IPAC2017 - List of Authors (Gilardoni, S.S.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPAB006	Design and Prototyping of New CERN Collimators in the Framework of the LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) Project and the High-Luminosity (HL-LHC) Project	80
	F.-X. Nuiry, O. Aberle, M. Bergeret, A. Bertarelli, N. Biancacci, R. Bruce, M. Calviani, F. Carra, A. Dallocchio, L. Gentini, S.S. Gilardoni, R. Illan Fiastre, I. Lamas Garcia, A. Masi, A. Perillo-Marcone, S. Pianese, S. Redaelli, E. Rigutto, B. Salvant CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In the framework of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Injectors Upgrade (LIU) and the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) Projects at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research, in Geneva, Switzerland), collimators in the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) to LHC transfer lines as well as ring collimators in the LHC will undergo important upgrades in the forthcoming years, mainly focused during the Long Shutdown 2 foreseen during 2019-2020. This contribution will detail the current design of the TCDIL collimators with a particular emphasis on the engineering developments performed on the collimator jaws, aiming at getting a stringent flatness while consid-ering also the integration of thermal shock resistant materials. The prototyping phase done at CERN will be also described. The activities ongoing to prepare the series production for other LHC collimator types (TCPPM, TCSPM, TCTPM, TCLD) will be presented, describing the role that each of these collimators play on the HL-LHC Project. A focus on the series production processes, the manufacturing and assembly technologies involved and the quality and performance assurance tests will be given.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPAB006
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MOPIK048	Experimental Results of Crystal-Assisted Slow Extraction at the SPS	623
	M.A. Fraser, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, V. Kain, D. Mirarchi, S. Montesano, S. Petrucci, S. Redaelli, R. Rossi, W. Scandale, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti CERN, Geneva, Switzerland F.M. Addesa, G. Cavoto, F. Iacoangeli INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy F. Galluccio INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy F. Murtas INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
	The possibility of extracting highly energetic particles from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) by means of silicon bent crystals has been explored since the 1990's. The channelling effect of a bent crystal can be used to strongly deflect primary protons and eject them from the synchrotron. Many studies and experiments have been carried out to investigate crystal channelling effects. The extraction of 120 and 270 GeV proton beams has already been demonstrated in the SPS with dedicated experiments located in the ring. Presently in the SPS, the UA9 experiment is performing studies to evaluate the possibility to use bent silicon crystals to steer particle beams in high energy accelerators. Recent studies on the feasibility of extraction from the SPS have been made using the UA9 infrastructure with a longer-term view of using crystals to help mitigate slow extraction induced activation of the SPS. In this paper, the possibility to eject particles into the extraction channel in LSS2 using the bent crystals already installed in the SPS is presented. Details of the concept, simulations and measurements carried out with beam are presented, before the outlook for the future is discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPIK048
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TUPVA126	The SPS Beam Dump Facility	2389
	M. Lamont, G. Arduini, M. Battistin, M. Brugger, M. Calviani, F. B. Dos Santos Pedrosa, M.A. Fraser, L. Gatignon, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J.L. Grenard, C. Heßler, R. Jacobsson, V. Kain, K. Kershaw, E. Lopez Sola, J.A. Osborne, A. Perillo-Marcone, H. Vincke CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The proposed SPS beam dump facility (BDF) is a fixed-target facility foreseen to be situated at the North Area of the SPS. Beam dump in this context implies a target aimed at absorbing the majority of incident protons and containing most of the cascade generated by the primary beam interaction. The aim is a general purpose fixed target facility, which in the initial phase is aimed at the Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment. Feasibility studies are ongoing at CERN to address the key challenges of the facility. These challenges include: slow resonant extraction from the SPS; a target that has the two-fold objective of producing charged mesons as well as stopping the primary proton beam; and radiation protection considerations related to primary proton beam with a power of around 355 kW. The aim of the project is to complete the key technical feasibility studies in time for the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) update foreseen in 2020. This is in conjunction with the recommendation by the CERN Research Board to the SHiP experiment to prepare a comprehensive design study as input to the ESPP.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA126
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TUPVA128	Performance of the CERN Injector Complex and Transmission Studies into the LHC during the Second Proton-Lead Run	2395
