LINAC2014 - List of Keywords (neutron)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPP005	High Power Electron Accelerator Programme at BARC	linac, electron, experiment, acceleration	58
	K.C. Mittal, S. Acharya, R.I. Bakhtsingh, R. Barnwal, D. Bhattacharjee, S. Chandan, N. Chaudhary, R.B. Chavan, S.P. Dewangan, K.P. Dixit, S. Gade, L.M. Gantayet, S.R. Ghodke, S. Gond, D. Jayaprakash, M. Kumar, M.K. Kumar, H.K. Manjunatha, R.L. Mishra, J. Mondal, B. Nayak, S. Nayak, V.T. Nimje, S. Parashar, R. Patel, R.N. Rajan, P.C. Saroj, H.E. Sarukte, D.K. Sharma, V. Sharma, S.K. Srivasatava, N.T. Thakur, A.R. Tillu, R. Tiwari, H. Tyagi, A. Waghmare, V. Yadav BARC, Mumbai, India
	Bhabha Atomic Research Centre in India has taken up the indigenous design & development of high power electron accelerators for industrial, research and cargo-scanning applications. For this purpose, Electron Beam Centre (EBC) has been set up at Navi Mumbai, India. Pulsed RF Linacs, with on-axis coupled cavity configuration, include the 10 MeV Industrial RF linac, as well as 9 MeV linac and compact 6 MeV linac for cargo-scanning applications. Industrial DC accelerators include a 500 keV Cockroft-Walton machine and 3 MeV Dynamitron. Several radiation processing applications, such as material modification, food preservation, flue-gas treatment, etc. have been demonstrated using these accelerators. Cargo-scanning linacs have been successfully commissioned and are being characterized for the required x-ray output. A 30 MeV RF Linac, for research applications, such as shielding studies and n-ToF experiments, is being designed and developed. For ADS studies, a 100 MeV, 100 kW RF Linac system is proposed. This paper presents the details of the design of these accelerators, their development, current status and utilization for various applications.

MOPP038	Longitudinal Bunch Profile Monitoring at the ESS Linac	linac, simulation, proton, target	143
	I. Dolenc Kittelmann, B. Cheymol ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The European Spallation Source (ESS), which is currently under construction, will be a neutron source based on 5MW, 2GeV proton linac. This high intensity linac will among other beam instrumentation require longitudinal bunch profile monitors. These shall be used during the commissioning phase and start-up periods for beam dynamics optimization and beam loss reduction. The paper focuses on the preliminary studies concerning the longitudinal bunch profile monitoring at the ESS linac.

MOPP076	Construction of an Accelerator-based BNCT Facility at yhe Ibaraki Neutron Medical Research Center	target, linac, rfq, klystron	230
	M. Yoshioka, H. Kobayashi, T. Kurihara, S.-I. Kurokawa, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto KEK, Ibaraki, Japan T. Hashirano, T. Sugano MHI, Hiroshima, Japan F. Hiraga Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan H. Kumada, Su. Tanaka Tsukuba University, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan A. Matsumura, H. Sakurai Tsukuba University, Ibaraki, Japan N. Nagura, T. Ohba Nippon Advanced Technology Co. Ltd., Ibaraki-prefecture, Japan T.N. Nakamoto, T. Zagar Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia T. Nakamura JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan T. Ouchi ATOX, Ibaraki, Japan
	An accelerator-based BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) facility is being constructed at the Ibaraki Neutron Medical Research Center. It consists of a proton linac of 80kW beam power with 8 MeV energy and 10mA average current, a beryllium target, and a moderator system to provide an epi-thermal neutron flux enough for patient treatment. The technology choices for this present system were driven by the need to site the facility in a hospital and where low residual activity is essential. The maximum neutron energy produced from an 8 MeV-proton is 6 MeV, which is below the threshold energy of the main nuclear reactions which produce radioactive products. The down side of this technology choice is that it produces a high density heat load on the target so that cooling and hydrogen aniti-blistering amelioration prevent sever challenges requiring successful R&D progress. The latest design of the target and moderator system shows that a flux of 4×10⁹ epi-thermal neutrons / cm² / sec can be obtained. This is much higher than the flux from the existing nuclear reactor based BNCT facility at JAEA ( JRR-4).

