IPAC2012 - List of Authors (Doolittle, L.R.)

Paper

Title

Page

Instrumentation and Diagnostics for High Repetition Rate Linac-driven FELs

23

J.M. Byrd, S. De Santis, L.R. Doolittle, D. Filippetto, G. Huang, M. Placidi, A. Ratti
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
One of the concepts for the next generation of linac-driven FELs is a cw superconducting linac driving an electron beam with MHz repetition rates. The beam is then switched into an array of independently configurable FELs. The demand for high brightness beams and the high rep-rate presents a number of challenges for the instrumentation and diagnostics. The high rep-rate also presents opportunities for increased beam stability because of the ability for much higher sampling rates for beam-based feedbacks. In this paper, we present our plans for instrumentation and diagnostics for such a machine.

Slides MOOAA02 [1.710 MB]

MOPPR075

Status of the APEX Beam Diagnostic and First Measurements

963

D. Filippetto, M.J. Chin, C.W. Cork, S. De Santis, L.R. Doolittle, W.E. Norum, C. F. Papadopoulos, G.J. Portmann, D.G. Quintas, F. Sannibale, R.P. Wells, M.S. Zolotorev
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

The APEX project aims to the construction of a high brightness high repetition rate photo-injector at LBNL. In its first phase a 750 keV electron bunch is produced at a maximum repetition rate of 1 MHz, with an adjustable charge per bunch spanning the pC-to-nC region. A load lock system is foreseen to test different cathodes without the need of breaking the vacuum and the downstream diagnostic is used to characterize the photo-emitted beam brightness. In the initial phase the main effort is directed toward the measurement of photocurrent, dark current, thermal emittance and electron beam kinetic energy. In a successive phase, diagnostic for full 6D phase space characterization of space charge dominated beams will be added to the beamline. We report and discuss the present diagnostic beamline layout, first beam measurements and future upgrades.

TUOAB01

Timing and Synchronization for the APS Short Pulse X-ray Project

1077

F. Lenkszus, N.D. Arnold, T.G. Berenc, G. Decker, E.M. Dufresne, R.I. Farnsworth, Y.L. Li, R.M. Lill, H. Ma
ANL, Argonne, USA
J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, G. Huang, R.B. Wilcox
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Short-Pulse X-ray (SPX) project, which is part of the APS upgrade, will provide intense, tunable, high-repetition-rate picosecond x-ray pulses through the use of deflecting cavities operating at the 8th harmonic of the storage-ring rf. Achieving this picosecond capability while minimizing the impact to other beamlines outside the SPX zone imposes demanding timing and synchronization requirements. For example, the mismatch between the upstream and downstream deflecting cavities' rf field phase is specified to be less than 0.077 degrees root mean squared (rms) at 2815 MHz (~77 femtoseconds). Another stringent requirement is to synchronize beamline pump-probe lasers to the SPX x-ray pulse to 400 femtoseconds rms. To achieve these requirements we have entered into a collaboration with the Beam Technology group at LBNL. They have developed and demonstrated a system for distributing stable rf signals over optical fiber capable of achieving less than 20 femtoseconds rms drift and jitter over 2.2 km over 60 hours*. This paper defines the overall timing/synchronization requirements for the SPX and describes the plan to achieve them.
* R. Wilcox et al. Opt. Let. 34(20), Oct 15, 2009

Slides TUOAB01 [2.515 MB]

TUPPP070

Next Generation Light Source R&D and Design Studies at LBNL

1762

J.N. Corlett, B. Austin, K.M. Baptiste, D.L. Bowring, J.M. Byrd, S. De Santis, P. Denes, R.J. Donahue, L.R. Doolittle, P. Emma, D. Filippetto, G. Huang, T. Koettig, S. Kwiatkowski, D. Li, T.P. Lou, H. Nishimura, H.A. Padmore, C. F. Papadopoulos, G.C. Pappas, G. Penn, M. Placidi, S. Prestemon, D. Prosnitz, J. Qiang, A. Ratti, M.W. Reinsch, D. Robin, F. Sannibale, D. Schlueter, R.W. Schoenlein, J.W. Staples, C. Steier, C. Sun, T. Vecchione, M. Venturini, W. Wan, R.P. Wells, R.B. Wilcox, J.S. Wurtele
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
LBNL is developing design concepts for a multi-beamline soft x-ray FEL array powered by a superconducting linear accelerator, operating with a high bunch repetition rate of approximately one MHz. The cw superconducting linear accelerator is supplied by an injector based on a high-brightness, high-repetition-rate photocathode electron gun. Electron bunches are distributed from the linac to the array of independently configurable FEL beamlines with nominal bunch rates up to 100 kHz in each FEL, and with even pulse spacing. Individual FELs may be configured for different modes of operation, and each may produce high peak and average brightness x-rays with a flexible pulse format, and with pulse durations ranging from sub-femtoseconds to hundreds of femtoseconds. In this paper we describe conceptual design studies and optimizations. We describe recent developments in the design and performance parameters, and progress in R&D activities.

