IPAC2022 - List of Authors (Holmes, D.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPOTK060	An Induction-Type Septum Magnet for the EIC Complex	603
	N. Tsoupas, D. Holmes, C. Liu, I. Marneris, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, J.E. Tuozzolo BNL, Upton, New York, USA B. Bhandari Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The electron Ion Collider (eIC) project* has been approved by the Department of Energy to be built at the site of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Part of the eIC accelerator complex and more specifically the Rapid Cycling Syncrotron (RCS) which accelerates the electron beam up to 18 GeV and the electron Storage Ring (eSR) which stores the electron beam bunces for collisions with the hadrons, will be built inside the tunnel of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). This paper provides information on the electromagnetic design of the septa magnets which will be employed to inject and extract the beam to and from the two synchrotrons used for the acceleration and storage of the electron beam bunches. The type of the septum is of induction type made o laminated iron and it is similar to the one described in ref.[3] The electromagnetic study is performed by the use of the transient module of the OPERA computer code. https://ww.bnl.gov/eic/ A. Zhuravlev, et al. PIPAC2013, Shanghai, China * https://www.3ds.com/products-services/simulia/products/opera/
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK060
About •	Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPOTK040	Design of the Electron Ion Collider Electron Storage Ring SRF Cavity	1307
	J. Guo, E. Daly, J. Henry, J. Matalevich, G.-T. Park, R.A. Rimmer, H. Wang, S. Wang JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA D. Holmes, K.S. Smith, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177 The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory is a high luminosity collider as the next major research facility for the nuclear physics community. Among the numerous RF subsystems in the EIC, the electron storage ring (ESR) fundamental RF cavities system is one of the most challenging. This system will handle a high beam current of up to 2.5 A and replenish up to 10 MW of beam power losses from synchrotron radiation and HOM. Variable coupling is required in the cavities due to the wide range of required total RF voltage and beam current combinations. In this paper, we will present the status of the design and future plans.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK040
About •	Received ※ 16 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022
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WEIXGD1	EIC Beam Dynamics Challenges	1576
	D. Xu, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, W.F. Bergan, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, D.M. Gassner, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, G.J. Mahler, D. Marx, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, M.P. Sangroula, S. Seletskiy, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.V. Benson, B.R. Gamage, J.M. Grames, T.J. Michalski, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer JLab, Newport News, USA A. Blednykh, Y. Luo, B. Podobedov, S. Verdú-Andrés Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	The Electron Ion Collider aims to produce luminosities of 10³⁴ cm^-2s^-1 . The machine will operate over a broad range of collision energies with highly polarized beams. The coexistence of highly radiative electrons and nonradiative ions produce a host of unique effects. Strong hadron cooling will be employed for the final factor of 3 luminosity boost.
	Slides WEIXGD1 [3.952 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEIXGD1
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
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WEPOPT034	Reconfiguration of RHIC Straight Sections for the EIC	1916
	C. Liu, J.S. Berg, D. Bruno, C. Cullen, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Valette, S. Verdú-Andrés, D. Weiss, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA B. Bhandari, F. Micolon, N. Tsoupas Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA B.R. Gamage, T. Satogata, W. Wittmer JLab, Newport News, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will be built in the existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) tunnel with the addition of electron acceleration and storage rings. The two RHIC rings will be reconfigured as a single Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) for accelerating and storing ion beams. The proton beam energy will be raised from 255 to 275 GeV to achieve the desired center-of-mass energy range: 20’140 GeV. It is also mandatory to operate the HSR with a constant revolution frequency over a large energy range (41’275 GeV for protons) to synchronize with the Electron Storage Ring (ESR). These and other requirements/challenges dictate modifications to RHIC accelerators. This report gives an overview of the modifications to the RHIC straight sections together with their individual challenges.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT034
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
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WEPOPT035	Optics for Strong Hadron Cooling in EIC HSR-IR2	1920
	S. Peggs, W.F. Bergan, D. Bruno, Y. Gao, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, G.J. Mahler, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.V. Benson, T.J. Michalski JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA F. Micolon Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC001 2704, and by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. Insertion Region 2 (IR2) of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider will be modified to accommodate a Strong Hadron Cooling facility in the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). This paper describes the current proof-of-principle design of HSR-IR2 - layout, optical performance, design methodology, and engineering requirements. It also describes the challenges and opportunities in the future development of the HSR-IR2 design, in order to further optimize Strong Hadron Cooling performance.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT035
About •	Received ※ 02 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 18 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
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WEPOPT044	Electron-Ion Collider Design Status	1954
	C. Montag, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, J.P. Jamilkowski, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, G.J. Mahler, D. Marx, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, M.P. Sangroula, S. Seletskiy, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, D. Xu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.V. Benson, B.R. Gamage, J.M. Grames, T.J. Michalski, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer JLab, Newport News, USA A. Blednykh, D.M. Gassner, B. Podobedov, S. Verdú-Andrés Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA F. Lin, V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA M.G. Signorelli Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported under Contract No. DE-SC0012704, Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, and Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is being designed for construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Activities have been focused on beam-beam simulations, polarization studies, and beam dynamics, as well as on maturing the layout and lattice design of the constituent accelerators and the interaction region. The latest design advances will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT044
