cryogenics

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOXBCH01	Industrial Technology for Unprecendented Energy and Luminosity: the Large Hadron Collider	superconducting-magnet, dipole, luminosity, collider	6
	P. Lebrun CERN, Geneva
	With over 2.7 billion Swiss francs procurement contracts under execution in industry and the installation of major technical systems proceeding in its first 3.3 km sector, the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) construction is now in full swing at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. The LHC is not only the most challenging particle accelerator under construction, it is also the largest global project ever for a scientific instrument based on advanced technology. Starting from accelerator performance requirements, we recall how these can be met by an appropriate combination of technologies, such as high-field superconducting magnets, superfluid helium cryogenics, beam and insulation vacuum or power electronics, with particular emphasis on the developments required to meet demanding specifications, and the industrialization issues which had to be solved for achieving series production of precision components under tight quality assurance and within limited resources. This provides the opportunity for reviewing the production status of the different systems and the progress of the project.
	Video of talk
	Transparencies
MOPLT026	Equipment Manufacturing and Test Data Tracking for the LHC	dipole, site, feedback	596
	E. Manola-Poggioli, S.-A. Chalard, C. Delamare, T. Ladzinski, S. Mallon-Amerigo, P. Martel, S. Petit, T. Pettersson, O. Rademakers Di Rosa, B. Rousseau, A.S. Suwalska, D. Widegren CERN, Geneva
	The MTF system was developed at CERN to capture the design, manufacturing and test data of equipment built for LHC. Today, more than 80.000 descriptions of LHC equipment are managed using the MTF. The system handles both production data and non-conformance issues. The acquisition of the equipment data is both an organisational and a technical challenge. On the organisational side many different aspects of production and management have to be taken into account. The LHC equipment suppliers, wherever their production facilities are located, whatever their computer skills or rates of production are, need a user friendly environment to provide the data with a very limited effort on the shop floor. For expensive equipment such as the LHC dipoles a reliable and robust non-conformance methodology must be put in place, the MTF provides the required information technology support tools. The EDMS Service has developed methods, training processes and tools to cope with an extensive use of the system, a use that will grow during the next years until the LHC is installed. This paper presents the experience acquired and the solutions put in place.
TUPKF010	Cryogenic Considerations for CW Operation of TESLA-type Superconducting Cavity Modules for the BESSY FEL	linac, simulation, extraction, radio-frequency	976
	J. Knobloch, W. Anders, X. Yu BESSY GmbH, Berlin
	The proposed BESSY FEL uses a CW superconducting driver linac to provide acceleration up to 2.3 GeV. Its design is based on well-established TESLA technology, originally intended for heat loads of order 1 W/m at 2.0 K. CW operation increases this load to levels of order 15 W/m at 1.8 K for a total heat load of 3 kW at 2.3 GeV (given conservative assumptions for the attainable Q-factor). Presented here is an analysis of the cryogenic layout, including two-phase-flow simulations of the 1.8-K helium which help identify the changes needed for reliable CW operation. A modified ‘‘CW'' module and helium distribution scheme is proposed.
TUPKF068	JLAB Hurricane Recovery	linac, vacuum, site, superconductivity	1102
	A. Hutton, D. Arenius, F.J. Benesch, S. Chattopadhyay, E. Daly, V. Ganni, O. Garza, R. Kazimi, R. Lauze, L. Merminga, W. Merz, R. Nelson, W. Oren, M. Poelker, T. Powers, J.P. Preble, C. Reece, R.A. Rimmer, M. Spata, S. Suhring Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia
	Hurricane Isabel, originally a Category 5 storm, arrived at Jefferson Lab on September 18 with winds of only 75 mph creating little direct damage to the infrastructure. However, electric power was lost for four days allowing the superconducting cryomodules to warm up and causing a total loss of the liquid helium. The subsequent recovery of the cryomodules and the impact of the considerable amount of opportunistic preventive maintenance provides important lessons for all accelerators complexes, not only those with superconducting elements. The details of how the recovery process was structured and the resulting improvement in accelerator availability will be discussed in detail.
WEPKF064	Methods for Reducing Cable Losses in Fast-Cycling Dipoles for the SIS300 Ring	dipole, coupling, simulation	1750
	L. Tkachenko, I. Bogdanov, S. Kozub, A. Shcherbakov, I. Slabodchikov, V. Zubko IHEP Protvino, Protvino, Moscow Region G. Moritz GSI, Darmstadt V. Sytnikov RCSRDI, Moscow
	A new synchrotron facility is being designed for the acceleration of high intensity and high-energy ion and proton beams at GSI, Darmstadt. The main magnetic elements of the second stage (SIS300) are superconducting dipoles with 100 mm aperture, 6-T magnetic field amplitude, and 1 T/s field ramp rate. The main requirements for these magnets, in addition to high field quality, are minimal heat losses, both in the coil and in the iron yoke, at an acceptable temperature margin. An increase of the temperature margin can be achieved by increasing the volume of superconductor in the cable. However, increasing the number of strands in the cable results in a growth of the cable width. Since coupling losses in the cable are proportional to the fourth power of cable width, these losses rise dramatically. This presentation considers and analyses different ways of reducing these cable heat losses. The calculated results of heat losses for different geometries, based on various cable designs, as well as the parameters of optimal cable designs, based on computer simulations, are presented.
WEPLT011	Transport and Handling of LHC Components: a Permanent Challenge	shielding, site, simulation, collider	1840
	C. Bertone, I. Ruehl CERN, Geneva
	The LHC project, collider and experiments, is an assembly of thousands of elements, large or small, heavy or light, fragile. Every one of those has own transport requirements that constituting for us a real challenge to handle. The manoeuvres could be simple, but the complex environment and narrow underground spaces may lead to difficulties in integration, routing and execution. Examples of transport and handling of typical LHC elements will be detailed: the 17m long, 35t heavy but fragile cryomagnets from the surface to the final destination in the tunnel, the delicate cryogenic cold-boxes down to pits and detector components. This challenge did not only require a lot of imagination but also the close cooperation between all involved parties, in particular with colleagues from safety, cryogenics, civil engineering, integration and logistics.
WEPLT040	Layout Drawings of the LHC Collider	vacuum, collider, site, survey	1921
	A. Vergara-Fernández, S. Chemli, B. Maire, Y. Muttoni CERN, Geneva A. Kournossenko, R. Zalyalov IHEP Protvino, Protvino, Moscow Region
	The team in charge of the LHC integration largely uses 3D scenes combining functional positions of equipments and the 3D CAD model issued from the Cern Drawing Directory (CDD) repository. This is made possible through the Digital Mock-Up tool developed at CERN. Giving dimensions in 3D context is a challenge with the current 3D CAD tools used at CERN. Requirements from users groups have made clear a need for automatic production of 2D layout drawings. This paper presents the retained solution to create on-request dimensioned drawings, to publish them, while maintaining coherence and consistency with the 3D integration scenes. Reliability of the information, on-line availability of the latest layout changes on dimensions and positions of equipments, and the maintenance of the facility will also be described.