ECRIS2020 - List of Authors (Galatà, A.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOYZO01	Imaging in X-ray Ranges to Locally Investigate the Effect of the Two-Close-Frequency Heating in ECRIS Plasmas	27
	R. Rácz, S. Biri, Z. Perduk Atomki, Debrecen, Hungary G. Castro, L. Celona, S. Gammino, D. Mascali, M. Mazzaglia, E. Naselli, G. Torrisi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy A. Galatà INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy E. Naselli Catania University, Catania, Italy J. Pálinkás University Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
	Plasma instabilities limit the ECR Ion Sources performances in terms of flux of the extracted highly charged ions by causing beam ripple and unstable operation conditions. In a 14 GHz ECRIS (Atomki, Debrecen), the effect on the plasma instabilities in an Argon plasma at Two Close Frequencies heating scheme (the frequency gap is smaller than 1 GHz) has been explored. A special multi-diagnostic setup [1, 2] has been designed and implemented consisting of detectors for the simultaneous collection of plasma radio-self-emission and of high spatial resolution X-ray images in the 500 eV - 20 keV energy domain (using an X-ray pin-hole camera setup). We present the comparison of plasma structural changes as observed from X-ray images in single and double-frequency operations. The latter has been particularly correlated to the confinement and velocity anisotropy, also by considering results coming from numerical simulations. [1] S. Biri et al. Journal of Instrumentation 13(11):C11016 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/13/11/C11016 [2] E. Naselli et. al. Journal of Instrumentation 14(10):C10008 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/C10008
	Slides MOYZO01 [7.325 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-MOYZO01
About •	Received ※ 25 September 2020 — Revised ※ 11 November 2020 — Accepted ※ 17 December 2020 — Issue date ※ 24 January 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOYZO02	High Resolution X-ray Imaging as a Powerful Diagnostics Tool to Investigate ECRIS Plasma Structure and Confinement Dynamics	32
	E. Naselli, G. Castro, L. Celona, S. Gammino, D. Mascali, M. Mazzaglia, G. Torrisi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy S. Biri, Z. Perduk, R. Rácz Atomki, Debrecen, Hungary A. Galatà INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy E. Naselli Catania University, Catania, Italy J. Pálinkás DU, Debrecen, Hungary
	High resolution spatially-resolved X-ray spectroscopy, by means of a X-ray pin-hole camera setup* ** operating in the 0.5-20 keV energy domain, is a very powerful method for ECRIS plasma structure evaluation. We present the setup installed at a 14 GHz ECRIS (ATOMKI, Debrecen), including a multi-layered collimator enabling measurements up to several hundreds of watts of RF pumping power and the achieved spatial and energy resolution (0.5 mm and 300 eV). Results coming by a new algorithm for analyzing Integrated (multi-events detection) and Photon-Counted images (single-event detection) to perform energy-resolved investigation will be described. The analysis permits to investigate High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) and spectrally resolved images, to study the effect of the axial and radial confinement (even separately), the plasma radius, the fluxes of deconfined electrons distinguishing fluorescence lines of the materials of the plasma chamber (Ti, Ta) from plasma (Ar) fluorescence lines. This method allows a detailed characterization of warm electrons, important for ionization, and to quantitatively estimate local plasma density and spectral temperature pixel-by-pixel. S. Biri et al., JINST 13(11):C11016-C11016, DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/13/11/C11016 *E. Naselli et al., JINST 14(10):C10008-C10008, DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/C10008
	Slides MOYZO02 [26.629 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-MOYZO02
About •	Received ※ 27 September 2020 — Revised ※ 02 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 18 November 2020 — Issue date ※ 17 December 2020
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUYZO01	Advancements in Self-Consistent Modeling of Time- and Space-Dependent Phenomena in ECRIS Plasma	78
	A. Pidatella, D. Mascali, B. Mishra, E. Naselli, G. Torrisi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy A. Galatà INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy E. Naselli Catania University, Catania, Italy