MOPP088	MUNES a Compact Neutron Source for BNCT and Radioactive Wastes Characterization	rfq, target, proton, quadrupole	261
	A. Pisent, P. Colautti, E. Fagotti INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	At INFN LNL (Legnaro Italy) it has been built a high intensity Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) structure, able to produce a 5 MeV proton beam of 30 mA. Coupled with a Be target such a beam can generate a neutron flux of 10¹⁴ n/s, with a spectrum centered in the MeV region (that has been recently characterized in detail at LNL accelerators). This neutron flux can be moderated to generate a thermal or epithermal source for BNCT with very little contamination of energetic form energetic neutron and gamma. Since the approval of MUNES project (in 2012) the high technology issues related to a compact neutron source to be installed in an Hospital environment have been faced. In particular for the powering of the accelerating structure an innovative system, completely based on solid state amplifiers, has been developed and ordered to industry. An outline of MUNES design and the status of the project will be given in the paper.

MOPP109	Ion Beam Acceleration in Neutron Tube	target, electron, ion, space-charge	310
	V.I. Rashchikov MEPhI, Moscow, Russia A.S. Plastun ITEP, Moscow, Russia
	Deuteron beam acceleration in ion-optic system of gas-filled neutron tubes was investigated. PIC code SUMA "" used for computer simulation of ionization and knock on processes and there influence on deuteron beam parameters. When deuteron and ionized particles own space charge forces become the same order of magnitude as external one, virtual cathode may occurs. It is happened because of injected from ion source deuterons cannot overcome their own space charge potential wall and move in transverse direction. However, electrons, produced by ionization, are trapped within the deuteron beam space charge potential wall and decrease it significantly. Thus, space charge neutralization of deuteron beams by electrons, may considerably increase target current and, as a result, output neutron flow. Moreover, own longitudinal electric field rise near the target leads to reduction of accelerating electrode – target potential wall, which was made to prevent knock on emission from the target. As a result, additional knocked on electrons may appear in the region and should be taken into account. The data obtained were compared with experimental results. A.N. Didenko, V.I. Rashchikov, V.E. Fortov, Technical Physics, Vol. 56, No. 10,pp. 1535–1538, 2011

TUIOB04	DTL Construction Status of CSNS Project	DTL, vacuum, linac, ion	423
	H.C. Liu, S. Fu, J. Peng, S. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Linac of Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) project is under construction. The ion source is tested and good performance of beam current is obtained. The low level RF tuning is underway of the RFQ and assembling of DTL will start soon. Not only the construction of hardware, but some commissioning software packages have been developed and tested.
	Slides TUIOB04 [4.772 MB]

TUPP096	LUE-200 Linac. Status & Development	klystron, linac, electron, beam-loading	653
	A.P. Sumbaev, A.S. Kayukov, V. Kobets, V. Minashkin, V.G. Pyataev, V.A. Shvets JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia V. Shabratov JINR/VBLHEP, Moscow, Russia V.N. Shvetsov JINR/FLNP, Moscow Region, Russia
	The general scheme and current status of an electron linear accelerator with an S-band travelling wave (f = 2856 MHz) accelerating structure – a driver for a pulsed neutron source (IREN) at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research - are presented. The parameters of the accelerating system and the measured parameters of the electron beam – pulse-beam current, duration of the current pulse, repetition rate, electron-energy spectrum, and loading characteristics of the accelerating structure - are given. The beginning of the implementation of the project of the second stage of the IREN facility, which forms the basis for the development of the accelerator aimed at increasing its beam power, is reported. Technical solutions underlying the modernization of the accelerator’s electrophysical systems are discussed: accelerating system, RF power supplies,and modulators.

TUPP100	Operation Of The Versatile Accelerator Driving the Low Power ADS GUINEVERE at SCK•CEN	target, operation, ion, ion-source	659
	M.A. Baylac, A. Billebaud, P. Boge, D. Bondoux, J. Bouvier, S. Chabod, G. Dargaud, E. Froidefond, E. Labussière, R. Micoud, S. Rey LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France A. Kochetkov, J. Mertens, F. Van Gestel, C. Van Grieken, B. Van Houdt, G. Vittiglio SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium F.R. Lecolley, J.L. Lecouey, G. Lehaut, N. Marie-Nourry CNRS/IN2P3/LPC CAEN, Caen, France
	GUINEVERE provides a low power accelerator driven system (ADS) to investigate on-line reactivity monitoring and operational procedures of an ADS. It consists of a versatile neutron source, GENEPI-3C, driving the fast sub-critical core, VENUS-F, in SCK•CEN (Belgium). GENEPI-3C is an electrostatic accelerator generating 14 MeV neutrons by bombarding a 250 keV deuteron beam onto a tritium target located within the reactor core. This accelerator produces alternatively continuous beam (up to 1 mA DC), possibly chopped with fast and adjustable interruptions, or short and intense deuteron bunches (~25 mA peak, 1 μs). This paper presents the facility and assesses the 2 years of coupled operation of the accelerator to the reactor.
	Slides TUPP100 [0.969 MB]

