Cyclotrons2016 - Table of Session: TUP (Poster Session: Cyclotron Technology)

Paper	Title	Page
TUP01	Challenges of a Growing Installed Base and Pencil Beam Scanning Delivery in IBA Cyclone 230
	J. Brison, P. Cailliau, E. Forton, S. Thorson IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	IBAÂ’s Cyclone 230 is now installed and operated in more than 20 proton therapy centers worldwide and is delivering beam to treat patients with an uptime above 95%. The production and installation backlogs are still growing. The goal of this paper is to present and describe the latest developments delivered by IBA R&D and Operation teams to improve the robustness of the system over the years, from sourcing to assembly and testing, and to clinical operations. The first part of the paper will be dedicated to the technological R&D roadmap and to the new features implemented on the C230 which include, among others, the new Â“easy-removalÂ” electrostatic deflector, the yoke heating system, the new single cast yoke and the research work to increase the PIG ion source stability and lifetime. The second part of the paper will focus on the new challenges brought by Pencil Beam Scanning PBS in terms of requirements on the cyclotron stability and reproducibility and more specifically on the stability of the beam spot size and position after maintenance and during daily operations.
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TUP02	Cold Cathode Ion Source for IBA CYCLONE®230	164
	P. Cailliau, J.C. Amelia, J. Brison, E. Forton IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium M. Conjat, J. Mandrillon, P. Mandrillon AIMA, Nice, France
	At IBA, we use a P.I.G. floating cathode ion source for injection in the CYCLONE®230 cyclotron. The purpose of the project is to investigate how the pre-sent ion source could be replaced by a P.I.G. cold cathodes one with a longer lifetime. Experiments de-scribed in this article were done on a dedicated test setup to benchmark the different modes. A new chimney design has been developed to test cold cath-ode mode in CYCLONE®230 without any other me-chanical modifications.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP02
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TUP03	Extraction System Design for the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radioisotope Production	167
	W.J.G.M. Kleeven, E. Forton, E.K. Kral, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, S. Zaremba, J. van de Walle IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	At IBA, we have designed, constructed, tested and industrialized an innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET isotope production. The design has been optimized for costeffectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performances, with a particular emphasis on its application and market. Multiple target stations can be placed around the vacuum chamber. An innovative extraction method (patent applications pending) has been designed which allows to obtain the same extracted beam sizes and properties on the target window independent of the target number. This is achieved by proper design and shaping of the magnet poles. This magnetic design is discussed together with beam dynamics simulations and beam extraction tests on the first machine.
	Poster TUP03 [1.246 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP03
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TUP04	Magnet Design of the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radio-isotope Production	170
	S. Zaremba, S. De Neuter, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, J. van de Walle IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	An innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET radioisotope production has been designed, constructed, tested and industrialized at Ion Beam Applications (IBA) [1]. This cyclotron (patent application pending) produces 18MeV proton beam and is called the Cyclone® KIUBE. The design has been optimized for cost-effectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performance, which are key elements considering its application in the dedicated market. Compared to the previous 18 MeV protons and 9 MeV deuteron machine from IBA, Cyclone® 18/9, the gap between the poles has been reduced from 30 to 24 mm and the method of shimming to obtain isochronous magnetic field has been reviewed thoroughly. In early 2016, the prototype Cyclone® KIUBE was successfully commissioned at the IBA factory and the observed proton beam intensity outperformed Cyclone® 18/9.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP04
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TUP05	Installation and Commissioning of the First Cyclone®70p	173
	B. Nactergal, J.L. Delvaux, J.-M. Geets, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, T. Vanderlinden, R. Vigneron, S. Zaremba IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	In October 2013, IBA sold its first Cyclone®70p, ex-tracted 70 MeV proton machine to Zevacor Pharma, Indianapolis, IN, USA. This brand new machine combine the advantages of the design of the Cyclone®30 HC (1,5mA extracted beam) and the Cyclone®70 XP (multi-particle). Moreover, this high energy cyclotron has been optimized for H⁻ ions acceleration, activation reduction and long term beam production. The installation will be used for high power and long term irradiations of rubidium Rb targets to produce stron-tium 82Sr generator applied in the field of cardiac imaging. From cyclotron to beam lines and up to the target sta-tion, all subsystems have been reviewed to reach highest level of quality, reduce the activation (by the use of low activation material and reduction of beam losses) and finally optimized the maintenance. For that delivery, the machine will be equipped with 6 beam transport lines and 2 solid target station units. In June 2015, about 21 months after contract signature, the IBA Factory Acceptance Tests have been successfully performed in Belgium and the machine was shipped to Indianapolis, IN, USA to be installed in Customer factory cyclotron vault.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP05
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TUP06	Design of the Cyclone®70p	175
