Synchrotron radiation sources and free electron lasers
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TUXMH01 The European XFEL - Status and Commissioning 11
 
  • H. Weise
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  
  Funding: The European XFEL is funded by the respective funding agencies of the contributing countries.
The European X-ray Free Electron Laser* in Hamburg, Germany, is being constructed by an international consortium. The facility is being built to offer photon beam of highest brilliance at wavelengths down to below 1 Angstrom. The accelerator complex with all its sections, the injector, the 17.5 GeV superconducting linac, bunch compressors, beam distribution systems etc. was built under the leadership of DESY. Seventeen European research institutes contributed to the accelerator complex and to the comprehensive infrastructure. DESY coordinates the European XFEL Accelerator Consortium but also contributes with many accelerator components, and the technical equipment of buildings, with its associated general infrastructure. With the finishing of the accelerator installation in autumn 2016, the first cool-down of the superconducting linac was started. Commissioning is next with the goal to demonstrate first lasing in spring 2017. Users are expected to use the first photon beams in 2017. A project overview and the status will be given illustrating the success of the collaborative work.
* http://xfel.eu 		 
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TUXMH02 Novosibirsk Free Electron Laser: Terahertz and Infrared Coherent Radiation Source 16
 
  • N.A. Vinokurov, V.S. Arbuzov, K.N. Chernov, I.V. Davidyuk, O.I. Deichuli, E.N. Dementyev, B.A. Dovzhenko, Ya.V. Getmanov, Ya.I. Gorbachev, B.A. Knyazev, E.I. Kolobanov, A.A. Kondakov, V.R. Kozak, E.V. Kozyrev, S.A. Krutikhin, V.V. Kubarev, G.N. Kulipanov, E.A. Kuper, I.V. Kuptsov, G.Y. Kurkin, L.E. Medvedev, S.V. Motygin, V.N. Osipov, V.K. Ovchar, V.M. Petrov, A.M. Pilan, V.M. Popik, V.V. Repkov, T.V. Salikova, M.A. Scheglov, I.K. Sedlyarov, S.S. Serednyakov, O.A. Shevchenko, A.N. Skrinsky, S.V. Tararyshkin, V.G. Tcheskidov, A.G. Tribendis, P. Vobly, V. Volkov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • I.V. Davidyuk, Ya.V. Getmanov, B.A. Knyazev, E.V. Kozyrev, S.S. Serednyakov, N.A. Vinokurov
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • A.G. Tribendis
    NSTU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Funding: This work was supported by Russian Science Foundation (project N 14-50-00080).
High-power free electron laser (FEL) facility NovoFEL has been created at Budker INP. Its wavelength can be tuned over a wide range in terahertz and infrared spectrum regions. As a source of electron bunches this FEL uses multi-turn energy recovery linac which has five straight sections. Three sections are used for three FELs which operate in different wavelength ranges (the first one - 90-240 microns, the second - 37-80 microns and the third - 5-20 microns). The first and the second FELs were commissioned in 2003 and 2009 respectively. They operate for users now. The third FEL is installed on forth accelerator track which is the last one and electron energy is maximal here. It comprises three undulator sections and 40 m optical cavity. The first lasing of this FEL was obtained in summer, 2015. The radiation wavelength was 9 microns and average power was about 100 watts. The designed power is 1 kilowatt at repetition rate 3.75 MHz. Radiation of third FEL has been delivered to user stations recently. The third FEL commissioning results as well as current status of the first and second FELs and future development prospects are presented. 		 
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TUXMH03
 The Main Problems and Its Solutions in Modern SR Sources  
 
  • V. Korchuganov
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
  
  This report is an attempt to consider the basic accelerator problems arising in connection with the requirements of the SR experiment in modern synchrotron radiation sources based on electron storage rings, and the technological solutions available today.  
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TUCAMH01 Planar Superconducting Undulator With Neutral Poles 21
 
  • N.A. Mezentsev, S.V. Khrushchev, V.A. Shkaruba, V.M. Syrovatin, V.M. Tsukanov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Superconducting undulator with use of neutral poles was proposed in Budker INP. Period of the undulator is 15.6 mm. Pole gap and magnetic field are equal to 8 mm and 1.2 T correspondingly. A prototype of the undulator with 15 periods was fabricated and successfully tested. Calculations, design and test results of the prototype in the report are presented. The cryogenic and vacuum system of the undulator are discussed.  
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TUCBMH01 Status of the Kurchatov Synchrotron Light Source 27
 
