IPAC2014 - List of Authors (Yonehara, K.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOOCA02	RF Design and Operation of a Modular Cavity for Muon Ionization Cooling R&D	42
	Y. Torun IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA D.L. Bowring, M.A. Palmer, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science through the Muon Accelerator Program. Ionization cooling channel designs call for the operation of high-gradient, normal-conducting RF cavities in multi-Tesla solenoidal magnetic fields. However, strong magnetic fields have been shown in some cases to limit the maximum achievable gradient in RF cavities. This gradient limit is characterized by RF breakdown and damage to the cavity surface. To study this issue, we have developed an experimental program at Fermilab's MuCool Test Area (MTA) based on a modular pillbox cavity operating at 805 MHz. The modular cavity design allows for the evaluation of different cavity geometries and materials – such as beryllium – which may ameliorate or circumvent RF breakdown triggers. We present a summary of recent results and plans for the future of the MTA normal conducting RF cavity program.
	Slides MOOCA02 [32.552 MB]
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MOPME043	Modeling and Simulation of Beam-induced Plasma in Muon Cooling Devices	466
	K. Yu SBU, Stony Brook, USA M. Chung, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA B.T. Freemire IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA V. Samulyak BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA V. Samulyak SUNY SB, Stony Brook, New York, USA
	Understanding of the interaction of muon beams with plasma in muon cooling devices is important for the optimization of the muon cooling process. We have developed numerical algorithms and parallel software for self-consistent simulation of the plasma production and its interaction with particle beams and external fields. Simulations support the experimental program on the hydrogen gas filled RF cavities in the Mucool Test Area (MTA) at Fermilab. Computational algorithms are based on the electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC) code SPACE combined with a probabilistic, macroparticle-based implementation of atomic physics processes such as the absorption of the incident particles, ionization of the absorber material, and the generation and evolution of secondary particles in dense, neutral gas. In particular, we have proposed a novel algorithm for dealing with repetitive incident beam, enabling simulations of long time scale processes. Benchmarks and simulations of the experiments on gas-filled RF cavities and prediction for future experiments are discussed. * kwangmin.yu@stonybrook.edu ** rosamu@bnl.gov
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TUPRO116	Conceptual Design of the Muon Cooling Channel to Incorporate RF Cavities	1325
	S.A. Kahn, G. Flanagan, F. Marhauser Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA M.L. Lopes, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by U.S. DOE STTR/SBIR grant DE-SC00006266 A helical cooling channel (HCC) consisting of a pressurized gas absorber imbedded in a magnetic channel that provides solenoid, helical dipole and helical quadrupole fields has been shown to provide six-dimensional phase space reduction for muon beams. Such a channel can be implemented by a helical solenoid (HS) composed of short solenoid coils arranged in a helical pattern. The magnetic channel will provide the desired Bphi, Bz, and dBphi/dr along the reference path. The channel must allow enough space for RF cavities which replace energy lost in the absorber material present for the cooling process. The study will describe how to achieve the desired field while allowing sufficient space for the cavities. The limits to this design imposed by the achievable current density in the coils will be discussed.
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TUPME014	Development of Six-dimensional Helical Muon Beam Cooling Channel for Muon Colliders	1373
	K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	A six-dimensional (6D) helical muon beam cooling channel (HCC) has been developed for a last decade. The practical HCC lattice parameters were optimized for the cooling performance in theoretical and numerical simulations. The HCC design group has been formed and has begun the machine development to realize the channel. Recent accomplishments and present critical issues are discussed in the presentation.
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TUPME015	Study Cooling Performance in a Helical Cooling Channel for Muon Colliders	1376
	K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The cooling performance in a six-dimensional helical muon beam cooling channel (HCC) has been studied in various beam lattice parameters. We show that the HCC works with a practical beam parameter.
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TUPME016	Status of the Complete Muon Cooling Channel Design and Simulations	1379
