IPAC2022 - List of Authors (Qiang, J.)

Paper	Title	Page
TUPOMS053	Start-to-End Simulations of the LCLS-II HE Free Electron Laser	1549
	D.B. Cesar, G. Marcus, H.-D. Nuhn, T.O. Raubenheimer SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: This work is supported in part by DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515 In this proceeding we present start-to-end simulations of the LCLS-II-HE free electron laser. The HE project will extend the LCLS-II superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) linac from 4 GeV to 8 GeV in order to produce hard x-rays from the eponymous hard x-ray undulators (26 mm period). At the same time, soft x-ray performance is preserved (and extended into the tender regime) by using longer period undulators (56 mm period) than were originally built for LCLS-II (39 mm period). Here we use high-fidelity numerical particle simulations to study the performance of several SASE beamline configurations, and compare the resulting x-ray energy, power, duration, and transverse properties. Using the LCLS-II normal-conducting gun, we find that the x-ray pulse energy drops off rapidly above ~15 keV, while using the lower emittance beam from a proposed SRF gun, we improve the cutoff to ~20 keV.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS053
About •	Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEIXGD1	EIC Beam Dynamics Challenges	1576
	D. Xu, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, W.F. Bergan, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, D.M. Gassner, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, G.J. Mahler, D. Marx, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, M.P. Sangroula, S. Seletskiy, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman BNL, Upton, New York, USA S.V. Benson, B.R. Gamage, J.M. Grames, T.J. Michalski, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer JLab, Newport News, USA A. Blednykh, Y. Luo, B. Podobedov, S. Verdú-Andrés Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA E. Gianfelice-Wendt Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	The Electron Ion Collider aims to produce luminosities of 10³⁴ cm^-2s^-1 . The machine will operate over a broad range of collision energies with highly polarized beams. The coexistence of highly radiative electrons and nonradiative ions produce a host of unique effects. Strong hadron cooling will be employed for the final factor of 3 luminosity boost.
	Slides WEIXGD1 [3.952 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEIXGD1
About •	Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT036	Dependence of Beam Size Growth on Macro-Particle’s Initial Actions in Strong-Strong Beam-Beam Simulation for the Electron-Ion Collider	1924
	Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, J. Kewisch, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA B.R. Gamage, H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA Y. Hao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA G.H. Hoffstaetter Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collide polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with design luminosities up to 1×10³⁴cm^-2s^-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We simulated the planned electron-proton collision of flat beams with Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than that from weak-strong simulation. To understand the numerical noises further, we calculate the beam size growth rate of macro-particles as function of their initial longitudinal and transverse actions. This method is applied to both strong-strong and weak-strong simulations. The purpose of this study is to identify which group of macro-particles contributes most of the artificial emittance growth in strong-strong beam-beam simulation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT036
About •	Received ※ 22 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT037	Dynamic Aperture Evaluation for EIC Hadron Storage Ring with Crab Cavities and IR Nonlinear Magnetic Field Errors	1927
	Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, H. Witte, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Hao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA T. Satogata JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The electron ion collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collider polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with luminosities up to 10³⁴ cm^-2s^-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. In this article, we evaluate the dynamic aperture of the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) with symplectic element-by-element tracking. Crab cavities, nonlinear magnetic field errors, and weak-strong beam-beam interaction are included. We compared the dynamic aperture from head-on collision to crossing-angle collision and found the reason for the dynamic aperture drop. We also studied the field error tolerances for IR magnets and for some particular magnets.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT037
About •	Received ※ 22 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT038	Summary of Numerical Noise Studies for Electron-Ion Collider Strong-Strong Beam-Beam Simulation	1931
	Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, J. Kewisch, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA B.R. Gamage, H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA G.H. Hoffstaetter Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collide polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams, reaching luminosities up to 1×10³⁴cm^-2s^-1 in center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We studied the planned electron-proton collisions using a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than in weak-strong simulation. To understand the numerical noise and its impact on strong-strong simulation results, we carried out extensive studies to identify all possible causes for artificial emittance growth and quantify their contributions. In this article, we summarize our study activities and findings. This work will help us better understand the simulated emittance growth and the limits of the PIC based strong-strong beam-beam simulation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT038
About •	Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT040	Numerical Noise Error of Particle-In-Cell Poisson Solver for a Flat Gaussian Bunch	1939
	Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Hao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA V.S. Morozov ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177. The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collider polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with luminosity up to 1×10³⁴cm^-2s^-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We simulated the planned electron-proton collision of flat beams with Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than that from weak-strong simulation. To better understand the emittance growth rate from the strong-strong simulation, we compare the beam-beam kicks between the PIC method and the analytical calculation and calculate the RMS variation in beam-beam kicks among 1000 sets of random Gaussian particle distributions. The impacts of macro-particle number, grid number, and bunch flatness are also studied.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT040
About •	Received ※ 23 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT041	Strong-Strong Simulations of Coherent Beam-Beam Effects in the EIC	1942
	J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA Y. Hao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA Y. Luo, C. Montag, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu BNL, Upton, New York, USA
	The high luminosity electron ion collider (EIC) will provide great opportunities in nuclear physics study and is under active design. The coherent effects due to the beam-beam interaction of two colliding beams can cause beam size blow-up and degrade the luminosity in the EIC. In this paper, we report on the study of coherent beam-beam effects in the EIC design using self-consistent strong-strong simulations. These simulations show the coherent dipole and quadrupole mode instabilities in the tune working point scan and bunch intensity scan.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT041
About •	Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT049	Beam-Beam Interaction for Tilted Storage Rings	1968
	D. Xu, D. Holmes, C. Montag, F.J. Willeke BNL, Upton, New York, USA Y. Hao FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA Y. Luo Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA J. Qiang LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
	In the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) design, to avoid vertical orbit bumps in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) at some crossing points with Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) to preserve the electron polarization, we plan to tilt the ESR plane by 200 ’rad with an axis connecting IP6 and IP8. In this article, we study the beam-beam interaction when two rings are not in the same plane. The Lorentz boost formula is derived and the required vertical crabbing strength is calculated to compensate the dynamic effect The strong-strong simulations are performed to validate the theory.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT049
About •	Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Start-to-End Simulations of the LCLS-II HE Free Electron Laser