TUPPP073

Machine Parameter Studies for an FEL Facility Using STAFF

1768

M.W. Reinsch, B. Austin, J.N. Corlett, L.R. Doolittle, P. Emma, G. Penn, D. Prosnitz, J. Qiang, A. Sessler, M. Venturini
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
J.S. Wurtele
UCB, Berkeley, California, USA

Designing an FEL facility requires balancing multiple science needs, FEL and accelerator physics constraints, and engineering limitations. STAFF (System Trade Analysis for an FEL Facility) is a MATLAB program that enables the user to rapidly explore a large range of Linac and FEL design options to meet science requirements. The code uses analytical models such as the Ming Xie formulas when appropriate and look-up tables when necessary to maintain speed and flexibility. STAFF's modular design simplifies the inclusion of new physics models for FEL harmonics, wake fields, cavity higher-order modes and aspects of linac design such as the optimization of a laser heater, harmonic linearizer, and one or more bunch compressors. Code for the microbunching instability has been included as well. STAFF also supports multiple undulator technologies. STAFF permits the user to study error tolerances and multiple beamlines so as to explore the full capabilities of an entire user facility. This makes it possible to optimize the integrated system in terms of performance metrics such as photons/pulse, photons/sec and tunability range.

WEEPPB004

Status of the APEX Project at LBNL

2173

F. Sannibale, B.J. Bailey, K.M. Baptiste, J.M. Byrd, C.W. Cork, J.N. Corlett, S. De Santis, L.R. Doolittle, J.A. Doyle, P. Emma, J. Feng, D. Filippetto, G. Huang, H. Huang, T.D. Kramasz, S. Kwiatkowski, W.E. Norum, H.A. Padmore, C. F. Papadopoulos, G.C. Pappas, G.J. Portmann, J. Qiang, D.G. Quintas, J.W. Staples, T. Vecchione, M. Venturini, M. Vinco, W. Wan, R.P. Wells, M.S. Zolotorev, F.A. Zucca
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
M. J. Messerly, M.A. Prantil
LLNL, Livermore, California, USA
C.M. Pogue
NPS, Monterey, California, USA

Funding: This work was supported by the Director of the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231.
The Advanced Photo-injector Experiment (APEX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is focused on the development of a high-brightness high-repetition rate (MHz-class) electron injector for X-ray FEL applications. The injector is based on a new concept gun, utilizing a normal conducting 186 MHz RF cavity operating in cw mode in conjunction with high quantum efficiency photocathodes capable of delivering the required repetition rates with available laser technology. The APEX activities are staged in 3 main phases. In Phases 0 and I, the gun will be tested at its nominal energy of 750 keV and several different photocathodes are tested at full repetition rate. In Phase II, a pulsed linac will be added for accelerating the beam at several tens of MeV to reduce space charge effects and measure the high-brightness performance of the gun when integrated in an injector scheme. At Phase II energies, the radiation shielding configuration of APEX limits the repetition rate to a maximum of several Hz. Phase 0 is under commissioning, Phase I under installation, and initial activities for Phase II are underway. This paper presents an update on the status of these activities.

WEPPP073

Dynamic Feedback Model for High Repetition Rate Linac-driven FELs

2879

J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, P. Emma, G. Huang, A. Ratti, C. Serrano
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.
One of the concepts for the next generation of linac-driven FELs is a cw superconducting linac driving an electron beam with MHz repetition rates. One of the challenges for next generation FELs is improve the shot-to-shot stability of the energy, charge, peak current, and timing jitter of the electron beam. The use of a cw RF system with MHz beam repetition rates presents an opportunity to use broadband feedback to stabilize the beam parameters. To understand the performance of such a feedback system, we are are developing a dynamic feedback model of the machine with a focus on the longitudinal beam properties. The model is being developed as an extension of the LITrack code and will include the dynamics of the beam-cavity interaction, RF feedback, beam-based feedback, and multibunch effects. In this paper, we will present the status of this model along with results.