	S. Zaremba, M. Abs, J.L. Delvaux, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, J. van de Walle IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	The IBA CYCLONE®70p is a high intensity 70 MeV proton-only cyclotron dedicated to the production of radioisotopes for PET generators and SPECT. The nominal power of the extracted beam goes above 50kW (750μA@70MeV). The proton-only cyclotron was developed based on the previous experience of the multi-particle Cyclone® 70XP running in Nantes, France. Numerical tools have been extensively used to optimize the magnetic field, to avoid potentially harmful resonances during acceleration and improve the acceleration efficiency of the cyclotron. In addition, electromagnetic and mechanical calculations permitted to obtain a low dissipated power and electromechanically robust design of the RF system. The vacuum computations have permitted to optimize the beam transmission, the placement and type of cryopumps. This new development of CYCLONE®70p was the initial part of the successfully finished IBA project also presented during this conference [1].
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP06
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TUP07	Commissioning and Testing of the First IBA S2C2	178
	S. Henrotin, M. Abs, E. Forton, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen, J. van de Wallepresenter IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
	The first unit of the IBA superconducting synchrocyclotron (S2C2) has been installed in Nice, France, and is currently being commissioned. In this communication, we will present some issues encountered during the commissioning of our first synchrocyclotron for protontherapy. We will mainly focus on beam aspects, showing the influence of several machine parameters on beam properties like stability, energy and intensity.
	Poster TUP07 [1.403 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP07
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TUP08	The Use of Graphene as Stripper Foils in the Siemens Eclipse Cyclotron	181
	S. Korenev, R. Dishman, A. Martin Yebra Siemens Medical Solutions Molecular Imaging, Knoxville, TN, USA N.D. Meshcheryakov, I.B. Smirnov Siemens Healthcare, Moscow, Russia I. Pavlovsky ANI, Austin, USA
	This paper presents the results of an experimental study for the use of graphene foils as an extractor (stripper) foil in the 11-MeV Siemens Eclipse Cyclotron. The main advantage of graphene foils compared with carbon and graphite foils is its very high thermal conductivity. The graphene also has significant mechanical strength for atomically thin carbon layers. The life time of these foils is more than 1,8 times more in compare with specification. The graphene foils showed a significant increase in the transmission factor (the ratio of the beam current on the stripper foil to the current on the target), which was approximately 90%. The technology in fabricating these graphene foils is shown. The pros and cons of using the graphene material as a stripper foil in cyclotrons are analyzed.
	Poster TUP08 [1.510 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP08
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TUP09	Diagnostic Tool and Instrumentation for Handling 50 kW Beam Power	184
	P. Antonini, E. Boratto, A. Calore, D. Campo, J. Esposito, A. Lombardi, M. Maggiore, M. Poggi, L. Pranovi INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	The SPES facility is entered the commissioning phase and the 70 MeV cyclotron is delivering the proton beams at the maximum power permitted. The INFN team has developed additional beam instrumentation in order to stop the particles at different power allowing the tuning of the beamline and to check the particles losses during the transport. In particular, a beam dumper able to stop up to 55kW beam power has been constructed and tested as well as the beam loss monitor system by INFN team. Here we present the status of the beam instrumentations supplied by INFN and the results achieved during the test with the beam.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP09
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TUP10	A New Concept of High Current Power Supply for the Main Cyclotron Magnet at TRIUMF	186
	S. Carrozza, F. Burini, E. Ferrari, M.P. Pretellipresenter, G.T. Taddia OCEM, Valsamoggia, Italy M.C. Bastos, G. Hudson, Q. King, G. Le Godec CERN, Geneva, Switzerland I.V. Bylinskii, W. L. Louie, R.B. Nussbaumer TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada
	A sophisticated power supply was studied and de-signed to supply a high current to the main magnet of the TRIUMF cyclotron. The power supply will be operated with a current up to 20000 A in DC mode. It has been designed using a modular approach, with a 12-pulse input rectifier and two DC link which feeds sixteen DC/DC chopper modules in parallel connection. The conceived power supply integrates a sophisticated control and a precise current measurement chain devel-oped at CERN for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This paper presents the solution described in the de-sign report, the choice of the main purchased components which will lead to a final assembly and test before the end of 2016.
	Poster TUP10 [1.076 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP10
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TUP11	Developments of Ion Sources, LEBT and Injection Systems for Cyclotrons at RCNP	190
	T. Yorita, M. Fukuda, S. Hara, K. Hatanaka, K. Kamakura, H.W. Koay, T. Kume, S. Morinobu, T. Saito, R. Yamanoshita, Y. Yasuda RCNP, Osaka, Japan
	Developments of injection systems for cyclotrons at Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) Osaka University have been carried recently in order to improve the high intense ions in MeV region. The additional glazer lens on axial injection of AVF cyclotron has been installed to expand the beam accectance of cyclotron. Additional buncher for the heavy ion injection like Xe beam which requires high voltage in comparison with proton case also has been installed. Extension of baffle slits on injection line of Ring Cyclotron also has been done to extend the flexibility of injection orbit. Modification of low energy beam transport (LEBT) from ion sources to AVF injection axis including the development of fast emittance monitors also has been carried. Each component works well.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP11
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TUP12	High Accuracy Cyclotron Beam Energy Measurement using Cross-correlation Method	193
	A.M. Hendy, F.M. Alrumayanpresenter King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia H.A. Kassim, K. Kezzar KSU, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
