Author: Spezzani, C.
Paper Title Page
MOOBNO01 First Lasing of FERMI FEL-2 1
 
  • L. Giannessi, E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio, R. Ivanov, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, I. Nikolov, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, L. Raimondi, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, M. Veronese, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • M. Dal Forno
    DEEI, Trieste, Italy
  • G. De Ninno, D. Gauthier
    University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
  • E. Ferrari, F. Parmigiani
    Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • L. Giannessi
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • B. Mahieu
    CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • M. Zangrando
    IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy
 
  During the month of October 2012 the commissioning of the light source FEL-2 at FERMI was successfully concluded. Fermi FEL-2 is the first seeded FEL operating with a double stage cascade in the "fresh bunch injection" mode*. The two stages are two high gain harmonic generation FELs where the first stage is seeded by the 3rd harmonic of a Ti:Sa laser system, which is up converted to the 4th-6th harmonic. The output of the first stage is then used to seed the second stage. A final wavelengths of 10.8 nm was obtained as the 24th harmonic of the seed wavelength at the end of the two frequency conversion processes, demonstrating that the FEL is capable of producing single mode narrow bandwidth pulses with an energy of several tens of microjoules.
*I. Ben-Zvi, K. M. Yang, L. H. Yu, ”The ”fresh-bunch” technique in FELs”, NIM A 318 (1992), p 726-729
 
slides icon Slides MOOBNO01 [25.265 MB]  
 
MOOCNO01 Emittance Control in the Presence of Collective Effects in the FERMI@Elettra Free Electron Laser Linac Driver 6
 
  • S. Di Mitri, E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, M. Cornacchia, P. Craievich, M. Dal Forno, G. De Ninno, W.M. Fawley, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, L. Giannessi, E. Karantzoulis, A.A. Lutman, G. Penco, C. Serpico, S. Spampinati, C. Spezzani, M. Trovò, M. Veronese
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • P. Craievich
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • M. Dal Forno
    University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • G. De Ninno, S. Spampinati
    University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
  • E. Ferrari
    Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • L. Giannessi
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • A.A. Lutman
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
 
  Recent beam transport experiments conducted on the the linac driving the FERMI@Elettra free electron laser have provided new insights concerning the transverse emittance degradation due to both coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) and geometric transverse wakefield (GTW), together with methods to counteract such degradation. For beam charges of several 100's of pC, optics control in a magnetic compressor results to minimize the CSR once the H-function is considered*. We successfully extended this approach to the case of a modified double bend achromat system, opening the door to relatively large bending angles and compact transfer lines**. At the same time, the GTWs excited in few mm diameter iris collimators*** and accelerating structures have been characterized in terms of the induced emittance growth. A model integrating both CSR and GTW effects suggests that there is a limit on the maximum obtainable electron beam brightness in the presence of such collective effects.
* S. Di Mitri et al., PRST-AB 15, 020701 (2012)
** S. Di Mitri et al., PRL 110, 014801 (2013)
*** S. Di Mitri et al., PRST-AB 15, 061001 (2012)
 
slides icon Slides MOOCNO01 [6.919 MB]  
 
MOPSO02 Measurement of Electron-Beam and Seed Laser Properties Using an Energy Chirped Electron Beam 24
 
  • E. Allaria, G. De Ninno, S. Di Mitri, W.M. Fawley, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, G. Penco, P. Sigalotti, S. Spampinati, C. Spezzani, M. Trovò
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • G. De Ninno, S. Spampinati
    University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
  • E. Ferrari
    Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
 
  We present a new method that uses CCD images of the FERMI electron beam at the dump spectrometer after the undulator to determine various electron beam and external seed laser properties. By taking advantage of the correlation between time and electron beam energy for a quasi-linearly chirped electron beam and the fact that the FERMI seed laser pulse (~180 fs) is much shorter than the electron beam duration (~1 ps), measurements of the e-beam pulse length and temporally local energy chirp and current are possible. Moreover, the scheme allows accurate determination of the timing jitter between the electron beam and the seed laser, as well as a measure of the latter's effective pulse length in the FEL undulators. The scheme can be also provide an independent measure of the energy transferred from the electron beam to the FEL output radiation. We describe the proposed method as well as some experimental results obtained at the seeded FERMI FEL.  
 
