IPAC2014 - List of Authors (Stratakis, D.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPRI007	Design and Simulation of a High Intensity Muon Beam Production for Neutrino Experiments.	589
	H. K. Sayed, H.G. Kirk, R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	The production process of pions which then decay into muons, yields a muon beam with large transverse and longitudinal emittances. Such beam requires phase space manipulation to reduce the total 6D emittance before it could go through any acceleration stage. The design of the muon beam manipulation is based on Neutrino Factory front end design. In this study we report on a multi objective - multivariable global optimization of the front end using parallel genetic algorithm. The parallel optimization algorithm and the optimization strategy will be discussed and the optimized results will be presented as well.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI007
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TUPME019	Design and Simulation of a High Field - low energy Muon Ionization Cooling Channel	1386
	H. K. Sayed, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Muon beams are generated with inherited large transverse and longitudinal emittances. In order to achieve low emittance within the short lifetime of the muons, the only feasible cooling scheme is the ionization cooling. In this study we present a design and simulation of a novel ionization cooling channel. The channel operates at a very strong magnetic fields of 25-30 T with low muon beam energy starting from 66 MeV and decreasing gradually. We study the beam dynamics of such low energy beam in high field region inside and between cooling stages. Key design parameters will be presented and in addition the performance and channel requirements of RF cavities and high field magnets will be presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME019
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TUPME020	Complete Six-dimensional Muon Cooling Channel for a Muon Collider	1389
	D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, H. Witte BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. We describe a complete 6D rectilinear cooling scheme for use in a Muon Collider. This scheme uses separate 6D cooling channels for the two signs of particle charge. In each, a channel first reduces the emittance of a train of 21 muon bunches until it becomes possible to merge them into a single bunch, one of each sign. The single bunches are then sent through a second rectilinear channel for further cooling towards the requirements of a Muon Collider. We adopt this approach for a new cooling lattice design for the Muon Collider, and for the first time present a end-to-end simulation. We review key parameters such as the required focusing fields, absorber lengths, cavity frequencies and rf gradients. *D. Stratakis et al., Phys. Rev. ST AB 16, 091001 (2013).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME020
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TUPME021	Theoretical Framework to Predict Efficiency of Ionization Cooling Lattices	1392
	D. Stratakis BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Reduction of the 6-dimensional phase-space of a muon beam by 6 orders of magnitude is a key requirement for a Muon Collider. Recently, a 12-stage rectilinear ionization cooling channel has been proposed to achieve that goal. In this paper, we establish the mathematical framework to predict and evaluate the cooling performance of the proposed channel. We predict the system effectiveness, by deriving key lattice parameters such as the lattice quality factor which describes the rate of cooling versus the surviving particles and the longitudinal and effective partition numbers for each stage. Main theoretical findings, such as the equilibrium emittances and effective cooling length, are compared against findings from numerical simulations.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME021
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TUPME022	Design and Optimization of a Particle Selection System for Muon based Accelerators	1395
	D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA D.V. Neuffer Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA P. Snopok Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. In Muon Accelerators muons are produced by impacting high energy protons onto a target to produce pions. The pions decay to muons which are then accelerated. Through this process a significant background of protons and electrons are generated, which may result in heat deposition on superconducting materials and activation of the machine. In this paper we propose a two-step particle selection scheme: a chicane to remove the high momentum particles from the beam and a Beryllium block absorber that reduces momentum of all particles in the beam, resulting in the loss of low momentum protons. We review the design and numerically examine its impact on the performance of the muon front-end.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME022
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TUPME023	Overview of a muon capture section for muon accelerators	1398
	D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg, H. K. Sayed BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA D.V. Neuffer, P. Snopok Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA P. Snopok Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. We describe a muon capture section to manipulate the longitudinal and transverse phase-space so that to collect efficiently a muon beam produced from an intense proton source target. We show that this can be achieved by using a set of properly tuned rf cavities that captures the beam into string of bunches and aligns them into nearly equal central energies, and a solenoidal chicane that filters high momentum particles, followed by a proton absorber that reduces the energy of all particles. This work elucidates the key parameters that are needed for successful muon capture, such as the required rf frequencies, rf gradients and focusing field. We discuss the sensitivity in performance against the number of different rf frequencies and accelerating rf gradient.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME023
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TUPME024	A hybrid six-dimensional muon cooling channel with gas filled cavities	1401
	D. Stratakis BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. Obtaining the desired micron-scale emittances for a Muon Collider requires transporting the muon beam through long sections of a beam channel containing rf cavities, absorbers, and focusing solenoids. Here we discuss possible implementation of high-pressure gas-filled RF cavities in a 6D ionization cooling channel and some technical issues associated with it. The key idea of our scheme is a hybrid approach that uses high-pressure gas to avoid cavity breakdown, along with discrete LiH absorbers to provide the majority of the energy loss. We show that the channel performs as well as the original vacuum rf channel while potentially avoiding degradation in rf gradient associated with the strong magnetic field in the cooling channel.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME024
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TUPRI008	Target System Concept for a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory	1568
	K.T. McDonald PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA X.P. Ding UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA V.B. Graves ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed, D. Stratakis BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA
	A concept is presented for a Target System in a staged scenario for a Neutrino Factory and eventual Muon Collider, with emphasis on initial operation with a 6.75 GeV proton beam of 1 MW power, and 50 Hz of pulses 3-ns long. A radiation cooled graphite target will be used in the initial configuration, with an option to replace this with a free-liquid-metal-jet target should 4-MW beam power become available at a later stage.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI008
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WEPRI103	Magnet Design for a Six-dimensional Rectilinear Cooling Channel - Feasibility Study	2740
	H. Witte, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA F. Borgnolutti LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy. An essential part of a potential future muon collider is ionization cooling, which is required to reduce the emittance of the muon beam. A new scheme has recently been proposed which in simulations shows an improved performance in terms of cooling efficiency and transmitted muons. The lattice of this cooling channel consists of 12 stages, each of which requires different superconducting solenoids. The most challenging stage is the last one, where the solenoids are expected to deliver 15.1T in a bore of ~4.5 cm. This paper discusses the feasibility of the solenoids for the last stage of this lattice.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI103
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Paper