WEPPC038

Status of the Short-Pulse X-ray Project at the Advanced Photon Source

2292

A. Nassiri, N.D. Arnold, T.G. Berenc, M. Borland, B. Brajuskovic, D.J. Bromberek, J. Carwardine, G. Decker, L. Emery, J.D. Fuerst, A.E. Grelick, D. Horan, J. Kaluzny, F. Lenkszus, R.M. Lill, J. Liu, H. Ma, V. Sajaev, T.L. Smith, B.K. Stillwell, G.J. Waldschmidt, G. Wu, B.X. Yang, Y. Yang, A. Zholents
ANL, Argonne, USA
J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, G. Huang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
G. Cheng, G. Ciovati, P. Dhakal, G.V. Eremeev, J.J. Feingold, R.L. Geng, J. Henry, P. Kneisel, K. Macha, J.D. Mammosser, J. Matalevich, A.D. Palczewski, R.A. Rimmer, H. Wang, K.M. Wilson, M. Wiseman
JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Z. Li, L. Xiao
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357.
The Advanced Photon Source Upgrade (APS-U) Project at Argonne will include generation of short-pulse x-rays based on Zholents’* deflecting cavity scheme. We have chosen superconducting (SC) cavities in order to have a continuous train of crabbed bunches and flexibility of operating modes. In collaboration with Jefferson Laboratory, we are prototyping and testing a number of single-cell deflecting cavities and associated auxiliary systems with promising initial results. In collaboration with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, we are working to develop state-of-the-art timing, synchronization, and differential rf phase stability systems that are required for SPX. Collaboration with Advanced Computations Department at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center is looking into simulations of complex, multi-cavity geometries with lower- and higher-order modes waveguide dampers using ACE3P. This contribution provides the current R&D status of the SPX project.
* A. Zholents et al., NIM A 425, 385 (1999).

THPPC087

Software Firmware Infrastructure for LLRF4 Based System

3485

G. Huang, L.R. Doolittle, C. Serrano
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

LLRF4 is a successfully designed FPGA based low noise llrf signal process board. The board has been used in server accelerator as low level RF control and timing system. The complexity of maintain and support different version of software and firmware increase as the application increase. This paper describe our attempt to abstract the software and firmware layer. In the software side, the infrastructure support original rgui like GUI and also provide EPICS IOC driver. From the firmware side, the infrastructure separate board hardware dependent driver, the common algorithm implementation and project specific DSP, it also reserved the capability to expend to UDP based communication and next generation llrf board.

THPPC088

LLRF Control Algorithm for APEX

3488

G. Huang, K.M. Baptiste, J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, F. Sannibale
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Advanced photo-cathode experiment is an ongoing experiment of a high repetition rate low emittance VHF band gun experiment. A low level RF control and monitor subsystem is developed base on the 5 LLRF4 board. One of them is used for low level RF control and the other 4 are used as interlock and RF monitor at different point of the system. The laser is also controlled by the system to be synced to the RF system. This paper we summarize the control algorithm used in the system firmware.

THPPC089

LLRF Control for SPX @ APS Demonstration Experiment

3491

G. Huang, J.M. Byrd, K. Campbell, L.R. Doolittle, J.B. Greer
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
N.D. Arnold, T.G. Berenc, F. Lenkszus, H. Ma
ANL, Argonne, USA

The SPX experiment at APS is part of the APS upgrade project, using two deflecting cavity to chirp the electron pulse and then generate short pulse x-ray. To minimize the influence to other users on the storage ring, the phase synchronization of the two deflecting cavity are required to be better then 77 femto-second. A LLRF4 board based system is designed to demonstrate the capability of meeting this requirement. This paper discuss the hardware and firmware design of the demo experiment including the cavity emulator, frequency reference generation and LLRF control algorithm.

