IPAC2021 - List of Authors (Fischer, W.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPAB009	Review of the Fixed Target Operation at RHIC in 2020	69
	C. Liu, P. Adams, E.N. Beebe, S. Binello, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, B.D. Coe, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, C.E. Giorgio, X. Gu, T. Hayes, K. Hock, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, T. Kanesue, D. Kayran, N.A. Kling, B. Lepore, Y. Luo, D. Maffei, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, C. Naylor, S. Nemesure, M. Okamura, I. Pinayev, S. Polizzo, D. Raparia, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, J. Sandberg, V. Schoefer, S. Seletskiy, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, P. Thieberger, M. Valette, A. Zaltsman, I. Zane, K. Zeno, W. Zhang BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. As part of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) physics program, RHIC operated in Fixed Target mode at various beam energies in 2020. The fixed target experiment, achieved by scraping the beam halo of the circulating beam on a gold ring inserted in the beam pipe upstream of the experimental detectors, extends the range of the center-of-mass energy for BES. The machine configuration, control of rates, and results of the fixed target experiment operation in 2020 will be presented in this report.
	Poster MOPAB009 [2.913 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB009
About •	paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021 issue date ※ 23 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPAB010	RHIC Beam Energy Scan Operation with Electron Cooling in 2020	72
	C. Liu, P. Adams, E.N. Beebe, S. Binello, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, B.D. Coe, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, C.E. Giorgio, X. Gu, T. Hayes, K. Hock, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, T. Kanesue, D. Kayran, N.A. Kling, B. Lepore, Y. Luo, D. Maffei, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, C. Naylor, S. Nemesure, M. Okamura, I. Pinayev, S. Polizzo, D. Raparia, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, J. Sandberg, V. Schoefer, S. Seletskiy, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, P. Thieberger, M. Valette, A. Zaltsman, I. Zane, K. Zeno, W. Zhang BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. RHIC provided Au-Au collisions at beam energies of 5.75 and 4.59 GeV/nucleon for the physics program in 2020 as a part of the Beam Energy Scan II experiment. The operational experience at these energies will be reported with emphasis on their unique features. These unique features include the addition of a third harmonic RF system to enable a large longitudinal acceptance at 5.75 GeV/nucleon, the application of additional lower frequency cavities for alleviating space charge effects, and the world-first operation of cooling with an RF-accelerated bunched electron beam.
	Poster MOPAB010 [3.523 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB010
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 29 July 2021 issue date ※ 10 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEXA02	Operational Electron Cooling in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider	2516
	A.V. Fedotov, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, D. Kayran, J. Kewisch, C. Liu, K. Mernick, M.G. Minty, V. Schoefer, H. Zhao BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Since the invention of the electron cooling technique its application to cool hadron beams in colliders was considered for numerous accelerator physics projects worldwide. However, achieving the required high-brightness electron beams of required quality and cooling of ion beams in collisions was deemed to be challenging. An electron cooling of ion beams employing a high-energy approach with RF-accelerated electron bunches was recently successfully implemented at BNL. It was used to cool ion beams in both collider rings with ion beams in collision. Electron cooling in RHIC became fully operational during the 2020 physics run and led to substantial improvements in luminosity. This presentation will discuss implementation, optimization and challenges of electron cooling for colliding ion beams in RHIC.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXA02
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 15 June 2021 issue date ※ 31 August 2021
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WEPAB004	Electron-Ion Luminosity Maximization in the EIC	2582
	W. Fischer, E.C. Aschenauer, M. Blaskiewicz, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, H. Huang, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, D. Raparia, V. Schoefer, K.S. Smith, P. Thieberger, F.J. Willeke BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Zhang JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The electron-ion luminosity in EIC has a number of limits, including the ion intensity available from the injectors, the total ion beam current, the electron bunch intensity, the total electron current, the synchrotron radiation power, the beam-beam effect, the achievable beta functions at the interaction points (IPs), the maximum angular spreads at the IP, the ion emittances reachable with stochastic or strong cooling, the ratio of horizontal to vertical emittance, and space charge effects. We map the e-A luminosity over the center-of-mass energy range for some ions ranging from deuterons to uranium ions. For e-Au collisions the present design provides for electron-nucleon (e-Au) peak luminosities of 1.7x1033 cm^-2s⁻¹ with stochastic cooling, and 4.7x1033 cm^-2s⁻¹ with strong hadron cooling.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB004