WEIOB02	SARAF Phase-I Proton / Deuteron Linac Beam Operation Status	operation, target, rfq, proton	770
	A. Kreisel, A. Arenshtam, Y. Ben Aliz, D. Berkovits, Y. Buzaglo, O. Dudovich, Y. Eisen, I. Eliyahu, G. Feinberg, I. Fishman, I.G. Gertz, A. Grin, S. Halfon, Y.F. Haruvy, T. Hirsch, D. Hirschmann, Z. Horvitz, B. Kaizer, D. Kijel, J. Luner, I. Mor, J. Rodnizki, G. Shimel, A. Shor, I. Silverman, D. Vartsky, L. Weissman, E. Zemach Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel
	SARAF Phase-I linac is the first accelerator to demonstrate acceleration of variable energy 2 mA CW proton beam. Such intense beam is used in SARAF Phase-I to irradiate a liquid lithium jet target for nuclear astrophysics studies. Several improvements were necessary to allow beam operation with such high current. The improvements include a DC bias that was introduced on the cavity RF coupler to reduce coupler heating. A new slow chopper was commissioned to enable increase the current by increasing the duty cycle with fewer changes in the beam optics. A beam dump was developed to allow beam studies of a 2 mA CW proton beam. The beam dump is based on tungsten pins which distributes, by radiation, the high beam power over a large area which is then easily water cooled. While most of beam tuning is done using a low intensity pilot beam, some nondestructive methods were studied to monitor the high intensity beam. These include a current transformer and a residual gas monitor (RGM) to monitor beam transverse distribution. Additional valuable information about the beam current and energy is gained from measurements of the nuclear reaction products of the proton on lithium targets.
	Slides WEIOB02 [3.027 MB]

THIOA01	Cost Optimized Design of High Power Linacs	linac, cavity, emittance, acceleration	785
	M. Eshraqi ESS, Lund, Sweden
	The research accelerators are growing in energy and power which translates to an increase in their cost, and also size if the conventional acceleration techniques are used. On the other hand, handling megawatts of power requires a design that is robust, respects the known criteria in beam physics to avoid losses in the order of less than one part in million. Traditionally cost increases with power and quality of the accelerator and beam. In this paper, using the ESS linac as an example, this tradition is challenged and ways to reduce the cost while neither quality nor power is compromised are presented.
	Slides THIOA01 [8.363 MB]

THPP092	Development of Slow Neutron Accelerator for Rebunching Pulsed Neutrons	experiment, resonance, acceleration, impedance	1062
	S. Imajo Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan Y. Fuwa, Y. Iwashita, R. Kitahara Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan T. Ino KEK, Ibaraki, Japan M. Kitaguchi, H.M. Shimizu Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan K. Mishima ICEPP, Tokyo, Japan
	Low energy neutrons can be accelerated or decelerated by the technique of AFP-NMR with RF and gradient magnetic fields. The neutrons have magnetic moments, hence their potential energy are not cancelled before and after passage of magnetic fields and their kinetic energy change finally when their spins are flipped in the fields. Nowadays most measurements of the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) are carried out with ultra cold neutrons (UCN), whose kinetic energies are lower than about 300 neV, and with a small storage bottle to reduce the systematic errors. In such experiments highly dense UCNs are desired. The spallation neutron sources generate high-density neutrons, however, the pulsed neutrons with several velocities are diffused in guide tubes under long beam intervals. It is necessary to focus and rebunch UCN temporally upon the bottle by controlling their velocities in nEDM experiments at those facilities. We demonstrated such rebuncher and have been developed the advanced apparatus which makes it possible to handle broader energy range UCN. The design, measured characteristics, the experimental setup and the obtained results at J-PARC will be described.

