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Higo, T.

Paper Title Page
TPPT009 High Gradient Study at KEK on X-Band Accelerator Structure for Linear Collider 1162
 
  • T. Higo, M. Akemoto, A. Enomoto, S. Fukuda, H. Hayano, N.K. Kudo, S.M. Matsumoto, T. Saeki, N. Terunuma, N. Toge, K.W. Watanabe
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • T.S. Suehara
    University of Tokyo, Tokyo
 
  We have fabricated accelerator structures for linear collider of the warm X-band design. These were composed of high-precision-machined parts for reliable wake-field suppression and possible cheap mass production. The structure design is mostly based on GLC/NLC design in collaboration with SLAC but the fabrication and the high-power test are being performed at KEK to conclude the feasibility, though the application to the present linear collider project was terminated. In this paper are presented the high gradient performance of these structures, such as the initial conditioning characteristics, the stability under high-field operation and various characteristics at high-gradient operation. We conclude that the stability requirement for the linear collider of the warm X-band design is barely satisfied but the preservation of the stability over very long period of more than several years is to be further studied.  
TPPT044 Beam Position Monitoring Using the HOM-Signals from a Damped and Detuned Accelerating Structure 2804
 
  • S. Doebert, C. Adolphsen, R.M. Jones, J.R. Lewandowski, Z. Li, M.T.F. Pivi, J.W. Wang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • T. Higo
    KEK, Ibaraki
 
  Funding: Work Supported by DOE Contract DE-AC02-76F00515.

The Next Linear Collider (NLC) and Global Linear Collider (GLC) designs require precision beam-to-accelerator-structure alignment to reduce the effect of short range wakefields. For this purpose, the HOM signals from the structure dipole mode damping ports would be used to determine the beam position in the structure, and then the structures would be moved remotely to center them about the beam (a 5 micron rms alignment is required). In 2000, a test of a 1.8 m prototype structure in the ASSET facility at SLAC achieved 11 micron rms centering accuracy, which was limited by systematic effects caused by beam jitter. This year, such measurements were repeated for a pair of shorter structures (60 cm) that were developed to improve high gradient performance. In addition, the beam position resolution was determined by measuring simultaneously three signal frequencies (14.3, 15, 15.7 GHz) corresponding to modes localized at the beginning, the middle and the end of the structures. In this paper, we present results from the beam centering and position resolution measurements.

 
WPAP019 X-Band Thermionic Cathode RF Gun at UTNL 1646
 
  • A. Fukasawa, F. Ebina, T. Kaneyasu, H. Ogino, F. Sakamoto, M. Uesaka
    UTNL, Ibaraki
  • M. Akemoto, H. Hayano, T. Higo, J.U. Urakawa
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • K. Dobashi
    NIRS, Chiba-shi
  • K.M. Matsuo, H. Sakae
    IHI/Yokohama, Kanagawa
 
  The X-band (11.424 GHz) linac for compact Compton scattering hard X-ray source are under construction at Nuclear Engineering Research Laboratory, University of Tokyo. This linac designed to accelerate up to 35 MeV, and this electron beam will be used to produce hard X-ray by colliding with laser. It consists of a thermionic cathode RF gun, an alpha magnet, and a traveling wave tube. The gun has 3.5 cells (unloaded Q is 8250) and will be operated at pi-mode. A dispenser cathode is introduced. Since the energy spread of the beam from the gun is predicted to be broad due to the continuous emission from the thermionic cathode, a slit is placed in the alpha magnet to eliminate low energy electrons. The simulation on the injector shows the beam energy 2.9 MeV, the charge 23 pC/bunch, and the emittance less than 10 mm.mrad. The experiment on the gun is planed in the beginning of 2005, and the details will be discussed on the spot.  
ROAC007 RF Breakdown in Normal Conducting Single-cell Structures 595
 
  • V.A. Dolgashev, C.D. Nantista, S.G. Tantawi
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • Y. Higashi, T. Higo
    KEK, Ibaraki
 
  Funding: Work supported by the U.S. Department of Energy contract DE-AC02-76SF00515.

