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Zimmermann, F.

 
Paper Title Page
MOPCH091 An Alternative Nonlinear Collimation System for the LHC 246
 
  • J. Resta-López, R.W. Assmann, S. Redaelli, J. Resta-López, G. Robert-Demolaize, D. Schulte, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
  • A. Faus-Golfe
    IFIC, Valencia
 
  The optics design of an alternative nonlinear collimation system for the LHC is presented. We discuss an optics scheme based on a single spoiler located in between a pair of skew sextupoles for betatron collimation. The nonlinear system allows opening up the collimator gaps and, thereby reduces the collimator impedance, which presently limits the LHC beam intensity. After placing secondary absorbers at optimum locations behind the spoiler, we analyze the beam losses and calculate the cleaning efficiency from tracking studies. The results are compared with those of the conventional linear collimation system.  
MOPLS014 Lifetime Limit from Nuclear Intra-bunch Scattering for High-energy Hadron Beams 565
 
  • F. Zimmermann, H.-H. Braun, F. Ruggiero
    CERN, Geneva
 
  We derive an approximate expression for the nuclear scattering rate inside a bunched hadron beam. Application to the LHC suggests that the loss rate due to nuclear scattering can be significant in high-energy proton or ion storage rings.  
MOPLS092 Efficient Collimation and Machine Protection for the Compact Linear Collider 768
 
  • R.W. Assmann, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  We present a new approach to machine protection and collimation in CLIC, separating these two functions: If emergency dumps in the linac protect the downstream beam line against drive-beam failures, the energy collimation only needs to clean the beam tails and can be compact. Overall, the length of the beam delivery system is significantly reduced.  
MOPLS094 Luminosity Tuning at the Interaction Point 774
 
  • P. Eliasson, M. Korostelev, D. Schulte, R. Tomas, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  Minimisation of the emittance in a linear collider is not enough to achieve optimal performance. For optimisation of the luminosity, tuning of collision parameters such as angle, offset, waist, etc. is needed, and a fast and reliable tuning signal is required. In this paper tuning knobs are presented, and their optimisation using beamstrahlung as a tuning signal is studied.  
MOPLS100 CLIC Final Focus Studies 792
 
  • R. Tomas, H.-H. Braun, D. Schulte, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  The design of the CLIC final focus system is based on the local compensation scheme proposed by P. Raimondi and A. Seryi. However, there exist important chromatic aberrations that deteriorate the performance of the system. This paper studies the optimization of the final focus based on the computation of the high orders of these aberrations using MAD-X and PTC. The use of octupole doublets to reduce the size of the halo in the locations with aperture limitations is also discussed.  
MOPLS134 Minimizing Emittance for the CLIC Damping Ring 870
 
  • H.-H. Braun, M. Korostelev, D. Schulte, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
  • E.B. Levitchev, P.A. Piminov, S.V. Sinyatkin, P. Vobly, K. Zolotarev
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
 
  The CLIC damping rings aim at unprecedented small normalized equilibrium emittances of 3.3 nm vertical and 550 nm horizontal, for a bunch charge of 2.6 109 particles and an energy of 2.4 GeV. In this parameter regime the dominant emittance growth mechanism is intra-beam scattering. Intense synchrotron radiation damping from wigglers is required to counteract its effect. Here the overall optimization of the wiggler parameters is described, taking into account state-of-the-art wiggler technologies, wiggler effects on dynamic aperture, and problems of wiggler radiation absorption. Two technical solutions, one based on superconducting magnet technology and the other on permanent magnets, are presented. Although dynamic aperture and tolerances of this ring design remain challenging, benefits are obtained from the strong damping. Only bunches for a single machine pulse need to be stored, making injection/extraction particularly simple and limiting the synchrotron-radiation power. With a 360 m circumference, the ring remains comparatively small.  
MOPLS135 Correction of Vertical Dispersion and Betatron Coupling for the CLIC Damping Ring 873
 
  • M. Korostelev, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  The sensitivity of the CLIC damping ring to various kinds of alignment errors have been studied. Without any correction, fairly small vertical misalignments of the quadrupoles and, in particular, the sextupoles, introduce unacceptable distortions of the closed orbit as well as intolerable spurious vertical dispersion and coupling due to the strong focusing optics of the damping ring. A sophisticated beam-based correction scheme has been developed to bring the design target emittances and the dynamic aperture back to the ideal value. The correction using dipolar correctors and several skew quadrupole correctors allows a minimization of the closed-orbit distortion, the cross-talk between vertical and horizontal closed orbits, the residual vertical dispersion and the betatron coupling.  
MOPLS136 Ion Effects in the Damping Rings of ILC and CLIC 876
 