Paper	Title	Page
MOOAA02	Instrumentation and Diagnostics for High Repetition Rate Linac-driven FELs	23
	J.M. Byrd, S. De Santis, L.R. Doolittle, D. Filippetto, G. Huang, M. Placidi, A. Ratti LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. One of the concepts for the next generation of linac-driven FELs is a cw superconducting linac driving an electron beam with MHz repetition rates. The beam is then switched into an array of independently configurable FELs. The demand for high brightness beams and the high rep-rate presents a number of challenges for the instrumentation and diagnostics. The high rep-rate also presents opportunities for increased beam stability because of the ability for much higher sampling rates for beam-based feedbacks. In this paper, we present our plans for instrumentation and diagnostics for such a machine.
	Slides MOOAA02 [1.710 MB]

MOPPR075	Status of the APEX Beam Diagnostic and First Measurements	963
	D. Filippetto, M.J. Chin, C.W. Cork, S. De Santis, L.R. Doolittle, W.E. Norum, C. F. Papadopoulos, G.J. Portmann, D.G. Quintas, F. Sannibale, R.P. Wells, M.S. Zolotorev LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	The APEX project aims to the construction of a high brightness high repetition rate photo-injector at LBNL. In its first phase a 750 keV electron bunch is produced at a maximum repetition rate of 1 MHz, with an adjustable charge per bunch spanning the pC-to-nC region. A load lock system is foreseen to test different cathodes without the need of breaking the vacuum and the downstream diagnostic is used to characterize the photo-emitted beam brightness. In the initial phase the main effort is directed toward the measurement of photocurrent, dark current, thermal emittance and electron beam kinetic energy. In a successive phase, diagnostic for full 6D phase space characterization of space charge dominated beams will be added to the beamline. We report and discuss the present diagnostic beamline layout, first beam measurements and future upgrades.

TUOAB01	Timing and Synchronization for the APS Short Pulse X-ray Project	1077
	F. Lenkszus, N.D. Arnold, T.G. Berenc, G. Decker, E.M. Dufresne, R.I. Farnsworth, Y.L. Li, R.M. Lill, H. Ma ANL, Argonne, USA J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, G. Huang, R.B. Wilcox LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Short-Pulse X-ray (SPX) project, which is part of the APS upgrade, will provide intense, tunable, high-repetition-rate picosecond x-ray pulses through the use of deflecting cavities operating at the 8th harmonic of the storage-ring rf. Achieving this picosecond capability while minimizing the impact to other beamlines outside the SPX zone imposes demanding timing and synchronization requirements. For example, the mismatch between the upstream and downstream deflecting cavities' rf field phase is specified to be less than 0.077 degrees root mean squared (rms) at 2815 MHz (~77 femtoseconds). Another stringent requirement is to synchronize beamline pump-probe lasers to the SPX x-ray pulse to 400 femtoseconds rms. To achieve these requirements we have entered into a collaboration with the Beam Technology group at LBNL. They have developed and demonstrated a system for distributing stable rf signals over optical fiber capable of achieving less than 20 femtoseconds rms drift and jitter over 2.2 km over 60 hours. This paper defines the overall timing/synchronization requirements for the SPX and describes the plan to achieve them. R. Wilcox et al. Opt. Let. 34(20), Oct 15, 2009
	Slides TUOAB01 [2.515 MB]

TUPPP070	Next Generation Light Source R&D and Design Studies at LBNL	1762
	J.N. Corlett, B. Austin, K.M. Baptiste, D.L. Bowring, J.M. Byrd, S. De Santis, P. Denes, R.J. Donahue, L.R. Doolittle, P. Emma, D. Filippetto, G. Huang, T. Koettig, S. Kwiatkowski, D. Li, T.P. Lou, H. Nishimura, H.A. Padmore, C. F. Papadopoulos, G.C. Pappas, G. Penn, M. Placidi, S. Prestemon, D. Prosnitz, J. Qiang, A. Ratti, M.W. Reinsch, D. Robin, F. Sannibale, D. Schlueter, R.W. Schoenlein, J.W. Staples, C. Steier, C. Sun, T. Vecchione, M. Venturini, W. Wan, R.P. Wells, R.B. Wilcox, J.S. Wurtele LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. LBNL is developing design concepts for a multi-beamline soft x-ray FEL array powered by a superconducting linear accelerator, operating with a high bunch repetition rate of approximately one MHz. The cw superconducting linear accelerator is supplied by an injector based on a high-brightness, high-repetition-rate photocathode electron gun. Electron bunches are distributed from the linac to the array of independently configurable FEL beamlines with nominal bunch rates up to 100 kHz in each FEL, and with even pulse spacing. Individual FELs may be configured for different modes of operation, and each may produce high peak and average brightness x-rays with a flexible pulse format, and with pulse durations ranging from sub-femtoseconds to hundreds of femtoseconds. In this paper we describe conceptual design studies and optimizations. We describe recent developments in the design and performance parameters, and progress in R&D activities.