About •	Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
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WEPOPT047	Beam Optics of the Injection/Extraction and Beam Transfer in the Electron Rings of the EIC Project	1964
	N. Tsoupas, D. Holmes, C. Liu, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, J. Skaritka, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, F.J. Willeke BNL, Upton, New York, USA B. Bhandari Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) project* has been approved by the Department of Energy to be built at the site of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The goal of the project is the collision of energetic (of many GeV/amu) ion species with electron bunches of energies up to 18 GeV. The EIC includes two electron rings, the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) which accelerates the electron beam up to 18 GeV, and the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) which stores the electron beam for collisions with hadron beam, both to be installed in the same tunnel as the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR). This paper discusses the layout and the beam optics of the injection/extraction beam lines the electron rings and the beam optics of the transfer line from the RCS to the ESR ring. * https://www.bnl.gov/eic/
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT047
About •	Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
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WEPOPT049	Beam-Beam Interaction for Tilted Storage Rings	1968
	D. Xu, D. Holmes, C. Montag, F.J. Willeke BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Hao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA Y. Luo Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	In the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) design, to avoid vertical orbit bumps in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) at some crossing points with Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) to preserve the electron polarization, we plan to tilt the ESR plane by 200 ’rad with an axis connecting IP6 and IP8. In this article, we study the beam-beam interaction when two rings are not in the same plane. The Lorentz boost formula is derived and the required vertical crabbing strength is calculated to compensate the dynamic effect The strong-strong simulations are performed to validate the theory.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT049
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
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WEPOTK014	Hadron Storage Ring 4 O’clock Injection Design and Optics for the Electron-Ion Collider	2068
	H. Lovelace III, J.S. Berg, D. Bruno, C. Cullen, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, C. Liu, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Valette, D. Weiss BNL, Upton, New York, USA B. Bhandari, F. Micolon, N. Tsoupas, S. Verdú-Andrés Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA B.R. Gamage, T. Satogata, W. Wittmer JLab, Newport News, USA
	The Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will accelerate protons and heavy ions up to a proton energy of 275 GeV and an Au⁺⁷⁹ 110 GeV/u to collide with electrons of energies up to 18 GeV. To accomplish the acceleration process, the hadrons are pre-accelerated in the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS), extracted, and transferred to HSR for injection. The planned area for injection is the current Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) 4 o’clock straight section. To inject hadrons, a series of modifications must be made to the existing RHIC 4 o’clock straight section to accommodate for the 20 new ~18 ns injection kickers and a new injection septum, while providing sufficient space and proper beam conditions for polarimetry equipment. These modifications will be discussed in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK014
About •	Received ※ 02 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
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WEPOTK015	The Electron-Ion Collider Hadron Storage Ring 10 O’clock Switchyard Design	2071
	H. Lovelace III, J.S. Berg, D. Bruno, C. Cullen, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, C. Liu, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Valette, D. Weiss BNL, Upton, New York, USA B. Bhandari, F. Micolon, S. Verdú-Andrés Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA T. Satogata, W. Wittmer JLab, Newport News, USA
	The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) will be composed of the current Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) yellow ring sextants with the exception of the 1 o’clock and the 11 o’clock arc. These two arcs use the existing blue ring inner (1 o’clock) and outer (11 o’clock) magnetic lattice for 275 GeV proton operation. The inner yellow 11 o’clock arc is used for 41 GeV energy operation. A switching magnet must be used to guide the hadron beam from the low and high energy arc respectively into the shared arc. This report provides the necessary lattice configuration, magnetic fields, and optics for the 10 o’clock utility straight section (USS) switchyard for both high and low energy configuration while providing the necessary space allocations and beam specifications for accelerator systems such as an additional radiofrequency cavity and beam dump.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK015
About •	Received ※ 01 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022
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WEPOTK035	Layout of the 12 O’clock Collimation Straight Section for the EIC Hadron Storage Ring	2142
	G. Robert-Demolaize, J.S. Berg, K.A. Drees, D. Holmes, H. Lovelace III, S. Peggs, M. Valette BNL, Upton, New York, USA B. Bhandari Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-SC0012704. The design of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) calls for using parts of both of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) Blue and Yellow beamlines. With the HSR having to circulate low (41 GeV) and high (100+ GeV) energy hadron beams while matching the time of flight in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR), it becomes necessary for the ring lattice to switch from an outer arc to an inner arc in order to accommodate for the change in circumference. To do so, a switchyard is planned for installation in the HSR straight section at 12 o’clock with the other switchyard being placed in the straight section immediately downstream, 10 o’clock. The 12 o’clock straight section is simultaneously dedicated to the EIC 2-stage collimation system. The following reviews the layout constraints in the12 o’clock straight section that come with installing such a switchyard, along with the implications on the linear optics for that straight section at all HSR rigidities. The space allocation, twiss parameters and the mechanical requirements of the HSR betatron collimators that will be installed in this section are also discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK035
About •	Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
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Paper