Title

Page

Design and Simulation of a High Intensity Muon Beam Production for Neutrino Experiments.

589

H. K. Sayed, H.G. Kirk, R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

The production process of pions which then decay into muons, yields a muon beam with large transverse and longitudinal emittances. Such beam requires phase space manipulation to reduce the total 6D emittance before it could go through any acceleration stage. The design of the muon beam manipulation is based on Neutrino Factory front end design. In this study we report on a multi objective - multivariable global optimization of the front end using parallel genetic algorithm. The parallel optimization algorithm and the optimization strategy will be discussed and the optimized results will be presented as well.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI007

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPME019

Design and Simulation of a High Field - low energy Muon Ionization Cooling Channel

1386

H. K. Sayed, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Muon beams are generated with inherited large transverse and longitudinal emittances. In order to achieve low emittance within the short lifetime of the muons, the only feasible cooling scheme is the ionization cooling. In this study we present a design and simulation of a novel ionization cooling channel. The channel operates at a very strong magnetic fields of 25-30 T with low muon beam energy starting from 66 MeV and decreasing gradually. We study the beam dynamics of such low energy beam in high field region inside and between cooling stages. Key design parameters will be presented and in addition the performance and channel requirements of RF cavities and high field magnets will be presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME019

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPME020

Complete Six-dimensional Muon Cooling Channel for a Muon Collider

1389

D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, H. Witte
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We describe a complete 6D rectilinear cooling scheme for use in a Muon Collider. This scheme uses separate 6D cooling channels for the two signs of particle charge. In each, a channel first reduces the emittance of a train of 21 muon bunches until it becomes possible to merge them into a single bunch, one of each sign. The single bunches are then sent through a second rectilinear channel for further cooling towards the requirements of a Muon Collider. We adopt this approach for a new cooling lattice design for the Muon Collider, and for the first time present a end-to-end simulation. We review key parameters such as the required focusing fields, absorber lengths, cavity frequencies and rf gradients.
*D. Stratakis et al., Phys. Rev. ST AB 16, 091001 (2013).