	C.Y. Yoshikawa, C.M. Ankenbrandt, R.P. Johnson, S.A. Kahn, F. Marhauser Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA Y.I. Alexahin, D.V. Neuffer, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov, A.V. Sy JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported in part by DOE STTR grant DE-SC 0007634. Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of such muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. We present the status of the design and simulation of a complete muon cooling channel that is based on the Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), which operates via continuous emittance exchange to enable the most efficient design.
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TUPME017	Design and Simulation of a Matching System into the Helical Cooling Channel	1382
	C.Y. Yoshikawa MuPlus, Inc., Newport News, Virginia, USA Y.I. Alexahin, D.V. Neuffer, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA C.M. Ankenbrandt, R.P. Johnson, S.A. Kahn, F. Marhauser Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov, A.V. Sy JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported in part by DOE STTR grant DE-SC 0007634. Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) is able to achieve such emittance reduction and matching sections within the HCC have been successfully designed in the past with lossless transmission and no emittance growth. However, matching into the HCC from a straight solenoid poses a challenge, since a large emittance beam must cross transition. We elucidate on the challenge and present evaluations of two solutions, along with concepts to integrate the operations of a Charge Separator and match into the HCC.
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WEPRI100	Magnetic Design Constraints of Helical Solenoids	2731
	M.L. Lopes, S. Krave, J.C. Tompkins, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA G. Flanagan, S.A. Kahn Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA K.E. Melconian Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA
	Helical solenoids have been proposed as an option for a Helical Cooling Channel for muons in a proposed Muon Collider. Helical solenoids can provide the required three main field components: solenoidal, helical dipole, and a helical gradient. In general terms, the last two are a function of many geometric parameters: coil aperture, coil radial and longitudinal dimensions, helix period and orbit radius. In this paper, we present design studies of a Helical Solenoid, addressing the geometric tunability limits and auxiliary correction system.
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THPME054	RF Cavity Design Aspects for a Helical Muon Beam Cooling Channel	3352
	F. Marhauser, G. Flanagan, R.P. Johnson, S.A. Kahn Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported under U.S. DOE Grant Application Number DE-SC0006266 A Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) promises efficient six-dimensional ionization cooling of muon beams by utilizing high-pressurized gas as a continuous absorber within a magnetic channel embedding RF cavities. The progress on cavity design, tailored for such a cooling channel, is discussed.
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THPRI064	Plasma Chemistry in a High Pressure Gas Filled RF Test Cell for use in a Muon Cooling Channel	3917
	B.T. Freemire, Y. Torun IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA M. Chung, M.R. Jana, M.A. Leonova, A. Moretti, T.A. Schwarz, A.V. Tollestrup, Y. Torun, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA R.P. Johnson Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Filling an RF cavity with a high pressure gas prevents breakdown when the cavity is placed in a multi-Tesla external magnetic field. A beam of particles traversing the cavity, be it muons or protons, ionizes the gas, creating an electron-ion plasma which absorbs energy from the cavity. In order to understand the nature of this plasma loading, a variety of gas species, gas pressures, dopants, and cavity electric fields were investigated. Plasma induced energy loss, electron-ion recombination rates, ion-ion recombination rates, and electron attachment times were measured. The results for hydrogen, deuterium, helium, and nitrogen, doped with dry air will be presented.
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THPRI065	Effects of Beam Loading and Higher-order Modes in RF Cavities for Muon Ionization Cooling	3921
	M. Chung, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA B.T. Freemire IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA F. Marhauser Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
	Envisioned muon ionization cooling channel is based on vaccum and/or gas-filled RF cavities of frequencies of 325 and 650 MHz. In particular, to meet the luminosity requirement for a muon collider, the muon beam intensity should be on the order of 10¹² muons per bunch. In this high beam intensity, transient beam loading can significantly reduce the accelerating gradients and deteriorate the beam quality. We estimate this beam loading effect using an equivalent circuit model. For gas-filled cavity case, the beam loading is compared with plasma loading. We also investigate the excitation of higher-order modes and their effects on the performance of the cavity.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI065
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Paper

