WG5: ERL applications
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MOCOYBS02
 A Hard X-Ray FEL and Nuclear Physics Facility Based on a Multi-Pass Recirculating Superconducting CW Linac with Energy Recovery  
 
  • P.H. Williams
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • P.H. Williams
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  A multi-pass recirculating superconducting CW linac offers a cost effective path to a multi-user facility with unprecedented scientific and industrial reach over a wide range of disciplines. We propose such a facility to be constructed in stages. The first stage constitutes an option for a potential UK-XFEL; the linac will simultaneously drive a suite of short wavelength Free Electron Lasers (FELs) capable of providing high average power (MHz repetition rate) at up to 10 keV photons and high pulse energy (3 mJ) 25 keV photons. The system architecture is chosen to enable additional coherent sources at longer wavelengths, depending on community need. In later stages the scope of the project expands; we propose beam transport modifications to enable operation in Energy Recovery mode. This enables multi-MHz FEL sources, e.g. an X-ray FEL oscillator. Combining with lasers and / or self-interaction will provide access to MeV and GeV gamma-rays via inverse Compton scattering at high average power. Opportunities are also created for internal target and fixed target experiments. We explore possible system architectures and outline a path to confirm feasibility through experiments.  
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MOCOYBS03
 Nuclear Photonics with an ERL-Based Hard X-Ray Source  
 
  • N. Pietralla
    TU Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
  
  Funding: Supported by DFG under grants GRK 2128 and SFB 1245, by BMBF under grant 05P18RDEN9, and by the LOEWE initiative of the State of Hesse under grant "Nuclear Photonics".
Electromagnetic (EM) coupling is small compared to hadronic interaction. Reaction cross sections of EM probes with nuclei can be, therefore, calculated perturbatively and are in principle under control to any desired precision. EM probes are, thus, well appreciated for being best suited for precision studies of nuclear structure. They have significantly contributed to our understanding of nuclear structure physics through a vast amount of precision data in the past. Accelerator technology and instrumentation have been advanced in recent years. Hard X-ray sources based on Compton scattering of laser beams on intense electron beams were developed and provide quasi-monochromatic, energy-tunable, fully polarized gamma-ray beams for photonuclear reactions. This opens up the new field of "Nuclear Photonics". Fundamentals of photonuclear reactions will be discussed. Examples for photonuclear reactions from the superconducting Darmstadt linear electron accelerator, S-DALINAC, [1, 2] and from the High-Intensity gamma-ray Source (HIgS) at Duke Univ. will be provided [3, 4]. We will dare an outlook to future opportunities for Nuclear Photonics at ERL-based hard X-ray sources.
[1] N. Pietralla, Nucl. Phys. News 28, 4 (2018).
[2] C. Kremer et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 117, 172503 (2016).
[3] T. Beck et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 118, 212502 (2017).
[4] J. Isaak et al., submitted. 		 
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MOCOYBS04 Electrodisintegration of 16O and the Rate Determination of the Radiative Alpha Capture on 12C at Stellar Energies 18
 
  • I. Friščić, T.W. Donnelly, R. Milner
    MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
  
  Funding: This research is supported by the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Physics (Grant No. DE-FG02-94ER40818)
For over five decades one of the most important goals of experimental nuclear astrophysics has been to reduce the uncertainty in the S-factor of radiative alpha capture on 12C at stellar energies. We have developed a simple model, which relates the radiative capture reaction and the exclusive electrodisintegration reaction. We then show that by measuring the rate of electrodisintegration of 16O in a high luminosity experiment using a state-of-the-art gas target and a new generation of energy-recovery linear (ERL) electron accelerators under development, it is possible to significantly improve the statistical uncertainty of the radiative alpha capture on 12C in terms of E1 and E2 S-factors in the astrophysically interesting region, which are the key inputs for any nucleosynthesis and stellar evolution models. The model needs to be validated experimentally, but, if successful, it can be used to improve the precision of other astrophysically-relevant, radiative capture reactions, thus opening a significant avenue of research that spans nuclear structure, astrophysics and high-power accelerator technology. 		 
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DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ERL2019-MOCOYBS04  
About • paper received ※ 15 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 04 November 2019       issue date ※ 24 June 2020  
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MOCOZBS01
 The Use of ERLs to Cool High Energy Ions in Electron-Ion Colliders  
 