Title

Page

An Induction-Type Septum Magnet for the EIC Complex

603

N. Tsoupas, D. Holmes, C. Liu, I. Marneris, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, J.E. Tuozzolo
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B. Bhandari
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The electron Ion Collider (eIC) project* has been approved by the Department of Energy to be built at the site of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). Part of the eIC accelerator complex and more specifically the Rapid Cycling Syncrotron (RCS) which accelerates the electron beam up to 18 GeV and the electron Storage Ring (eSR) which stores the electron beam bunces for collisions with the hadrons, will be built inside the tunnel of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC)**. This paper provides information on the electromagnetic design of the septa magnets which will be employed to inject and extract the beam to and from the two synchrotrons used for the acceleration and storage of the electron beam bunches. The type of the septum is of induction type made o laminated iron and it is similar to the one described in ref.[3] The electromagnetic study is performed by the use of the transient module of the OPERA computer code***.
* https://ww.bnl.gov/eic/
** A. Zhuravlev, et al. PIPAC2013, Shanghai, China
*** https://www.3ds.com/products-services/simulia/products/opera/

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-MOPOTK060

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Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022

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TUPOTK040

Design of the Electron Ion Collider Electron Storage Ring SRF Cavity

1307

J. Guo, E. Daly, J. Henry, J. Matalevich, G.-T. Park, R.A. Rimmer, H. Wang, S. Wang
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
D. Holmes, K.S. Smith, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177
The Electron Ion Collider (EIC) under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory is a high luminosity collider as the next major research facility for the nuclear physics community. Among the numerous RF subsystems in the EIC, the electron storage ring (ESR) fundamental RF cavities system is one of the most challenging. This system will handle a high beam current of up to 2.5 A and replenish up to 10 MW of beam power losses from synchrotron radiation and HOM. Variable coupling is required in the cavities due to the wide range of required total RF voltage and beam current combinations. In this paper, we will present the status of the design and future plans.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOTK040

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Received ※ 16 June 2022 — Revised ※ 11 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 23 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 28 June 2022

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WEIXGD1

EIC Beam Dynamics Challenges

1576

D. Xu, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, W.F. Bergan, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, D.M. Gassner, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, G.J. Mahler, D. Marx, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, M.P. Sangroula, S. Seletskiy, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.V. Benson, B.R. Gamage, J.M. Grames, T.J. Michalski, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer
JLab, Newport News, USA
A. Blednykh, Y. Luo, B. Podobedov, S. Verdú-Andrés
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

The Electron Ion Collider aims to produce luminosities of 10³⁴ cm^-2s^-1 . The machine will operate over a broad range of collision energies with highly polarized beams. The coexistence of highly radiative electrons and nonradiative ions produce a host of unique effects. Strong hadron cooling will be employed for the final factor of 3 luminosity boost.