THPP108	Status of New 2.5 MeV Test Facility at SNS	rfq, ion, ion-source, operation	1105
	A.V. Aleksandrov, M.S. Champion, M.T. Crofford, Y.W. Kang, A.A. Menshov, R.T. Roseberry, M.P. Stockli, A. Webster, R.F. Welton, A.P. Zhukov ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA K. Ewald Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA M.E. Middendorf, S.N. Murray, R.B. Saethre ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
	Funding: Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy A new 2.5Mev beam test facility is being built at SNS. It consists of a 65 keV H⁻ ion source, a 2.5MeV RFQ, a beam line with various beam diagnostics and a 6 kW beam dump. The facility is capable of producing one-ms-long pulses at 60Hz repetition rate with up to 50mA peak current. Commissioning with reduced average beam power is planned for fall 2014 to verify operation of all systems. The full power operation is scheduled to begin in 2015. Status of the facilty will be presented as well as discussion of the future R&D program.

FRIOB03	Prospects for Accelerator-Driven Thorium Systems	proton, cyclotron, target, experiment	1213
	J.-P. Revol iThEC, Geneva, Switzerland
	To meet the tremendous world energy needs, systematic R&D has to be pursued to replace fossil fuels. Nuclear energy, which produces no green house gases and no air pollution, should be a leading candidate. How nuclear energy, based on thorium rather than uranium, could be an acceptable solution is discussed. Thorium can be used both to produce energy or to destroy nuclear waste. The thorium conference, organized by iThEC at CERN in October 2013, has shown that thorium is seriously considered by developing countries as a key element of their energy strategy. However, developed countries do not seem to move in that direction, while global cooperation is highly desirable in this domain. As thorium is not fissile, an elegant option is to use a proton accelerator to drive an “Accelerator Driven System (ADS)”, as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia. Therefore, the accelerator community has an important challenge to meet: provide the required proton beam for ADS.
	Slides FRIOB03 [20.039 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPP005

High Power Electron Accelerator Programme at BARC

linac, electron, experiment, acceleration

58

K.C. Mittal, S. Acharya, R.I. Bakhtsingh, R. Barnwal, D. Bhattacharjee, S. Chandan, N. Chaudhary, R.B. Chavan, S.P. Dewangan, K.P. Dixit, S. Gade, L.M. Gantayet, S.R. Ghodke, S. Gond, D. Jayaprakash, M. Kumar, M.K. Kumar, H.K. Manjunatha, R.L. Mishra, J. Mondal, B. Nayak, S. Nayak, V.T. Nimje, S. Parashar, R. Patel, R.N. Rajan, P.C. Saroj, H.E. Sarukte, D.K. Sharma, V. Sharma, S.K. Srivasatava, N.T. Thakur, A.R. Tillu, R. Tiwari, H. Tyagi, A. Waghmare, V. Yadav
BARC, Mumbai, India

Bhabha Atomic Research Centre in India has taken up the indigenous design & development of high power electron accelerators for industrial, research and cargo-scanning applications. For this purpose, Electron Beam Centre (EBC) has been set up at Navi Mumbai, India. Pulsed RF Linacs, with on-axis coupled cavity configuration, include the 10 MeV Industrial RF linac, as well as 9 MeV linac and compact 6 MeV linac for cargo-scanning applications. Industrial DC accelerators include a 500 keV Cockroft-Walton machine and 3 MeV Dynamitron. Several radiation processing applications, such as material modification, food preservation, flue-gas treatment, etc. have been demonstrated using these accelerators. Cargo-scanning linacs have been successfully commissioned and are being characterized for the required x-ray output. A 30 MeV RF Linac, for research applications, such as shielding studies and n-ToF experiments, is being designed and developed. For ADS studies, a 100 MeV, 100 kW RF Linac system is proposed. This paper presents the details of the design of these accelerators, their development, current status and utilization for various applications.

MOPP038

Longitudinal Bunch Profile Monitoring at the ESS Linac

linac, simulation, proton, target

143

I. Dolenc Kittelmann, B. Cheymol
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The European Spallation Source (ESS), which is currently under construction, will be a neutron source based on 5MW, 2GeV proton linac. This high intensity linac will among other beam instrumentation require longitudinal bunch profile monitors. These shall be used during the commissioning phase and start-up periods for beam dynamics optimization and beam loss reduction. The paper focuses on the preliminary studies concerning the longitudinal bunch profile monitoring at the ESS linac.