1549

D.B. Cesar, G. Marcus, H.-D. Nuhn, T.O. Raubenheimer
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: This work is supported in part by DOE Contract No. DE-AC02-76SF00515
In this proceeding we present start-to-end simulations of the LCLS-II-HE free electron laser. The HE project will extend the LCLS-II superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) linac from 4 GeV to 8 GeV in order to produce hard x-rays from the eponymous hard x-ray undulators (26 mm period). At the same time, soft x-ray performance is preserved (and extended into the tender regime) by using longer period undulators (56 mm period) than were originally built for LCLS-II (39 mm period). Here we use high-fidelity numerical particle simulations to study the performance of several SASE beamline configurations, and compare the resulting x-ray energy, power, duration, and transverse properties. Using the LCLS-II normal-conducting gun, we find that the x-ray pulse energy drops off rapidly above ~15 keV, while using the lower emittance beam from a proposed SRF gun, we improve the cutoff to ~20 keV.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-TUPOMS053

About •

Received ※ 08 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 21 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEIXGD1

EIC Beam Dynamics Challenges

1576

D. Xu, E.C. Aschenauer, G. Bassi, J. Beebe-Wang, J.S. Berg, W.F. Bergan, M. Blaskiewicz, J.M. Brennan, S.J. Brooks, K.A. Brown, Z.A. Conway, K.A. Drees, A.V. Fedotov, W. Fischer, C. Folz, D.M. Gassner, X. Gu, R.C. Gupta, Y. Hao, C. Hetzel, D. Holmes, H. Huang, J. Kewisch, Y. Li, C. Liu, H. Lovelace III, G.J. Mahler, D. Marx, F. Méot, M.G. Minty, C. Montag, S.K. Nayak, R.B. Palmer, B. Parker, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, V.H. Ranjbar, G. Robert-Demolaize, M.P. Sangroula, S. Seletskiy, K.S. Smith, S. Tepikian, R. Than, P. Thieberger, N. Tsoupas, J.E. Tuozzolo, E. Wang, D. Weiss, F.J. Willeke, H. Witte, Q. Wu, W. Xu, A. Zaltsman
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
S.V. Benson, B.R. Gamage, J.M. Grames, T.J. Michalski, E.A. Nissen, J.P. Preble, R.A. Rimmer, T. Satogata, A. Seryi, M. Wiseman, W. Wittmer
JLab, Newport News, USA
A. Blednykh, Y. Luo, B. Podobedov, S. Verdú-Andrés
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Cai, Y.M. Nosochkov, G. Stupakov, M.K. Sullivan
SLAC, Menlo Park, California, USA
E. Gianfelice-Wendt
Fermilab, Batavia, Illinois, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter, D. Sagan, J.E. Unger
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

The Electron Ion Collider aims to produce luminosities of 10³⁴ cm^-2s^-1 . The machine will operate over a broad range of collision energies with highly polarized beams. The coexistence of highly radiative electrons and nonradiative ions produce a host of unique effects. Strong hadron cooling will be employed for the final factor of 3 luminosity boost.

