittance with numerical simulations and recent experimental results.  
TOAB004 An Optimized Low-Charge Configuration of the Linac Coherent Light Source 344
 
  • P. Emma, Z. Huang, C. Limborg-Deprey, J. Wu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • W.M. Fawley, M.S. Zolotorev
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  • S. Reiche
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California
 
  Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

The Linac Coherent Light Source (LCLS) is an x-ray free-electron laser (FEL) project based on the SLAC linac. The nominal parameter set is founded on a 1-nC bunch charge and normalized emittance of about 1 micron. The most challenging issues, such as emittance generation, wakefields, and coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR), are associated with the high bunch charge. In the LCLS in particular, with its strong linac wakefields, the bunch compression process produces sharp temporal horns at the head and tail of the bunch with degraded local emittance, effectively wasting much of the charge. The sharp horns intensify CSR in the bends and further drive a strong resistive-wall wakefield in the long FEL undulator. Although these issues are not insurmountable, they suggest a lower bunch charge may be more suitable. This study uses a 0.2-nC bunch charge and 0.85-micron emittance with only 30 A of peak current in the injector, producing the same FEL saturation length. The resulting performance is more stable, has negligible resistive-wall wakefield, greatly reduced CSR effects, and no transverse wakefield emittance dilution in the linac, with no change to the baseline engineering design.

 
RPPP038 Electron-Cloud Effects in Transport Lines of a Normal Conducting Linear Collider 2527
 
  • J. Wu, M.T.F. Pivi, T.O. Raubenheimer, A. Seryi
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Funding: Work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

In the transport lines of a normal conducting linear collider, the long positron bunch train can generate an electron cloud which can then amplify intra-train offsets. This is a transient effect which is similar to but different from the electron-cloud driven coupled bunch instabilities in a positron storage ring. In this paper, we study this phenomenon both analytically and via numerical simulation. Some criterion on the critical cloud density with respect to given collider parameters is discussed.

 
RPPT027 Considerations on Beam Quality Control in MIT X-Ray FEL 1961
 
  • D. Wang, W. Graves, D. Wang, T. Zwart
    MIT, Middleton, Massachusetts
  • P. Emma, J. Wu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • G. Huang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
 
  Funding: U.S. Department of Energy.

The next generation of x-ray FEL requires very high quality electron beams for producing unprecedented x-ray radiations. In proposed x-ray FEL facilities, especially those that use multi-stage high gain high harmonic (HGHG) principle to obtain coherence in both transverse and longitudinal dimensions, the arrival timing of electron bunches must be very precise to ensure the seed laser overlap the desired sections of the electron bunch. A scheme is proposed to achieve 10s fs level of arrival timing control level.

 
RPPT040 Weak FEL Gain Detection with a Modulated Laser-Based Beam Heater 2636
 
  • P. Emma, Z. Huang, J. Wu
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  For an x-ray free-electron laser (FEL) such as the LCLS, the FEL gain signal is accompanied by spontaneous radiation with a significant power level. Detecting the weak FEL gain among the large spontaneous background in the early stage of the exponential growth or for a low quality electron beam is important in commissioning the FEL. In this paper, we describe a simple "lock-in" method of weak FEL gain detection by slowly modulating the laser power of a designated beam heater that controls the local energy spread of the electron beam. We present numerical modeling that shows the effectiveness of this method and discuss its implementation in the LCLS.  
FPAP017 Luminosity Optimization With Offset, Crossing Angle, and Distortion 1541
 
  • J. Wu, T.O. Raubenheimer
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
 
  Funding: Work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

In a linear collider, sources of beam jitter due to kicker noise, quadrupole vibration and long-range transverse wakefields will lead to beam offsets and tilts at the Intersection Point (IP). In addition, sources of emittance dilution such as short-range transverse wakefields or dispersive errors will lead to internal beam distortions. When the IP disruption parameter is large, these beam imperfections will be amplified by a single bunch kink instability which will lead to luminosity loss. In this paper, we study the luminosity loss and then the optimization required to cancel the luminosity loss first analytically and then with simulation.

 
FPAP018 Luminosity Loss Due to Beam Distortion and the Beam-Beam Instability 1586
 
  • J. Wu, A. Chao, T.O. Raubenheimer, A. Seryi
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • C.K. Sramek
    Rice University, Houston, Texas
 
  Funding: Work is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

In a linear collider, sources of emittance dilution such as transverse wakefields or dispersive errors will couple the vertical phase space to the longitudinal position within the beam (the so-called ‘banana effect'). When the Intersection Point (IP) disruption parameter is large, these beam distortions will be amplified by a single bunch kink instability which will lead to luminosity loss. We study this phenomena both analytically using linear theory and via numerical simulation. In particular, we examine the dependence of the luminosity loss on the wavelength of the beam distortions and the disruption parameter. This analysis may prove useful when optimizing the vertical disruption parameter for luminosity operation with given beam distortions.