Slides WEIXGD1 [3.952 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEIXGD1

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022

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WEPOPT034

Reconfiguration of RHIC Straight Sections for the EIC

1916

C. Liu, J.S. Berg, D. Bruno, C. Cullen, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Valette, S. Verdú-Andrés, D. Weiss, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B. Bhandari, F. Micolon, N. Tsoupas
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
B.R. Gamage, T. Satogata, W. Wittmer
JLab, Newport News, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will be built in the existing Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) tunnel with the addition of electron acceleration and storage rings. The two RHIC rings will be reconfigured as a single Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) for accelerating and storing ion beams. The proton beam energy will be raised from 255 to 275 GeV to achieve the desired center-of-mass energy range: 20’140 GeV. It is also mandatory to operate the HSR with a constant revolution frequency over a large energy range (41’275 GeV for protons) to synchronize with the Electron Storage Ring (ESR). These and other requirements/challenges dictate modifications to RHIC accelerators. This report gives an overview of the modifications to the RHIC straight sections together with their individual challenges.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT034

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Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022

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WEPOPT035

Optics for Strong Hadron Cooling in EIC HSR-IR2

1920

S. Peggs, W.F. Bergan, D. Bruno, Y. Gao, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, G.J. Mahler, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.V. Benson, T.J. Michalski
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
F. Micolon
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC001 2704, and by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
Insertion Region 2 (IR2) of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider will be modified to accommodate a Strong Hadron Cooling facility in the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC). This paper describes the current proof-of-principle design of HSR-IR2 - layout, optical performance, design methodology, and engineering requirements. It also describes the challenges and opportunities in the future development of the HSR-IR2 design, in order to further optimize Strong Hadron Cooling performance.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT035

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Received ※ 02 June 2022 — Revised ※ 16 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 18 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022

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WEPOPT044

Electron-Ion Collider Design Status

1954

C. Montag, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, J.P. Jamilkowski, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, Y. Luo, G.J. Mahler, D. Marx, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, M.P. Sangroula, S. Seletskiy, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, D. Xu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.V. Benson, B.R. Gamage, J.M. Grames, T.J. Michalski, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer
JLab, Newport News, USA
A. Blednykh, D.M. Gassner, B. Podobedov, S. Verdú-Andrés
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
F. Lin, V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
M.G. Signorelli
Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported under Contract No. DE-SC0012704, Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177, Contract No. DE-AC05-00OR22725, and Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) is being designed for construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory. Activities have been focused on beam-beam simulations, polarization studies, and beam dynamics, as well as on maturing the layout and lattice design of the constituent accelerators and the interaction region. The latest design advances will be presented.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT044

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Received ※ 03 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022

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WEPOPT047

Beam Optics of the Injection/Extraction and Beam Transfer in the Electron Rings of the EIC Project

1964

N. Tsoupas, D. Holmes, C. Liu, C. Montag, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, J. Skaritka, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, F.J. Willeke
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B. Bhandari
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) project* has been approved by the Department of Energy to be built at the site of Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL). The goal of the project is the collision of energetic (of many GeV/amu) ion species with electron bunches of energies up to 18 GeV. The EIC includes two electron rings, the Rapid Cycling Synchrotron (RCS) which accelerates the electron beam up to 18 GeV, and the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) which stores the electron beam for collisions with hadron beam, both to be installed in the same tunnel as the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR). This paper discusses the layout and the beam optics of the injection/extraction beam lines the electron rings and the beam optics of the transfer line from the RCS to the ESR ring.
* https://www.bnl.gov/eic/

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT047

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Received ※ 05 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 14 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022

