ICALEPCS2015 - List of Keywords (proton)

Paper	Title	Other Keywords	Page
MOPGF030	Upgrade of the Control and Interlock Systems for the Magnet Power Supplies in T2K Primary Beamline	controls, PLC, EPICS, operation	160
	K. Nakayoshi, Y. Fujii, K. Sakashita KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
	T2K is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment at J-PARC in Japan. High intensity neutrino/antineutrino beam is generated and propagates 295km to Super-Kamiokande. High intensity proton beam, 350 kW in May 2015, is extracted from Main Ring synchrotron, guided through a primary proton beamline to a graphite target using normal-conducting (NC) magnets and super-conducting combined-function magnets. In October 2014, we replaced all the power supplies (PSs) for NC magnets with newly developed PSs. We also developed new control system based on EPICS and PLCs, putting emphasis on the safe operation of power supplies, and integrated it into the existing interlock system. Consequently the latency time for the interlock system was improved. We report the actual implementation and operation results of these developments.
	Poster MOPGF030 [2.620 MB]
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MOPGF091	White-Rabbit Based Revolution Frequency Program for the Longitudinal Beam Control of the CERN PS	controls, ion, FPGA, injection	286
	D. Perrelet, Y. Brischetto, H. Damerau, A.V. Villanueva CERN, Geneva, Switzerland D. Oberson HEIA-FR, Fribourg, Switzerland M.V. Sundal IST, Lisboa, Portugal
	The measured bending field of the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) is received in real-time by the longitudinal beam control system and converted into the revolution frequency used as set-point for beam phase and radial loops. With the renovation of the bending field measurement system the transmission technique is changed from a differential sequence of pulses, the so-called B-train, to a stream of Ethernet frames based on the White Rabbit protocol. The packets contain field, its derivative and auxiliary information. A new frequency program for the conversion of the bending field into the revolution frequency, depending also on parameters like radius of the accelerator and the particle type, has been developed. Instead of storing large conversion tables from field to frequency for fixed parameters, the frequencies are directly calculated in programmable logic (FPGA). In order to reduce development time and keep flexibility, the conversion is processed in real-time in the FPGA using Xilinx floating-point primitives mapped by a higher level tool Simulink System Generator. Commissioning with beam of the new frequency program in the PS is progressing. Authors: D. Perrelet, Y. Brischetto, H. Damerau, D. Oberson, M. Sundal, A. Villanueva
	Poster MOPGF091 [1.047 MB]
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MOPGF123	Upgrades of Temperature Measurements and Interlock System for the Production Target at J-PARC Hadoron Experimental Facility	target, extraction, EPICS, hadron	371
	K. Agari, Y. Morino, Y. Sato, A. Toyoda KEK, Tsukuba, Japan
	Funding: This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid (No. 26800153) for Young Scientists (B) of the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [MEXT]. Hadron experimental facility is designed to handle intense slow-extraction proton beam from Main Ring (MR) of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). On May 23, 2013, 2×10¹³ proton beams were instantaneously extracted to Hadron experimental facility in 5 milliseconds due to the malfunction of the power supply for Extraction Quadrapole magnet for a spill feedback at MR. Therefore the production target made of gold was locally damaged at Hadron experimental facility because of overheat by absorbing proton beam. After the accident we upgraded target temperature measurements with 100 milliseconds sampling and synchronization with beam spills in order to promptly detect damage to the production target as soon as possible. In addition, we also upgraded temperature trend graphs and an interlock system in order to figure out the state of the production target. Currently Hadron experimental facility ready to accept slow-extraction proton beam. The results of the temperature measurements and the interlock system for the production target during beam operation at J-PARC Hadron experimental facility, will be reported in this paper.
	Poster MOPGF123 [0.501 MB]
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MOPGF126	A Modified Functional Safety Method for Predicting False Beam Trips and Blind Failures in the Design Phase of the ESS Beam Interlock System	diagnostics, hardware, linac, software	378
	R. Andersson, E. Bargalló, A. Monera Martinez, A. Nordt ESS, Lund, Sweden