	Funding: This project was supported by the NSTIP strategic technologies program in the kingdom. Award No. (14-MAT-1233-20) This work discusses a method to measure the protons energy from the CS 30 Cyclotron at KFSHRC. Using two Fast Current Transformers (FCT), particles' Time of Flight (ToF) can be accurately determined by using windowed cross-correlation method. Existing techniques use pulse width or edge delay measurement to get the ToF. The accuracy of these methods, however, is limited by sampling rate, signal level, noise, and distortion. By using Cross-Correlation and interpolation, on the other hand, a fractional delay measurement can be obtained, and the system works with low level signals, i.e. high S/N ratio. During experiments, time delay measured between the two signals was 9.4023 ns. By using relativistic equations cyclotron energy was calculated and found to be 25.99 MeV, bearing in mind that cyclotron energy (mentioned in the CS30 manual) is 26.5 MeV for protons. The difference between actual and calculated energy was <2%. Results will be further discussed and analyzed. S. Varnasseri et al., "Test Bench Experiments for Energy Measurement and Beam Loss of ESS-BILBAO", Proceedings of IBIC2013, Oxford, UK, 2013.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP12
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TUP13	Magnetic Field Measurement System of CS-30 Cyclotron	196
	F.M. Alrumayan, A. Algaith, A.M. Hendy, J.F. Schneider King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia SA. AL-Ghamdi, H.A. Kassim KSU, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
	Funding: This project was supported by the NSTIP strategic technologies program in the kingdom. – Award No. (14-MAT-1233-20). The magnetic field of the CS-30 Cyclotron at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC) has been measured using Hall probe-based mapping system. Although the CS-30 Cyclotron was under full operation for 3 decades, yet, it was crucial to evaluate the stability of beam orbits, particularly after stripping the cyclotron coils and its three sectors. The rational for stripping magnetic component was to replace the pole tip seal underneath the frame. The Hall probe was mounted on a high precision X – Y stage, which was driven by three stepping motors, two motors for X – axis and one motor for Y – axis. The 3MH5 digital Teslameter is a high performance magnetic field measuring instrument, based on the Hall Effect magnetic field – to – voltage transducer. It has digital data correction to provide 0.01% accuracy and it provides the possibility of automatic data acquisition via USB port of our computer. Results have shown an average field of 1.8 T. Further results will be presented and discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP13
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TUP14	The Assembly and Adjustment of the Second Stripping Probe System for CYCIAE-100	199
	Shizhong. An, L.C. Cao, X.L. Fu, Z.G. Li, G.S. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, Y. Wang, L.P. Wen, J.S. Xing, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A 100 MeV H⁻ compact cyclotron is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CYCIAE-100). The proton beams ranging from 75 MeV - 100 MeV with 200 μA beam intensity will be extracted in dual opposite direction by charge exchange stripping devices. The stripping probe system is the key part of extraction system for CYCIAE-100. The first stripping extraction system was installed in 2014 and it has satisfied all kinds of requirements for the proton beam extraction. The first 100 MeV proton beam was got on July 4, 2014 and the beam current was stably maintained at above 25 μA for about 9 hours on July 25, 2014. The first RIB with ISOL system driven by 100 MeV proton beam was generated in 2015. The second stripping system was installed in 2015 after the assembly and adjustment. The beam commissioning based on the second stripping system will be finished and the extracted proton beam parameters will be measured in detail in this year.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP14
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TUP15	Control System Dedicated for Beam Line of Proton Radiography on 100 MeV Cyclotron CYCIAE-100	202
	Y.W. Zhang, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, S.M. Wei, J.J. Yangpresenter, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	After the first beam on July 4 2014, CYCIAE-100's performance have been improved gradually and is ready for routine operation. There are 7 beam lines in total in the design stage, i.e. N1:ISOL, N2:isotope production, N3:beam dump, S1: single energy neutron, S2:white light neutron source, S3: radiobiological effect, S4:single event effect. The beam lines N2 and N3 were combined into one line during the construction. In the last two years, we propose to build to two new lines, one for principle verification of Proton Radiography, the other one for demonstration of proton therapy. Both of them are quite special. In this paper, a control system for the operation of the beam line of proton radiography, including the magnets, vacuum and water cooling, the beam intensity & profile diagnostics, and the imaging etc, will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP15
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TUP16	The High Quality Water Cooling System for a 100 MeV Cyclotron	205
	Z.G. Li, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, G.G. Liu, J.Y. Wei, L.C. Wu, J.J. Yangpresenter CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	A high quality water cooling system with total heat power dissipation of 500 kW has been built and successfully used for a 100 MeV high intensity Cyclotron. The main features of this system are high water quality with specific conductivity bellow 0.5 μS/cm, high cooling water temperature stability better than ±0.1°C for long time operation and much electric power-saving in comparing with classical design. For some special usages, such as high beam power target and vacuum helium compressor, they all are well treated and reasonably separated from the main cooling system. There are totally 108 distributed water branches together for different sub-equipments of the cyclotron. At each branch, there are one water flow switch for safe interlock, one flow meter for monitoring, one temperature sensor for remote diagnostics. The water cooling system is under automatic control with PLC, and its operation status and all parameters can be remotely monitored from the control room. All of the involved equipments can be switched on/off by one key, no on-duty staff is needed at normal conditions. This system has been put into commissioning for two years and proved successful and reliable.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP16
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TUP17	Preliminary Design of RF System for SC200 Superconducting Cyclotron	208