Title

Page

RF Design and Operation of a Modular Cavity for Muon Ionization Cooling R&D

42

Y. Torun
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
D.L. Bowring, M.A. Palmer, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Supported by the US Department of Energy Office of Science through the Muon Accelerator Program.
Ionization cooling channel designs call for the operation of high-gradient, normal-conducting RF cavities in multi-Tesla solenoidal magnetic fields. However, strong magnetic fields have been shown in some cases to limit the maximum achievable gradient in RF cavities. This gradient limit is characterized by RF breakdown and damage to the cavity surface. To study this issue, we have developed an experimental program at Fermilab's MuCool Test Area (MTA) based on a modular pillbox cavity operating at 805 MHz. The modular cavity design allows for the evaluation of different cavity geometries and materials – such as beryllium – which may ameliorate or circumvent RF breakdown triggers. We present a summary of recent results and plans for the future of the MTA normal conducting RF cavity program.

Slides MOOCA02 [32.552 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOOCA02

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MOPME043

Modeling and Simulation of Beam-induced Plasma in Muon Cooling Devices

466

K. Yu
SBU, Stony Brook, USA
M. Chung, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
B.T. Freemire
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
V. Samulyak
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
V. Samulyak
SUNY SB, Stony Brook, New York, USA

Understanding of the interaction of muon beams with plasma in muon cooling devices is important for the optimization of the muon cooling process. We have developed numerical algorithms and parallel software for self-consistent simulation of the plasma production and its interaction with particle beams and external fields. Simulations support the experimental program on the hydrogen gas filled RF cavities in the Mucool Test Area (MTA) at Fermilab. Computational algorithms are based on the electromagnetic particle-in-cell (PIC) code SPACE combined with a probabilistic, macroparticle-based implementation of atomic physics processes such as the absorption of the incident particles, ionization of the absorber material, and the generation and evolution of secondary particles in dense, neutral gas. In particular, we have proposed a novel algorithm for dealing with repetitive incident beam, enabling simulations of long time scale processes. Benchmarks and simulations of the experiments on gas-filled RF cavities and prediction for future experiments are discussed.
* kwangmin.yu@stonybrook.edu
** rosamu@bnl.gov

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPME043

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TUPRO116

Conceptual Design of the Muon Cooling Channel to Incorporate RF Cavities

1325

S.A. Kahn, G. Flanagan, F. Marhauser
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
M.L. Lopes, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by U.S. DOE STTR/SBIR grant DE-SC00006266
A helical cooling channel (HCC) consisting of a pressurized gas absorber imbedded in a magnetic channel that provides solenoid, helical dipole and helical quadrupole fields has been shown to provide six-dimensional phase space reduction for muon beams. Such a channel can be implemented by a helical solenoid (HS) composed of short solenoid coils arranged in a helical pattern. The magnetic channel will provide the desired Bphi, Bz, and dBphi/dr along the reference path. The channel must allow enough space for RF cavities which replace energy lost in the absorber material present for the cooling process. The study will describe how to achieve the desired field while allowing sufficient space for the cavities. The limits to this design imposed by the achievable current density in the coils will be discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO116

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TUPME014

Development of Six-dimensional Helical Muon Beam Cooling Channel for Muon Colliders

1373

K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

A six-dimensional (6D) helical muon beam cooling channel (HCC) has been developed for a last decade. The practical HCC lattice parameters were optimized for the cooling performance in theoretical and numerical simulations. The HCC design group has been formed and has begun the machine development to realize the channel. Recent accomplishments and present critical issues are discussed in the presentation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME014

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TUPME015

Study Cooling Performance in a Helical Cooling Channel for Muon Colliders

1376

K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The cooling performance in a six-dimensional helical muon beam cooling channel (HCC) has been studied in various beam lattice parameters. We show that the HCC works with a practical beam parameter.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME015

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPME016

Status of the Complete Muon Cooling Channel Design and Simulations

1379

C.Y. Yoshikawa, C.M. Ankenbrandt, R.P. Johnson, S.A. Kahn, F. Marhauser
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
Y.I. Alexahin, D.V. Neuffer, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov, A.V. Sy
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported in part by DOE STTR grant DE-SC 0007634.
Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of such muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. We present the status of the design and simulation of a complete muon cooling channel that is based on the Helical Cooling Channel (HCC), which operates via continuous emittance exchange to enable the most efficient design.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME016

