LINAC2014 - List of Keywords (cyclotron)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPP128	Bridging the Gap Between Conventional RF Acceleration and Laser Driven Acceleration	electron, operation, experiment, acceleration	358
	M.V. Fazio, V.A. Dolgashev, S.G. Tantawi SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	For decades conventional RF accelerators have been built and operated with ever increasing capability through a few tens of gigahertz in frequency. More recent research takes advantage of the continuing development of high peak power short pulse lasers to drive accelerator structures at optical frequencies. This jump from RF to optical frequencies skips four orders of magnitude in wavelength. With recent experiments that demonstrate high gradients in metallic structures at millimeter wavelengths one is compelled to consider the viability of new approaches for acceleration in the millimeter-wave to terahertz regime. This paper will explore some of these possibilities.

MOPP130	A Linac-Based Approach to Modelling an Orbit Separated Cyclotron	cavity, linac, simulation, emittance	364
	D.C. Plostinar, G.H. Rees STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
	An orbit separated cyclotron (OSC) is a new type of accelerator intended as a proton driver for Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors (ADSRs). A ring has been designed based on the new concept that accelerates a proton beam from 500 MeV to 1 GeV in four turns using multi-cell superconducting cavities in each period. From a beam dynamics point of view, the ring can be considered as a “wrapped-up” linac at four times the ring circumference. In this paper we present beam dynamics modelling details when using 3D linac codes and cavity field maps. We conclude that the versatility of codes such as TraceWin, allows detailed machine modelling and improved design procedures that take into account various aspects including orbit distortion caused by transverse deflecting fields in the cavities.

THPP084	Cyclotron-Undulator Cooling of Electron Beams	undulator, electron, FEL, simulation	1041
	S.V. Kuzikov, I.V. Bandurkin, A.V. Savilov IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia A.V. Savilov NNGU, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
	XFELs require high-quality electron beams which can be produced in damping rings. For XFEL, based on Compton scattering of laser light, instead of the damping ring we consider a new compact device where electrons move in the undulator with axial DC magnetic field. In this undulator electrons move near resonant condition, rotating with cyclotron frequency and wiggling at similar bounce frequency. Such undulator allows compensation of the initial velocity spread by perturbations of the longitudinal velocities caused by transverse wiggling. Calculation show that ~1% velocity spread of 5 MeV electron beam (typical for photoinjectors) can be reduced to ~0.01% at distance as long as 20 undulator periods. In the advanced scheme, where the described undulators alternate with sections of the cyclotron radiation, energy spread as small as 0.001% is reachable. Calculations show that this principle works also for high energy beams (100 MeV and more), where RF undulator instead of DC-magnet undulator is preferable.
	Poster THPP084 [0.713 MB]

THPP116	Performance of New Injector RILAC2 for Riken Ri-Beam Factory	injection, ECRIS, operation, ion	1123
	N. Sakamoto, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, Y. Higurashi, O. Kamigaito, H. Okuno, K. Suda, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan R. Koyama SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan
	New injector called RILAC2 was designed and constructed to provide intense uranium beams with A/q≈7 with an energy of 0.67 MeV/u which are injected to the succeeding ring cyclotron, RIKEN Ring Cyclotron, called RRC. After the last LINAC conference where the commissioning of the RILAC2 was reported, some modifications and improvements with RILAC2 have been made aiming at stable operation. Recently, transmission efficiency and stability of the beams have been improved and the average beam current more than 20 pnA for uranium 345 MeV/u acceleration has been realized. In this paper the modifications and improvements of the RILAC2 together with the present performance are reported.