	Resonant interaction with microwave radiation in ECRIS plasma leads to a strongly anisotropic electron energy distribution function (EEDF), given as a combination of two to three electron populations, with anisotropy that might trigger kinetic instabilities. At the INFN, further efforts have been paid to improve and update self-consistent 3D numerical codes for plasma electrons kinetics. Progresses have opened several perspectives. It is now possible to derive a space-resolved EEDF, providing local information on electron properties. Also, the code has been updated to provide reaction rates of electromagnetic emissions, including X-ray fluorescence. Estimates of the local ion charge state distribution is potentially possible, and first evaluations are ongoing. Dealing with fast-transient mechanisms, such as electromagnetic emission via the electron-cyclotron MASER instability, the code is now updated for locally evaluating the EEDF anisotropy. We will present the collected results, which we believe to have a relevant impact both on the ECRIS plasma physics and on the INFN’s PANDORA project that plans to use ECR plasmas for fundamental studies in Nuclear and AstroNuclear Physics.
	Slides TUYZO01 [25.158 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-TUYZO01
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 03 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 21 November 2020 — Issue date ※ 01 December 2020
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUYZO03	Electromagnetic Simulation of "plasma-shaped" Plasma Chamber for Innovative ECRIS	90
	G.S. Mauro, O. Leonardi, D. Mascali, A. Pidatella, F. Russo, G. Sorbello, G. Torrisi INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy A. Galatà, C.S. Gallo INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy C.S. Gallo UNIFE, Ferrara, Italy G. Sorbello University of Catania, Catania, Italy
	The plasma chamber and injection system design play a fundamental role in ECRISs with the aim to obtain an optimized electromagnetic field configuration able to generate and sustain a plasma with a high energy content. In this work we present the numerical study and the design of an unconventionally-shaped cavity resonator* that possesses some key advantages with respect to the standard cylindrical cavities, usually adopted in ion sources setups. The cavity geometry, whose design has been completed on January 2020, has been inspired by the typical star-shaped ECR plasma, determined by the magnetic field structure. The chamber has been designed by using the commercial softwares CST and COMSOL, with the aim to maximize the on-axis electric field. Moreover, a radically innovative microwaves injection system, consisting in side-coupled slotted waveguides, has been implemented, allowing a better power coupling and a more symmetric power distribution inside the cavity with respect to the standard rectangular waveguides. This new ’plasma-shaped oriented’ design could relevantly improve the performances of the ECRISs while making more compact the overall setup. *This work has been carried out within the Grant 73/IRIS project, supported by INFN (Italian patent pending n. 102020000001756).
	Slides TUYZO03 [5.119 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-TUYZO03
About •	Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 05 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 18 May 2021 — Issue date ※ 10 December 2021
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEZZO02	Contaminants Reduction in ECR Charge Breeders by LNL LPSC GANIL Collaboration	151
	J. Angot, M.A. Baylac, M. Migliore, P. Sole, T. Thuillier LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France A. Galatà INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy L. Maunoury GANIL, Caen, France
	Contaminants reduction in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Charge Breeders (ECRCB) is a key point for the future experiments foreseen at LNL and GANIL Isotope Separation On Line (ISOL) facilities. According to the mass separator resolution set downstream the ECRCB, the radioactive ion beam study can be challenged in case of low production rate. An ongoing collaboration between LNL, LPSC and GANIL laboratories aims to improve the beam purity, acting on all the pollutant causes. Comparative experiments will be done at LPSC using different techniques, like covering the plasma chamber wall with liners of different materials. Different configurations of the ECRCB will also be tested, with the enhancement of the efficiency and charge breeding time parameters as additional objectives. A presentation of this program is proposed together with the recent upgrade of the LPSC 1+N+ test bench, with the aim to improve the vacuum quality.
	Slides WEZZO02 [1.915 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEZZO02
About •	Received ※ 29 September 2020 — Revised ※ 01 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 15 October 2020 — Issue date ※ 04 November 2020
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Imaging in X-ray Ranges to Locally Investigate the Effect of the Two-Close-Frequency Heating in ECRIS Plasmas