	As accelerators are becoming increasingly powerful, the requirement of a reliable machine protection system is apparent to avoid beam-induced damage to the equipment. A missed detection of a hazard is undesirable as it could lead to equipment damage on very short time scales. In addition, the number of false beam trips, leading to unnecessary downtime, should be kept at a minimum to achieve user satisfaction. This paper describes a method for predicting and mitigating these faults, based on the architecture of the system. The method is greatly influenced by the IEC61508 standard for functional safety for the industry and implements a Failure Mode, Effects, and Diagnostics Analysis (FMEDA). It is suggested that this method is applied at an early stage in the design phase of a high-power accelerator, so that possible protection and mitigation can be suggested and implemented in the interlock system logic. The method described in this paper is currently applied at the European Spallation Source and the results follow from the analysis on the Beam Interlock System of this facility.
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MOPGF162	MaRIE - Instrumentation & Control System Design Status and Options	controls, linac, undulator, electron	468
	M. Pieck, R.W. Garnett, F.E. Shelley, B.G. Smith LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract W-7405-ENG-36. LA-UR-15-27877 Los Alamos National Laboratory has defined a new signature science facility, Matter-Radiation Interactions in Extremes (MaRIE) that builds on the existing capabilities of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). It will be the first multi-probe materials research center to combine high-energy, high-repetition-rate, coherent x-rays with electron and proton-beam charged-particle imaging to perform in-situ measurements of a sample in extreme environments. At its core, a 42-keV XFEL will be coupled with the LANSCE MW proton accelerator. A pre-conceptual design for MaRIE has been established. Technical risk reduction for the project includes an injector test-stand that is currently being designed. New accelerators are either planned, under construction, or currently in operation around the world, providing opportunities for the MaRIE project to leverage the instrumentation & controls (I&C) efforts of these facilities to minimize non-recurring engineering costs. This paper discusses possible MaRIE I&C system implementation choices and trade-offs, and also provides an overview of the proposed MaRIE facilities and the current design.
	Poster MOPGF162 [0.428 MB]
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MOPGF174	Laser-driven Hadron Therapy Project	laser, hadron, ion, target	490
	F. Scarlat, A.M. Scarisoreanu INFLPR, Bucharest - Magurele, Romania Fl. Scarlat Bit Solutions, Bucharest, Romania N. Verga Univerity of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', Bucharest, Romania
	The laser beam (10 PW, 15 fs, 150 J, 1023 W/cm²) generated by APOLLON Laser System, now under construction on Magurele Platform near Bucharest may also be applied in radiotherapy. Starting from this potential application, location of malign tumors in patient may be situated, e.g., superficial (≤5 cm), semi-deep (5-10 cm) and profound (>10-40 cm). This paper presents the main physical parameters of a research project for a therapy based on hadrons controlled by laser, for the treatment of superficial and semi-deep tumors. Energies required for pin-pointing the depth of such tumors are 50-117 MeV for protons and 100-216 MeV/u for carbon ions. Hadron beams with such energies can be generated by the mechanism Radiation Pressure Acceleration (RPA). Besides, the control systems to provide the daily absorbed dose from the direct and indirect ionizing radiation at the level of the malign tumor of 2 Gy in 1 or 2 minutes with expanded uncertainty of 3% are presented.
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TUC3O02	Design, Implementation and Setup of the Fast Protection System for CSNS	neutron, rfq, ion, timing	543
	D.P. Jin, Y.L. Zhang, P. Zhu IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Design, implementation and setup of a FPGA and RocketIO based FPS(Fast Protection System) for CSNS(China Spallation Neutron Source) is introduced. This system is a compact design with high speed serial transmission techniques. RocketIOs (or MGTs) and optical transceivers are used to transmit the interlock signals, with each link to carry 16 signals. Ground loop problems are avoided since the use of fibers. Dedicated firmware is developed for the auto-working of the serial links when both fibers are plugged in under power-on state. A real-time online heart-beat function is also implemented for each interlock signal to make sure the overall safety of the system. The whole system is under installation and will be put into use soon part by part according to the progress of the civil construction and equipment installation.