  • F. Zimmermann, W. Bruns, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva
 
  We discuss ion trapping, rise time of the fast beam-ion instability, and ion-induced incoherent tune shift for various incarnations of the ILC damping rings and for CLIC, taking into account the different regions of each ring. Analytical calculations for ion trapping are compared with results from a new simulation code.  
WEXFI03 Non-linear Collimation in Linear and Circular Colliders 1892
 
  • A. Faus-Golfe
    IFIC, Valencia
  • J. Resta-López, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  We describe the concept on nonlinear collimation of beam halo in linear and circular colliders. In particular we present the application of such a concept in two different cases: the energy collimation system for CLIC at 3 TeV c.m. energy and a betatron collimation system for LHC at 14 TeV c.m. energy. For each case, the system properties, like chromatic bandwidth, collimator survival and cleaning efficiency, are evaluated and compared with those of the corresponding linear collimation system.  
slides icon Transparencies
WEPCH047 Procedures and Accuracy Estimates for Beta-beat Correction in the LHC 2023
 
  • R. Tomas, O.S. Brüning, S.D. Fartoukh, M. Giovannozzi, Y. Papaphilippou, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
  • R. Calaga, S. Peggs
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • F. Franchi
    GSI, Darmstadt
 
  The LHC aperture imposes a tight tolerance of 20% on the maximum acceptable beta-beat in the machine. An accurate knowledge of the transfer functions for the individually powered insertion quadrupoles and techniques to compensate beta-beat are key prerequisites for successful operation with high intensity beams. We perform realistic simulations to predict quadrupole errors in LHC and explore possible ways of correction to minimize beta-beat below the 20% level.  
WEPCH097 Beam Dynamics in Compton-ring Gamma Sources 2143
 
  • E.V. Bulyak, P. Gladkikh, V. Skomorokhov
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov
  • K. Moenig
    DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen
  • T. Omori, J. Urakawa
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  Electron storage rings with a laser cavity are promising intensive sources of polarized hard photons to generate polarized positron beams. The dynamics of electron bunches circulating in a storage ring and interacting with high-power laser pulses is studied both analytically and by simulation. Common features and difference in the bunch behavior interacting with an extremely high power laser pulse (polarized positron source for the ILC project) and a moderate pulse (source for CLIC) are shown. Also considerations on particular lattice designs for both rings are presented.  
WEPCH104 Observation of the Long-range Beam-beam Effect in RHIC and Plans for Compensation 2158
 
  • W. Fischer, R. Calaga
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • U. Dorda, J.-P. Koutchouk, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
  • A.C. Kabel
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • J. Qiang
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  • V.H. Ranjibar, T. Sen
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • J. Shi
    KU, Lawrence, Kansas
 
  At large distances the electromagnetic field of a wire is the same as the field produced by a bunch. Such a long-range beam-beam wire compensator was proposed for the LHC, and single beam tests with wire compensators were successfully done in the SPS. RHIC offers the possibility to test the compensation scheme with colliding beams. We report on measurements of beam loss measurements as a function of transverse separation in RHIC at injection, and comparisons with simulations. We present a design for a long-range wire compensator in RHIC.  
WEPCH137 FAKTOR2: A Code to Simulate the Collective Effects of Electrons and Ions 2242
 
  • W. Bruns, D. Schulte, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  A new code for computing the multiple effects of slowly moving charges is being developed. The basic method is electrostatic particle in cell. The underlying grid is rectangular and locally homogeneous. At regions of interest, e.g., where the beam is, or near material boundaries, the mesh is refined recursively. The motion of the macroparticles is integrated with an adapted timestep. Fast particles are treated with a smaller timestep, and particles in regions of fine grids are also treated with a fine timestep. The position of collision of particles with material boundaries is accurately resolved. Secondary particles are then created according to user-specified yield functions.  
WEPCH138 Simulations of Long-range Beam-beam Interaction and Wire Compensation with BBTRACK 2245
 
  • U. Dorda, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  We present weak-strong simulation results for the effect of long-range beam-beam collisions in LHC, SPS, RHIC and DAFNE, as well as for proposed wire compensation schemes or wire experiments, respectively. In particular, we discuss details of the simulation model, instability indicators, the effectiveness of compensation, the difference between nominal and PACMAN bunches for the LHC, beam experiments, and wire tolerances. The simulations are performed with the new code BBTRACK.  
WEPCH141 Accelerator Physics Code Web Repository 2254
 