THPP118	Design of a New Superconducting Linac for the RIBF Upgrade	linac, acceleration, ion, emittance	1127
	K. Yamada, O. Kamigaito, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
	An upgrade plan for the RIKEN RI-Beam Factory[1] is under discussion, the objective being to significantly increase the uranium beam intensity. In the upgrade plan, the existing ring cyclotron called RRC[2] will be replaced by a new linac, mainly consisting of superconducting (SC) cavities. The new linac is designed to accelerate heavy ions with a mass-to-charge ratio of ~7, such as 238U³⁵⁺, up to an energy of 11 MeV/u in the cw mode. The present injector linac, RILAC2[3], will be used for the low-energy end, and a short room-temperature (RT) section will be added to RILAC2, which will boost the beam energy up to 1.4 MeV/u. The succeeding SC section consists of 14 cryomodules, each of which contains four quater-wavelength resonators (QWRs) with two gaps operated at 73 MHz. A RT quadrupole doublet is placed in each gap between the cryomodules. The modular configuration of the SC section was optimized based on the first-order approximation for the transverse and longitudinal motions. The designs of SC QWR were carried out using CST Microwave Studio 2013. Further study is under way on the SC QWR including the mechanical considerations, and we also start a design of cryostats. [1] Y. Yano, Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 261, 1009 (2007). [2] Y. Yano, Proc. 13th Int. Cyclo. Conf., 102 (1992). [3] K. Yamada et al., Proc. of IPAC'12, TUOBA02, 1071 (2012).

FRIOB03	Prospects for Accelerator-Driven Thorium Systems	neutron, proton, target, experiment	1213
	J.-P. Revol iThEC, Geneva, Switzerland
	To meet the tremendous world energy needs, systematic R&D has to be pursued to replace fossil fuels. Nuclear energy, which produces no green house gases and no air pollution, should be a leading candidate. How nuclear energy, based on thorium rather than uranium, could be an acceptable solution is discussed. Thorium can be used both to produce energy or to destroy nuclear waste. The thorium conference, organized by iThEC at CERN in October 2013, has shown that thorium is seriously considered by developing countries as a key element of their energy strategy. However, developed countries do not seem to move in that direction, while global cooperation is highly desirable in this domain. As thorium is not fissile, an elegant option is to use a proton accelerator to drive an “Accelerator Driven System (ADS)”, as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia. Therefore, the accelerator community has an important challenge to meet: provide the required proton beam for ADS.
	Slides FRIOB03 [20.039 MB]

Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPP128

Bridging the Gap Between Conventional RF Acceleration and Laser Driven Acceleration

electron, operation, experiment, acceleration

358

M.V. Fazio, V.A. Dolgashev, S.G. Tantawi
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

For decades conventional RF accelerators have been built and operated with ever increasing capability through a few tens of gigahertz in frequency. More recent research takes advantage of the continuing development of high peak power short pulse lasers to drive accelerator structures at optical frequencies. This jump from RF to optical frequencies skips four orders of magnitude in wavelength. With recent experiments that demonstrate high gradients in metallic structures at millimeter wavelengths one is compelled to consider the viability of new approaches for acceleration in the millimeter-wave to terahertz regime. This paper will explore some of these possibilities.

MOPP130

A Linac-Based Approach to Modelling an Orbit Separated Cyclotron

cavity, linac, simulation, emittance

364

D.C. Plostinar, G.H. Rees
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom

An orbit separated cyclotron (OSC) is a new type of accelerator intended as a proton driver for Accelerator Driven Subcritical Reactors (ADSRs). A ring has been designed based on the new concept that accelerates a proton beam from 500 MeV to 1 GeV in four turns using multi-cell superconducting cavities in each period. From a beam dynamics point of view, the ring can be considered as a “wrapped-up” linac at four times the ring circumference. In this paper we present beam dynamics modelling details when using 3D linac codes and cavity field maps. We conclude that the versatility of codes such as TraceWin, allows detailed machine modelling and improved design procedures that take into account various aspects including orbit distortion caused by transverse deflecting fields in the cavities.

THPP084

Cyclotron-Undulator Cooling of Electron Beams

undulator, electron, FEL, simulation

1041

S.V. Kuzikov, I.V. Bandurkin, A.V. Savilov
IAP/RAS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
A.V. Savilov
NNGU, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

XFELs require high-quality electron beams which can be produced in damping rings. For XFEL, based on Compton scattering of laser light, instead of the damping ring we consider a new compact device where electrons move in the undulator with axial DC magnetic field. In this undulator electrons move near resonant condition, rotating with cyclotron frequency and wiggling at similar bounce frequency. Such undulator allows compensation of the initial velocity spread by perturbations of the longitudinal velocities caused by transverse wiggling. Calculation show that ~1% velocity spread of 5 MeV electron beam (typical for photoinjectors) can be reduced to ~0.01% at distance as long as 20 undulator periods. In the advanced scheme, where the described undulators alternate with sections of the cyclotron radiation, energy spread as small as 0.001% is reachable. Calculations show that this principle works also for high energy beams (100 MeV and more), where RF undulator instead of DC-magnet undulator is preferable.