	Slides TUC3O02 [3.493 MB]
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TUC3O03	Development and Realisation of the ESS Machine Protection Concept	neutron, operation, target, monitoring	545
	A. Nordt, R. Andersson, T. Korhonen, A. Monera Martinez, M. Zaera-Sanz ESS, Lund, Sweden A. Apollonio, R. Schmidt CERN, Geneva, Switzerland C. Hilbes ZHAW, Winterthur, Switzerland
	ESS is facing extremely high beam availability requirements and is largely relying on custom made, very specialised, and expensive equipment for its operation. The proton beam power with an average of 5MW per pulse will be unprecedented and its uncontrolled release can lead to serious damage of the delicate equipment, causing long shutdown periods, inducing high financial losses and, as a main point, interfering drastically with international scientific research programs relying on ESS operation. Implementing a fit-for-purpose machine protection concept is one of the key challenges in order to mitigate these risks. The development and realisation of the measures needed to implement such concept to the correct level in case of a complex facility like the ESS, requires a systematic approach, and will be discussed in this paper.
	Slides TUC3O03 [11.931 MB]
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TUC3O04	Reusable Patient Safety System Framework for the Proton Therapy Centre at PSI	GUI, EPICS, FPGA, interface	549
	P. Fernandez Carmona, M. Eichin, M. Grossmann, E. Johansen, A. Mayor, H.A. Regele PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
	A new gantry for cancer treatment is being installed at the Proton Therapy Centre in the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), where already two gantries and a fixed line operate. A protection system is required to ensure the safety of patients, requiring stricter redundancy, verification and quality assurance (QA) measures than other accelerators. It supervises the Therapy System, sensors, monitors and operator interface and can actuate magnets and beam blockers. We built a reusable framework to increase the maintainability of the system using the commercial IFC1210 VME controller, developed for other PSI facilities. It features a FPGA implementing all the safety logic and two processors, one dedicated to debugging and the other to integrating in the facility's EPICS environment. The framework permitted us to reduce the design and test time by an estimated 40% thanks to a modular approach. It will also allow a future renovation of other areas with minimum effort. Additionally it provides built-in diagnostics such as time measurement statistics, interlock analysis and internal visibility. The automation of several tasks reduces the burden of QA in an environment with tight time constraints.
	Slides TUC3O04 [10.390 MB]
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TUC3O06	Machine Protection System for the KOMAC 100-MeV Proton Linac	linac, ion, PLC, operation	558
	Y.G. Song, Y.-S. Cho, D.I. Kim, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, S.P. Yun KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea
	Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by MSIP(Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning) A Machine Protection System (MPS) is one of the important systems for the 100-MeV proton linear accelerator of the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC). The MPS is required to protect the very sensitive and essential equipment during machine operation. The purpose of the MPS is to shut off the beam when the Radio-Frequency (RF) and ion source are unstable or a beam loss monitor detects high activation. The MPS includes a variety of sources, such as beam loss, RF and high voltage converter modulator faults, fast closing valves for vacuum window leaks at the beam lines and so on. The MPS consists of a hard-wired protection for fast interlocks and a soft-wired protection for slow interlock. The hardware-based MPS has been fabricated, and the requirement has been satisfied with the results within 3 μs. The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) control system has been also designed to monitor and control the MPS using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). This paper describes the design and implementation of the MPS for the 100-MeV proton linear accelerator of the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC).
	Slides TUC3O06 [12.870 MB]
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Paper