  • F. Zimmermann, R. Basset, E. Benedetto, U. Dorda, M. Giovannozzi, Y. Papaphilippou, T. Pieloni, F. Ruggiero, G. Rumolo, F. Schmidt, E. Todesco
    CERN, Geneva
  • D.T. Abell
    Tech-X, Boulder, Colorado
  • R. Bartolini
    Diamond, Oxfordshire
  • O. Boine-Frankenheim, G. Franchetti, I. Hofmann
    GSI, Darmstadt
  • Y. Cai, M.T.F. Pivi
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • Y.H. Chin, K. Ohmi, K. Oide
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • S.M. Cousineau, V.V. Danilov, J.A. Holmes, A.P. Shishlo
    ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee
  • L. Farvacque
    ESRF, Grenoble
  • A. Friedman
    LLNL, Livermore, California
  • M.A. Furman, D.P. Grote, J. Qiang, G.L. Sabbi, P.A. Seidl, J.-L. Vay
    LBNL, Berkeley, California
  • D. Kaltchev
    TRIUMF, Vancouver
  • T.C. Katsouleas
    USC, Los Angeles, California
  • E.-S. Kim
    PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk
  • S. Machida
    CCLRC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
  • J. Payet
    CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette
  • T. Sen
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • J. Wei
    BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York
  • B. Zotter
    Honorary CERN Staff Member, Grand-Saconnex
 
  In the framework of the CARE HHH European Network, we have developed a web-based dynamic accelerator-physics code repository. We describe the design, structure and contents of this web repository, illustrate its usage, and discuss our future plans.  
WEPLS060 CLIC Polarized Positron Source Based on Laser Compton Scattering 2520
 
  • F. Zimmermann, H.-H. Braun, M. Korostelev, L. Rinolfi, D. Schulte
    CERN, Geneva
  • S. Araki, Y. Higashi, Y. Honda, Y. Kurihara, M. Kuriki, T. Okugi, T. Omori, T. Taniguchi, N. Terunuma, J. Urakawa
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • X. Artru, R. Chehab, M. Chevallier
    IN2P3 IPNL, Villeurbanne
  • E.V. Bulyak, P. Gladkikh
    NSC/KIPT, Kharkov
  • M.K. Fukuda, K. Hirano, M. Takano
    NIRS, Chiba-shi
  • J. Gao
    IHEP Beijing, Beijing
  • S. Guiducci, P. Raimondi
    INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma)
  • T. Hirose, K. Sakaue, M. Washio
    RISE, Tokyo
  • K. Moenig
    DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen
  • H.D. Sato
    HU/AdSM, Higashi-Hiroshima
  • V. Soskov
    LPI, Moscow
  • V.M. Strakhovenko
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
  • T. Takahashi
    Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima
  • A. Tsunemi
    SHI, Tokyo
  • V. Variola, Z.F. Zomer
    LAL, Orsay
 
  We describe the possible layout and parameters of a polarized positron source for CLIC, where the positrons are produced from polarized gamma rays created by Compton scattering of a 1.3-GeV electron beam off a YAG laser. This scheme is very energy effective using high finesse laser cavities in conjunction with an electron storage ring. We point out the differences with respect to a similar system proposed for the ILC.  
THPCH018 Resonance Trapping, Halo Formation and Incoherent Emittance Growth due to Electron Cloud 2820
 
  • E. Benedetto, E. Benedetto
    Politecnico di Torino, Torino
  • G. Franchetti
    GSI, Darmstadt
  • G. Rumolo, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  The pinched electron cloud introduces a tune shift along the bunch, which together with synchrotron motion, leads to a periodic crossing of resonances. The resonances are excited by the longitudinal distribution of the electron cloud around the storage ring. We benchmark the PIC code HEADTAIL against a simplified weak-strong tracking code based on an analytical field model, obtaining an excellent agreement. The simplified code is then used for exploring the long term evolution of the beam emittance, and for studying more realistic lattice models. Results are presented for the CERN SPS and the LHC.  
THPCH047 Maps for Electron Clouds: Application to LHC 2889
 
  • T. Demma, S. Petracca
    U. Sannio, Benevento
  • F. Ruggiero, G. Rumolo, F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  Electron Cloud studies performed so far were based on very heavy computer simulations taking into account photoelectron production, secondary electron emission, electron dynamics, and space charge effects providing a very detailed description of the electron cloud evolution. In a recent paper* it has been shown that, for the typical parameters of RHIC, the bunch-to-bunch evolution of the electron cloud density can be represented by a cubic map. Simulations based on this map formalism are orders of magnitude faster than those based on usual codes. In this communication we show that the map formalism is also reliable in the range of typical LHC parameters, and discuss the dependence of the polynomial map coefficients on the physical parameters affecting the electron cloud (SEY, chamber dimensions, bunch spacing, bunch charge, etc.).