  • S.V. Benson, A. Seryi, C. Tennant, Y. Zhang
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  • G. Stupakov
    SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
  • F.J. Willeke
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Authored by Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under U.S. DOE Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177
Future electron-ion colliders collide high-intensity ion beams with high current electron beams. The electron beams take advantage of synchrotron radiation to damp emittances but the ion beams must be cooled via a beam cooling mechanism, including electron cooling. The ion energies are typically a few hundreds of GeV per nucleon, for an electron-ion collider envisioned to be built in US. At this energy, DC coolers powered by electrostatic accelerators, are not useful. The ERL, in principle, can provide the high current and brightness to cool these high-brightness ion beams. The beam quality requirements are much different from previous ERLs designs used for FELs. The cooling bunch must be much longer than in an FEL and the relative energy spread must be very small. Incoherent cooling can be enhanced with magnetized beams, but the magnetization must be maintained throughout the ERL. An alternate cooling mechanism, the so-called Coherent Electron Cooling, is, in principle, stronger and can be done with non-magnetized beams. We will present several applications of ERLs to high energy electron cooling and describe the technical challenges that must be overcome to build such an ERL. 		 
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MOCOZBS02
 Industrial Applications of cERL  
 
  • H. Sakai
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  Funding: funded by Accelerator Inc. NEDO
We will present the various applications by using cERL accelerator. For exapmple, the development of the production of high power IR-FEL and THz radiation in cERL will be presented. Also the irradiation of high current electron beam of cERL for RI production and so on will be presented. 		 
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MOCOZBS03
 Recent Advances in Terahertz Photonics and Spectroscopy at Novosibirsk Free Electron Laser  
 
  • Y. Choporova
    BINP, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • V.V. Gerasimov, B.A. Knyazev
    NSU, Novosibirsk, Russia
  • Ya.V. Getmanov, B.A. Knyazev, G.N. Kulipanov, O.A. Shevchenko, N.A. Vinokurov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia
  
  The Novosibirsk free electron laser facility (NovoFEL) operates in the spectral range from 5 to 240 micrometer. High power, narrow linewidth and frequency tunability enable a wide variety of experiments. NovoFEL has eleven user stations open to local and external users. In this paper, we survey selected experiments in photonics performed recently at the facility, such as ellipsometry, holography, surface plasmon polaritons study, pump-probe spectroscopy, and the investigation of the Talbot effect. Additionally, this paper will focus on another field of terahertz (THz) photonics, the transformation of (FEL) radiation into modes different from a Gaussian. Optical elements for intense THz waves differ from classical optical elements. Diffractive optical elements (DOEs) become beneficial for beam manipulation. For instance, in biological experiments a uniform irradiation of substances might be necessary; beams with radial polarization may be required in experiments on the generation of plasmons on wires; pencil-like or "nondiffractive" Bessel beams could be applied to radioscopy of extended objects, etc. A brief overview of THz beam transformations with DOEs will be given.
All experiments were carried out using equipment of the Siberian Center for Synchrotron and Terahertz Radiation. The authors are grateful to the NovoFEL team for continuous support of the experiments. 		 
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WEPNEC11 X-Ray ICS Source Based on Modified Push-Pull ERLs 84
 
  • I. Drebot, A. Bacci, S. Cialdi, L. Faillace, D. Giannotti, M. Rossetti Conti, A.R. Rossi, L. Serafini, M. Statera, V. Torri
    INFN-Milano, Milano, Italy
  • A. Bosotti, F. Broggi, D. Giove, P. Michelato, L. Monaco, R. Paparella, D. Sertore
    INFN/LASA, Segrate (MI), Italy
  • P. Cardarelli, M. Gambaccini, G. Paternò, A. Taibi
    INFN-Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
  • A. Esposito, A. Gallo, C. Vaccarezza
    INFN/LNF, Frascati, Italy
  • G. Galzerano
    POLIMI, Milano, Italy
  • M. Gambaccini
    UNIFE, Ferrara, Italy
  • G. Mettivier, P. Russo
    UniNa, Napoli, Italy
  • V. Petrillo, F. Prelz
    Universita’ degli Studi di Milano & INFN, Milano, Italy
  • E. Puppin
    Politecnico/Milano, Milano, Italy
  • A. Sarno
    INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
  
  We present the conceptual designs of BriXS and BriXSino (a minimal test-bench demonstrator of proof of principle) for a compact X-ray Source based on innovative push-pull ERLs. BriXS, the first stage of the Marix project, is a Compton X-ray source based on superconducting cavity technology with energy recirculation and on a laser system in Fabry-Pérot cavity at a repetition rate of 100 MHz, producing 20-180 keV radiation for medical applications. The energy recovery scheme based on a modified folded push-pull CW-SC twin Linac ensemble allows to sustain MW-class beam power with almost just one hundred kW active power dissipation/consumption.  
DOI • reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-ERL2019-WEPNEC11  
About • paper received ※ 20 September 2019       paper accepted ※ 06 November 2019       issue date ※ 24 June 2020  
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WEPNEC20
 A Hard X-ray Compact Compton Source at CBETA  
 