27

R. Rácz, S. Biri, Z. Perduk
Atomki, Debrecen, Hungary
G. Castro, L. Celona, S. Gammino, D. Mascali, M. Mazzaglia, E. Naselli, G. Torrisi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
A. Galatà
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
E. Naselli
Catania University, Catania, Italy
J. Pálinkás
University Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary

Plasma instabilities limit the ECR Ion Sources performances in terms of flux of the extracted highly charged ions by causing beam ripple and unstable operation conditions. In a 14 GHz ECRIS (Atomki, Debrecen), the effect on the plasma instabilities in an Argon plasma at Two Close Frequencies heating scheme (the frequency gap is smaller than 1 GHz) has been explored. A special multi-diagnostic setup [1, 2] has been designed and implemented consisting of detectors for the simultaneous collection of plasma radio-self-emission and of high spatial resolution X-ray images in the 500 eV - 20 keV energy domain (using an X-ray pin-hole camera setup). We present the comparison of plasma structural changes as observed from X-ray images in single and double-frequency operations. The latter has been particularly correlated to the confinement and velocity anisotropy, also by considering results coming from numerical simulations.
[1] S. Biri et al. Journal of Instrumentation 13(11):C11016 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/13/11/C11016
[2] E. Naselli et. al. Journal of Instrumentation 14(10):C10008 DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/C10008

Slides MOYZO01 [7.325 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-MOYZO01

About •

Received ※ 25 September 2020 — Revised ※ 11 November 2020 — Accepted ※ 17 December 2020 — Issue date ※ 24 January 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOYZO02

High Resolution X-ray Imaging as a Powerful Diagnostics Tool to Investigate ECRIS Plasma Structure and Confinement Dynamics

32

E. Naselli, G. Castro, L. Celona, S. Gammino, D. Mascali, M. Mazzaglia, G. Torrisi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
S. Biri, Z. Perduk, R. Rácz
Atomki, Debrecen, Hungary
A. Galatà
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
E. Naselli
Catania University, Catania, Italy
J. Pálinkás
DU, Debrecen, Hungary

High resolution spatially-resolved X-ray spectroscopy, by means of a X-ray pin-hole camera setup* ** operating in the 0.5-20 keV energy domain, is a very powerful method for ECRIS plasma structure evaluation. We present the setup installed at a 14 GHz ECRIS (ATOMKI, Debrecen), including a multi-layered collimator enabling measurements up to several hundreds of watts of RF pumping power and the achieved spatial and energy resolution (0.5 mm and 300 eV). Results coming by a new algorithm for analyzing Integrated (multi-events detection) and Photon-Counted images (single-event detection) to perform energy-resolved investigation will be described. The analysis permits to investigate High-Dynamic-Range (HDR) and spectrally resolved images, to study the effect of the axial and radial confinement (even separately), the plasma radius, the fluxes of deconfined electrons distinguishing fluorescence lines of the materials of the plasma chamber (Ti, Ta) from plasma (Ar) fluorescence lines. This method allows a detailed characterization of warm electrons, important for ionization, and to quantitatively estimate local plasma density and spectral temperature pixel-by-pixel.
*S. Biri et al., JINST 13(11):C11016-C11016, DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/13/11/C11016
**E. Naselli et al., JINST 14(10):C10008-C10008, DOI:10.1088/1748-0221/14/10/C10008

Slides MOYZO02 [26.629 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-MOYZO02

About •

Received ※ 27 September 2020 — Revised ※ 02 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 18 November 2020 — Issue date ※ 17 December 2020

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUYZO01

Advancements in Self-Consistent Modeling of Time- and Space-Dependent Phenomena in ECRIS Plasma

78

A. Pidatella, D. Mascali, B. Mishra, E. Naselli, G. Torrisi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
A. Galatà
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
E. Naselli
Catania University, Catania, Italy