  • A.G. Valentinov, A. Belkov, Y.A. Fomin, E.V. Kaportsev, V. Korchuganov, Y.V. Krylov, V.I. Moiseev, K. Moseev, N.I. Moseiko, D.G. Odintsov, S.G. Pesterev, A.S. Smygacheva, A.I. Stirin, V. Ushakov, V.L. Ushkov, A. Vernov
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
  
  The Kurchatov synchrotron light source operates in the range of synchrotron radiation from VUV up to hard X-ray. To improve facility capabilities in the last few years technical modernization of all facility systems is underway and new beam lines are constructed. In this report the present status and future plans of the Kurchatov synchrotron light source is presented.  
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TUPSA050 Electron Beam Stability in the Energy Recovery Linac for the Lithographic Free Electron Laser 319
 
  • Ya.V. Getmanov, O.A. Shevchenko, N.A. Vinokurov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • N.A. Vinokurov
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  According to microelectronic production leaders the lithography based on the free electron laser (FEL) could become the main technology for the elements mass production with scale to 5 nm in the nearest future. One of the main problem is the absence of the working FEL with required parameters. The feasibility study of those FEL based on superconducting energy-recovery linac (ERL) was made in Budker INP. The ERL average current is limited by longitudinal and transverse instabilities, caused by interaction between electron beam and its induced fields in the superconducting cavities. The estimations of the threshold currents and ERL parameters were made.  
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TUPSA051 Form-factor Determination of an Arbitrary Bunch Sequence for the Coherent Radiation Calculation 322
 
  • D.A. Shkitov, A.E. Harisova
    TPU, Tomsk, Russia
  
  It is well known that the coherent effect occur when charged particles in a bunch radiate in phase. This is accompanied by a quadratic increase in the radiation intensity and significantly influences the radiation spectrum. The coherent radiation is characterized by a form factor, which is the coefficient mainly depending on the ratio of bunch dimensions to the observed radiation wave length. The form factors will be different for the synchrotron and transition radiation because of their different nature of radiation. Now electron accelerators that produced beams with a sub-picosecond bunch length and a picosecond distance between them already exist. Through the appearance of interference between radiation from such a sequence of bunches, the total intensity is no longer equal to the sum of radiation from each bunches. For this reason, it is essential to determine the form factor of an arbitrary electron bunch sequence. Herein the uniform bunch distribution will be the special case. In this report we describe an approach to obtaining the form factor of the arbitrary bunch sequence.  
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TUPSA052 First Order Perturbation Theory Evaluation of Initial Stage of Self Amplified Crystal-Based X-Ray Emission 325
 
  • A.I. Benediktovitch
    BSU, Minsk, Belarus, Belarus
  
  X-ray Free Electron Lasers open new revolutionary opportunities for investigations in materials science, chemistry, biology and other areas. However, due to high cost of construction and maintain, the access to these facilities for wide scientific community is quite limited. This motivates search for schemes of compact bright x-ray sources. The size of X-ray Free Electron Lasers is dictated by basic properties of undulator radiation: to produce x-rays with Angstrom wavelength from cm period undulator one needs electrons with energy in GeV range. If one considers the radiation mechanisms accompanying the propagation of electron beam through a crystal structure (channeling radiation, parametric x-ray radiation, Cherenkov radiation near K-edge), one can see that to get photons in x-ray range one needs electrons with energy of tens to hundreds MeV. One of the ways to get bright x-ray source based on crystal-assisted radiation mechanisms is to run the electrons in coherent radiation regime based on self amplified spontaneous emission (SASE). In the present contribution we will discuss under which conditions the SASE can start in the case of crystal-assisted radiation mechanisms. To investigate the initial stage of SASE process we use the first-order perturbation theory that enables to describe the collective beam response as effective susceptibility. Based on this approach we will analyze which experimental geometry would promising for the SASE process onset.  
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TUPSA053
 Radiation from a Charge Moving Near a Cylindrical Grating  
 