*U. Iriso and S. Peggs. "Maps for Electron Clouds", Phys. Rev. ST-AB 8, 024403, 2005.

 
THPCH051 The Effect of the Solenoid Field in Quadrupole Magnets on the Electron Cloud Instability in the KEKB LER 2901
 
  • H. Fukuma, J.W. Flanagan, T. Kawamoto, T. Morimoto, K. Oide, M. Tobiyama
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  The electron cloud instability which causes vertical beam blowup in the KEKB LER is largely suppressed by applying a weak solenoid field to vacuum chambers in the drift region. However the blowup is still observed when the bunch spacing is reduced to 3.27 rf buckets or shorter. A question is where the remaining electron clouds are. To investigate the electron clouds in the quadrupole magnets, solenoids made of flat cables were developed and installed in 88 quadrupole magnets. The field strength of the solenoid is 17 Gauss. The effect of the solenoid field on the blowup is now under beam study. So far no clear effect of the solenoids on the luminosity and the sideband accompanied by the blowup is found. We report on the solenoid system, the results of the experiments and comparison of the experimental results with simulations.  
THPCH061 Tune Shift Induced by Nonlinear Resistive Wall Wake Field of Flat Collimator 2925
 
  • F. Zimmermann, G. Arduini, R.W. Assmann, H. Burkhardt, F. Caspers, M. Gasior, O.R. Jones, T. Kroyer, E. Métral, S. Redaelli, G. Robert-Demolaize, F. Roncarolo, G. Rumolo, R.J. Steinhagen, J. Wenninger
    CERN, Geneva
 
  We present formulae for the coherent and incoherent tune shifts due to the nonlinear resistive wall wake field for a single beam traveling between two parallel plates. In particular, we demonstrate that the nonlinear terms of the resistive wall wake field become important if the gap between the plates is comparable to the transverse rms beam size. We also compare the theoretically predicted tune shift as a function of gap size with measurements for an LHC prototype graphite collimator in the CERN SPS and with simulations.  
THPCH075 Simulation of the Electron Cloud for Various Configurations of a Damping Ring for the ILC 2958
 
  • M.T.F. Pivi, T.O. Raubenheimer, L. Wang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • K. Ohmi
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • R. Wanzenberg
    DESY, Hamburg
  • A. Wolski
    Liverpool University, Science Faculty, Liverpool
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  In the beam pipe of the Damping Ring (DR) of the International Linear Collider (ILC), an electron cloud may be first produced by photoelectrons and ionization of residual gasses and then increased by the secondary emission process. This paper reports about the work that has been done by the electron cloud assessment international task force group for the recommendation of the ILC Damping Rings baseline design, made in November 2005. We have carefully estimated the secondary electron yield (SEY) threshold for electron cloud build-up and estimated the related single- and coupled-bunch instabilities that can be caused by the presence of electron cloud as a function of beam current and surface properties, for a variety of optics designs. The result of these studies was an important consideration in the choice of a 6-km design for the ILC damping rings. On the basis of the theoretical and experimental work, the baseline configuration specifies a pair of damping rings for the positron beam to mitigate the effects of the electron cloud.  
MOPLS066 Direct Measurement of Geometric and Resistive Wakefields in Tapered Collimators for the International Linear Collider 697
 