Poster THPP084 [0.713 MB]

THPP116

Performance of New Injector RILAC2 for Riken Ri-Beam Factory

injection, ECRIS, operation, ion

1123

N. Sakamoto, M. Fujimaki, N. Fukunishi, Y. Higurashi, O. Kamigaito, H. Okuno, K. Suda, T. Watanabe, Y. Watanabe, K. Yamada
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan
R. Koyama
SHI Accelerator Service Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

New injector called RILAC2 was designed and constructed to provide intense uranium beams with A/q≈7 with an energy of 0.67 MeV/u which are injected to the succeeding ring cyclotron, RIKEN Ring Cyclotron, called RRC. After the last LINAC conference where the commissioning of the RILAC2 was reported, some modifications and improvements with RILAC2 have been made aiming at stable operation. Recently, transmission efficiency and stability of the beams have been improved and the average beam current more than 20 pnA for uranium 345 MeV/u acceleration has been realized. In this paper the modifications and improvements of the RILAC2 together with the present performance are reported.

THPP118

Design of a New Superconducting Linac for the RIBF Upgrade

linac, acceleration, ion, emittance

1127

K. Yamada, O. Kamigaito, N. Sakamoto, K. Suda
RIKEN Nishina Center, Wako, Japan

An upgrade plan for the RIKEN RI-Beam Factory[1] is under discussion, the objective being to significantly increase the uranium beam intensity. In the upgrade plan, the existing ring cyclotron called RRC[2] will be replaced by a new linac, mainly consisting of superconducting (SC) cavities. The new linac is designed to accelerate heavy ions with a mass-to-charge ratio of ~7, such as 238U³⁵⁺, up to an energy of 11 MeV/u in the cw mode. The present injector linac, RILAC2[3], will be used for the low-energy end, and a short room-temperature (RT) section will be added to RILAC2, which will boost the beam energy up to 1.4 MeV/u. The succeeding SC section consists of 14 cryomodules, each of which contains four quater-wavelength resonators (QWRs) with two gaps operated at 73 MHz. A RT quadrupole doublet is placed in each gap between the cryomodules. The modular configuration of the SC section was optimized based on the first-order approximation for the transverse and longitudinal motions. The designs of SC QWR were carried out using CST Microwave Studio 2013. Further study is under way on the SC QWR including the mechanical considerations, and we also start a design of cryostats.
[1] Y. Yano, Nucl. Instr. Meth. B 261, 1009 (2007).
[2] Y. Yano, Proc. 13th Int. Cyclo. Conf., 102 (1992).
[3] K. Yamada et al., Proc. of IPAC'12, TUOBA02, 1071 (2012).

FRIOB03

Prospects for Accelerator-Driven Thorium Systems

neutron, proton, target, experiment

1213

J.-P. Revol
iThEC, Geneva, Switzerland

To meet the tremendous world energy needs, systematic R&D has to be pursued to replace fossil fuels. Nuclear energy, which produces no green house gases and no air pollution, should be a leading candidate. How nuclear energy, based on thorium rather than uranium, could be an acceptable solution is discussed. Thorium can be used both to produce energy or to destroy nuclear waste. The thorium conference, organized by iThEC at CERN in October 2013, has shown that thorium is seriously considered by developing countries as a key element of their energy strategy. However, developed countries do not seem to move in that direction, while global cooperation is highly desirable in this domain. As thorium is not fissile, an elegant option is to use a proton accelerator to drive an “Accelerator Driven System (ADS)”, as suggested by Nobel Prize laureate Carlo Rubbia. Therefore, the accelerator community has an important challenge to meet: provide the required proton beam for ADS.

Slides FRIOB03 [20.039 MB]