	R. Alemany-Fernández, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, J. Axensalva, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, A. Blas, T. Bohl, E. Carlier, S. Cettour-Cave, K. Cornelis, H. Damerau, A. Findlay, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, A. Huschauer, M.A. Jebramcik, S. Jensen, J.M. Jowett, V. Kain, D. Küchler, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, T. Mertens, M. O'Neil, S. Pasinelli, Á. Saá Hernández, M. Schaumann, R. Scrivens, R. Steerenberg, H. Timko, V. Toivanen, G. Tranquille, F.M. Velotti, F.J.C. Wenander, J. Wenninger CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The LHC performance during the proton-lead run in 2016 fully relied on a permanent monitoring and systematic improvement of the beam quality in all the injectors. The beam production and characteristics are explained in this paper, together with the improvements realized during the run from the source up to the flat top of the LHC. Transmission studies from one accelerator to the next as well as beam quality evolution studies during the cycle at each accelerator, have been carried out and are summarized in this paper. In 2016, the LHC had to deliver the beams to the experiments at two different energies, 4 Z TeV and 6.5 Z TeV. The properties of the beams at these two energies are also presented
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA128
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WEXB1	Studies and Observations of Beam Dynamics Near a Sum Resonance	2503
	G. Franchetti GSI, Darmstadt, Germany S.S. Gilardoni, A. Huschauer, F. Schmidt, R. Wasef CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The effect of space charge on bunches stored for long term in a can be severe for beam survival. This may be the case in projects as SIS100 at GSI or LIU at CERN. In the past decade systematic simulation studies and experiments performed at CERN and GSI have highlighted the space charge induced periodic crossing of Â“one dimensionalÂ” resonances as the underlying mechanism of long term beam loss or emittance growth. However only in 2012, for the first time, the effect of space charge on a normal third order coupled resonance was investigated at the CERN-PS. The experimental results have highlighted an unprecedented asymmetric beam response where in the horizontal plane the beam exhibits a thick halo, whereas the vertical profile has only core growth. The quest for explaining these results requires a journey thorough the 4 dimensional dynamics of the coupled resonance investigating the fix-lines, and requires a detailed code-experiment benchmarking also including beam profile benchmarking. This study shows that the experimental results of the 2012 PS measurements can be explained by the dynamics the fixed lines also including the effect of the dispersion.
	Slides WEXB1 [18.195 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEXB1
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WEPVA108	Operational Feedback and Analysis of Current and Future Designs of the Injection Protection Absorbers in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN	3517
	D. Carbajo Perez, N. Biancacci, C. Bracco, G. Bregliozzi, M. Calviani, M.I. Frankl, L. Gentini, S.S. Gilardoni, G. Iadarola, I. Lamas Garcia, A. Lechner, A. Perillo-Marcone, B. Salvant CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	Two injection protection absorbers, so-called TDIs (Target Dump Injection), are installed close to Interaction Points IP2 and IP8 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) right downstream of the injection kicker magnets (MKI). Malfunction or timing errors in the latter lead to wrong steering of the beam, which must then be intercepted by the TDI to avoid downstream equipment (which includes superconducting magnets) damage. In recent years, MKI failures during operation have brought to light opportunities for improvement of the TDI. The upgrade of this absorber, so-called TDIS (where S stands for segmented), is conceived as part of the High Luminosity-LHC (HL-LHC) project and those operational issues are taken into account for its design. The present document describes not only the aspects related to the current TDI performance and their impact in its successor's design but also the key modifications to cope with the stronger requirements associated to the higher luminosity goal.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPVA108
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WEPVA110	Analysis and Operational Feedback on the New Design of the High Energy Beam Dump in the CERN SPS	3524
	P. Rios Rodriguez, J.A. Briz Monago, M. Calviani, K. Cornelis, S. De Man, R. Esposito, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J.L. Grenard, D. Grenier, M. Grieco, J. Humbert, V. Kain, F.M. Leaux, C. Pasquino, A. Perillo-Marcone, J.R.F. Poujol, S. Sgobba, D. Steyart, F.M. Velotti, V. Vlachoudis CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) high-energy internal dump (Target Internal Dump Vertical Graphite, known as TIDVG) is required to intercept beams from 10² to 450 GeV. The equipment installed in 2014 (TIDVG#3) featured an absorbing core composed of different materials surrounded by a water-cooled copper jacket, which hold the UHV of the machine. An inspection of a previous equipment (TIDVG#2) in 2013 revealed significant beam induced damage to the aluminium section of the dump, which required imposing operational limitations to minimise the risk of reproducing this phenomenon. Additionally, in 2016 a vacuum leak was detected in the dump assembly, which imposed further limitations, i.e. a reduction of the beam intensity that could be dumped per SPS supercycle. This paper presents a new design (TIDVG#4), which focuses on improving the operational robustness of the device. Moreover, thanks to the added instrumentation, a careful analysis of its performance (both experimentally and during operation) will be possible. These studies will help validating technical solutions for the design of the future SPS dump to be installed during CERN's Long Shutdown 2 in 2020 (TIDVG#5).
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPVA110
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Paper

