IPAC2014 - List of Authors (Owen, H.L.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPRO098	Compact Electron Storage Ring Concepts for EUV and Soft X-ray Production	316
	H.L. Owen, S.A. Geaney, M. Kenyon UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom J.K. Jones, D.J. Scott STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Funding: Funded in part by the Science and Technology Facilities Council We discuss the use of two novel techniques to deliver low emittance from a compact electron ring at energies around 1 GeV, suitable for EUV and soft X-ray synchrotron radiation production. The first method is the circulation of non-equilibrium electron bunches, which is made feasible using high repetition rate linacs and very fast bunch-by-bunch injection and extraction. The second method is to utilise a stacked storage ring in which two rings are coupled, and in which the strong damping wigglers in one ring depress the emittance in the other. We present example designs of each approach, noting that these methods may be used in combination with other emittance reduction techniques.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO098
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MOPRI076	Simulation of Dynamics in Ultra-compact Isochronous Medium Energy Racetrack FFAGs	780
	R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom K.M. Hock Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom C. Johnstone PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA
	Funding: Research supported by STFC grant number ST/K002503/1 "Racetrack FFAGs for medical, PRISM and energy applications". The FFAG (Fixed-Field Alternating-gradient) accelerator is a class of accelerators that comprises the best features of the cyclotron and the synchrotron, combining fixed magnetic fields with strong focusing gradients for optimal stable, low-loss operation. Here, a new type of medium-energy 1-GeV isochronous (CW) FFAG has been developed in a racetrack layout that supports two opposing synchrotron-like straights, permitting both high-gradient RF modules and efficient injection and extraction in a highly compact footprint. In this paper we present beam dynamic simulations for this compact racetrack FFAG, and compare the differences between an equivalent circular and a racetrack configuration. A comparison of the FFAG dynamics with the 800-MeV (Daeδalus) cyclotron is briefly presented.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI076
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TUPRO073	RFFAG Decay Ring for nuSTORM	1208
	J.-B. Lagrange, J. Pasternak Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom Y. Mori Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan
	The nuSTORM facility aims to deliver neutrino beams produced from the decay of muons stored in a racetrack ring. Design of racetrack FFAG (Fixed Field Alternating Gradient) decay ring for nuSTORM project is presented in this paper.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO073
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TUPRI013	Dynamic Aperture Studies of the nuSTORM FFAG Ring	1574
	R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom K.M. Hock Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom J.-B. Lagrange, J. Pasternak Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
	Funding: Research supported by STFC grant number ST/K002503/1 "Racetrack FFAGs for medical, PRISM and energy applications". FFAG rings with a racetrack configuration are very promising as their flexible design allow for dedicated spaces for injection/extraction, RF cavities etc. A racetrack FFAG is considered as an option for the nuSTORM facility, which aims to deliver neutrino beams produced from the decay of muons stored in a ring with long sections pointing towards detectors. In this paper we discuss the definition of dynamic aperture in these machines and use the PyZgoubi framework to compute the many turn motion in the nuSTORM ring. The roles of machine imperfections and symmetry are discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI013
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WEPRO100	NORMA - The Normal-Conducting, Scaling Racetrack FFAG	2198
	R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom K.M. Hock Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	Funding: Research supported by STFC grant number ST/K002503/1 "Racetrack FFAGs for medical, PRISM and energy applications". We present a design for a 30~-~350~MeV scaling racetrack FFAG accelerator for medical application - NORMA (NOrmal-conducting Racetrack Medical Accelerator) - which utilises normal-conducting magnets. NORMA consists of 12 FDF triplet cells with a maximum drift length of ∼ 2~m; an additional drift space inserted into two places forms a racetrack lattice with enough space for injection/extraction. Optimisation routines in PyZgoubi are used to find optimum cell parameters and working point.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO100
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WEPRO101	A Compact Superconducting 330 MeV Proton Gantry for Radiotherapy and Computed Tomography	2202
	D.J. Holder Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom A.F. Green, H.L. Owen UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
	Funding: Work supported by STFC Cockcroft Institute Grant No. ST/G008248/1 The primary advantage of proton beam therapy as a cancer treatment is its ability to maximize the radiation dose delivered to the target volume and minimize the dose to surrounding healthy tissue, due to the inherently narrow Bragg peak at the end of the proton range. This can be further enhanced by imaging the target volume and surrounding tissues using proton Computed Tomography (pCT), which directly measures the energy loss from individual protons to infer the tissue density. Proton energies up to 330 MeV are required for pCT. We describe a superconducting gantry design which can deliver protons for both therapy and pCT with a similar size to existing treatment gantries. The use of ten identical combined-function superconducting dipole magnets minimizes the weight and technical development required. Based on experience with superconducting magnets for carbon gantries it should be possible to change the magnetic field sufficiently quickly to perform spot-scanning over successive layers without inducing quenching. It is envisaged that a combination of cryogenic cooling and cryogen-free cooling will be used to achieve the required operating temperature for the magnet windings.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO101
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THOAB02	Options for UK Technetium-99m Production using Accelerators	2815
	H.L. Owen UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom J.R. Ballinger KCL, London, United Kingdom J. Buscombe Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom R.J. Clarke STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom E. Denton Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom B. Ellis Central Manchester University Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom G.D. Flux Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom L. Fraser PHE, London, United Kingdom B.J. Neilly University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom A. Paterson The Society of Radiographers, London, United Kingdom A. Perkins University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom A.F. Scarsbrook Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom
	Recent and ongoing shortages in reactor-based supplies of Molybdenum-99 for hospital production of the important medical radioisotope Technetium-99m have prompted the re-examination of the alternative production methods using conventional and laser-based particle accelerators. At present the UK has no domestic Technetium-99m production and relies exclusively on Technetium-99m generators manufactured overseas; the National Health Service, with professional partners, is therefore examining the options for domestic production to increase security of supply. In this paper we review the accelerator-based methods from a UK perspective, and outline the most promising methods for short- and medium-term supply, which include low-energy cyclotron and photonuclear reaction routes using enriched Molybdenum-100 targets.
	Slides THOAB02 [38.942 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THOAB02
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THPRO084	Beam Dynamics Observations of Slow Integer Tune Crossing in EMMA	3082
	J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom B.D. Muratori STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
	When the betatron tune is an integer in a cyclical accelerator, dipole-field errors can drive the coherent addition of betatron amplitude to the bunch eventually causing particle loss. Transverse integer tune crossing in a linear non-scaling FFAG is inevitable due to finite chromaticity. In EMMA (Electron Machine with Many Applications), as many as 6 integers may be crossed is as little as 6 turns at maximum acceleration over the 10 – 20 MeV energy range. This fast integer tune crossing, of the order 1 integer per turn, was shown to have little effect on the coherent amplitude growth and charge loss rate. Slower acceleration inside an RF bucket in EMMA allowed the experimental exploration of slower integer tune crossing speeds, of the order of a factor ten slower. The effect on the coherent oscillation amplitude was observed and the charge loss at integer tune crossings indicated resonant effects on the bunch. Simulations in Zgoubi allowed a more detailed analysis and the mechanism of slower resonance crossing in a non-scaling FFAG is discussed, including the importance of coupled longitudinal-transverse decoherence on the effective emittance.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO084
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Paper