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WEPOPT049

Beam-Beam Interaction for Tilted Storage Rings

1968

D. Xu, D. Holmes, C. Montag, F.J. Willeke
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Hao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
Y. Luo
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

In the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) design, to avoid vertical orbit bumps in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) at some crossing points with Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) to preserve the electron polarization, we plan to tilt the ESR plane by 200 ’rad with an axis connecting IP6 and IP8. In this article, we study the beam-beam interaction when two rings are not in the same plane. The Lorentz boost formula is derived and the required vertical crabbing strength is calculated to compensate the dynamic effect The strong-strong simulations are performed to validate the theory.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT049

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Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022

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WEPOTK014

Hadron Storage Ring 4 O’clock Injection Design and Optics for the Electron-Ion Collider

2068

H. Lovelace III, J.S. Berg, D. Bruno, C. Cullen, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, C. Liu, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Valette, D. Weiss
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B. Bhandari, F. Micolon, N. Tsoupas, S. Verdú-Andrés
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
B.R. Gamage, T. Satogata, W. Wittmer
JLab, Newport News, USA

The Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) will accelerate protons and heavy ions up to a proton energy of 275 GeV and an Au⁺⁷⁹ 110 GeV/u to collide with electrons of energies up to 18 GeV. To accomplish the acceleration process, the hadrons are pre-accelerated in the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS), extracted, and transferred to HSR for injection. The planned area for injection is the current Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) 4 o’clock straight section. To inject hadrons, a series of modifications must be made to the existing RHIC 4 o’clock straight section to accommodate for the 20 new ~18 ns injection kickers and a new injection septum, while providing sufficient space and proper beam conditions for polarimetry equipment. These modifications will be discussed in this paper.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK014

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Received ※ 02 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022

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WEPOTK015

The Electron-Ion Collider Hadron Storage Ring 10 O’clock Switchyard Design

2071

H. Lovelace III, J.S. Berg, D. Bruno, C. Cullen, K.A. Drees, W. Fischer, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, D. Holmes, R.F. Lambiase, C. Liu, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, G. Robert-Demolaize, R. Than, J.E. Tuozzolo, M. Valette, D. Weiss
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B. Bhandari, F. Micolon, S. Verdú-Andrés
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
T. Satogata, W. Wittmer
JLab, Newport News, USA

The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) will be composed of the current Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) yellow ring sextants with the exception of the 1 o’clock and the 11 o’clock arc. These two arcs use the existing blue ring inner (1 o’clock) and outer (11 o’clock) magnetic lattice for 275 GeV proton operation. The inner yellow 11 o’clock arc is used for 41 GeV energy operation. A switching magnet must be used to guide the hadron beam from the low and high energy arc respectively into the shared arc. This report provides the necessary lattice configuration, magnetic fields, and optics for the 10 o’clock utility straight section (USS) switchyard for both high and low energy configuration while providing the necessary space allocations and beam specifications for accelerator systems such as an additional radiofrequency cavity and beam dump.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK015

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Received ※ 01 June 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 26 June 2022

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WEPOTK035

Layout of the 12 O’clock Collimation Straight Section for the EIC Hadron Storage Ring

2142

G. Robert-Demolaize, J.S. Berg, K.A. Drees, D. Holmes, H. Lovelace III, S. Peggs, M. Valette
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B. Bhandari
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by the US Department of Energy under contract No. DE-SC0012704.
The design of the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) calls for using parts of both of the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) Blue and Yellow beamlines. With the HSR having to circulate low (41 GeV) and high (100+ GeV) energy hadron beams while matching the time of flight in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR), it becomes necessary for the ring lattice to switch from an outer arc to an inner arc in order to accommodate for the change in circumference. To do so, a switchyard is planned for installation in the HSR straight section at 12 o’clock with the other switchyard being placed in the straight section immediately downstream, 10 o’clock. The 12 o’clock straight section is simultaneously dedicated to the EIC 2-stage collimation system. The following reviews the layout constraints in the12 o’clock straight section that come with installing such a switchyard, along with the implications on the linear optics for that straight section at all HSR rigidities. The space allocation, twiss parameters and the mechanical requirements of the HSR betatron collimators that will be installed in this section are also discussed.

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOTK035

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Received ※ 07 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022

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