  • A. Kotanjyan, A.A. Saharian
    YSU, Yerevan, Armenia
  
  We investigate the radiation from a charged particle rotating around/inside a cylindrical grating. The expressions are derived for the electric and magnetic fields and for the angular density of the spectral-angular distribution of the radiation intensity. Two types of the radiation processes are realized: synchrotron and Smith-Purcell radiations. Their relative contributions to the total radiation intensity are discussed in various asymptotic regions of the parameters describing the diffraction grating and for large harmonics. The region of the parameters is specified for which the interference effects between the synchrotron and Smith-Purcell radiation is essential.  
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TUPSA054
 The Test Results for the Prototype of Variable Period Undulator  
 
  • I.V. Davidyuk, O.A. Shevchenko, V.G. Tcheskidov, N.A. Vinokurov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  Funding: This work was supported by grant 14-12-00480 of the Russian Science Foundation.
The development of the permanent-magnet variable-period undulator (VPU) is aimed at improving the parameters of the Novosibirsk free electron laser (FEL). The key features of this design are the possibility of increasing the number of poles for shorter periods with constant undulator length and wider radiation wavelength tuning range as compared with conventional undulators. As the idea of the permanent-magnet VPU has not been properly tested yet, there are several issues to be solved before THE manufacture of the device. Two short prototypes of the VPU were made for the purpose of testing solutions to existing problems. We present here the results of mechanical and magnetic measurements of the undulator prototypes and compare the characteristics of the prototypes with those predicted by simulations. 		 
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TUPSA055
 Computer Code for Simulation of Wiggler Radiation Power Distributions  
 
  • N.V. Smolyakov
    NRC, Moscow, Russia
  
  Funding: Work supported by Ministry of Education and Science, agreement No. 14.587.21.0001, unique research identifier RFMEFI58714X0001
A computer code for simulation of spatial distributions of electromagnetic radiation power, which is generated by a relativistic electron beam in the external arbitrary magnetic field, is written. The calculations can be carried out, taking the real distributions of insertion device magnetic field into account as well as the real geometry of setup. The spatial distributions of power, generated by the electron beam in the superconducting 7.5 Tesla wiggler, which is installed in the Siberia-2 storage ring (Moscow, NRC Kurchatov Institute), are calculated. The electron beam emittance effects were also taken into account. The numerical results were compared with the correspondent distributions, obtained by means of the approximate analytical expressions. 		 
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TUPSA056
 Numerical Analysis of Electron Motion in Undulator Fields  
 
  • N.V. Smolyakov
    MIPT, Dolgoprudniy, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  Funding: Work supported by Ministry of Education and Science, agreement No. 14.587.21.0001, unique research identifier RFMEFI58714X0001
In this contribution we present an analysis of electron trajectories in the three dimensional magnetic field from a planar undulator. The electron trajectory is influenced by the focusing properties of the undulator field. In the European XFEL case, long segmented undulators (21 segments for the SASE3 beamline to 35 for SASE1 and SASE2) are planned to be installed, with quadrupole lenses between different segments. These focusing properties should be taken into account in simulations of spontaneous radiation, which constitutes the background signal of the FEL. The ideal magnetic field of an undulator can be described, in agreement with Maxwell equations, by a sinusoidal vertical magnetic field on the undulator axis, and by horizontal and longitudinal field components that appear out of axis. Exploiting this description for the ideal case, an experimentally measured magnetic field are accounted for by solving the differential equations of motion solved by means of a perturbation theory approach, and the corresponding expressions for the electrons velocities and trajectories are derived. The electrons trajectories for the experimentally measured magnetic field where also simulated numerically. To that aim, a computer code was written, which relies on the Runge-Kutta algorithm. The analytical and numerical methods could then be compared, showing a good agreement. 		 
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WEPSB029
 Simulation of Nonlinear Dynamics of Radiation Formed by High-Current Beams of Charged Particles in Multidimensional Space-Periodic Structures  
 
  • S.N. Sytova
    Belarussian State University, Scientific Research Institute of Nuclear Problems, Minsk, Belarus
  
  The principle of volume free electron lasers (VFEL) is based on the interaction of relativistic electron beam with two or more strong coupled electromagnetic waves generating in essentially non-one-dimensional geometry as a result of dynamical Bragg diffraction inside the resonator. Such resonator is a multidimensional space-periodic structure (natural or artificial electromagnetic (photonic) crystal). Previously VFEL were considered in various two- and three-wave diffraction geometries theoretically and experimentally. Here the general system of equations describing the various variants of multiple beam multi-wave VFEL is proposed. It takes into account multisection resonator, the dispersion of electromagnetic waves in the system, external reflectors etc. The mathematical modeling of two-beam two-wave VFEL was carried out using the proposed system of equations. It is shown that the change of current density of electron beams leads to change of VFEL chaotic dynamics and is one of the ways of chaos control in the system.  
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WEPSB031
 Connection of Betatron Oscillations with the Properties of Synchrotron Radiation  
 
