THTU1
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
Because of superior superconducting properties (Tc ~ 18.3K, Hs h ~ 425 mT and delta ~ 3.1 meV) compared to niobium, Nb3Sn promise better RF performance (Q0 and Eacc) and/or higher operating temperature (2 K Vs 4.2 K) for SRF cavities. Nb3Sn-coated SRF cavities are produced routinely by depositing a few micron-thick Nb3Sn films on the interior surface of Nb cavities via tin vapor diffusion technique. Early results from Nb3Sn cavities coated with this technique exhibited precipi-tous low field Q-slope, also known as Wuppertal slope. Several Nb3Sn single cell cavities coated at JLab ap-peared to exhibit similar Q-slope. RF testing of cavi-ties and materials study of witness samples were con-tinuously used to modify the coating protocol. At best condition, we were able to produce Nb3Sn cavity with Q0 in excess of ~ 5×1010 at 2 K and ~ 2×1010 at 4 K up the accelerating gradient of ~15 MV/m, without any significant Q-slope. In this presentation, we will dis-cuss recent results from several Nb3Sn coated single-cell cavities linked with material studies of witness samples, coating process modifications and the possi-ble causative factors to Wuppertal slope.
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
The cryogenic rf tests of SRF cavities in vertical cryostats is typically carried out using fixed-length antennae to couple rf power into the cavity and to probe the energy stored into the cavity. Although variable couplers have been designed, built and used in the past, they are often a complex, costly, not very reliable auxiliary component to the cavity test. In this contribution we present the design and implementation of a simple variable rf antenna which has about 50 mm travel, allowing to obtain about four orders of magnitude variation in Qext -value. The motion of the antenna is driven by a motorized linear feedthrough outside of the cryostat. The antenna can easily be mounted on the most common type of cavity flanges.
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
We presented the RF measurement on a 1.3 GHz single cell cavity fabricated at KEK using large grain ingot niobium with RRR=107. The cavity reached to 35 MV/m with Q0 = 2.0×10zEhNZeHn at 2.0 K, record performance on the cavity made from medium purity ingot niobium. The cavity was cool down with different temperature gradient along the cavity axis in order to understand the flux expulsion mechanism when the cavity does through the superconducting transition and effect of trap residual magnetic field on the residual resistance. The measurement showed the excellent flux expulsion with the flux trapping sensitivity of 0.29 nΩ/mG for electro polished surface and 0.44 nΩ/mG for cavity followed by low temperature baking at 120°C for 12 hours.
We acknowledge KEK for sending this cavity for evaluations.
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
The performance of high-purity, bulk niobium SRF cavities treated by chemical processes such as BCP or EP is limited by the so-called high-field Q-slope (HFQS). Several models and experimental studies have been proposed and performed over the years to understand the origin of these anomalous losses but a general consensus on what these orgins are is yet to be established. In this contribution, we present the results from the RF tests of several 1.3 GHz single-cell cavities limited by the HFQS and tested using a variable input coupler. This allowed to maintain close to critical coupling even at high field and the data showed that the HFQS did not saturate and that in some cases a power dissipation of up to 200 W at 2 K could be sustained without quench.
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia, USA
Industrial application of SRF technology would favor the use of cryocoolers to conductively cool SRF cavities for particle accelerators, operating at or above 4.3 K. In order to achieve a lower surface resistance than Nb at 4.3 K, a superconductor with higher critical temperature should be used, whereas a metal with higher thermal conductivity than Nb should be used to conduct the heat to the cryocoolers. A standard 1.5 GHz bulk Nb single-cell cavity has been coated with a ~2 µm thick layer of Nb3Sn on the inner surface and with a 5 mm thick Cu layer on the outer surface for conduction cooled applications. The cavity performance has been measured at 4.3 K and 2.0 K in liquid He. The cavity reached a peak surface magnetic field of ~40 mT with a quality factor of 6×109 and 3.5×109 at 4.3 K, before and after applying the thick Cu layer, respectively.
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Trapped magnetic vortices are one of the leading sources of residual losses in SRF cavities. Mechanisms of flux pinning depend on the materials treatment and cool-down conditions. A magnetic field scanning system using flux-gate magnetometers and Hall probes has been designed and built to allow measuring the local magnetic field of trapped vortices normal to the outer surface of 1.3 GHz single-cell SRF cavities at cryogenic temperatures. Such system will allow inferring the key information about the distribution and magnitude of trapped flux in the SRF cavities for different material, surface preparations and cool-down conditions.
ODU, Norfolk, Virginia, USA
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
New potential applications of superconducting radio-frequency can be envisioned with conduction cooling of the cavities using cryocoolers. In this case, the total heat load to the cryocoolers have to be carefully managed to assure sufficient margin to operate the cavity at an acceptable accelerating gradient. The static and dynamic heat load from rf cables connected to the cavity can be a significant contribution to the total heat load. In this contribution we report the results from measurements of the temperature profile at 1.3 GHz for two low heat conductivity rf cables, as a function of the rf power and with one end of the cable in thermal contact with a liquid helium bath at 4.3 K. A parametric model of the two cables was developed with ANSYS to match the temperature profiles and calculate the heat load at the cold end of the cable.