TUOCNO01 Electron Beam Longitudinal Phase Space Manipulation by Means of an AD-HOC Photoinjector Laser Pulse Shaping 180
 
  • G. Penco, D. Castronovo, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, W.M. Fawley, L. Giannessi, C. Spezzani, M. Trovò
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
 
  In a seeded FEL machine as FERMI, the interplay between the electrons energy curvature and the seed laser frequency chirp has a relevant impact on the output FEL spectrum. It is therefore crucial controlling and manipulating the electron beam longitudinal phase space at the undulator entrance. In case of very short bunches, i.e. high compression scheme, the longitudinal wakefields generated in the linac induce a positive quadratic curvature in the electrons longitudinal phase space that is hard to compensate by tuning the phase of the main RF sections or the possible high harmonic cavity. At FERMI we have experimentally exploited a longitudinal ramp current distribution at the cathode, obtained with an ad-hoc photoinjector laser pulse shaping, to linearize the longitudinal wakefields in the downstream linac and flatten the electrons energy distribution, as theoretical foreseen in [1]. Longitudinal phase space measurements in this novel configuration are here presented, providing a comparison with the typical longitudinal flat-top profile.
[1] Phys. Rev. Special Topics - Accel. and Beams 9 (12), 120701 (2006)
 
slides icon Slides TUOCNO01 [28.792 MB]  
 
WEPSO22 FERMI@Elettra Status Report 546
 
  • L. Giannessi, E. Allaria, F. Bencivenga, C. Callegari, F. Capotondi, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, P. Craievich, I. Cudin, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, R. De Monte, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, A. Fabris, R. Fabris, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, P. Furlan Radivo, G. Gaio, M. Kiskinova, M. Lonza, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, C. Masciovecchio, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, M. Predonzani, E. Principi, L. Raimondi, F. Rossi, L. Rumiz, C. Scafuri, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, S. Spampinati, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, A. Vascotto, M. Veronese, R. Visintini, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • P. Craievich
    PSI, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
  • L. Giannessi
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • B. Mahieu
    CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
 
  Funding: Work supported in part by the Italian Ministry of University and Research under grants FIRB-RBAP045JF2 and FIRB-RBAP06AWK3
In this paper we report about the status of FERMI, the seeded Free Electron Laser located at the Elettra laboratory in Trieste, Italy. The facility welcomed the first external users on FEL-1 between December 2012 and March 2013, operating at wavelengths between 65 and 20 nm. Variable polarization and tunability of the radiation wavelength were widely used. Photon energies attained up to 200 microJoule, depending on the grade of spectral purity requested and on the selected wavelength. Pump-probe experiments were performed, both by double FEL pulses obtained via double pulse seeding of the electron beam and by providing part of the seed laser to the experimental stations as user laser. The FEL-2 line, covering the lower wavelength range between 20 and 4 nm thanks to a double stage cascaded HGHG scheme, operating in the "fresh bunch injection” mode, generated its first coherent photons in October 2012 and has seen further progress during the commissioning phases in 2013, at higher electron beam energy. In fact we will also report on the linac energy increase to 1.5 GeV and on the repetition rate upgrade from 10 to 50 Hz and eventually comment on the FEL operability and uptime.
 
 
WEPSO67 Progress with the FERMI Laser Heater Commissioning 680
 
  • S. Spampinati, E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, L. Giannessi, G. Penco, C. Spezzani, M. Trovò
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
 
  FERMI@ELETTRA is a seeded free electron laser facility composed by one linac and two FEL lines named FEL-1 and FEL-2. FEL-1 works in HGHG configuration, while FEL2 is a HGHG cascade implementing "fresh bunch" injection into the second stage. Perfomance of FEL-1 and FEL-2 lines have benefited from the use of the laser heater system, which is located right after the injector, at 100 MeV beam energy. Proper tuning of the laser heater parameters has allowed control of the microbunching instability, which is otherwise expected to degrade the high brightness electron beam quality sufficiently to reduce the FEL power. The laser heater was commissioned one year ago and positive effects upon microbunching instabilities and FEL-1 performance was soon observed. In this work we presents further measurements of microbunching suppression in two compressors scheme showing directly the reduction of beam slice energy spread due to laser heater action. We present measuerements showing the impact of the laser heater on FEL2  
 