  • N.K. Watson, D. Adey, M.C. Stockton
    Birmingham University, Birmingham
  • D.A.-K. Angal-Kalinin, C.D. Beard, J.L. Fernandez-Hernando, F. Jackson
    CCLRC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
  • R. Arnold, R.A. Erickson, C. Hast, T.W. Markiewicz, S. Molloy, M.C. Ross, S. Seletskiy, A. Seryi, Z. Szalata, P. Tenenbaum, M. Woodley, M. Woods
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • R.J. Barlow, A. Bungau, R.M. Jones, G.Yu. Kourevlev, A. Mercer
    UMAN, Manchester
  • D.A. Burton, J.D.A. Smith, A. Sopczak, R. Tucker
    Lancaster University, Lancaster
  • C. Densham, G. Ellwood, R.J.S. Greenhalgh, J. O'Dell
    CCLRC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
  • Y.K. Kolomensky
    UCB, Berkeley, California
  • M. Kärkkäinen, W.F.O. Müller, T. Weiland
    TEMF, Darmstadt
  • N. Shales
    Microwave Research Group, Lancaster University, Lancaster
  • M. Slater
    University of Cambridge, Cambridge
  • I. Zagorodnov
    DESY, Hamburg
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  Precise collimation of the beam halo is required in the ILC to prevent beam losses near the interaction region that could cause unacceptable backgrounds for the physics detector. The necessarily small apertures of the collimators lead to transverse wakefields that may result in beam deflections and increased emittance. A set of collimator wakefield measurements has previously been performed in the ASSET region of the SLAC LINAC. We report on the next phase of this programme, which is carried out at the recently commissioned End Station A test facility at SLAC. Measurements of resistive and geometric wakefields using tapered collimators are compared with model predictions from MAFIA and GdfidL and with analytic calculations.  
MOPLS067 Test Beam Studies at SLAC's End Station A, for the International Linear Collider 700
 
  • M. Woods, C. Adolphsen, R. Arnold, G.B. Bowden, G.R. Bower, R.A. Erickson, H. Fieguth, J.C. Frisch, C. Hast, R.H. Iverson, Z. Li, T.W. Markiewicz, D.J. McCormick, S. Molloy, J. Nelson, M.T.F. Pivi, M.C. Ross, S. Seletskiy, A. Seryi, S. Smith, Z. Szalata, P. Tenenbaum
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • D. Adey, M.C. Stockton, N.K. Watson
    Birmingham University, Birmingham
  • M. Albrecht, M.H. Hildreth
    Notre Dame University, Notre Dame, Iowa
  • W.W.M. Allison, V. Blackmore, P. Burrows, G.B. Christian, C.C. Clarke, G. Doucas, A.F. Hartin, B. Ottewell, C. Perry, C. Swinson, G.R. White
    OXFORDphysics, Oxford, Oxon
  • D.A.-K. Angal-Kalinin, C.D. Beard, J.L. Fernandez-Hernando, F. Jackson, A. Kalinin
    CCLRC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
  • R.J. Barlow, A. Bungau, G.Yu. Kourevlev, A. Mercer
    UMAN, Manchester
  • S.T. Boogert
    Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey
  • D.A. Burton, J.D.A. Smith, R. Tucker
    Lancaster University, Lancaster
  • W.E. Chickering, C.T. Hlaing, O.N. Khainovski, Y.K. Kolomensky, T. Orimoto
    UCB, Berkeley, California
  • C. Densham, R.J.S. Greenhalgh
    CCLRC/DL, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire
  • V. Duginov, S.A. Kostromin, N.A. Morozov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region
  • G. Ellwood, P.G. Huggard, J. O'Dell
    CCLRC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon
  • F. Gournaris, A. Lyapin, B. Maiheu, S. Malton, D.J. Miller, M.W. Wing
    UCL, London
  • M.B. Johnston
    University of Oxford, Clarendon Laboratory, Oxford
  • M.F. Kimmitt
    University of Essex, Physics Centre, Colchester
  • H.J. Schriber, M. Viti
    DESY Zeuthen, Zeuthen
  • N. Shales, A. Sopczak
    Microwave Research Group, Lancaster University, Lancaster
  • N. Sinev, E.T. Torrence
    University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
  • M. Slater, M.T. Thomson, D.R. Ward
    University of Cambridge, Cambridge
  • Y. Sugimoto
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • S. Walston
    LLNL, Livermore, California
  • T. Weiland
    TEMF, Darmstadt
  • M. Wendt
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • I. Zagorodnov
    DESY, Hamburg
  • F. Zimmermann
    CERN, Geneva
 
  The SLAC Linac can deliver to End Station A a high-energy test beam with similar beam parameters as for the International Linear Collider for bunch charge, bunch length and bunch energy spread. ESA beam tests run parasitically with PEP-II with single damped bunches at 10Hz, beam energy of 28.5 GeV and bunch charge of (1.5-2.0)·1010 electrons. A 5-day commissioning run was performed in January 2006, followed by a 2-week run in April. We describe the beamline configuration and beam setup for these runs, and give an overview of the tests being carried out. These tests include studies of collimator wakefields, prototype energy spectrometers, prototype beam position monitors for the ILC Linac, and characterization of beam-induced electro-magnetic interference along the ESA beamline.