  • O.E. Shishanin
    Moscow State Academy of Water Transport, Moscow, Russia
  
  The reason we study this topic, is that some properties of synchrotron radiation derived for a homogeneous magnetic field, are not consistent with the experimental data. Since the main source of synchrotron light are storage rings, the specifics of each machine in this case should be taken into account by its beta function. Vertical and radial small oscillations for the problem of radiation can be determined in the linear approximation but for the angular velocity necessary to maintain the guadratic terms. Following the Schwinger method we define the components of the linear polarization for the radiation intensity with the first quantum correction although in this case it is a small. After transfomations we obtain the genaral formulas for the spectral-angular distributions, depending on the axial velocity of the charged particle; moreover is considered the point in the orbit at which the radiation is removed. Found expressions, as in the experiments revealed that the radiation is not completely linearly polarized, and that one of the radiation components in the orbital plane does not vanish.  
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WEPSB032 Numerical Analysis of Cavity Mode Operation and Electron Beam Dynamics in Lebedev Institute Microtron 428
 
  • V.S. Dyubkov, Y.A. Bashmakov, Y. Lozeev
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • Y.A. Bashmakov
    LPI, Moscow, Russia
  
  Dynamics of electrons in classic microtron is studied. 3D cavity model is developed and electromagnetic field distribution is simulated. Dependence of output beam parameters on microtron operation mode is investigated and discussed.  
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WEPSB043
 Status of a THz source based on a FEL  
 
  • Y.J. Pei, G. Feng, X.Y. He, Y. Hong, G. Huang, D. Jia, K. Jin, P. Lu, L. Shang, B.G. Sun, Zh. X. Tang, W. Wei, K. Xuan, Z. Zhao
    USTC/NSRL, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
  • Q.S. Chen, M. Fan, T. Hu, B. Qin, P. Tan, Y.Q. Xiong
    HUST, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
  • G. Feng
    DESY, Hamburg, Germany
  • L.G. Shen
    USTC/PMPI, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
  • Zh. X. Tang
    DICP, Dalian, People's Republic of China
  
  Abstract THz wave have many special performances so that it will be applied in many field. So far there were many kind of THz Source, one of them is based on a FEL that can produce high power (~kW). This paper will describe the design of a THz source based on a FEL which is consists of a LINAC of 14MeV, undulator and a optical resonance cavities. The LINAC was composed of a novel EC-ITC-RF gun, constant gradient travelling wave accelerator with a collinear absorbing load, focusing system, RF power system, beam diagnostic system, vacuum system, control system and so on. The LINAC was installed on November of 2014. Last year, we finished the install of the undulator and the optical resonance cavities. Now the LINAC has been testing and commissioning for THz radiation test. So far, the beam parameters tested of the LINAC are as the following: beam Energy is of 13.58MeV, macro pulse current is of 655mA,μpulse beam current is of 30A, beam macro pulse length is of 1-2's, beam bunch length(μpulse) is of 8ps, energy spread of 0.33% , normal beam emmitance is of 24.1mm.mrad.  
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THPSC010 Magnetic Measurement System For The NICA Quadrupole Magnets 559
 
  • A.V. Shemchuk
    JINR/VBLHEP, Dubna, Moscow region, Russia
  • V.V. Borisov, A.V. Bychkov, A.M. Donyagin, O. Golubitsky, H.G. Khodzhibagiyan, S.A. Kostromin, M.M. Omelyanenko, M.M. Shandov
    JINR, Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
  
  NICA booster magnetic system consists of 40 dipole and 48 quadrupole superconducting magnets. Measurement of magnetic field parameters is assumed for each booster magnets. The booster quadrupole is 0.45 m-long, 47.5 mm pole radius magnet with design similar to the Nuclotron type quadrupole magnet. Focusing and defocusing quadrupole magnets are jointed in doublets. They will produce fields up to 21.5 T/m. Two magnetic measurements system with tangential and radial coils arrays were developed and produced. This paper describes the magnetic measurements methods as well as the first results of the magnetic measurements.  
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