THIANO01 Double Stage Seeded FEL with Fresh Bunch Injection Technique at FERMI 723
 
  • E. Allaria, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, G. D'Auria, M. Dal Forno, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, M. Ferianis, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, G. Gaio, L. Giannessi, R. Ivanov, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, I. Nikolov, F. Parmigiani, G. Penco, L. Raimondi, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, C. Spezzani, M. Svandrlik, C. Svetina, M. Trovò, M. Veronese, D. Zangrando, M. Zangrando
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • M. Dal Forno
    DEEI, Trieste, Italy
  • G. De Ninno, D. Gauthier
    University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
  • E. Ferrari, F. Parmigiani
    Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • L. Giannessi
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • B. Mahieu
    CEA/DSM/DRECAM/SPAM, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
  • M. Zangrando
    IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy
 
  Seeding a FEL with an external coherent source has been extensively studied in the last decades as it can provide a way to enhance the radiation brightness and stability, with respect to that available from SASE. An efficient scheme for seed a VUV-soft x ray FEL uses, a powerful, long wavelength external laser to induce on the electron beam coherent bunching at the harmonics of the laser wavelength. When the bunching is further amplified by FEL interaction in the radiator, the scheme is called high gain harmonic generation (HGHG). The need of high power seed sources and of small energy spread are at the main limits for a direct extension of the HGHG scheme to short wavelengths. The fresh bunch scheme was proposed as a way to overcome these limitations; the scheme foresees the FEL radiation produced by one HGHG stage as an external seed in a second HGHG stage. We report the latest results obtained at FERMI that uses the two-stage HGHG scheme for generation of FEL pulses in the soft x-ray. A characterization of the FEL performance in terms of power, bandwidth and stability is reported. Starting from the FERMI results we will discuss extension of the scheme toward shorter wavelengths.  
slides icon Slides THIANO01 [9.355 MB]  
 
THOCNO04 Jitter-free Time Resolved Resonant CDI Experiments Using Two-color FEL Pulses Generated by the Same Electron Bunch 753
 
  • M. Zangrando, E. Allaria, F. Bencivenga, F. Capotondi, D. Castronovo, P. Cinquegrana, M.B. Danailov, G. De Ninno, A.A. Demidovich, S. Di Mitri, B. Diviacco, W.M. Fawley, E. Ferrari, L. Fröhlich, L. Giannessi, R. Ivanov, M. Kiskinova, B. Mahieu, N. Mahne, C. Masciovecchio, I. Nikolov, E. Pedersoli, G. Penco, L. Raimondi, C. Serpico, P. Sigalotti, S. Spampinati, C. Spezzani, C. Svetina, M. Trovò
    Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste S.C.p.A., Basovizza, Italy
  • G. De Ninno, D. Gauthier
    University of Nova Gorica, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
  • D. Fausti
    Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy
  • L. Giannessi
    ENEA C.R. Frascati, Frascati (Roma), Italy
  • M. Zangrando
    IOM-CNR, Trieste, Italy
 
  The generation of two-color FEL pulses by the same electron bunch at FERMI-FEL has opened unprecedented opportunity for jitter-free FEL pump-FEL probe time resolved coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) experiments in order to access spatial aspects in dynamic processes. This possibility was first explored in proof-of-principle resonant CDI experiments using specially designed sample consisting of Ti grating. The measurements performed tuning the energies of the FEL pulses to the Ti M-absorption edge clearly demonstrated the time dependence of Ti optical constants while varying the FEL-pump intensity and probe time delay. The next planned CDI experiments in 2013 will explore transient states in multicomponent nanostructures and magnetic systems, using the controlled linear or circular polarization of the two-color FEL pulses with temporal resolution in the fs to ps range.  
slides icon Slides THOCNO04 [8.778 MB]