About •	paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB005	Design Status Update of the Electron-Ion Collider	2585
	C. Montag, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, A. Blednykh, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, D.M. Gassner, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, A. Hershcovitch, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, W.A. Jackson, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, M. Mapes, D. Marx, G.T. McIntyre, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, B. Podobedov, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, S. Seletskiy, V.V. Smaluk, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, S. Verdú-Andrés, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman, W. Zhang BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.V. Benson, J.M. Grames, F. Lin, T.J. Michalski, V.S. Morozov, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer, Y. Zhang JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA K.E. Deitrick, C.M. Gulliford, G.H. Hoffstaetter, J.E. Unger Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA T. Satogata ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA D. Xu FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
	Funding: Work supported by BSA, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704, by JSA, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, and by SLAC under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The design of the electron-ion collider EIC to be constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory has been continuously evolving towards a realistic and robust design that meets all the requirements set forth by the nuclear physics community in the White Paper. Over the past year activities have been focused on maturing the design, and on developing alternatives to mitigate risk. These include improvements of the interaction region design as well as modifications of the hadron ring vacuum system to accommodate the high average and peak beam currents. Beam dynamics studies have been performed to determine and optimize the dynamic aperture in the two collider rings and the beam-beam performance. We will present the EIC design with a focus on recent developments.
	Poster WEPAB005 [2.095 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB005
About •	paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPAB028	Beam-Beam Related Design Parameter Optimization for the Electron-Ion Collider	3808
	Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Hao, D. Xu FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA H. Huang ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The design luminosity goal for the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is 1e34 cm^-2s⁻¹. To achieve such a high luminosity, the EIC design adopts high bunch intensities, flat beams at the interaction point (IP) with a small vertical β^*-function, and a high collision frequency, together with crab cavities to compensate the geometrical luminosity loss due to the large crossing angle of 25mrad. In this article, we present our strategies and approaches to obtain the design luminosity by optimizing some key beam-beam related design parameters. Through our extensive strong-strong and weak-strong beam-beam simulations, we found that beam flatness, electron and proton beam size matching at the IP, electron and proton working points, and synchro-betatron resonances arising from the crossing angle collision play a crucial role in proton beam size growth and luminosity degradation. After optimizing those parameters, we found a set of beam-beam related design parameters to reach the design luminosity with an acceptable beam-beam performance.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB028
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021 issue date ※ 25 August 2021
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THPAB029	Dynamic Aperture Evaluation for the Hadron Storage Ring in the Electron-Ion Collider	3812
	Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Hao, D. Xu FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA H. Huang ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA V.S. Morozov, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is aiming at a design luminosity of 1e34 cm^-2s⁻¹. To maintain such a high luminosity, both beams in the EIC need an acceptable beam lifetime in the presence of the beam-beam interaction. For this purpose, we carried out weak-strong element-by-element particle tracking to evaluate the long-term dynamic aperture for the hadron ring lattice design. We improved our simulation code SimTrack to treat some new lattice design features, such as radially offset on-momentum orbits, coordinate transformations in the interaction region, etc. In this article, we will present the preliminary dynamic aperture calculation results with β^*- function scan, radial orbit shift, crossing angle collision, and magnetic field errors.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB029
About •	paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 01 September 2021 issue date ※ 28 August 2021
Export •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Review of the Fixed Target Operation at RHIC in 2020

