LINAC2014 - List of Authors (Lombardi, A.M.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOIOA02	Commissioning of the Low-Energy Part of Linac4	6
	A.M. Lombardi CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The Linac4 front-end (3MeV) was first commissioned in a dedicated test stand and then moved to its final position in the Linac4 tunnel. Accelerating cavities will be added progressively over two years to allow the characterisation of the beam with a dedicated measurement line at several energy stages (3,12,30,50, 100 and finally160MeV). This paper reports about the progress and the commissioning experience up to today.
	Slides MOIOA02 [5.339 MB]

MOPP025	Longitudinal Beam Profile Measurements in Linac4 Commissioning	108
	G. Bellodi, V.A. Dimov, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi, U. Raich, F. Roncarolo, F. Zocca CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Yarmohammadi Satri IPM, Tehran, Iran
	Linac4, the future 160 MeV H⁻ injector to the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster, is presently under construction at CERN as a central step of the planned upgrade of the LHC injectors. The Linac front-end, composed of a 45 keV ion source, a Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a 352.2 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and a Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) housing a beam chopper, has been installed and commissioned. Precise measurements of the longitudinalμbunch profiles of ion beams were possible with the help of a Bunch Shape Monitor (BSM) developed at INR Moscow. These were crucial for the successful commissioning of the three RF buncher cavities mounted along the MEBT and well complemented with higher precision the information provided in parallel by spectrometer measurements.

TUPP038	Transverse Beam Profile Measurements in the Linac4 Medium Energy Beam Transport	516
SUPG029	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	M. Yarmohammadi Satri, G. Bellodi, V.A. Dimov, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi, U. Raich, F. Roncarolo, F. Zocca CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Linac4 is a 160 MeV H⁻ linear accelerator presently under construction at CERN. It will replace the present 50 MeV proton Linac2 as injector of the proton accelerator complex as part of a project to increase the LHC luminosity. The Linac4 front-end, composed of a 45 keV ion source, a Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a 352.2 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) which accelerates the beam to 3 MeV and a Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) housing a beam chopper, has been commissioned in the Linac4 tunnel. The MEBT is composed of three buncher cavities and 11 quadrupole magnets to match the beam from the RFQ to the next accelerating structure (DTL) and it includes two wire scanners for beam profile measurement. In this paper we present the results of the profile measurements and we compare them with emittance measurements taken with a temporary slit-and-grid emittance measurement device located after the MEBT line.

THPP033	Linac4 Transverse and Longitudinal Emittance Reconstruction in the Presence of Space Charge	913
THPOL10	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	J.-B. Lallement, G. Bellodi, V.A. Dimov, A.M. Lombardi, M. Yarmohammadi Satri CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Yarmohammadi Satri IPM, Tehran, Iran
	Linac4 is a pulsed, normal-conducting 160 Mev H⁻ linear accelerator presently under construction at CERN. It will replace the present 50 MeV Linac2 as injector of the proton accelerator complex as part of a project to increase the LHC luminosity. The 3 MeV front end, composed of a 45 keV ion source, a Low Energy Beam transport (LEBT), a 352 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) at 3 MeV and Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) housing a beam chopper, and the first Drift Tube Linac (DTL) tank at 12 MeV have been commissioned during the first half of 2014. The transverse and longitudinal emittance reconstruction technique in the presence of space charge, that will be used for the next commissioning stages and permanently during the Linac operation, was successfully tested and validated. The reconstruction method and the results obtained at 3 and 12 MeV are presented in this paper.