MOPP076

Construction of an Accelerator-based BNCT Facility at yhe Ibaraki Neutron Medical Research Center

target, linac, rfq, klystron

230

M. Yoshioka, H. Kobayashi, T. Kurihara, S.-I. Kurokawa, H. Matsumoto, N. Matsumoto
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
T. Hashirano, T. Sugano
MHI, Hiroshima, Japan
F. Hiraga
Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
H. Kumada, Su. Tanaka
Tsukuba University, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan
A. Matsumura, H. Sakurai
Tsukuba University, Ibaraki, Japan
N. Nagura, T. Ohba
Nippon Advanced Technology Co. Ltd., Ibaraki-prefecture, Japan
T.N. Nakamoto, T. Zagar
Cosylab, Ljubljana, Slovenia
T. Nakamura
JAEA, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
T. Ouchi
ATOX, Ibaraki, Japan

An accelerator-based BNCT (Boron Neutron Capture Therapy) facility is being constructed at the Ibaraki Neutron Medical Research Center. It consists of a proton linac of 80kW beam power with 8 MeV energy and 10mA average current, a beryllium target, and a moderator system to provide an epi-thermal neutron flux enough for patient treatment. The technology choices for this present system were driven by the need to site the facility in a hospital and where low residual activity is essential. The maximum neutron energy produced from an 8 MeV-proton is 6 MeV, which is below the threshold energy of the main nuclear reactions which produce radioactive products. The down side of this technology choice is that it produces a high density heat load on the target so that cooling and hydrogen aniti-blistering amelioration prevent sever challenges requiring successful R&D progress. The latest design of the target and moderator system shows that a flux of 4×10⁹ epi-thermal neutrons / cm² / sec can be obtained. This is much higher than the flux from the existing nuclear reactor based BNCT facility at JAEA ( JRR-4).

MOPP088

MUNES a Compact Neutron Source for BNCT and Radioactive Wastes Characterization

rfq, target, proton, quadrupole

261

A. Pisent, P. Colautti, E. Fagotti
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

At INFN LNL (Legnaro Italy) it has been built a high intensity Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) structure, able to produce a 5 MeV proton beam of 30 mA. Coupled with a Be target such a beam can generate a neutron flux of 10¹⁴ n/s, with a spectrum centered in the MeV region (that has been recently characterized in detail at LNL accelerators). This neutron flux can be moderated to generate a thermal or epithermal source for BNCT with very little contamination of energetic form energetic neutron and gamma. Since the approval of MUNES project (in 2012) the high technology issues related to a compact neutron source to be installed in an Hospital environment have been faced. In particular for the powering of the accelerating structure an innovative system, completely based on solid state amplifiers, has been developed and ordered to industry. An outline of MUNES design and the status of the project will be given in the paper.

MOPP109

Ion Beam Acceleration in Neutron Tube

target, electron, ion, space-charge

310

V.I. Rashchikov
MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
A.S. Plastun
ITEP, Moscow, Russia

Deuteron beam acceleration in ion-optic system of gas-filled neutron tubes was investigated. PIC code SUMA "*" used for computer simulation of ionization and knock on processes and there influence on deuteron beam parameters. When deuteron and ionized particles own space charge forces become the same order of magnitude as external one, virtual cathode may occurs. It is happened because of injected from ion source deuterons cannot overcome their own space charge potential wall and move in transverse direction. However, electrons, produced by ionization, are trapped within the deuteron beam space charge potential wall and decrease it significantly. Thus, space charge neutralization of deuteron beams by electrons, may considerably increase target current and, as a result, output neutron flow. Moreover, own longitudinal electric field rise near the target leads to reduction of accelerating electrode – target potential wall, which was made to prevent knock on emission from the target. As a result, additional knocked on electrons may appear in the region and should be taken into account. The data obtained were compared with experimental results.
* A.N. Didenko, V.I. Rashchikov, V.E. Fortov, Technical Physics, Vol. 56, No. 10,pp. 1535–1538, 2011

TUIOB04

DTL Construction Status of CSNS Project

DTL, vacuum, linac, ion

423

H.C. Liu, S. Fu, J. Peng, S. Wang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Linac of Chinese Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) project is under construction. The ion source is tested and good performance of beam current is obtained. The low level RF tuning is underway of the RFQ and assembling of DTL will start soon. Not only the construction of hardware, but some commissioning software packages have been developed and tested.