Title

Other Keywords

Page

MOPGF030

Upgrade of the Control and Interlock Systems for the Magnet Power Supplies in T2K Primary Beamline

controls, PLC, EPICS, operation

160

K. Nakayoshi, Y. Fujii, K. Sakashita
KEK, Tsukuba, Japan

T2K is a long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiment at J-PARC in Japan. High intensity neutrino/antineutrino beam is generated and propagates 295km to Super-Kamiokande. High intensity proton beam, 350 kW in May 2015, is extracted from Main Ring synchrotron, guided through a primary proton beamline to a graphite target using normal-conducting (NC) magnets and super-conducting combined-function magnets. In October 2014, we replaced all the power supplies (PSs) for NC magnets with newly developed PSs. We also developed new control system based on EPICS and PLCs, putting emphasis on the safe operation of power supplies, and integrated it into the existing interlock system. Consequently the latency time for the interlock system was improved. We report the actual implementation and operation results of these developments.

Poster MOPGF030 [2.620 MB]

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MOPGF091

White-Rabbit Based Revolution Frequency Program for the Longitudinal Beam Control of the CERN PS

controls, ion, FPGA, injection

286

D. Perrelet, Y. Brischetto, H. Damerau, A.V. Villanueva
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
D. Oberson
HEIA-FR, Fribourg, Switzerland
M.V. Sundal
IST, Lisboa, Portugal

The measured bending field of the CERN Proton Synchrotron (PS) is received in real-time by the longitudinal beam control system and converted into the revolution frequency used as set-point for beam phase and radial loops. With the renovation of the bending field measurement system the transmission technique is changed from a differential sequence of pulses, the so-called B-train, to a stream of Ethernet frames based on the White Rabbit protocol. The packets contain field, its derivative and auxiliary information. A new frequency program for the conversion of the bending field into the revolution frequency, depending also on parameters like radius of the accelerator and the particle type, has been developed. Instead of storing large conversion tables from field to frequency for fixed parameters, the frequencies are directly calculated in programmable logic (FPGA). In order to reduce development time and keep flexibility, the conversion is processed in real-time in the FPGA using Xilinx floating-point primitives mapped by a higher level tool Simulink System Generator. Commissioning with beam of the new frequency program in the PS is progressing.
Authors: D. Perrelet, Y. Brischetto, H. Damerau, D. Oberson, M. Sundal, A. Villanueva

Poster MOPGF091 [1.047 MB]

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MOPGF123

Upgrades of Temperature Measurements and Interlock System for the Production Target at J-PARC Hadoron Experimental Facility

target, extraction, EPICS, hadron

371

K. Agari, Y. Morino, Y. Sato, A. Toyoda
KEK, Tsukuba, Japan

Funding: This work was supported by Grant-in-Aid (No. 26800153) for Young Scientists (B) of the Japan Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology [MEXT].
Hadron experimental facility is designed to handle intense slow-extraction proton beam from Main Ring (MR) of Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC). On May 23, 2013, 2×10¹³ proton beams were instantaneously extracted to Hadron experimental facility in 5 milliseconds due to the malfunction of the power supply for Extraction Quadrapole magnet for a spill feedback at MR. Therefore the production target made of gold was locally damaged at Hadron experimental facility because of overheat by absorbing proton beam. After the accident we upgraded target temperature measurements with 100 milliseconds sampling and synchronization with beam spills in order to promptly detect damage to the production target as soon as possible. In addition, we also upgraded temperature trend graphs and an interlock system in order to figure out the state of the production target. Currently Hadron experimental facility ready to accept slow-extraction proton beam. The results of the temperature measurements and the interlock system for the production target during beam operation at J-PARC Hadron experimental facility, will be reported in this paper.