Title

Page

Compact Electron Storage Ring Concepts for EUV and Soft X-ray Production

316

H.L. Owen, S.A. Geaney, M. Kenyon
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
J.K. Jones, D.J. Scott
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Funding: Funded in part by the Science and Technology Facilities Council
We discuss the use of two novel techniques to deliver low emittance from a compact electron ring at energies around 1 GeV, suitable for EUV and soft X-ray synchrotron radiation production. The first method is the circulation of non-equilibrium electron bunches, which is made feasible using high repetition rate linacs and very fast bunch-by-bunch injection and extraction. The second method is to utilise a stacked storage ring in which two rings are coupled, and in which the strong damping wigglers in one ring depress the emittance in the other. We present example designs of each approach, noting that these methods may be used in combination with other emittance reduction techniques.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRO098

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPRI076

Simulation of Dynamics in Ultra-compact Isochronous Medium Energy Racetrack FFAGs

780

R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
K.M. Hock
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
C. Johnstone
PAC, Batavia, Illinois, USA

Funding: Research supported by STFC grant number ST/K002503/1 "Racetrack FFAGs for medical, PRISM and energy applications".
The FFAG (Fixed-Field Alternating-gradient) accelerator is a class of accelerators that comprises the best features of the cyclotron and the synchrotron, combining fixed magnetic fields with strong focusing gradients for optimal stable, low-loss operation. Here, a new type of medium-energy 1-GeV isochronous (CW) FFAG has been developed in a racetrack layout that supports two opposing synchrotron-like straights, permitting both high-gradient RF modules and efficient injection and extraction in a highly compact footprint. In this paper we present beam dynamic simulations for this compact racetrack FFAG, and compare the differences between an equivalent circular and a racetrack configuration. A comparison of the FFAG dynamics with the 800-MeV (Daeδalus) cyclotron is briefly presented.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-MOPRI076

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TUPRO073

RFFAG Decay Ring for nuSTORM

1208

J.-B. Lagrange, J. Pasternak
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom
R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
Y. Mori
Kyoto University, Research Reactor Institute, Osaka, Japan

The nuSTORM facility aims to deliver neutrino beams produced from the decay of muons stored in a racetrack ring. Design of racetrack FFAG (Fixed Field Alternating Gradient) decay ring for nuSTORM project is presented in this paper.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRO073

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TUPRI013

Dynamic Aperture Studies of the nuSTORM FFAG Ring

1574

R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
K.M. Hock
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
J.-B. Lagrange, J. Pasternak
Imperial College of Science and Technology, Department of Physics, London, United Kingdom