Slides TUIOB04 [4.772 MB]

TUPP096

LUE-200 Linac. Status & Development

klystron, linac, electron, beam-loading

653

A.P. Sumbaev, A.S. Kayukov, V. Kobets, V. Minashkin, V.G. Pyataev, V.A. Shvets
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
V. Shabratov
JINR/VBLHEP, Moscow, Russia
V.N. Shvetsov
JINR/FLNP, Moscow Region, Russia

The general scheme and current status of an electron linear accelerator with an S-band travelling wave (f = 2856 MHz) accelerating structure – a driver for a pulsed neutron source (IREN) at the Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research - are presented. The parameters of the accelerating system and the measured parameters of the electron beam – pulse-beam current, duration of the current pulse, repetition rate, electron-energy spectrum, and loading characteristics of the accelerating structure - are given. The beginning of the implementation of the project of the second stage of the IREN facility, which forms the basis for the development of the accelerator aimed at increasing its beam power, is reported. Technical solutions underlying the modernization of the accelerator’s electrophysical systems are discussed: accelerating system, RF power supplies,and modulators.

TUPP100

Operation Of The Versatile Accelerator Driving the Low Power ADS GUINEVERE at SCK•CEN

target, operation, ion, ion-source

659

M.A. Baylac, A. Billebaud, P. Boge, D. Bondoux, J. Bouvier, S. Chabod, G. Dargaud, E. Froidefond, E. Labussière, R. Micoud, S. Rey
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
A. Kochetkov, J. Mertens, F. Van Gestel, C. Van Grieken, B. Van Houdt, G. Vittiglio
SCK•CEN, Mol, Belgium
F.R. Lecolley, J.L. Lecouey, G. Lehaut, N. Marie-Nourry
CNRS/IN2P3/LPC CAEN, Caen, France

GUINEVERE provides a low power accelerator driven system (ADS) to investigate on-line reactivity monitoring and operational procedures of an ADS. It consists of a versatile neutron source, GENEPI-3C, driving the fast sub-critical core, VENUS-F, in SCK•CEN (Belgium). GENEPI-3C is an electrostatic accelerator generating 14 MeV neutrons by bombarding a 250 keV deuteron beam onto a tritium target located within the reactor core. This accelerator produces alternatively continuous beam (up to 1 mA DC), possibly chopped with fast and adjustable interruptions, or short and intense deuteron bunches (~25 mA peak, 1 μs). This paper presents the facility and assesses the 2 years of coupled operation of the accelerator to the reactor.

Slides TUPP100 [0.969 MB]

WEIOB02

SARAF Phase-I Proton / Deuteron Linac Beam Operation Status

operation, target, rfq, proton

770

A. Kreisel, A. Arenshtam, Y. Ben Aliz, D. Berkovits, Y. Buzaglo, O. Dudovich, Y. Eisen, I. Eliyahu, G. Feinberg, I. Fishman, I.G. Gertz, A. Grin, S. Halfon, Y.F. Haruvy, T. Hirsch, D. Hirschmann, Z. Horvitz, B. Kaizer, D. Kijel, J. Luner, I. Mor, J. Rodnizki, G. Shimel, A. Shor, I. Silverman, D. Vartsky, L. Weissman, E. Zemach
Soreq NRC, Yavne, Israel

SARAF Phase-I linac is the first accelerator to demonstrate acceleration of variable energy 2 mA CW proton beam. Such intense beam is used in SARAF Phase-I to irradiate a liquid lithium jet target for nuclear astrophysics studies. Several improvements were necessary to allow beam operation with such high current. The improvements include a DC bias that was introduced on the cavity RF coupler to reduce coupler heating. A new slow chopper was commissioned to enable increase the current by increasing the duty cycle with fewer changes in the beam optics. A beam dump was developed to allow beam studies of a 2 mA CW proton beam. The beam dump is based on tungsten pins which distributes, by radiation, the high beam power over a large area which is then easily water cooled. While most of beam tuning is done using a low intensity pilot beam, some nondestructive methods were studied to monitor the high intensity beam. These include a current transformer and a residual gas monitor (RGM) to monitor beam transverse distribution. Additional valuable information about the beam current and energy is gained from measurements of the nuclear reaction products of the proton on lithium targets.