	G. Chen, Y.F. Bi, C. Chao, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, Y. Song, S.Y. Wang, M. Xu, Q. Yang, X. Zhang, J. Zheng, J. Zhou ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	The SC200 is a compact superconducting cyclotron, which is designed under the collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China)-JINR (Dubna, Russia), for proton therapy. The protons are accelerated to 200 Mev with maximum beam current of 500 nA. The very high mean magnetic field of 2.9T-3.5T (center-extraction) challenges the design of radio frequency (RF) system because of the restricted space. The orbital frequency of the protons is ~45 MHz according to the magnetic field and beam dynamics. The RF system is supposed to operate on 2rd harmonic of ~90 MHz. Two Dee cavities located at the valley of the magnet have been adopted. The preliminary design of RF system, which consists of active tuning, coupling and so on, is presented. The computation and simulation showed good results to ensure the Dee cavities operating at the 2rd harmonic and the proper variation of acceleration voltage versus radius.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP17
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TUP19	Neural Network Based Generalized Predictive Control for RFT-30 Cyclotron System	212
	Y.B. Kong, M.G. Hur, E.J. Lee, J.H. Park, S.D. Yang KAERI, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea Y.D. Park Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea
	Beamline tuning is time consuming and difficult work in accelerator system. In this work, we propose a neural generalized predictive control (NGPC) approach for the RFT-30 cyclotron beamline. The proposed approach performs system identification with the NN model and finds the control parameters for the beamline. Performance results show that the proposed approach helps to predict optimal parameters without real experiments with the accelerator.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP19
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TUP22	PLC Control System for Vacuum and 20 Kw RF Amplifier	215
	H.S. Kim, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, J.C. Lee, S.C. Mun, H. Namgoong SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP:Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning) (NRF-2015M2B2A8A10058096) Since 2014, the Sungkyunkwan University has been upgrade 10 MeV cyclotron (SKKUCY-10) prototype for producing radio isotopes. For stable and robust cyclotron operation, local controller is main issue. Especially, RF and Vacuum is main part for control system and each sub system fault result in damage to the other sub systems. To solve those problem, we integrate RF amplifier and vacu-um local controller by LS PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers). Integrated Interlock event is also processed at one controller. This paper describe system requirement for RF amplifier and vacuum and discuss the detailed design and software development by PLC programming at SKKUCY -10
	Poster TUP22 [1.458 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP22
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TUP23	Development of Magnetic Field Measurement Instrumentation for 10 MeV Cyclotron	218
	H. Namgoong, J.-S. Chai, H.J. Choi, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, W.J. Jun, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, S.C. Munpresenter SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea
	To produce a radio isotope for Positron Emission To-mography (PET), 10 MeV compact Cyclotron was in-stalled at Sungkyunkwan University. This cyclotron had been produced 10 MeV proton beam. For this cyclotron magnet, the magnetic field measurement instrumentation was being developed. The hall probe sensor was used for field measurement. This hall probe sensor moves radial direction and angular direction by mechanically. The Magnetic field measurement instrumentation measures the field in the range of 5 mm for radial direction and 1 degree for angular direction. Magnetic field was measured with and without cooling. Magnetic field was carried with 4 Gauss without cooling and 0.1 Gauss with cooling. Our developed magnetic field measurement instrumentation has 0.1 Gauss of an error and 0.01 Gauss of resolution over 9 hours.
	Poster TUP23 [14.585 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP23
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TUP25	The Methods of Compensation of the Beam Vertical Divergence at the Exit of Spiral Inflector in Cyclotrons	221
	I.A. Ivanenko JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
	While the axial injection into the cyclotron, the beam is turned from axial direction into median plane by means of inflector. Commonly used type of inflector is an electrostatic spiral inflector. The spiral inflector is easy to handle and has a good beam transmission factor. On the other hand, the negative feature of spiral inflector is the beam vertical divergence at the exit of inflector. It leads to increasing of beam vertical dimension and aperture losses at the first orbits. The methods of compensation of the beam vertical divergence at the inflector exit are considered at present report. This methods are used at FLNR JINR cyclotrons and give a good results in transmission factor, beam quality and operation modes.
	Poster TUP25 [0.521 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP25
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TUP26	Axial Injection Channel of IPHC Cyclotron TR24 and Possibility of Ion Beam Bunching	224
	N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia F.R. Osswald IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France
	The CYRCé cyclotron (CYclotron pour la ReCherche et l'Enseignement) is used at IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) for the production of radio-isotopes for diagnostics and medical treatments. The TR24 cyclotron produced and commercialized by ACSI (Canada) delivers a 16-25 MeV proton beam with intensity from few nA up to 500 microA. The bunching of the H⁻ ion beam by means of multi harmonic buncher is considered in this report. The buncher may be installed in the axial injection beam line of the cyclotron. The using of the greed-less multi harmonic buncher will give opportunity to new proton beam applications and to increase the accelerated beam current. The main parameters of the sinusoidal (one-harmonic) and multi harmonic bunchers are evaluated.
	Poster TUP26 [0.210 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP26
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TUP27	The Design of the Medical Cyclotron RF Cavity	227
	X.W. Wang, F. Yong, R. Zhang IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
	In the cyclotron, RF system as an essential component provides energy for the ions is accelerated. However, the RF cavity is the most important equipment which produced the accelerating field. According to the physical requirements, RF cavity, the resonant frequency of that is 31.02 MHz, was designed in the paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-Cyclotrons2016-TUP27
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Paper

