IPAC2012 - List of Authors (Ferrari, A.)

Paper	Title	Page
TUPPR092	Transient Beam Losses in the LHC Injection Kickers from Micron Scale Dust Particles	2044
	B. Goddard, P. Adraktas, T. Baer, M.J. Barnes, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, N. Garrel, A.H.J. Gerardin, M. Guinchard, A. Lechner, A. Masi, V. Mertens, R. Morón Ballester, S. Redaelli, J.A. Uythoven, V. Vlachoudis, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Transient beam losses on a time scale of a few ms have been observed in the LHC injection kickers, occurring mainly shortly after beam injection with a strong correlation in time to the kicker pulsing. The beam losses, which have at times affected LHC availability, are attributed to micron scale ceramic dust particles detached from the alumina beam pipe and accelerated into the beam. The beam related observations are described, together with laboratory measurements of beam pipe contamination and kicker vibration, simulations of electric field in the beam pipe and the basic dynamic model. Energy deposition simulations modelling the beam losses are presented and compared to measurement. Extrapolations to future LHC operation at higher intensities and energies are made, and prospects for mitigation are discussed.

THPPP086	UFOs in the LHC: Observations, Studies and Extrapolations	3936
	T. Baer, M.J. Barnes, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, N. Garrel, B. Goddard, E.B. Holzer, S. Jackson, A. Lechner, V. Mertens, M. Misiowiec, E. Nebot Del Busto, A. Nordt, J.A. Uythoven, V. Vlachoudis, J. Wenninger, C. Zamantzas, F. Zimmermann CERN, Geneva, Switzerland T. Baer University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany N. Fuster Martinez Valencia University, Atomic Molecular and Nuclear Physics Department, Valencia, Spain
	Unidentified falling objects (UFOs) are potentially a major luminosity limitation for nominal LHC operation. They are presumably micrometer sized dust particles which lead to fast beam losses when they interact with the beam. With large-scale increases and optimizations of the beam loss monitor (BLM) thresholds, their impact on LHC availability was mitigated from mid 2011 onwards. For higher beam energy and lower magnet quench limits, the problem is expected to be considerably worse, though. In 2011/12, the diagnostics for UFO events were significantly improved: dedicated experiments and measurements in the LHC and in the laboratory were made and complemented by FLUKA simulations and theoretical studies. The state of knowledge, extrapolations for nominal LHC operation and mitigation strategies are presented.

THPPR037	Estimation of Thresholds for the Signals of the BLMs around the LHC Final Focus Triplet Magnets	4053
	M. Sapinski, F. Cerutti, B. Dehning, A. Ferrari, A. Lechner, M. Mauri, A. Mereghetti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C. Hoa CEA-CENG, Grenoble, France
	The Interaction Points of the Large Hadron Collider are the regions where the two circulating beams collide. Hence, the magnets the closest to any Interaction Point are exposed to an elevated radiation field due to the collision debris. In this study the signal in the Beam Loss Monitors due to the debris is estimated and compared with the measurements. In addition, the energy density in the coils and the signal in the Beam Loss Monitors at quench are estimated for various beam loss scenarios. It is shown that the Beam Loss Monitors, as presently installed on the outside of the vacuum vessel of the magnets, cannot disentangle the signals due to a localised halo loss from that of the constant signal due to the collision debris.

Paper

Title

Page

Transient Beam Losses in the LHC Injection Kickers from Micron Scale Dust Particles

2044

B. Goddard, P. Adraktas, T. Baer, M.J. Barnes, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, N. Garrel, A.H.J. Gerardin, M. Guinchard, A. Lechner, A. Masi, V. Mertens, R. Morón Ballester, S. Redaelli, J.A. Uythoven, V. Vlachoudis, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Transient beam losses on a time scale of a few ms have been observed in the LHC injection kickers, occurring mainly shortly after beam injection with a strong correlation in time to the kicker pulsing. The beam losses, which have at times affected LHC availability, are attributed to micron scale ceramic dust particles detached from the alumina beam pipe and accelerated into the beam. The beam related observations are described, together with laboratory measurements of beam pipe contamination and kicker vibration, simulations of electric field in the beam pipe and the basic dynamic model. Energy deposition simulations modelling the beam losses are presented and compared to measurement. Extrapolations to future LHC operation at higher intensities and energies are made, and prospects for mitigation are discussed.

THPPP086

UFOs in the LHC: Observations, Studies and Extrapolations

3936

T. Baer, M.J. Barnes, F. Cerutti, A. Ferrari, N. Garrel, B. Goddard, E.B. Holzer, S. Jackson, A. Lechner, V. Mertens, M. Misiowiec, E. Nebot Del Busto, A. Nordt, J.A. Uythoven, V. Vlachoudis, J. Wenninger, C. Zamantzas, F. Zimmermann
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
T. Baer
University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
N. Fuster Martinez
Valencia University, Atomic Molecular and Nuclear Physics Department, Valencia, Spain

Unidentified falling objects (UFOs) are potentially a major luminosity limitation for nominal LHC operation. They are presumably micrometer sized dust particles which lead to fast beam losses when they interact with the beam. With large-scale increases and optimizations of the beam loss monitor (BLM) thresholds, their impact on LHC availability was mitigated from mid 2011 onwards. For higher beam energy and lower magnet quench limits, the problem is expected to be considerably worse, though. In 2011/12, the diagnostics for UFO events were significantly improved: dedicated experiments and measurements in the LHC and in the laboratory were made and complemented by FLUKA simulations and theoretical studies. The state of knowledge, extrapolations for nominal LHC operation and mitigation strategies are presented.

THPPR037

Estimation of Thresholds for the Signals of the BLMs around the LHC Final Focus Triplet Magnets

4053

M. Sapinski, F. Cerutti, B. Dehning, A. Ferrari, A. Lechner, M. Mauri, A. Mereghetti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C. Hoa
CEA-CENG, Grenoble, France

The Interaction Points of the Large Hadron Collider are the regions where the two circulating beams collide. Hence, the magnets the closest to any Interaction Point are exposed to an elevated radiation field due to the collision debris. In this study the signal in the Beam Loss Monitors due to the debris is estimated and compared with the measurements. In addition, the energy density in the coils and the signal in the Beam Loss Monitors at quench are estimated for various beam loss scenarios. It is shown that the Beam Loss Monitors, as presently installed on the outside of the vacuum vessel of the magnets, cannot disentangle the signals due to a localised halo loss from that of the constant signal due to the collision debris.