Slides WEIOB02 [3.027 MB]

THIOA01

Cost Optimized Design of High Power Linacs

linac, cavity, emittance, acceleration

785

M. Eshraqi
ESS, Lund, Sweden

The research accelerators are growing in energy and power which translates to an increase in their cost, and also size if the conventional acceleration techniques are used. On the other hand, handling megawatts of power requires a design that is robust, respects the known criteria in beam physics to avoid losses in the order of less than one part in million. Traditionally cost increases with power and quality of the accelerator and beam. In this paper, using the ESS linac as an example, this tradition is challenged and ways to reduce the cost while neither quality nor power is compromised are presented.

Slides THIOA01 [8.363 MB]

THPP092

Development of Slow Neutron Accelerator for Rebunching Pulsed Neutrons

experiment, resonance, acceleration, impedance

1062

S. Imajo
Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
Y. Fuwa, Y. Iwashita, R. Kitahara
Kyoto ICR, Uji, Kyoto, Japan
T. Ino
KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
M. Kitaguchi, H.M. Shimizu
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
K. Mishima
ICEPP, Tokyo, Japan

Low energy neutrons can be accelerated or decelerated by the technique of AFP-NMR with RF and gradient magnetic fields. The neutrons have magnetic moments, hence their potential energy are not cancelled before and after passage of magnetic fields and their kinetic energy change finally when their spins are flipped in the fields. Nowadays most measurements of the neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) are carried out with ultra cold neutrons (UCN), whose kinetic energies are lower than about 300 neV, and with a small storage bottle to reduce the systematic errors. In such experiments highly dense UCNs are desired. The spallation neutron sources generate high-density neutrons, however, the pulsed neutrons with several velocities are diffused in guide tubes under long beam intervals. It is necessary to focus and rebunch UCN temporally upon the bottle by controlling their velocities in nEDM experiments at those facilities. We demonstrated such rebuncher and have been developed the advanced apparatus which makes it possible to handle broader energy range UCN. The design, measured characteristics, the experimental setup and the obtained results at J-PARC will be described.

THPP108

Status of New 2.5 MeV Test Facility at SNS

rfq, ion, ion-source, operation

1105

A.V. Aleksandrov, M.S. Champion, M.T. Crofford, Y.W. Kang, A.A. Menshov, R.T. Roseberry, M.P. Stockli, A. Webster, R.F. Welton, A.P. Zhukov
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
K. Ewald
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
M.E. Middendorf, S.N. Murray, R.B. Saethre
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA

Funding: Oak Ridge National Laboratory is managed by UT-Battelle, LLC, under contract DE-AC05-00OR22725 for the U.S. Department of Energy
A new 2.5Mev beam test facility is being built at SNS. It consists of a 65 keV H⁻ ion source, a 2.5MeV RFQ, a beam line with various beam diagnostics and a 6 kW beam dump. The facility is capable of producing one-ms-long pulses at 60Hz repetition rate with up to 50mA peak current. Commissioning with reduced average beam power is planned for fall 2014 to verify operation of all systems. The full power operation is scheduled to begin in 2015. Status of the facilty will be presented as well as discussion of the future R&D program.

FRIOB03

Prospects for Accelerator-Driven Thorium Systems

proton, cyclotron, target, experiment

1213

J.-P. Revol
iThEC, Geneva, Switzerland

To meet the tremendous world energy needs, systematic R&D has to be pursued to replace fossil fuels. Nuclear energy, which produces no green house gases and no air pollution, should be a leading candidate. How nuclear energy, based on thorium rather than uranium, could be an acceptable solution is discussed. Thorium can be used both to produce energy or to destroy nuclear waste. The thorium conference, organized by iThEC at CERN in October 2013, has shown that thorium is seriously considered by developing countries as a key element of their energy strategy. However, developed countries do not seem to move in that direction, while global cooperation is highly desirable in this domain. As thorium is not fissile, an elegant option is to use a proton accelerator to drive an “Accelerator Driven System (ADS)”, as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia. Therefore, the accelerator community has an important challenge to meet: provide the required proton beam for ADS.

Slides FRIOB03 [20.039 MB]