69

C. Liu, P. Adams, E.N. Beebe, S. Binello, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, B.D. Coe, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, C.E. Giorgio, X. Gu, T. Hayes, K. Hock, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, T. Kanesue, D. Kayran, N.A. Kling, B. Lepore, Y. Luo, D. Maffei, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, C. Naylor, S. Nemesure, M. Okamura, I. Pinayev, S. Polizzo, D. Raparia, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, J. Sandberg, V. Schoefer, S. Seletskiy, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, P. Thieberger, M. Valette, A. Zaltsman, I. Zane, K. Zeno, W. Zhang
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
As part of the Beam Energy Scan (BES) physics program, RHIC operated in Fixed Target mode at various beam energies in 2020. The fixed target experiment, achieved by scraping the beam halo of the circulating beam on a gold ring inserted in the beam pipe upstream of the experimental detectors, extends the range of the center-of-mass energy for BES. The machine configuration, control of rates, and results of the fixed target experiment operation in 2020 will be presented in this report.

Poster MOPAB009 [2.913 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB009

About •

paper received ※ 16 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 17 August 2021 issue date ※ 23 August 2021

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPAB010

RHIC Beam Energy Scan Operation with Electron Cooling in 2020

72

C. Liu, P. Adams, E.N. Beebe, S. Binello, I. Blackler, M. Blaskiewicz, K.A. Brown, D. Bruno, B.D. Coe, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C.J. Gardner, C.E. Giorgio, X. Gu, T. Hayes, K. Hock, H. Huang, R.L. Hulsart, T. Kanesue, D. Kayran, N.A. Kling, B. Lepore, Y. Luo, D. Maffei, G.J. Marr, A. Marusic, K. Mernick, R.J. Michnoff, M.G. Minty, J. Morris, C. Naylor, S. Nemesure, M. Okamura, I. Pinayev, S. Polizzo, D. Raparia, G. Robert-Demolaize, T. Roser, J. Sandberg, V. Schoefer, S. Seletskiy, F. Severino, T.C. Shrey, P. Thieberger, M. Valette, A. Zaltsman, I. Zane, K. Zeno, W. Zhang
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
RHIC provided Au-Au collisions at beam energies of 5.75 and 4.59 GeV/nucleon for the physics program in 2020 as a part of the Beam Energy Scan II experiment. The operational experience at these energies will be reported with emphasis on their unique features. These unique features include the addition of a third harmonic RF system to enable a large longitudinal acceptance at 5.75 GeV/nucleon, the application of additional lower frequency cavities for alleviating space charge effects, and the world-first operation of cooling with an RF-accelerated bunched electron beam.

Poster MOPAB010 [3.523 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB010

About •

paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 29 July 2021 issue date ※ 10 August 2021

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEXA02

Operational Electron Cooling in the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

2516

A.V. Fedotov, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, D. Kayran, J. Kewisch, C. Liu, K. Mernick, M.G. Minty, V. Schoefer, H. Zhao
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Since the invention of the electron cooling technique its application to cool hadron beams in colliders was considered for numerous accelerator physics projects worldwide. However, achieving the required high-brightness electron beams of required quality and cooling of ion beams in collisions was deemed to be challenging. An electron cooling of ion beams employing a high-energy approach with RF-accelerated electron bunches was recently successfully implemented at BNL. It was used to cool ion beams in both collider rings with ion beams in collision. Electron cooling in RHIC became fully operational during the 2020 physics run and led to substantial improvements in luminosity. This presentation will discuss implementation, optimization and challenges of electron cooling for colliding ion beams in RHIC.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXA02

About •

paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 15 June 2021 issue date ※ 31 August 2021

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WEPAB004

Electron-Ion Luminosity Maximization in the EIC

2582

W. Fischer, E.C. Aschenauer, M. Blaskiewicz, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, H. Huang, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, D. Raparia, V. Schoefer, K.S. Smith, P. Thieberger, F.J. Willeke
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Zhang
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The electron-ion luminosity in EIC has a number of limits, including the ion intensity available from the injectors, the total ion beam current, the electron bunch intensity, the total electron current, the synchrotron radiation power, the beam-beam effect, the achievable beta functions at the interaction points (IPs), the maximum angular spreads at the IP, the ion emittances reachable with stochastic or strong cooling, the ratio of horizontal to vertical emittance, and space charge effects. We map the e-A luminosity over the center-of-mass energy range for some ions ranging from deuterons to uranium ions. For e-Au collisions the present design provides for electron-nucleon (e-Au) peak luminosities of 1.7x1033 cm^-2s⁻¹ with stochastic cooling, and 4.7x1033 cm^-2s⁻¹ with strong hadron cooling.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB004