Slides WEIXGD1 [3.952 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEIXGD1

About •

Received ※ 06 June 2022 — Revised ※ 13 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 14 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT036

Dependence of Beam Size Growth on Macro-Particle’s Initial Actions in Strong-Strong Beam-Beam Simulation for the Electron-Ion Collider

1924

Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, J. Kewisch, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B.R. Gamage, H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
Y. Hao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collide polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with design luminosities up to 1×10³⁴cm^-2s^-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We simulated the planned electron-proton collision of flat beams with Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than that from weak-strong simulation. To understand the numerical noises further, we calculate the beam size growth rate of macro-particles as function of their initial longitudinal and transverse actions. This method is applied to both strong-strong and weak-strong simulations. The purpose of this study is to identify which group of macro-particles contributes most of the artificial emittance growth in strong-strong beam-beam simulation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT036

About •

Received ※ 22 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 17 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 22 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT037

Dynamic Aperture Evaluation for EIC Hadron Storage Ring with Crab Cavities and IR Nonlinear Magnetic Field Errors

1927

Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, H. Witte, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Hao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
T. Satogata
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The electron ion collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collider polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with luminosities up to 10³⁴ cm^-2s^-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. In this article, we evaluate the dynamic aperture of the Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) with symplectic element-by-element tracking. Crab cavities, nonlinear magnetic field errors, and weak-strong beam-beam interaction are included. We compared the dynamic aperture from head-on collision to crossing-angle collision and found the reason for the dynamic aperture drop. We also studied the field error tolerances for IR magnets and for some particular magnets.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT037

About •

Received ※ 22 May 2022 — Revised ※ 15 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 27 June 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT038

Summary of Numerical Noise Studies for Electron-Ion Collider Strong-Strong Beam-Beam Simulation

1931

Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, J. Kewisch, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
B.R. Gamage, H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
G.H. Hoffstaetter
Cornell University (CLASSE), Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-Based Sciences and Education, Ithaca, New York, USA
V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collide polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams, reaching luminosities up to 1×10³⁴cm^-2s^-1 in center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We studied the planned electron-proton collisions using a Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than in weak-strong simulation. To understand the numerical noise and its impact on strong-strong simulation results, we carried out extensive studies to identify all possible causes for artificial emittance growth and quantify their contributions. In this article, we summarize our study activities and findings. This work will help us better understand the simulated emittance growth and the limits of the PIC based strong-strong beam-beam simulation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT038

About •

Received ※ 19 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 15 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 05 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT040

Numerical Noise Error of Particle-In-Cell Poisson Solver for a Flat Gaussian Bunch

1939

Y. Luo, J.S. Berg, M. Blaskiewicz, W. Fischer, X. Gu, H. Lovelace III, C. Montag, R.B. Palmer, S. Peggs, V. Ptitsyn, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Hao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
H. Huang, E.A. Nissen, T. Satogata
JLab, Newport News, Virginia, USA
V.S. Morozov
ORNL RAD, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

Funding: Work supported by Brookhaven Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-SC0012704 with the U.S. Department of Energy and Jefferson Science Associates, LLC under Contract No. DE-AC05-06OR23177.
The Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) presently under construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory will collider polarized high energy electron beams with hadron beams with luminosity up to 1×10³⁴cm^-2s^-1 in the center mass energy range of 20-140 GeV. We simulated the planned electron-proton collision of flat beams with Particle-In-Cell (PIC) based Poisson solver in strong-strong beam-beam simulation. We observed a much larger proton emittance growth rate than that from weak-strong simulation. To better understand the emittance growth rate from the strong-strong simulation, we compare the beam-beam kicks between the PIC method and the analytical calculation and calculate the RMS variation in beam-beam kicks among 1000 sets of random Gaussian particle distributions. The impacts of macro-particle number, grid number, and bunch flatness are also studied.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT040

About •

Received ※ 23 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 03 July 2022

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT041

Strong-Strong Simulations of Coherent Beam-Beam Effects in the EIC

1942

J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA
Y. Hao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
Y. Luo, C. Montag, F.J. Willeke, D. Xu
BNL, Upton, New York, USA

The high luminosity electron ion collider (EIC) will provide great opportunities in nuclear physics study and is under active design. The coherent effects due to the beam-beam interaction of two colliding beams can cause beam size blow-up and degrade the luminosity in the EIC. In this paper, we report on the study of coherent beam-beam effects in the EIC design using self-consistent strong-strong simulations. These simulations show the coherent dipole and quadrupole mode instabilities in the tune working point scan and bunch intensity scan.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT041

About •

Received ※ 18 May 2022 — Revised ※ 10 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 11 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 23 June 2022

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

WEPOPT049

Beam-Beam Interaction for Tilted Storage Rings

1968

D. Xu, D. Holmes, C. Montag, F.J. Willeke
BNL, Upton, New York, USA
Y. Hao
FRIB, East Lansing, Michigan, USA
Y. Luo
Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), Electron-Ion Collider, Upton, New York, USA
J. Qiang
LBNL, Berkeley, California, USA

In the Electron-Ion Collider (EIC) design, to avoid vertical orbit bumps in the Electron Storage Ring (ESR) at some crossing points with Hadron Storage Ring (HSR) to preserve the electron polarization, we plan to tilt the ESR plane by 200 ’rad with an axis connecting IP6 and IP8. In this article, we study the beam-beam interaction when two rings are not in the same plane. The Lorentz boost formula is derived and the required vertical crabbing strength is calculated to compensate the dynamic effect The strong-strong simulations are performed to validate the theory.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2022-WEPOPT049

About •

Received ※ 16 May 2022 — Revised ※ 14 June 2022 — Accepted ※ 16 June 2022 — Issue date ※ 06 July 2022

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