Title

Page

TUP01

Challenges of a Growing Installed Base and Pencil Beam Scanning Delivery in IBA Cyclone 230

J. Brison, P. Cailliau, E. Forton, S. Thorson
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

IBAÂ’s Cyclone 230 is now installed and operated in more than 20 proton therapy centers worldwide and is delivering beam to treat patients with an uptime above 95%. The production and installation backlogs are still growing. The goal of this paper is to present and describe the latest developments delivered by IBA R&D and Operation teams to improve the robustness of the system over the years, from sourcing to assembly and testing, and to clinical operations. The first part of the paper will be dedicated to the technological R&D roadmap and to the new features implemented on the C230 which include, among others, the new Â“easy-removalÂ” electrostatic deflector, the yoke heating system, the new single cast yoke and the research work to increase the PIG ion source stability and lifetime. The second part of the paper will focus on the new challenges brought by Pencil Beam Scanning PBS in terms of requirements on the cyclotron stability and reproducibility and more specifically on the stability of the beam spot size and position after maintenance and during daily operations.

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TUP02

Cold Cathode Ion Source for IBA CYCLONE®230

164

P. Cailliau, J.C. Amelia, J. Brison, E. Forton
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
M. Conjat, J. Mandrillon, P. Mandrillon
AIMA, Nice, France

At IBA, we use a P.I.G. floating cathode ion source for injection in the CYCLONE®230 cyclotron. The purpose of the project is to investigate how the pre-sent ion source could be replaced by a P.I.G. cold cathodes one with a longer lifetime. Experiments de-scribed in this article were done on a dedicated test setup to benchmark the different modes. A new chimney design has been developed to test cold cath-ode mode in CYCLONE®230 without any other me-chanical modifications.

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TUP03

Extraction System Design for the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radioisotope Production

167

W.J.G.M. Kleeven, E. Forton, E.K. Kral, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, S. Zaremba, J. van de Walle
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

At IBA, we have designed, constructed, tested and industrialized an innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET isotope production. The design has been optimized for costeffectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performances, with a particular emphasis on its application and market. Multiple target stations can be placed around the vacuum chamber. An innovative extraction method (patent applications pending) has been designed which allows to obtain the same extracted beam sizes and properties on the target window independent of the target number. This is achieved by proper design and shaping of the magnet poles. This magnetic design is discussed together with beam dynamics simulations and beam extraction tests on the first machine.

Poster TUP03 [1.246 MB]

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TUP04

Magnet Design of the New IBA Cyclotron for PET Radio-isotope Production

170

S. Zaremba, S. De Neuter, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, J. van de Walle
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

An innovative isochronous cyclotron for PET radioisotope production has been designed, constructed, tested and industrialized at Ion Beam Applications (IBA) [1]. This cyclotron (patent application pending) produces 18MeV proton beam and is called the Cyclone® KIUBE. The design has been optimized for cost-effectiveness, compactness, ease of maintenance and high performance, which are key elements considering its application in the dedicated market. Compared to the previous 18 MeV protons and 9 MeV deuteron machine from IBA, Cyclone® 18/9, the gap between the poles has been reduced from 30 to 24 mm and the method of shimming to obtain isochronous magnetic field has been reviewed thoroughly. In early 2016, the prototype Cyclone® KIUBE was successfully commissioned at the IBA factory and the observed proton beam intensity outperformed Cyclone® 18/9.

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TUP05

Installation and Commissioning of the First Cyclone®70p

173

B. Nactergal, J.L. Delvaux, J.-M. Geets, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, T. Vanderlinden, R. Vigneron, S. Zaremba
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

In October 2013, IBA sold its first Cyclone®70p, ex-tracted 70 MeV proton machine to Zevacor Pharma, Indianapolis, IN, USA. This brand new machine combine the advantages of the design of the Cyclone®30 HC (1,5mA extracted beam) and the Cyclone®70 XP (multi-particle). Moreover, this high energy cyclotron has been optimized for H⁻ ions acceleration, activation reduction and long term beam production. The installation will be used for high power and long term irradiations of rubidium Rb targets to produce stron-tium 82Sr generator applied in the field of cardiac imaging. From cyclotron to beam lines and up to the target sta-tion, all subsystems have been reviewed to reach highest level of quality, reduce the activation (by the use of low activation material and reduction of beam losses) and finally optimized the maintenance. For that delivery, the machine will be equipped with 6 beam transport lines and 2 solid target station units. In June 2015, about 21 months after contract signature, the IBA Factory Acceptance Tests have been successfully performed in Belgium and the machine was shipped to Indianapolis, IN, USA to be installed in Customer factory cyclotron vault.

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TUP06

Design of the Cyclone®70p

175

S. Zaremba, M. Abs, J.L. Delvaux, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, B. Nactergal, V. Nuttens, J. van de Walle
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

The IBA CYCLONE®70p is a high intensity 70 MeV proton-only cyclotron dedicated to the production of radioisotopes for PET generators and SPECT. The nominal power of the extracted beam goes above 50kW (750μA@70MeV). The proton-only cyclotron was developed based on the previous experience of the multi-particle Cyclone® 70XP running in Nantes, France. Numerical tools have been extensively used to optimize the magnetic field, to avoid potentially harmful resonances during acceleration and improve the acceleration efficiency of the cyclotron. In addition, electromagnetic and mechanical calculations permitted to obtain a low dissipated power and electromechanically robust design of the RF system. The vacuum computations have permitted to optimize the beam transmission, the placement and type of cryopumps. This new development of CYCLONE®70p was the initial part of the successfully finished IBA project also presented during this conference [1].