Poster MOPGF123 [0.501 MB]

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MOPGF126

A Modified Functional Safety Method for Predicting False Beam Trips and Blind Failures in the Design Phase of the ESS Beam Interlock System

diagnostics, hardware, linac, software

378

R. Andersson, E. Bargalló, A. Monera Martinez, A. Nordt
ESS, Lund, Sweden

As accelerators are becoming increasingly powerful, the requirement of a reliable machine protection system is apparent to avoid beam-induced damage to the equipment. A missed detection of a hazard is undesirable as it could lead to equipment damage on very short time scales. In addition, the number of false beam trips, leading to unnecessary downtime, should be kept at a minimum to achieve user satisfaction. This paper describes a method for predicting and mitigating these faults, based on the architecture of the system. The method is greatly influenced by the IEC61508 standard for functional safety for the industry and implements a Failure Mode, Effects, and Diagnostics Analysis (FMEDA). It is suggested that this method is applied at an early stage in the design phase of a high-power accelerator, so that possible protection and mitigation can be suggested and implemented in the interlock system logic. The method described in this paper is currently applied at the European Spallation Source and the results follow from the analysis on the Beam Interlock System of this facility.

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MOPGF162

MaRIE - Instrumentation & Control System Design Status and Options

controls, linac, undulator, electron

468

M. Pieck, R.W. Garnett, F.E. Shelley, B.G. Smith
LANL, Los Alamos, New Mexico, USA

Funding: Work supported by Los Alamos National Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy under contract W-7405-ENG-36. LA-UR-15-27877
Los Alamos National Laboratory has defined a new signature science facility, Matter-Radiation Interactions in Extremes (MaRIE) that builds on the existing capabilities of the Los Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE). It will be the first multi-probe materials research center to combine high-energy, high-repetition-rate, coherent x-rays with electron and proton-beam charged-particle imaging to perform in-situ measurements of a sample in extreme environments. At its core, a 42-keV XFEL will be coupled with the LANSCE MW proton accelerator. A pre-conceptual design for MaRIE has been established. Technical risk reduction for the project includes an injector test-stand that is currently being designed. New accelerators are either planned, under construction, or currently in operation around the world, providing opportunities for the MaRIE project to leverage the instrumentation & controls (I&C) efforts of these facilities to minimize non-recurring engineering costs. This paper discusses possible MaRIE I&C system implementation choices and trade-offs, and also provides an overview of the proposed MaRIE facilities and the current design.

Poster MOPGF162 [0.428 MB]

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MOPGF174

Laser-driven Hadron Therapy Project

laser, hadron, ion, target

490

F. Scarlat, A.M. Scarisoreanu
INFLPR, Bucharest - Magurele, Romania
Fl. Scarlat
Bit Solutions, Bucharest, Romania
N. Verga
Univerity of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Carol Davila', Bucharest, Romania

The laser beam (10 PW, 15 fs, 150 J, 1023 W/cm²) generated by APOLLON Laser System, now under construction on Magurele Platform near Bucharest may also be applied in radiotherapy. Starting from this potential application, location of malign tumors in patient may be situated, e.g., superficial (≤5 cm), semi-deep (5-10 cm) and profound (>10-40 cm). This paper presents the main physical parameters of a research project for a therapy based on hadrons controlled by laser, for the treatment of superficial and semi-deep tumors. Energies required for pin-pointing the depth of such tumors are 50-117 MeV for protons and 100-216 MeV/u for carbon ions. Hadron beams with such energies can be generated by the mechanism Radiation Pressure Acceleration (RPA). Besides, the control systems to provide the daily absorbed dose from the direct and indirect ionizing radiation at the level of the malign tumor of 2 Gy in 1 or 2 minutes with expanded uncertainty of 3% are presented.

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TUC3O02

Design, Implementation and Setup of the Fast Protection System for CSNS

neutron, rfq, ion, timing

543

D.P. Jin, Y.L. Zhang, P. Zhu
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Design, implementation and setup of a FPGA and RocketIO based FPS(Fast Protection System) for CSNS(China Spallation Neutron Source) is introduced. This system is a compact design with high speed serial transmission techniques. RocketIOs (or MGTs) and optical transceivers are used to transmit the interlock signals, with each link to carry 16 signals. Ground loop problems are avoided since the use of fibers. Dedicated firmware is developed for the auto-working of the serial links when both fibers are plugged in under power-on state. A real-time online heart-beat function is also implemented for each interlock signal to make sure the overall safety of the system. The whole system is under installation and will be put into use soon part by part according to the progress of the civil construction and equipment installation.