About •

paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 21 June 2021 issue date ※ 20 August 2021

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPAB005

Design Status Update of the Electron-Ion Collider

2585

C. Montag, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, A. Blednykh, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, D.M. Gassner, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, A. Hershcovitch, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, W.A. Jackson, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, M. Mapes, D. Marx, G.T. McIntyre, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, B. Podobedov, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, S. Seletskiy, V.V. Smaluk, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, D. Trbojevic, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, S. Verdú-Andrés, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman, W. Zhang
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.V. Benson, J.M. Grames, F. Lin, T.J. Michalski, V.S. Morozov, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer, Y. Zhang
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
K.E. Deitrick, C.M. Gulliford, G.H. Hoffstaetter, J.E. Unger
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
T. Satogata
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
D. Xu
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA

Funding: Work supported by BSA, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704, by JSA, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, and by SLAC under Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The design of the electron-ion collider EIC to be constructed at Brookhaven National Laboratory has been continuously evolving towards a realistic and robust design that meets all the requirements set forth by the nuclear physics community in the White Paper. Over the past year activities have been focused on maturing the design, and on developing alternatives to mitigate risk. These include improvements of the interaction region design as well as modifications of the hadron ring vacuum system to accommodate the high average and peak beam currents. Beam dynamics studies have been performed to determine and optimize the dynamic aperture in the two collider rings and the beam-beam performance. We will present the EIC design with a focus on recent developments.

Poster WEPAB005 [2.095 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEPAB005

About •

paper received ※ 14 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 22 June 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021

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THPAB028

Beam-Beam Related Design Parameter Optimization for the Electron-Ion Collider

3808

Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Hao, D. Xu
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
H. Huang
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The design luminosity goal for the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is 1e34 cm^-2s⁻¹. To achieve such a high luminosity, the EIC design adopts high bunch intensities, flat beams at the interaction point (IP) with a small vertical β^*-function, and a high collision frequency, together with crab cavities to compensate the geometrical luminosity loss due to the large crossing angle of 25mrad. In this article, we present our strategies and approaches to obtain the design luminosity by optimizing some key beam-beam related design parameters. Through our extensive strong-strong and weak-strong beam-beam simulations, we found that beam flatness, electron and proton beam size matching at the IP, electron and proton working points, and synchro-betatron resonances arising from the crossing angle collision play a crucial role in proton beam size growth and luminosity degradation. After optimizing those parameters, we found a set of beam-beam related design parameters to reach the design luminosity with an acceptable beam-beam performance.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB028

About •

paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 28 July 2021 issue date ※ 25 August 2021

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPAB029

Dynamic Aperture Evaluation for the Hadron Storage Ring in the Electron-Ion Collider

3812

Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Hao, D. Xu
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
H. Huang
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
V.S. Morozov, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is aiming at a design luminosity of 1e34 cm^-2s⁻¹. To maintain such a high luminosity, both beams in the EIC need an acceptable beam lifetime in the presence of the beam-beam interaction. For this purpose, we carried out weak-strong element-by-element particle tracking to evaluate the long-term dynamic aperture for the hadron ring lattice design. We improved our simulation code SimTrack to treat some new lattice design features, such as radially offset on-momentum orbits, coordinate transformations in the interaction region, etc. In this article, we will present the preliminary dynamic aperture calculation results with β^*- function scan, radial orbit shift, crossing angle collision, and magnetic field errors.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-THPAB029

About •

paper received ※ 17 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 01 September 2021 issue date ※ 28 August 2021

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)