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| MOPAB001 | Power Deposition in Superconducting Dispersion Suppressor Magnets Downstream of the Betatron Cleaning Insertion for HL-LHC | 37 |
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Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project The power deposited in dispersion suppressor magnets downstream of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) betatron cleaning insertion is governed by off-momentum particles scattered out of the primary collimators. In order to mitigate the risk of magnet quenches during periods of short beam lifetime in future High-Luminosity (HL-LHC) operation, new dispersion suppressor (DS) collimators are considered for installation (one per beam). In this paper, we present FLUKA simulations for both protons and Pb ions at 7 TeV, predicting the power deposition in the DS magnets, including the new higher-field dipoles 11T which are needed to integrate the collimator in the cold region next to the cleaning insertion. The simulated power deposition levels for the adopted HL-LHC collimator configuration and settings are used to assess the quench margin by comparison with the present estimated quench levels. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB001 | |
| About • | paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 07 July 2021 issue date ※ 16 August 2021 | |
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| MOPAB012 | Energy Deposition Study of the CERN HL-LHC Optics v1.5 in the ATLAS and CMS Insertions | 76 |
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Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project The High Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC) is the approved CERN project aiming at further increasing the integrated luminosity of the LHC by a factor 10. As such, it implies a complete redesign of the experimental high-luminosity insertions of ATLAS and CMS. The progressive evolution of the new layout and optics requires a continuous analysis of the radiation environment, to which magnets and other equipment are exposed to. This is assured by means of Monte Carlo simulations of the collision debris on the evolving machine model. The latter featured several developments, such as the explicit inclusion of the cold protection diodes of the final focusing circuits as well as the crab cavities cryomodule. This work presents the most updated characterization of the radiation field with FLUKA and its impact in the insertion region and the dispersion suppressor of Point 1 and 5, for the HL-LHC optics v1.5 released in 2019. Various optimization and mitigation studies are highlighted, providing key information for maximizing the lifetime of new and present magnets. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB012 | |
| About • | paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 25 May 2021 issue date ※ 21 August 2021 | |
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| MOPAB013 | Radiation to Electronics Impact on CERN LHC Operation: Run 2 Overview and HL-LHC Outlook | 80 |
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Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project After the mitigation measures implemented during Run 1 (2010-2012) and Long Shutdown 1 (LS1, 2013-2014), the number of equipment failures due to radiation effects on electronics (R2E) leading to LHC beam dumps and/or machine downtime has been sufficiently low as to yield a minor impact on the accelerator performance. During Run 2 (2015-2018) the R2E related failures per unit of integrated luminosity remained below the target value of 0.5 events/fb-1, with the sole exception of the 2015 run during which the machine commissioning took place. However, during 2018, an increase in the failure rate was observed, linked to the increased radiation levels in the dispersion suppressors of the ATLAS and CMS experimental insertions, significantly affecting the Quench Protection System located underneath the superconducting magnets in the tunnel. This work provides an overview of the Run 2 R2E events during LHC proton-proton operation, putting them in the context of the related radiation levels and equipment sensitivity, and providing an outlook for Run 3 and HL-LHC operation. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-MOPAB013 | |
| About • | paper received ※ 19 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 23 July 2021 issue date ※ 23 August 2021 | |
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| WEXA06 | Study of Pb-Pb and Pb-p Collision Debris in the CERN LHC in View of HL-LHC Operation | 2528 |
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Funding: Research supported by the HL-LHC project For the first time, a full characterization of the Pb-Pb and Pb-p collision debris as well as its impact in terms of energy deposition in the long straight section (LSS) of CERN’s Large Hadron Collider has been carried out. By means of Monte Carlo simulations with FLUKA, both inelastic nuclear interaction and electromagnetic dissociation were taken into account as source term for lead ion operation, while for Pb-p operation only nuclear interaction is of importance. The radiation exposure of detectors exclusively destined for ion beam runs is assessed, allowing drawing implications of their use. This work gave the opportunity for an unprecedented validation of simulation results against measurement of beam loss monitors (BLM) in the experimental LSS during ion operation. Pb-Pb operation refers to the 2018 ion run at 6.37 TeV per charge with a +160 microrad half crossing angle in the vertical plane at the ATLAS interaction point. Instead, Pb-p operation was benchmarked for the 2016 ion run at 6.5 TeV per charge with -140 microrad half crossing angle in the vertical plane at the same location. |
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| DOI • | reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2021-WEXA06 | |
| About • | paper received ※ 18 May 2021 paper accepted ※ 05 July 2021 issue date ※ 22 August 2021 | |
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