THPP037	Commissioning and Operational Experience Gained with the Linac4 RFQ at CERN	926
THPOL02	use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code
	C. Rossi, L. Arnaudon, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, O. Brunner, J. Hansen, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi, J. Noirjean CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Desmons, A. France, O. Piquet CEA/DSM/IRFU, France
	The installation of Linac4 has started in 2013 with the 3 MeV Front End, aiming at delivering a fully commissioned 160 MeV H⁻ beam by 2016. During summer 2013 the H⁻ ion source, a clone of the first prototype, and the Low Energy Beam Transport lines have been installed in the Linac4 tunnel followed shortly by the Radiofrequency Quadrupole accelerator (RFQ), operating at the RF frequency of 352.2 MHz and which accelerates the ion beam to the energy of 3 MeV. The RFQ, which had already been commissioned at the 3 MeV Test Stand, was this time driven by a fully digital LLRF system. This paper reports the result of the bead-pull field check performed after the installation in the tunnel, the experience gained during recommissioning and the results of field characterization as a function of the water temperature in the RFQ cooling channels, showing how the accelerating field can be adjusted by simply tuning the different cavity modules.

THPP040	A Compact High-Frequency RFQ for Medical Applications	935
	M. Vretenar, A. Dallocchio, V.A. Dimov, M. Garlaschè, A. Grudiev, A.M. Lombardi, S.J. Mathot, E. Montesinos, M.A. Timmins CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the frame of a new program for medical applications, CERN has designed and is presently constructing a compact 750 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole to be used as injector for hadron therapy linacs. The RFQ reaches an energy of 5 MeV in only 2 meters; it is divided into four standardized modules of 500 mm, each equipped with 12 tuner ports and one RF input. The inner quadrant radius is 46 mm and the RFQ has an outer diameter of 134 mm; its total weight is only 220 kg. The beam dynamics and RF design have been optimized for reduced length and minimum RF power consumption; construction techniques have been adapted for future industrial production. The multiple RF ports are foreseen for using either 4 solid-state units or 4 IOT’s as RF power sources. Although hadron therapy requires only a low duty cycle, the RFQ has been designed for 5% duty cycle in view of other uses. This extremely compact and economical RFQ design opens several new perspectives for medical applications, in particular for PET isotopes production in hospitals with two coupled high-frequency RFQs reaching 10 MeV and for Technetium production for SPECT tomography with two RFQs followed by a DTL.

Paper

Title

Page

Commissioning of the Low-Energy Part of Linac4

6

A.M. Lombardi
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The Linac4 front-end (3MeV) was first commissioned in a dedicated test stand and then moved to its final position in the Linac4 tunnel. Accelerating cavities will be added progressively over two years to allow the characterisation of the beam with a dedicated measurement line at several energy stages (3,12,30,50, 100 and finally160MeV). This paper reports about the progress and the commissioning experience up to today.

Slides MOIOA02 [5.339 MB]

MOPP025

Longitudinal Beam Profile Measurements in Linac4 Commissioning

108

G. Bellodi, V.A. Dimov, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi, U. Raich, F. Roncarolo, F. Zocca
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Yarmohammadi Satri
IPM, Tehran, Iran

Linac4, the future 160 MeV H⁻ injector to the CERN Proton Synchrotron Booster, is presently under construction at CERN as a central step of the planned upgrade of the LHC injectors. The Linac front-end, composed of a 45 keV ion source, a Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a 352.2 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) and a Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) housing a beam chopper, has been installed and commissioned. Precise measurements of the longitudinalμbunch profiles of ion beams were possible with the help of a Bunch Shape Monitor (BSM) developed at INR Moscow. These were crucial for the successful commissioning of the three RF buncher cavities mounted along the MEBT and well complemented with higher precision the information provided in parallel by spectrometer measurements.

TUPP038

Transverse Beam Profile Measurements in the Linac4 Medium Energy Beam Transport

516

SUPG029

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

M. Yarmohammadi Satri, G. Bellodi, V.A. Dimov, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi, U. Raich, F. Roncarolo, F. Zocca
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Linac4 is a 160 MeV H⁻ linear accelerator presently under construction at CERN. It will replace the present 50 MeV proton Linac2 as injector of the proton accelerator complex as part of a project to increase the LHC luminosity. The Linac4 front-end, composed of a 45 keV ion source, a Low Energy Beam Transport (LEBT), a 352.2 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) which accelerates the beam to 3 MeV and a Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) housing a beam chopper, has been commissioned in the Linac4 tunnel. The MEBT is composed of three buncher cavities and 11 quadrupole magnets to match the beam from the RFQ to the next accelerating structure (DTL) and it includes two wire scanners for beam profile measurement. In this paper we present the results of the profile measurements and we compare them with emittance measurements taken with a temporary slit-and-grid emittance measurement device located after the MEBT line.