  • J. Crone, H.L. Owen
    UMAN, Manchester, United Kingdom
  • K.E. Deitrick, C. Franck, K.W. Smolenski
    Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
  • B.D. Muratori
    Cockcroft Institute, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • B.D. Muratori
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  
  Compton backscattering at energy recovery linacs (ERLs) promise high flux, high energy x-ray sources in the future, made possible by high quality, high repetition rate electron beams produced by ERLs. CBETA, the Cornell-Brookhaven accelerator currently being commissioned at Cornell, is an SRF multi-turn ERL using Non-Scaling Fixed Field Alternating Gradient (NS-FFA) arcs. CBETA has high quality design parameters with an anticipated top energy of 150 MeV on the fourth pass. The expected parameters of a Compton source at CBETA include a top x-ray energy of over 400 keV with a flux on the order of 1012 ph/s. One particular application requiring a high energy, high flux source is spectroscopy in high energy atomic physics. In this paper, we present anticipated parameters and potential applications in science and engineering for this source.  
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WEPNEC24
 Design of an Energy Recovery Linac for Coherent Electron Cooling Experiment  
 
  • Y.C. Jing, V. Litvinenko, I. Pinayev, Y.H. Wu
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  • V. Litvinenko
    Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, USA
  • K. Shih
    SBU, Stony Brook, New York, USA
  
  Funding: Work is supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DEAC0298-CH10886 with the U.S. Department of Energy, DOE NP office grant DEFOA-0000632, and NSF grant PHY-1415252.
A Coherent electron Cooling (CeC) has a potential of substantial reducing cooling time of the high-energy hadrons and hence to boost luminosity in high-intensity hadron-hadron and electron-hadron colliders. In a CeC system, a high quality electron beam is generated, propagated and optimized through a beam line which was carefully designed with consideration of space charge effect, wakefields and nonlinear dynamics such as coherent synchrotron radiation and chromatic aberration. In this paper, we present our study on the beam dynamics of such a beam line and discuss the possibility of using an ERL for high repetition operation. 		 
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WECOYBS01
 ERL with Fixed Field Altrernating Linear Gradient Role in EIC  
 
  • D. Trbojevic, J.S. Berg, S.J. Brooks, F. Méot, T. Roser, N. Tsoupas
    BNL, Upton, New York, USA
  
  We present few examples of the ERL with a single Fixed Field Alternating Linear Gradient (FFA-LG) return lines for Electron Ion Colliders LHeC, FCC ee and eRHIC. Examples of smaller energy ERL’s with a single FFA-LG beam lines are shown as well. The large energy ERL’s require fixed field triplet quadrupoles inside of the superconducting linacs. Electrons from the linac pass through the FFA-LG single return line made of two parts: the adiabatic transition beam line where the cell lengths decreases adiabatically and the arc section with repetitive triplet cells. The time of flight of different energies are corrected by additional orbit oscillations of smaller and higher energies as the FFA-LG time of flight dependence is a parabolic function with respect to the energy.  
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WECOYBS05
 Asymmetric SRF Dual Axis Cavity for ERLs: Studies and Design for Ultimate Performance and Applications  
 
  • I.V. Konoplev, M.E. Topp-Mugglestone
    JAI, Oxford, United Kingdom
  • A.M. Bulygin, Ya.V. Shashkov
    MEPhI, Moscow, Russia
  • F. Marhauser, A. Seryi
    JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
  
  A dual axis asymmetric SCRF ERL has been recently proposed as a possible way to drive a high average current electron beam while avoiding the BBU instability excitation. Such high current ERLs can be attractive for the next generation light sources, beam cooling in electron ion collider and isotope production. Here the results of the studies of band-pass modes and HOMs will be shown. The field distribution of the modes will be shown and asymmetric field distribution of HOMs will be demonstrated and HOMs excitations using dipole couplers will be discussed. The original design of the dual axis asymmetric cavity has been optimised to minimize the peaks of magnetic and electric fields on the cavity surface, to increase the distance between operating mode and neighbouring parasitic mode as well as to reduce the cavity manufacturing cost. To reach the goals several solutions have been suggested leading to simplification of the manufacturing as well as bringing the fields amplitudes on the cavity surface to the acceptable values. The new design of the cavity will be presented and possible applications of such a high-current ERL will be discussed.  
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WECOYBS06
 Demonstration of THz Oscillation via Resonant Coherent Diffraction Radiation  
 
  • M. Shimada, A. Aryshev, Y. Honda, T. Miyajima, T. Obina, R. Ryukou, R. Takai, T. Uchiyama, N. Yamamoto
    KEK, Ibaraki, Japan
  
  ERL makes it possible to transport the short electron bunch with a high repetition frequency of 1.3 GHz. Coherent THz radiation from such short electron bunches is so intense as to be expected to utilize for many applications. We demonstrated the oscillation of the coherent diffraction radiation in the resonant optical cavity. In this presentation, we show recent progress.  
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FRCOYBS05
 Working Group Summary: ERL Applications  
 
  • D. Angal-Kalinin
    STFC/DL/ASTeC, Daresbury, Warrington, Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • O.S. Brüning
    CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
  
  To be added  
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