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TUPME017

Design and Simulation of a Matching System into the Helical Cooling Channel

1382

C.Y. Yoshikawa
MuPlus, Inc., Newport News, Virginia, USA
Y.I. Alexahin, D.V. Neuffer, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
C.M. Ankenbrandt, R.P. Johnson, S.A. Kahn, F. Marhauser
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
Y.S. Derbenev, V.S. Morozov, A.V. Sy
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported in part by DOE STTR grant DE-SC 0007634.
Muon colliders could provide the most sensitive measurement of the Higgs mass and return the US back to the Energy Frontier. Central to the capabilities of muon colliders are the cooling channels that provide the extraordinary reduction in emittance required for the precise Higgs mass measurement and increased luminosity for enhanced discovery potential of an Energy Frontier Machine. The Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) is able to achieve such emittance reduction and matching sections within the HCC have been successfully designed in the past with lossless transmission and no emittance growth. However, matching into the HCC from a straight solenoid poses a challenge, since a large emittance beam must cross transition. We elucidate on the challenge and present evaluations of two solutions, along with concepts to integrate the operations of a Charge Separator and match into the HCC.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME017

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WEPRI100

Magnetic Design Constraints of Helical Solenoids

2731

M.L. Lopes, S. Krave, J.C. Tompkins, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
G. Flanagan, S.A. Kahn
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
K.E. Melconian
Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, USA

Helical solenoids have been proposed as an option for a Helical Cooling Channel for muons in a proposed Muon Collider. Helical solenoids can provide the required three main field components: solenoidal, helical dipole, and a helical gradient. In general terms, the last two are a function of many geometric parameters: coil aperture, coil radial and longitudinal dimensions, helix period and orbit radius. In this paper, we present design studies of a Helical Solenoid, addressing the geometric tunability limits and auxiliary correction system.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI100

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THPME054

RF Cavity Design Aspects for a Helical Muon Beam Cooling Channel

3352

F. Marhauser, G. Flanagan, R.P. Johnson, S.A. Kahn
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA
K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported under U.S. DOE Grant Application Number DE-SC0006266
A Helical Cooling Channel (HCC) promises efficient six-dimensional ionization cooling of muon beams by utilizing high-pressurized gas as a continuous absorber within a magnetic channel embedding RF cavities. The progress on cavity design, tailored for such a cooling channel, is discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPME054

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THPRI064

Plasma Chemistry in a High Pressure Gas Filled RF Test Cell for use in a Muon Cooling Channel

3917

B.T. Freemire, Y. Torun
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
M. Chung, M.R. Jana, M.A. Leonova, A. Moretti, T.A. Schwarz, A.V. Tollestrup, Y. Torun, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
R.P. Johnson
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Filling an RF cavity with a high pressure gas prevents breakdown when the cavity is placed in a multi-Tesla external magnetic field. A beam of particles traversing the cavity, be it muons or protons, ionizes the gas, creating an electron-ion plasma which absorbs energy from the cavity. In order to understand the nature of this plasma loading, a variety of gas species, gas pressures, dopants, and cavity electric fields were investigated. Plasma induced energy loss, electron-ion recombination rates, ion-ion recombination rates, and electron attachment times were measured. The results for hydrogen, deuterium, helium, and nitrogen, doped with dry air will be presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI064

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THPRI065

Effects of Beam Loading and Higher-order Modes in RF Cavities for Muon Ionization Cooling

3921

M. Chung, A.V. Tollestrup, K. Yonehara
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
B.T. Freemire
IIT, Chicago, Illinois, USA
F. Marhauser
Muons, Inc, Illinois, USA

Envisioned muon ionization cooling channel is based on vaccum and/or gas-filled RF cavities of frequencies of 325 and 650 MHz. In particular, to meet the luminosity requirement for a muon collider, the muon beam intensity should be on the order of 10¹² muons per bunch. In this high beam intensity, transient beam loading can significantly reduce the accelerating gradients and deteriorate the beam quality. We estimate this beam loading effect using an equivalent circuit model. For gas-filled cavity case, the beam loading is compared with plasma loading. We also investigate the excitation of higher-order modes and their effects on the performance of the cavity.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRI065

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