THPP033

Linac4 Transverse and Longitudinal Emittance Reconstruction in the Presence of Space Charge

913

THPOL10

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

J.-B. Lallement, G. Bellodi, V.A. Dimov, A.M. Lombardi, M. Yarmohammadi Satri
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Yarmohammadi Satri
IPM, Tehran, Iran

Linac4 is a pulsed, normal-conducting 160 Mev H⁻ linear accelerator presently under construction at CERN. It will replace the present 50 MeV Linac2 as injector of the proton accelerator complex as part of a project to increase the LHC luminosity. The 3 MeV front end, composed of a 45 keV ion source, a Low Energy Beam transport (LEBT), a 352 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole (RFQ) at 3 MeV and Medium Energy Beam Transport (MEBT) housing a beam chopper, and the first Drift Tube Linac (DTL) tank at 12 MeV have been commissioned during the first half of 2014. The transverse and longitudinal emittance reconstruction technique in the presence of space charge, that will be used for the next commissioning stages and permanently during the Linac operation, was successfully tested and validated. The reconstruction method and the results obtained at 3 and 12 MeV are presented in this paper.

THPP037

Commissioning and Operational Experience Gained with the Linac4 RFQ at CERN

926

THPOL02

use link to see paper's listing under its alternate paper code

C. Rossi, L. Arnaudon, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, O. Brunner, J. Hansen, J.-B. Lallement, A.M. Lombardi, J. Noirjean
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Desmons, A. France, O. Piquet
CEA/DSM/IRFU, France

The installation of Linac4 has started in 2013 with the 3 MeV Front End, aiming at delivering a fully commissioned 160 MeV H⁻ beam by 2016. During summer 2013 the H⁻ ion source, a clone of the first prototype, and the Low Energy Beam Transport lines have been installed in the Linac4 tunnel followed shortly by the Radiofrequency Quadrupole accelerator (RFQ), operating at the RF frequency of 352.2 MHz and which accelerates the ion beam to the energy of 3 MeV. The RFQ, which had already been commissioned at the 3 MeV Test Stand, was this time driven by a fully digital LLRF system. This paper reports the result of the bead-pull field check performed after the installation in the tunnel, the experience gained during recommissioning and the results of field characterization as a function of the water temperature in the RFQ cooling channels, showing how the accelerating field can be adjusted by simply tuning the different cavity modules.

THPP040

A Compact High-Frequency RFQ for Medical Applications

935

M. Vretenar, A. Dallocchio, V.A. Dimov, M. Garlaschè, A. Grudiev, A.M. Lombardi, S.J. Mathot, E. Montesinos, M.A. Timmins
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the frame of a new program for medical applications, CERN has designed and is presently constructing a compact 750 MHz Radio Frequency Quadrupole to be used as injector for hadron therapy linacs. The RFQ reaches an energy of 5 MeV in only 2 meters; it is divided into four standardized modules of 500 mm, each equipped with 12 tuner ports and one RF input. The inner quadrant radius is 46 mm and the RFQ has an outer diameter of 134 mm; its total weight is only 220 kg. The beam dynamics and RF design have been optimized for reduced length and minimum RF power consumption; construction techniques have been adapted for future industrial production. The multiple RF ports are foreseen for using either 4 solid-state units or 4 IOT’s as RF power sources. Although hadron therapy requires only a low duty cycle, the RFQ has been designed for 5% duty cycle in view of other uses. This extremely compact and economical RFQ design opens several new perspectives for medical applications, in particular for PET isotopes production in hospitals with two coupled high-frequency RFQs reaching 10 MeV and for Technetium production for SPECT tomography with two RFQs followed by a DTL.