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TUP07

Commissioning and Testing of the First IBA S2C2

178

S. Henrotin, M. Abs, E. Forton, Y. Jongen, W.J.G.M. Kleeven, P. Verbruggen, J. van de Wallepresenter
IBA, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium

The first unit of the IBA superconducting synchrocyclotron (S2C2) has been installed in Nice, France, and is currently being commissioned. In this communication, we will present some issues encountered during the commissioning of our first synchrocyclotron for protontherapy. We will mainly focus on beam aspects, showing the influence of several machine parameters on beam properties like stability, energy and intensity.

Poster TUP07 [1.403 MB]

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TUP08

The Use of Graphene as Stripper Foils in the Siemens Eclipse Cyclotron

181

S. Korenev, R. Dishman, A. Martin Yebra
Siemens Medical Solutions Molecular Imaging, Knoxville, TN, USA
N.D. Meshcheryakov, I.B. Smirnov
Siemens Healthcare, Moscow, Russia
I. Pavlovsky
ANI, Austin, USA

This paper presents the results of an experimental study for the use of graphene foils as an extractor (stripper) foil in the 11-MeV Siemens Eclipse Cyclotron. The main advantage of graphene foils compared with carbon and graphite foils is its very high thermal conductivity. The graphene also has significant mechanical strength for atomically thin carbon layers. The life time of these foils is more than 1,8 times more in compare with specification. The graphene foils showed a significant increase in the transmission factor (the ratio of the beam current on the stripper foil to the current on the target), which was approximately 90%. The technology in fabricating these graphene foils is shown. The pros and cons of using the graphene material as a stripper foil in cyclotrons are analyzed.

Poster TUP08 [1.510 MB]

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TUP09

Diagnostic Tool and Instrumentation for Handling 50 kW Beam Power

184

P. Antonini, E. Boratto, A. Calore, D. Campo, J. Esposito, A. Lombardi, M. Maggiore, M. Poggi, L. Pranovi
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

The SPES facility is entered the commissioning phase and the 70 MeV cyclotron is delivering the proton beams at the maximum power permitted. The INFN team has developed additional beam instrumentation in order to stop the particles at different power allowing the tuning of the beamline and to check the particles losses during the transport. In particular, a beam dumper able to stop up to 55kW beam power has been constructed and tested as well as the beam loss monitor system by INFN team. Here we present the status of the beam instrumentations supplied by INFN and the results achieved during the test with the beam.

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TUP10

A New Concept of High Current Power Supply for the Main Cyclotron Magnet at TRIUMF

186

S. Carrozza, F. Burini, E. Ferrari, M.P. Pretellipresenter, G.T. Taddia
OCEM, Valsamoggia, Italy
M.C. Bastos, G. Hudson, Q. King, G. Le Godec
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
I.V. Bylinskii, W. L. Louie, R.B. Nussbaumer
TRIUMF, Canada's National Laboratory for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Vancouver, Canada

A sophisticated power supply was studied and de-signed to supply a high current to the main magnet of the TRIUMF cyclotron. The power supply will be operated with a current up to 20000 A in DC mode. It has been designed using a modular approach, with a 12-pulse input rectifier and two DC link which feeds sixteen DC/DC chopper modules in parallel connection. The conceived power supply integrates a sophisticated control and a precise current measurement chain devel-oped at CERN for the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). This paper presents the solution described in the de-sign report, the choice of the main purchased components which will lead to a final assembly and test before the end of 2016.

Poster TUP10 [1.076 MB]

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TUP11

Developments of Ion Sources, LEBT and Injection Systems for Cyclotrons at RCNP

190

T. Yorita, M. Fukuda, S. Hara, K. Hatanaka, K. Kamakura, H.W. Koay, T. Kume, S. Morinobu, T. Saito, R. Yamanoshita, Y. Yasuda
RCNP, Osaka, Japan

Developments of injection systems for cyclotrons at Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP) Osaka University have been carried recently in order to improve the high intense ions in MeV region. The additional glazer lens on axial injection of AVF cyclotron has been installed to expand the beam accectance of cyclotron. Additional buncher for the heavy ion injection like Xe beam which requires high voltage in comparison with proton case also has been installed. Extension of baffle slits on injection line of Ring Cyclotron also has been done to extend the flexibility of injection orbit. Modification of low energy beam transport (LEBT) from ion sources to AVF injection axis including the development of fast emittance monitors also has been carried. Each component works well.

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TUP12

High Accuracy Cyclotron Beam Energy Measurement using Cross-correlation Method

193

A.M. Hendy, F.M. Alrumayanpresenter
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
H.A. Kassim, K. Kezzar
KSU, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Funding: This project was supported by the NSTIP strategic technologies program in the kingdom. Award No. (14-MAT-1233-20)
This work discusses a method to measure the protons energy from the CS 30 Cyclotron at KFSHRC. Using two Fast Current Transformers (FCT), particles' Time of Flight (ToF) can be accurately determined by using windowed cross-correlation method. Existing techniques use pulse width or edge delay measurement to get the ToF. The accuracy of these methods, however, is limited by sampling rate, signal level, noise, and distortion. By using Cross-Correlation and interpolation, on the other hand, a fractional delay measurement can be obtained, and the system works with low level signals, i.e. high S/N ratio. During experiments, time delay measured between the two signals was 9.4023 ns. By using relativistic equations cyclotron energy was calculated and found to be 25.99 MeV, bearing in mind that cyclotron energy (mentioned in the CS30 manual) is 26.5 MeV for protons. The difference between actual and calculated energy was <2%. Results will be further discussed and analyzed.
S. Varnasseri et al., "Test Bench Experiments for Energy Measurement and Beam Loss of ESS-BILBAO", Proceedings of IBIC2013, Oxford, UK, 2013.