Resonant interaction with microwave radiation in ECRIS plasma leads to a strongly anisotropic electron energy distribution function (EEDF), given as a combination of two to three electron populations, with anisotropy that might trigger kinetic instabilities. At the INFN, further efforts have been paid to improve and update self-consistent 3D numerical codes for plasma electrons kinetics. Progresses have opened several perspectives. It is now possible to derive a space-resolved EEDF, providing local information on electron properties. Also, the code has been updated to provide reaction rates of electromagnetic emissions, including X-ray fluorescence. Estimates of the local ion charge state distribution is potentially possible, and first evaluations are ongoing. Dealing with fast-transient mechanisms, such as electromagnetic emission via the electron-cyclotron MASER instability, the code is now updated for locally evaluating the EEDF anisotropy. We will present the collected results, which we believe to have a relevant impact both on the ECRIS plasma physics and on the INFN’s PANDORA project that plans to use ECR plasmas for fundamental studies in Nuclear and AstroNuclear Physics.

Slides TUYZO01 [25.158 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-TUYZO01

About •

Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 03 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 21 November 2020 — Issue date ※ 01 December 2020

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUYZO03

Electromagnetic Simulation of "plasma-shaped" Plasma Chamber for Innovative ECRIS

90

G.S. Mauro, O. Leonardi, D. Mascali, A. Pidatella, F. Russo, G. Sorbello, G. Torrisi
INFN/LNS, Catania, Italy
A. Galatà, C.S. Gallo
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
C.S. Gallo
UNIFE, Ferrara, Italy
G. Sorbello
University of Catania, Catania, Italy

The plasma chamber and injection system design play a fundamental role in ECRISs with the aim to obtain an optimized electromagnetic field configuration able to generate and sustain a plasma with a high energy content. In this work we present the numerical study and the design of an unconventionally-shaped cavity resonator* that possesses some key advantages with respect to the standard cylindrical cavities, usually adopted in ion sources setups. The cavity geometry, whose design has been completed on January 2020, has been inspired by the typical star-shaped ECR plasma, determined by the magnetic field structure. The chamber has been designed by using the commercial softwares CST and COMSOL, with the aim to maximize the on-axis electric field. Moreover, a radically innovative microwaves injection system, consisting in side-coupled slotted waveguides, has been implemented, allowing a better power coupling and a more symmetric power distribution inside the cavity with respect to the standard rectangular waveguides. This new ’plasma-shaped oriented’ design could relevantly improve the performances of the ECRISs while making more compact the overall setup.
*This work has been carried out within the Grant 73/IRIS project, supported by INFN (Italian patent pending n. 102020000001756).

Slides TUYZO03 [5.119 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-TUYZO03

About •

Received ※ 28 September 2020 — Revised ※ 05 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 18 May 2021 — Issue date ※ 10 December 2021

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEZZO02

Contaminants Reduction in ECR Charge Breeders by LNL LPSC GANIL Collaboration

151

J. Angot, M.A. Baylac, M. Migliore, P. Sole, T. Thuillier
LPSC, Grenoble Cedex, France
A. Galatà
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
L. Maunoury
GANIL, Caen, France

Contaminants reduction in Electron Cyclotron Resonance Charge Breeders (ECRCB) is a key point for the future experiments foreseen at LNL and GANIL Isotope Separation On Line (ISOL) facilities. According to the mass separator resolution set downstream the ECRCB, the radioactive ion beam study can be challenged in case of low production rate. An ongoing collaboration between LNL, LPSC and GANIL laboratories aims to improve the beam purity, acting on all the pollutant causes. Comparative experiments will be done at LPSC using different techniques, like covering the plasma chamber wall with liners of different materials. Different configurations of the ECRCB will also be tested, with the enhancement of the efficiency and charge breeding time parameters as additional objectives. A presentation of this program is proposed together with the recent upgrade of the LPSC 1+N+ test bench, with the aim to improve the vacuum quality.

Slides WEZZO02 [1.915 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2020-WEZZO02

About •

Received ※ 29 September 2020 — Revised ※ 01 October 2020 — Accepted ※ 15 October 2020 — Issue date ※ 04 November 2020

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)