TUPPP073	Machine Parameter Studies for an FEL Facility Using STAFF	1768
	M.W. Reinsch, B. Austin, J.N. Corlett, L.R. Doolittle, P. Emma, G. Penn, D. Prosnitz, J. Qiang, A. Sessler, M. Venturini LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA J.S. Wurtele UCB, Berkeley, California, USA
	Designing an FEL facility requires balancing multiple science needs, FEL and accelerator physics constraints, and engineering limitations. STAFF (System Trade Analysis for an FEL Facility) is a MATLAB program that enables the user to rapidly explore a large range of Linac and FEL design options to meet science requirements. The code uses analytical models such as the Ming Xie formulas when appropriate and look-up tables when necessary to maintain speed and flexibility. STAFF's modular design simplifies the inclusion of new physics models for FEL harmonics, wake fields, cavity higher-order modes and aspects of linac design such as the optimization of a laser heater, harmonic linearizer, and one or more bunch compressors. Code for the microbunching instability has been included as well. STAFF also supports multiple undulator technologies. STAFF permits the user to study error tolerances and multiple beamlines so as to explore the full capabilities of an entire user facility. This makes it possible to optimize the integrated system in terms of performance metrics such as photons/pulse, photons/sec and tunability range.

WEEPPB004	Status of the APEX Project at LBNL	2173
	F. Sannibale, B.J. Bailey, K.M. Baptiste, J.M. Byrd, C.W. Cork, J.N. Corlett, S. De Santis, L.R. Doolittle, J.A. Doyle, P. Emma, J. Feng, D. Filippetto, G. Huang, H. Huang, T.D. Kramasz, S. Kwiatkowski, W.E. Norum, H.A. Padmore, C. F. Papadopoulos, G.C. Pappas, G.J. Portmann, J. Qiang, D.G. Quintas, J.W. Staples, T. Vecchione, M. Venturini, M. Vinco, W. Wan, R.P. Wells, M.S. Zolotorev, F.A. Zucca LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA M. J. Messerly, M.A. Prantil LLNL, Livermore, California, USA C.M. Pogue NPS, Monterey, California, USA
	Funding: This work was supported by the Director of the Office of Science of the US Department of Energy under Contract no. DEAC02-05CH11231. The Advanced Photo-injector Experiment (APEX) at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is focused on the development of a high-brightness high-repetition rate (MHz-class) electron injector for X-ray FEL applications. The injector is based on a new concept gun, utilizing a normal conducting 186 MHz RF cavity operating in cw mode in conjunction with high quantum efficiency photocathodes capable of delivering the required repetition rates with available laser technology. The APEX activities are staged in 3 main phases. In Phases 0 and I, the gun will be tested at its nominal energy of 750 keV and several different photocathodes are tested at full repetition rate. In Phase II, a pulsed linac will be added for accelerating the beam at several tens of MeV to reduce space charge effects and measure the high-brightness performance of the gun when integrated in an injector scheme. At Phase II energies, the radiation shielding configuration of APEX limits the repetition rate to a maximum of several Hz. Phase 0 is under commissioning, Phase I under installation, and initial activities for Phase II are underway. This paper presents an update on the status of these activities.

WEPPP073	Dynamic Feedback Model for High Repetition Rate Linac-driven FELs	2879
	J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, P. Emma, G. Huang, A. Ratti, C. Serrano LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the Director, Office of Science, of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. One of the concepts for the next generation of linac-driven FELs is a cw superconducting linac driving an electron beam with MHz repetition rates. One of the challenges for next generation FELs is improve the shot-to-shot stability of the energy, charge, peak current, and timing jitter of the electron beam. The use of a cw RF system with MHz beam repetition rates presents an opportunity to use broadband feedback to stabilize the beam parameters. To understand the performance of such a feedback system, we are are developing a dynamic feedback model of the machine with a focus on the longitudinal beam properties. The model is being developed as an extension of the LITrack code and will include the dynamics of the beam-cavity interaction, RF feedback, beam-based feedback, and multibunch effects. In this paper, we will present the status of this model along with results.