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME020

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TUPME021

Theoretical Framework to Predict Efficiency of Ionization Cooling Lattices

1392

D. Stratakis
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Reduction of the 6-dimensional phase-space of a muon beam by 6 orders of magnitude is a key requirement for a Muon Collider. Recently, a 12-stage rectilinear ionization cooling channel has been proposed to achieve that goal. In this paper, we establish the mathematical framework to predict and evaluate the cooling performance of the proposed channel. We predict the system effectiveness, by deriving key lattice parameters such as the lattice quality factor which describes the rate of cooling versus the surviving particles and the longitudinal and effective partition numbers for each stage. Main theoretical findings, such as the equilibrium emittances and effective cooling length, are compared against findings from numerical simulations.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME021

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPME022

Design and Optimization of a Particle Selection System for Muon based Accelerators

1395

D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
D.V. Neuffer
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
P. Snopok
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
In Muon Accelerators muons are produced by impacting high energy protons onto a target to produce pions. The pions decay to muons which are then accelerated. Through this process a significant background of protons and electrons are generated, which may result in heat deposition on superconducting materials and activation of the machine. In this paper we propose a two-step particle selection scheme: a chicane to remove the high momentum particles from the beam and a Beryllium block absorber that reduces momentum of all particles in the beam, resulting in the loss of low momentum protons. We review the design and numerically examine its impact on the performance of the muon front-end.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME022

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPME023

Overview of a muon capture section for muon accelerators

1398

D. Stratakis, J.S. Berg, H. K. Sayed
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
D.V. Neuffer, P. Snopok
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
P. Snopok
Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
We describe a muon capture section to manipulate the longitudinal and transverse phase-space so that to collect efficiently a muon beam produced from an intense proton source target. We show that this can be achieved by using a set of properly tuned rf cavities that captures the beam into string of bunches and aligns them into nearly equal central energies, and a solenoidal chicane that filters high momentum particles, followed by a proton absorber that reduces the energy of all particles. This work elucidates the key parameters that are needed for successful muon capture, such as the required rf frequencies, rf gradients and focusing field. We discuss the sensitivity in performance against the number of different rf frequencies and accelerating rf gradient.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME023

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPME024

A hybrid six-dimensional muon cooling channel with gas filled cavities

1401

D. Stratakis
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
Obtaining the desired micron-scale emittances for a Muon Collider requires transporting the muon beam through long sections of a beam channel containing rf cavities, absorbers, and focusing solenoids. Here we discuss possible implementation of high-pressure gas-filled RF cavities in a 6D ionization cooling channel and some technical issues associated with it. The key idea of our scheme is a hybrid approach that uses high-pressure gas to avoid cavity breakdown, along with discrete LiH absorbers to provide the majority of the energy loss. We show that the channel performs as well as the original vacuum rf channel while potentially avoiding degradation in rf gradient associated with the strong magnetic field in the cooling channel.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPME024

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUPRI008

Target System Concept for a Muon Collider/Neutrino Factory

1568

K.T. McDonald
PU, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
X.P. Ding
UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
V.B. Graves
ORNL, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
H.G. Kirk, H. K. Sayed, D. Stratakis
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
N. Souchlas, R.J. Weggel
Particle Beam Lasers, Inc., Northridge, California, USA

A concept is presented for a Target System in a staged scenario for a Neutrino Factory and eventual Muon Collider, with emphasis on initial operation with a 6.75 GeV proton beam of 1 MW power, and 50 Hz of pulses 3-ns long. A radiation cooled graphite target will be used in the initial configuration, with an option to replace this with a free-liquid-metal-jet target should 4-MW beam power become available at a later stage.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI008

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPRI103

Magnet Design for a Six-dimensional Rectilinear Cooling Channel - Feasibility Study

2740

H. Witte, J.S. Berg, R.B. Palmer, D. Stratakis
BNL, Upton, Long Island, New York, USA
F. Borgnolutti
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LC under Contract No. DE-AC02-98CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy.
An essential part of a potential future muon collider is ionization cooling, which is required to reduce the emittance of the muon beam. A new scheme has recently been proposed which in simulations shows an improved performance in terms of cooling efficiency and transmitted muons. The lattice of this cooling channel consists of 12 stages, each of which requires different superconducting solenoids. The most challenging stage is the last one, where the solenoids are expected to deliver 15.1T in a bore of ~4.5 cm. This paper discusses the feasibility of the solenoids for the last stage of this lattice.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRI103

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)