Title

Page

Design and Prototyping of New CERN Collimators in the Framework of the LHC Injector Upgrade (LIU) Project and the High-Luminosity (HL-LHC) Project

80

F.-X. Nuiry, O. Aberle, M. Bergeret, A. Bertarelli, N. Biancacci, R. Bruce, M. Calviani, F. Carra, A. Dallocchio, L. Gentini, S.S. Gilardoni, R. Illan Fiastre, I. Lamas Garcia, A. Masi, A. Perillo-Marcone, S. Pianese, S. Redaelli, E. Rigutto, B. Salvant
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In the framework of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) Injectors Upgrade (LIU) and the High-Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) Projects at CERN (European Organization for Nuclear Research, in Geneva, Switzerland), collimators in the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) to LHC transfer lines as well as ring collimators in the LHC will undergo important upgrades in the forthcoming years, mainly focused during the Long Shutdown 2 foreseen during 2019-2020. This contribution will detail the current design of the TCDIL collimators with a particular emphasis on the engineering developments performed on the collimator jaws, aiming at getting a stringent flatness while consid-ering also the integration of thermal shock resistant materials. The prototyping phase done at CERN will be also described. The activities ongoing to prepare the series production for other LHC collimator types (TCPPM, TCSPM, TCTPM, TCLD) will be presented, describing the role that each of these collimators play on the HL-LHC Project. A focus on the series production processes, the manufacturing and assembly technologies involved and the quality and performance assurance tests will be given.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPAB006

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MOPIK048

Experimental Results of Crystal-Assisted Slow Extraction at the SPS

623

M.A. Fraser, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, V. Kain, D. Mirarchi, S. Montesano, S. Petrucci, S. Redaelli, R. Rossi, W. Scandale, L.S. Stoel, F.M. Velotti
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
F.M. Addesa, G. Cavoto, F. Iacoangeli
INFN-Roma, Roma, Italy
F. Galluccio
INFN-Napoli, Napoli, Italy
F. Murtas
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy

The possibility of extracting highly energetic particles from the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) by means of silicon bent crystals has been explored since the 1990's. The channelling effect of a bent crystal can be used to strongly deflect primary protons and eject them from the synchrotron. Many studies and experiments have been carried out to investigate crystal channelling effects. The extraction of 120 and 270 GeV proton beams has already been demonstrated in the SPS with dedicated experiments located in the ring. Presently in the SPS, the UA9 experiment is performing studies to evaluate the possibility to use bent silicon crystals to steer particle beams in high energy accelerators. Recent studies on the feasibility of extraction from the SPS have been made using the UA9 infrastructure with a longer-term view of using crystals to help mitigate slow extraction induced activation of the SPS. In this paper, the possibility to eject particles into the extraction channel in LSS2 using the bent crystals already installed in the SPS is presented. Details of the concept, simulations and measurements carried out with beam are presented, before the outlook for the future is discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-MOPIK048

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TUPVA126

The SPS Beam Dump Facility

2389

M. Lamont, G. Arduini, M. Battistin, M. Brugger, M. Calviani, F. B. Dos Santos Pedrosa, M.A. Fraser, L. Gatignon, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J.L. Grenard, C. Heßler, R. Jacobsson, V. Kain, K. Kershaw, E. Lopez Sola, J.A. Osborne, A. Perillo-Marcone, H. Vincke
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The proposed SPS beam dump facility (BDF) is a fixed-target facility foreseen to be situated at the North Area of the SPS. Beam dump in this context implies a target aimed at absorbing the majority of incident protons and containing most of the cascade generated by the primary beam interaction. The aim is a general purpose fixed target facility, which in the initial phase is aimed at the Search for Hidden Particles (SHiP) experiment. Feasibility studies are ongoing at CERN to address the key challenges of the facility. These challenges include: slow resonant extraction from the SPS; a target that has the two-fold objective of producing charged mesons as well as stopping the primary proton beam; and radiation protection considerations related to primary proton beam with a power of around 355 kW. The aim of the project is to complete the key technical feasibility studies in time for the European Strategy for Particle Physics (ESPP) update foreseen in 2020. This is in conjunction with the recommendation by the CERN Research Board to the SHiP experiment to prepare a comprehensive design study as input to the ESPP.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA126

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TUPVA128

Performance of the CERN Injector Complex and Transmission Studies into the LHC during the Second Proton-Lead Run