Slides TUC3O02 [3.493 MB]

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TUC3O03

Development and Realisation of the ESS Machine Protection Concept

neutron, operation, target, monitoring

545

A. Nordt, R. Andersson, T. Korhonen, A. Monera Martinez, M. Zaera-Sanz
ESS, Lund, Sweden
A. Apollonio, R. Schmidt
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
C. Hilbes
ZHAW, Winterthur, Switzerland

ESS is facing extremely high beam availability requirements and is largely relying on custom made, very specialised, and expensive equipment for its operation. The proton beam power with an average of 5MW per pulse will be unprecedented and its uncontrolled release can lead to serious damage of the delicate equipment, causing long shutdown periods, inducing high financial losses and, as a main point, interfering drastically with international scientific research programs relying on ESS operation. Implementing a fit-for-purpose machine protection concept is one of the key challenges in order to mitigate these risks. The development and realisation of the measures needed to implement such concept to the correct level in case of a complex facility like the ESS, requires a systematic approach, and will be discussed in this paper.

Slides TUC3O03 [11.931 MB]

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TUC3O04

Reusable Patient Safety System Framework for the Proton Therapy Centre at PSI

GUI, EPICS, FPGA, interface

549

P. Fernandez Carmona, M. Eichin, M. Grossmann, E. Johansen, A. Mayor, H.A. Regele
PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland

A new gantry for cancer treatment is being installed at the Proton Therapy Centre in the Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), where already two gantries and a fixed line operate. A protection system is required to ensure the safety of patients, requiring stricter redundancy, verification and quality assurance (QA) measures than other accelerators. It supervises the Therapy System, sensors, monitors and operator interface and can actuate magnets and beam blockers. We built a reusable framework to increase the maintainability of the system using the commercial IFC1210 VME controller, developed for other PSI facilities. It features a FPGA implementing all the safety logic and two processors, one dedicated to debugging and the other to integrating in the facility's EPICS environment. The framework permitted us to reduce the design and test time by an estimated 40% thanks to a modular approach. It will also allow a future renovation of other areas with minimum effort. Additionally it provides built-in diagnostics such as time measurement statistics, interlock analysis and internal visibility. The automation of several tasks reduces the burden of QA in an environment with tight time constraints.

Slides TUC3O04 [10.390 MB]

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TUC3O06

Machine Protection System for the KOMAC 100-MeV Proton Linac

linac, ion, PLC, operation

558

Y.G. Song, Y.-S. Cho, D.I. Kim, H.S. Kim, H.-J. Kwon, K.T. Seol, S.P. Yun
KAERI, Daejon, Republic of Korea

Funding: This work has been supported through KOMAC operation fund of KAERI by MSIP(Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning)
A Machine Protection System (MPS) is one of the important systems for the 100-MeV proton linear accelerator of the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC). The MPS is required to protect the very sensitive and essential equipment during machine operation. The purpose of the MPS is to shut off the beam when the Radio-Frequency (RF) and ion source are unstable or a beam loss monitor detects high activation. The MPS includes a variety of sources, such as beam loss, RF and high voltage converter modulator faults, fast closing valves for vacuum window leaks at the beam lines and so on. The MPS consists of a hard-wired protection for fast interlocks and a soft-wired protection for slow interlock. The hardware-based MPS has been fabricated, and the requirement has been satisfied with the results within 3 μs. The Experimental Physics and Industrial Control System (EPICS) control system has been also designed to monitor and control the MPS using a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). This paper describes the design and implementation of the MPS for the 100-MeV proton linear accelerator of the Korea Multi-purpose Accelerator Complex (KOMAC).

Slides TUC3O06 [12.870 MB]

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