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TUP13

Magnetic Field Measurement System of CS-30 Cyclotron

196

F.M. Alrumayan, A. Algaith, A.M. Hendy, J.F. Schneider
King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
SA. AL-Ghamdi, H.A. Kassim
KSU, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Funding: This project was supported by the NSTIP strategic technologies program in the kingdom. – Award No. (14-MAT-1233-20).
The magnetic field of the CS-30 Cyclotron at King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre (KFSHRC) has been measured using Hall probe-based mapping system. Although the CS-30 Cyclotron was under full operation for 3 decades, yet, it was crucial to evaluate the stability of beam orbits, particularly after stripping the cyclotron coils and its three sectors. The rational for stripping magnetic component was to replace the pole tip seal underneath the frame. The Hall probe was mounted on a high precision X – Y stage, which was driven by three stepping motors, two motors for X – axis and one motor for Y – axis. The 3MH5 digital Teslameter is a high performance magnetic field measuring instrument, based on the Hall Effect magnetic field – to – voltage transducer. It has digital data correction to provide 0.01% accuracy and it provides the possibility of automatic data acquisition via USB port of our computer. Results have shown an average field of 1.8 T. Further results will be presented and discussed.

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TUP14

The Assembly and Adjustment of the Second Stripping Probe System for CYCIAE-100

199

Shizhong. An, L.C. Cao, X.L. Fu, Z.G. Li, G.S. Liu, Y.L. Lv, G.F. Pan, Y. Wang, L.P. Wen, J.S. Xing, T.J. Zhang, Y.W. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A 100 MeV H⁻ compact cyclotron is under construction at China Institute of Atomic Energy (CYCIAE-100). The proton beams ranging from 75 MeV - 100 MeV with 200 μA beam intensity will be extracted in dual opposite direction by charge exchange stripping devices. The stripping probe system is the key part of extraction system for CYCIAE-100. The first stripping extraction system was installed in 2014 and it has satisfied all kinds of requirements for the proton beam extraction. The first 100 MeV proton beam was got on July 4, 2014 and the beam current was stably maintained at above 25 μA for about 9 hours on July 25, 2014. The first RIB with ISOL system driven by 100 MeV proton beam was generated in 2015. The second stripping system was installed in 2015 after the assembly and adjustment. The beam commissioning based on the second stripping system will be finished and the extracted proton beam parameters will be measured in detail in this year.

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TUP15

Control System Dedicated for Beam Line of Proton Radiography on 100 MeV Cyclotron CYCIAE-100

202

Y.W. Zhang, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, S.M. Wei, J.J. Yangpresenter, Z.G. Yin, T.J. Zhang
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

After the first beam on July 4 2014, CYCIAE-100's performance have been improved gradually and is ready for routine operation. There are 7 beam lines in total in the design stage, i.e. N1:ISOL, N2:isotope production, N3:beam dump, S1: single energy neutron, S2:white light neutron source, S3: radiobiological effect, S4:single event effect. The beam lines N2 and N3 were combined into one line during the construction. In the last two years, we propose to build to two new lines, one for principle verification of Proton Radiography, the other one for demonstration of proton therapy. Both of them are quite special. In this paper, a control system for the operation of the beam line of proton radiography, including the magnets, vacuum and water cooling, the beam intensity & profile diagnostics, and the imaging etc, will be presented.

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TUP16

The High Quality Water Cooling System for a 100 MeV Cyclotron

205

Z.G. Li, H.R. Cai, L.C. Cao, T. Ge, G.G. Liu, J.Y. Wei, L.C. Wu, J.J. Yangpresenter
CIAE, Beijing, People's Republic of China

A high quality water cooling system with total heat power dissipation of 500 kW has been built and successfully used for a 100 MeV high intensity Cyclotron. The main features of this system are high water quality with specific conductivity bellow 0.5 μS/cm, high cooling water temperature stability better than ±0.1°C for long time operation and much electric power-saving in comparing with classical design. For some special usages, such as high beam power target and vacuum helium compressor, they all are well treated and reasonably separated from the main cooling system. There are totally 108 distributed water branches together for different sub-equipments of the cyclotron. At each branch, there are one water flow switch for safe interlock, one flow meter for monitoring, one temperature sensor for remote diagnostics. The water cooling system is under automatic control with PLC, and its operation status and all parameters can be remotely monitored from the control room. All of the involved equipments can be switched on/off by one key, no on-duty staff is needed at normal conditions. This system has been put into commissioning for two years and proved successful and reliable.

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TUP17

Preliminary Design of RF System for SC200 Superconducting Cyclotron

208

G. Chen, Y.F. Bi, C. Chao, Y. Chen, K.Z. Ding, H. Feng, Y. Song, S.Y. Wang, M. Xu, Q. Yang, X. Zhang, J. Zheng, J. Zhou
ASIPP, Hefei, People's Republic of China
O. Karamyshev, G.A. Karamysheva, N.A. Morozov, E.V. Samsonov, G. Shirkov
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

The SC200 is a compact superconducting cyclotron, which is designed under the collaboration of ASIPP (Hefei, China)-JINR (Dubna, Russia), for proton therapy. The protons are accelerated to 200 Mev with maximum beam current of 500 nA. The very high mean magnetic field of 2.9T-3.5T (center-extraction) challenges the design of radio frequency (RF) system because of the restricted space. The orbital frequency of the protons is ~45 MHz according to the magnetic field and beam dynamics. The RF system is supposed to operate on 2rd harmonic of ~90 MHz. Two Dee cavities located at the valley of the magnet have been adopted. The preliminary design of RF system, which consists of active tuning, coupling and so on, is presented. The computation and simulation showed good results to ensure the Dee cavities operating at the 2rd harmonic and the proper variation of acceleration voltage versus radius.