Operating accelerating gradient in normal conducting accelerating structures is often limited by rf breakdown. The limit depends on multiple parameters, including input rf power, rf circuit, cavity shape and material. Experimental and theoretical study of the effects of these parameters on the breakdown limit in full scale structures is difficult and costly. We use 11.4 GHz single-cell traveling wave and standing wave accelerating structures for experiments and modeling of rf breakdown behavior. These test structures are designed so that the electromagnetic fields in one cell mimic the fields in prototype multicell structures for the X-band linear collider. Fields elsewhere in the test structures are significantly lower than that of the single cell. The setup uses matched mode converters that launch the circular TM01 mode into short test structures. The test structures are connected to the mode launchers with vacuum rf flanges. This setup allows economic testing of different cell geometries, cell materials and preparation techniques with short turn-around time. Simple 2D geometry of the test structures simplifies modeling of the breakdown currents and their thermal effects.

 
RPAP006 X-Band Linac Beam-Line for Medical Compton Scattering X-Ray Source 994
 
  • K. Dobashi
    NIRS, Chiba-shi
  • M. Akemoto, H. Hayano, T. Higo, J.U. Urakawa
    KEK, Ibaraki
  • F. Ebina, A. Fukasawa, T. Kaneyasu, H. Ogino, F. Sakamoto, M. Uesaka, Y. Yamamoto
    UTNL, Ibaraki
 
  Compton scattering hard X-ray source for 10~80 keV are under construction using the X-band (11.424 GHz) electron linear accelerator and YAG laser at Nuclear Engineering Research laboratory, University of Tokyo. This work is a part of the national project on the development of advanced compact medical accelerators in Japan. National Institute for Radiological Science is the host institute and U. Tokyo and KEK are working for the X-ray source. Main advantage is to produce tunable monochromatic hard ( 10-80 keV) X-rays with the intensities of 108-10 photons/s (at several stages) and the table-top size. Second important aspect is to reduce noise radiation at the beam dump by adopting the deceleration of electrons after the Compton scattering. The X-ray yield by the electron beam and Q-switch Nd:YAG laser of 2.5 J/10 ns is 107 photons/RF-pulse (108 photons/sec in 10 pps). X-band beam line for the demonstration is under commissioning. We also design to adopt a technique of laser circulation to increase the X-ray yield up to 109 photons/pulse (1010 photons/s). The construction of the whole system starts. X-ray generation and medical application will be performed in this year.  
ROAC004 High Gradient Performance of NLC/GLC X-Band Accelerating Structures 372
 
  • S. Doebert, C. Adolphsen, G.B. Bowden, D.L. Burke, J. Chan, V.A. Dolgashev, J.C. Frisch, R.K. Jobe, R.M. Jones, R.E. Kirby, J.R. Lewandowski, Z. Li, D.J. McCormick, R.H. Miller, C.D. Nantista, J. Nelson, C. Pearson, M.C. Ross, D.C. Schultz, T.J. Smith, S.G. Tantawi, J.W. Wang
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California
  • T.T. Arkan, C. Boffo, H. Carter, I.G. Gonin, T.K. Khabiboulline, S.C. Mishra, G. Romanov, N. Solyak
    Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois
  • Y. Funahashi, H. Hayano, N. Higashi, Y. Higashi, T. Higo, H. Kawamata, T. Kume, Y. Morozumi, K. Takata, T. T. Takatomi, N. Toge, K. Ueno, Y. Watanabe
    KEK, Ibaraki
 
  Funding: Work Supported by DOE Contract DE-AC02-76F00515.

During the past five years, there has been an concerted effort at FNAL, KEK and SLAC to develop accelerator structures that meet the high gradient performance requirements for the Next Linear Collider (NLC) and Global Linear Collider (GLC) initiatives. The structure that resulted is a 60-cm-long, traveling-wave design with low group velocity (< 4% c) and a 150 degree phase advance per cell. It has an average iris size that produces an acceptable short-range wakefield in the linacs, and dipole mode damping and detuning that adequately suppresses the long-range wakefield. More than eight such structures have operated over 1000 hours at a 60 Hz pulse rate at the design gradient (65 MV/m) and pulse length (400 ns), and have reached breakdown rate levels below the limit for the linear collider. Moreover, the structures are robust in that the breakdown rates continue to decrease over time, and if the structures are briefly exposed to air, the rates recover to their low values within a few days. This paper presents a final summary of the results from this program, which effectively ended last August with the selection of ‘cold’ technology for a next generation linear collider.