Funding: Research supported by STFC grant number ST/K002503/1 "Racetrack FFAGs for medical, PRISM and energy applications".
FFAG rings with a racetrack configuration are very promising as their flexible design allow for dedicated spaces for injection/extraction, RF cavities etc. A racetrack FFAG is considered as an option for the nuSTORM facility, which aims to deliver neutrino beams produced from the decay of muons stored in a ring with long sections pointing towards detectors. In this paper we discuss the definition of dynamic aperture in these machines and use the PyZgoubi framework to compute the many turn motion in the nuSTORM ring. The roles of machine imperfections and symmetry are discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-TUPRI013

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPRO100

NORMA - The Normal-Conducting, Scaling Racetrack FFAG

2198

R. Appleby, J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen, S.C. Tygier
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
K.M. Hock
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

Funding: Research supported by STFC grant number ST/K002503/1 "Racetrack FFAGs for medical, PRISM and energy applications".
We present a design for a 30~-~350~MeV scaling racetrack FFAG accelerator for medical application - NORMA (NOrmal-conducting Racetrack Medical Accelerator) - which utilises normal-conducting magnets. NORMA consists of 12 FDF triplet cells with a maximum drift length of ∼ 2~m; an additional drift space inserted into two places forms a racetrack lattice with enough space for injection/extraction. Optimisation routines in PyZgoubi are used to find optimum cell parameters and working point.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO100

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPRO101

A Compact Superconducting 330 MeV Proton Gantry for Radiotherapy and Computed Tomography

2202

D.J. Holder
Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
A.F. Green, H.L. Owen
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom

Funding: Work supported by STFC Cockcroft Institute Grant No. ST/G008248/1
The primary advantage of proton beam therapy as a cancer treatment is its ability to maximize the radiation dose delivered to the target volume and minimize the dose to surrounding healthy tissue, due to the inherently narrow Bragg peak at the end of the proton range. This can be further enhanced by imaging the target volume and surrounding tissues using proton Computed Tomography (pCT), which directly measures the energy loss from individual protons to infer the tissue density. Proton energies up to 330 MeV are required for pCT. We describe a superconducting gantry design which can deliver protons for both therapy and pCT with a similar size to existing treatment gantries. The use of ten identical combined-function superconducting dipole magnets minimizes the weight and technical development required. Based on experience with superconducting magnets for carbon gantries it should be possible to change the magnetic field sufficiently quickly to perform spot-scanning over successive layers without inducing quenching. It is envisaged that a combination of cryogenic cooling and cryogen-free cooling will be used to achieve the required operating temperature for the magnet windings.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-WEPRO101

Export •

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THOAB02

Options for UK Technetium-99m Production using Accelerators

2815

H.L. Owen
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
J.R. Ballinger
KCL, London, United Kingdom
J. Buscombe
Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, United Kingdom
R.J. Clarke
STFC/RAL, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
E. Denton
Norfolk and Norwich University Hospital, Norwich, United Kingdom
B. Ellis
Central Manchester University Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
G.D. Flux
Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
L. Fraser
PHE, London, United Kingdom
B.J. Neilly
University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
A. Paterson
The Society of Radiographers, London, United Kingdom
A. Perkins
University of Nottingham, Nottingham, United Kingdom
A.F. Scarsbrook
Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, St James's University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom

Recent and ongoing shortages in reactor-based supplies of Molybdenum-99 for hospital production of the important medical radioisotope Technetium-99m have prompted the re-examination of the alternative production methods using conventional and laser-based particle accelerators. At present the UK has no domestic Technetium-99m production and relies exclusively on Technetium-99m generators manufactured overseas; the National Health Service, with professional partners, is therefore examining the options for domestic production to increase security of supply. In this paper we review the accelerator-based methods from a UK perspective, and outline the most promising methods for short- and medium-term supply, which include low-energy cyclotron and photonuclear reaction routes using enriched Molybdenum-100 targets.

Slides THOAB02 [38.942 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THOAB02

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THPRO084

Beam Dynamics Observations of Slow Integer Tune Crossing in EMMA

3082

J.M. Garland, H.L. Owen
UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
D.J. Kelliher, S. Machida
STFC/RAL/ASTeC, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, United Kingdom
B.D. Muratori
STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom

When the betatron tune is an integer in a cyclical accelerator, dipole-field errors can drive the coherent addition of betatron amplitude to the bunch eventually causing particle loss. Transverse integer tune crossing in a linear non-scaling FFAG is inevitable due to finite chromaticity. In EMMA (Electron Machine with Many Applications), as many as 6 integers may be crossed is as little as 6 turns at maximum acceleration over the 10 – 20 MeV energy range. This fast integer tune crossing, of the order 1 integer per turn, was shown to have little effect on the coherent amplitude growth and charge loss rate. Slower acceleration inside an RF bucket in EMMA allowed the experimental exploration of slower integer tune crossing speeds, of the order of a factor ten slower. The effect on the coherent oscillation amplitude was observed and the charge loss at integer tune crossings indicated resonant effects on the bunch. Simulations in Zgoubi allowed a more detailed analysis and the mechanism of slower resonance crossing in a non-scaling FFAG is discussed, including the importance of coupled longitudinal-transverse decoherence on the effective emittance.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2014-THPRO084

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)