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TUP19

Neural Network Based Generalized Predictive Control for RFT-30 Cyclotron System

212

Y.B. Kong, M.G. Hur, E.J. Lee, J.H. Park, S.D. Yang
KAERI, Jeongeup-si, Republic of Korea
Y.D. Park
Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongup-si, Jeollabuk-do, Republic of Korea

Beamline tuning is time consuming and difficult work in accelerator system. In this work, we propose a neural generalized predictive control (NGPC) approach for the RFT-30 cyclotron beamline. The proposed approach performs system identification with the NN model and finds the control parameters for the beamline. Performance results show that the proposed approach helps to predict optimal parameters without real experiments with the accelerator.

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TUP22

PLC Control System for Vacuum and 20 Kw RF Amplifier

215

H.S. Kim, J.-S. Chai, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, J.C. Lee, S.C. Mun, H. Namgoong
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work was supported by the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) grant funded by the Korean government (MSIP:Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning) (NRF-2015M2B2A8A10058096)
Since 2014, the Sungkyunkwan University has been upgrade 10 MeV cyclotron (SKKUCY-10) prototype for producing radio isotopes. For stable and robust cyclotron operation, local controller is main issue. Especially, RF and Vacuum is main part for control system and each sub system fault result in damage to the other sub systems. To solve those problem, we integrate RF amplifier and vacu-um local controller by LS PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers). Integrated Interlock event is also processed at one controller. This paper describe system requirement for RF amplifier and vacuum and discuss the detailed design and software development by PLC programming at SKKUCY -10

Poster TUP22 [1.458 MB]

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TUP23

Development of Magnetic Field Measurement Instrumentation for 10 MeV Cyclotron

218

H. Namgoong, J.-S. Chai, H.J. Choi, M. Ghergherehchi, D.H. Ha, W.J. Jun, H.S. Kim, J.C. Lee, S.C. Munpresenter
SKKU, Suwon, Republic of Korea

To produce a radio isotope for Positron Emission To-mography (PET), 10 MeV compact Cyclotron was in-stalled at Sungkyunkwan University. This cyclotron had been produced 10 MeV proton beam. For this cyclotron magnet, the magnetic field measurement instrumentation was being developed. The hall probe sensor was used for field measurement. This hall probe sensor moves radial direction and angular direction by mechanically. The Magnetic field measurement instrumentation measures the field in the range of 5 mm for radial direction and 1 degree for angular direction. Magnetic field was measured with and without cooling. Magnetic field was carried with 4 Gauss without cooling and 0.1 Gauss with cooling. Our developed magnetic field measurement instrumentation has 0.1 Gauss of an error and 0.01 Gauss of resolution over 9 hours.

Poster TUP23 [14.585 MB]

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TUP25

The Methods of Compensation of the Beam Vertical Divergence at the Exit of Spiral Inflector in Cyclotrons

221

I.A. Ivanenko
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia

While the axial injection into the cyclotron, the beam is turned from axial direction into median plane by means of inflector. Commonly used type of inflector is an electrostatic spiral inflector. The spiral inflector is easy to handle and has a good beam transmission factor. On the other hand, the negative feature of spiral inflector is the beam vertical divergence at the exit of inflector. It leads to increasing of beam vertical dimension and aperture losses at the first orbits. The methods of compensation of the beam vertical divergence at the inflector exit are considered at present report. This methods are used at FLNR JINR cyclotrons and give a good results in transmission factor, beam quality and operation modes.

Poster TUP25 [0.521 MB]

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TUP26

Axial Injection Channel of IPHC Cyclotron TR24 and Possibility of Ion Beam Bunching

224

N.Yu. Kazarinov, I.A. Ivanenko
JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
F.R. Osswald
IPHC, Strasbourg Cedex 2, France

The CYRCé cyclotron (CYclotron pour la ReCherche et l'Enseignement) is used at IPHC (Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien) for the production of radio-isotopes for diagnostics and medical treatments. The TR24 cyclotron produced and commercialized by ACSI (Canada) delivers a 16-25 MeV proton beam with intensity from few nA up to 500 microA. The bunching of the H⁻ ion beam by means of multi harmonic buncher is considered in this report. The buncher may be installed in the axial injection beam line of the cyclotron. The using of the greed-less multi harmonic buncher will give opportunity to new proton beam applications and to increase the accelerated beam current. The main parameters of the sinusoidal (one-harmonic) and multi harmonic bunchers are evaluated.

Poster TUP26 [0.210 MB]

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TUP27

The Design of the Medical Cyclotron RF Cavity

227

X.W. Wang, F. Yong, R. Zhang
IMP/CAS, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China

In the cyclotron, RF system as an essential component provides energy for the ions is accelerated. However, the RF cavity is the most important equipment which produced the accelerating field. According to the physical requirements, RF cavity, the resonant frequency of that is 31.02 MHz, was designed in the paper.

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