2395

R. Alemany-Fernández, S.C.P. Albright, M.E. Angoletta, J. Axensalva, W. Bartmann, H. Bartosik, P. Baudrenghien, G. Bellodi, A. Blas, T. Bohl, E. Carlier, S. Cettour-Cave, K. Cornelis, H. Damerau, A. Findlay, S.S. Gilardoni, S. Hancock, A. Huschauer, M.A. Jebramcik, S. Jensen, J.M. Jowett, V. Kain, D. Küchler, A.M. Lombardi, D. Manglunki, T. Mertens, M. O'Neil, S. Pasinelli, Á. Saá Hernández, M. Schaumann, R. Scrivens, R. Steerenberg, H. Timko, V. Toivanen, G. Tranquille, F.M. Velotti, F.J.C. Wenander, J. Wenninger
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The LHC performance during the proton-lead run in 2016 fully relied on a permanent monitoring and systematic improvement of the beam quality in all the injectors. The beam production and characteristics are explained in this paper, together with the improvements realized during the run from the source up to the flat top of the LHC. Transmission studies from one accelerator to the next as well as beam quality evolution studies during the cycle at each accelerator, have been carried out and are summarized in this paper. In 2016, the LHC had to deliver the beams to the experiments at two different energies, 4 Z TeV and 6.5 Z TeV. The properties of the beams at these two energies are also presented

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-TUPVA128

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WEXB1

Studies and Observations of Beam Dynamics Near a Sum Resonance

2503

G. Franchetti
GSI, Darmstadt, Germany
S.S. Gilardoni, A. Huschauer, F. Schmidt, R. Wasef
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The effect of space charge on bunches stored for long term in a can be severe for beam survival. This may be the case in projects as SIS100 at GSI or LIU at CERN. In the past decade systematic simulation studies and experiments performed at CERN and GSI have highlighted the space charge induced periodic crossing of Â“one dimensionalÂ” resonances as the underlying mechanism of long term beam loss or emittance growth. However only in 2012, for the first time, the effect of space charge on a normal third order coupled resonance was investigated at the CERN-PS. The experimental results have highlighted an unprecedented asymmetric beam response where in the horizontal plane the beam exhibits a thick halo, whereas the vertical profile has only core growth. The quest for explaining these results requires a journey thorough the 4 dimensional dynamics of the coupled resonance investigating the fix-lines, and requires a detailed code-experiment benchmarking also including beam profile benchmarking. This study shows that the experimental results of the 2012 PS measurements can be explained by the dynamics the fixed lines also including the effect of the dispersion.

Slides WEXB1 [18.195 MB]

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reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEXB1

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WEPVA108

Operational Feedback and Analysis of Current and Future Designs of the Injection Protection Absorbers in the Large Hadron Collider at CERN

3517

D. Carbajo Perez, N. Biancacci, C. Bracco, G. Bregliozzi, M. Calviani, M.I. Frankl, L. Gentini, S.S. Gilardoni, G. Iadarola, I. Lamas Garcia, A. Lechner, A. Perillo-Marcone, B. Salvant
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

Two injection protection absorbers, so-called TDIs (Target Dump Injection), are installed close to Interaction Points IP2 and IP8 of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) right downstream of the injection kicker magnets (MKI). Malfunction or timing errors in the latter lead to wrong steering of the beam, which must then be intercepted by the TDI to avoid downstream equipment (which includes superconducting magnets) damage. In recent years, MKI failures during operation have brought to light opportunities for improvement of the TDI. The upgrade of this absorber, so-called TDIS (where S stands for segmented), is conceived as part of the High Luminosity-LHC (HL-LHC) project and those operational issues are taken into account for its design. The present document describes not only the aspects related to the current TDI performance and their impact in its successor's design but also the key modifications to cope with the stronger requirements associated to the higher luminosity goal.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPVA108

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WEPVA110

Analysis and Operational Feedback on the New Design of the High Energy Beam Dump in the CERN SPS

3524

P. Rios Rodriguez, J.A. Briz Monago, M. Calviani, K. Cornelis, S. De Man, R. Esposito, S.S. Gilardoni, B. Goddard, J.L. Grenard, D. Grenier, M. Grieco, J. Humbert, V. Kain, F.M. Leaux, C. Pasquino, A. Perillo-Marcone, J.R.F. Poujol, S. Sgobba, D. Steyart, F.M. Velotti, V. Vlachoudis
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

CERN's Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) high-energy internal dump (Target Internal Dump Vertical Graphite, known as TIDVG) is required to intercept beams from 10² to 450 GeV. The equipment installed in 2014 (TIDVG#3) featured an absorbing core composed of different materials surrounded by a water-cooled copper jacket, which hold the UHV of the machine. An inspection of a previous equipment (TIDVG#2) in 2013 revealed significant beam induced damage to the aluminium section of the dump, which required imposing operational limitations to minimise the risk of reproducing this phenomenon. Additionally, in 2016 a vacuum leak was detected in the dump assembly, which imposed further limitations, i.e. a reduction of the beam intensity that could be dumped per SPS supercycle. This paper presents a new design (TIDVG#4), which focuses on improving the operational robustness of the device. Moreover, thanks to the added instrumentation, a careful analysis of its performance (both experimentally and during operation) will be possible. These studies will help validating technical solutions for the design of the future SPS dump to be installed during CERN's Long Shutdown 2 in 2020 (TIDVG#5).

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ https://doi.org/10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2017-WEPVA110

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