WEPPC038	Status of the Short-Pulse X-ray Project at the Advanced Photon Source	2292
	A. Nassiri, N.D. Arnold, T.G. Berenc, M. Borland, B. Brajuskovic, D.J. Bromberek, J. Carwardine, G. Decker, L. Emery, J.D. Fuerst, A.E. Grelick, D. Horan, J. Kaluzny, F. Lenkszus, R.M. Lill, J. Liu, H. Ma, V. Sajaev, T.L. Smith, B.K. Stillwell, G.J. Waldschmidt, G. Wu, B.X. Yang, Y. Yang, A. Zholents ANL, Argonne, USA J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, G. Huang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA G. Cheng, G. Ciovati, P. Dhakal, G.V. Eremeev, J.J. Feingold, R.L. Geng, J. Henry, P. Kneisel, K. Macha, J.D. Mammosser, J. Matalevich, A.D. Palczewski, R.A. Rimmer, H. Wang, K.M. Wilson, M. Wiseman JLAB, Newport News, Virginia, USA Z. Li, L. Xiao SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The Advanced Photon Source Upgrade (APS-U) Project at Argonne will include generation of short-pulse x-rays based on Zholents’* deflecting cavity scheme. We have chosen superconducting (SC) cavities in order to have a continuous train of crabbed bunches and flexibility of operating modes. In collaboration with Jefferson Laboratory, we are prototyping and testing a number of single-cell deflecting cavities and associated auxiliary systems with promising initial results. In collaboration with Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, we are working to develop state-of-the-art timing, synchronization, and differential rf phase stability systems that are required for SPX. Collaboration with Advanced Computations Department at Stanford Linear Accelerator Center is looking into simulations of complex, multi-cavity geometries with lower- and higher-order modes waveguide dampers using ACE3P. This contribution provides the current R&D status of the SPX project. * A. Zholents et al., NIM A 425, 385 (1999).

THPPC087	Software Firmware Infrastructure for LLRF4 Based System	3485
	G. Huang, L.R. Doolittle, C. Serrano LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	LLRF4 is a successfully designed FPGA based low noise llrf signal process board. The board has been used in server accelerator as low level RF control and timing system. The complexity of maintain and support different version of software and firmware increase as the application increase. This paper describe our attempt to abstract the software and firmware layer. In the software side, the infrastructure support original rgui like GUI and also provide EPICS IOC driver. From the firmware side, the infrastructure separate board hardware dependent driver, the common algorithm implementation and project specific DSP, it also reserved the capability to expend to UDP based communication and next generation llrf board.

THPPC088	LLRF Control Algorithm for APEX	3488
	G. Huang, K.M. Baptiste, J.M. Byrd, L.R. Doolittle, F. Sannibale LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Advanced photo-cathode experiment is an ongoing experiment of a high repetition rate low emittance VHF band gun experiment. A low level RF control and monitor subsystem is developed base on the 5 LLRF4 board. One of them is used for low level RF control and the other 4 are used as interlock and RF monitor at different point of the system. The laser is also controlled by the system to be synced to the RF system. This paper we summarize the control algorithm used in the system firmware.

THPPC089	LLRF Control for SPX @ APS Demonstration Experiment	3491
	G. Huang, J.M. Byrd, K. Campbell, L.R. Doolittle, J.B. Greer LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA N.D. Arnold, T.G. Berenc, F. Lenkszus, H. Ma ANL, Argonne, USA
	The SPX experiment at APS is part of the APS upgrade project, using two deflecting cavity to chirp the electron pulse and then generate short pulse x-ray. To minimize the influence to other users on the storage ring, the phase synchronization of the two deflecting cavity are required to be better then 77 femto-second. A LLRF4 board based system is designed to demonstrate the capability of meeting this requirement. This paper discuss the hardware and firmware design of the demo experiment including the cavity emulator, frequency reference generation and LLRF control algorithm.