IPAC2016 - List of Authors (Caspers, F.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOPOR008	Beam Induced RF Heating in LHC in 2015	602
	B. Salvant, O. Aberle, M. Albert, R. Alemany-Fernandez, G. Arduini, J. Baechler, M.J. Barnes, P. Baudrenghien, O.E. Berrig, N. Biancacci, G. Bregliozzi, J.V. Campelo, F. Carra, F. Caspers, P. Chiggiato, A. Danisi, H.A. Day, M. Deile, D. Druzhkin, J.F. Esteban Müller, S. Jakobsen, J. Kuczerowski, A. Lechner, R. Losito, A. Masi, N. Minafra, E. Métral, A.A. Nosych, A. Perillo Marcone, D. Perini, S. Redaelli, F. Roncarolo, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova, J.A. Uythoven, C. Vollinger, A.J. Välimaa, N. Wang, M. Wendt, J. Wenninger, C. Zannini CERN, Geneva, Switzerland M. Bozzo INFN Genova, Genova, Italy J.F. Esteban Müller EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland N. Wang IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China
	Following the recurrent beam induced RF issues that perturbed LHC operation during LHC Run 1, a series of actions were put in place to minimize the risk that similar issues would occur in LHC Run 2: longitudinal impedance reduction campaign and/or improvement of cooling for equipment that were problematic or at the limit during Run 1, stringent constraints enforced on new equipment that would be installed in the machine, tests to control the bunch length and longitudinal distribution, additional monitoring of temperature, new monitoring tools and warning chains. This contribution reports the outcome of these actions, both successes as well as shortcomings, and details the lessons learnt for the future runs.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR008
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MOPOR010	Impedance Measurements and Simulations on the TCTP and TDI LHC Collimators	610
	N. Biancacci, F. Caspers, A. Grudiev, J. Kuczerowski, I. Lamas Garcia, A. Lechner, E. Métral, A. Passarelli, A. Perillo Marcone, B. Salvant, J.A. Uythoven CERN, Geneva, Switzerland O. Frasciello, M. Zobov INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy A. Mostacci Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy N. Mounet EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
	The LHC collimation system is a critical element for the safe operation of the LHC machine and is subject to continuous performance monitoring, hardware upgrade and optimization. In this work we will address the impact on impedance of the upgrades performed on the TDI injection protection collimator, where the absorber material has been changed to mitigate the device heating observed in machine operation, and on selected secondary (TCS) and tertiary (TCT) collimators, where beam position monitors (BPM) have been embedded for faster jaw alignment. Concerning the TDI, we will present the RF measurements performed before and after the upgrade, comparing the result to heating and tune shift beam measurements. For the TCTs, we will study how the higher order modes (HOM) introduced by the BPM addition have been cured by means of ferrite placement in the device. The impedance mitigation campaign has been supported by RF measurements whose results are in good agreement with GdfidL and CST simulations. The presence of undamped low frequency modes is proved not to be detrimental to the safe LHC operation.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR010
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MOPOR026	Measurement of the Energy Distribution Function of Electrons Generated by Radio-frequency Induced Multipacting in a Beam Pipe	664
	M. Van Gompel, F. Caspers, P. Costa Pinto, R. Leber, A. Romano, R. Salemme, M. Taborelli CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	The development of Electron Multipacting (EM) in high intensity particle accelerators depends, amongst others, on the Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of surfaces facing the beam. In-situ studies of electron clouds in particle accelerators must cope with operation schedule and other technical constrains. To overcome these difficulties, CERN implemented a Multipactor test bench, where EM is generated by Radio-Frequency (RF), using the beam pipes as a coaxial resonators. This tool was already successfully used to assess the effectiveness of low SEY carbon coatings on dipoles of the SPS at CERN and to study the conditioning dynamics of beam pipes. In this paper we present the development of an in-house built Retarding Field Energy Analyser (RFEA) to measure the Electrons Energy Distribution Function (EEDF) in the Multipactor test bench. The design of the electrodes was based on simulations in order to optimize sensitivity and energy resolution. The setup was tested with an electron gun at different energies before insertion in the Multipactor test bench. The evolution of the EEDF is measured at different RF powers. Feasibility to perform measurements in the machine is discussed.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR026
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THPMY009	Coaxial Wire Method Adapted to Weakly Coupled Resonator Mode for LHC RF Fingers Evaluation	3670
	C. Vollinger, F. Caspers, T. Kaltenbacher CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
	In high intensity particle accelerators, RF contact fingers are commonly used to carry the beam induced image current. In addition, they reduce beam impedance by shielding the outer bellows required to compensate mechanical displacements between components. In order to assess the resulting beam impedance from a specific bellow/RF finger configuration, RF measurements are routinely carried out. During these measurements, it was observed that cavity modes in the volume between the fingers and the bellow undulation arise. These resonances occur at significantly higher frequencies than the expected frequency range of interest. Due to their broadband nature, the tails of the imaginary part of these resonances reach into the lower frequency range of interest where it contributes to the beam coupling impedance of the device. For proper evaluation of this contribution, a time domain delay technique in TDT (time domain transmissiometry) was used in order to overcome shortcomings that arise if the classical coaxial wire method is applied to these structures. We present the theory of our method and discuss it in view of the data measured on deformable fingers that were studied for the LHC.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMY009
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Paper

Title

Page

Beam Induced RF Heating in LHC in 2015

602

B. Salvant, O. Aberle, M. Albert, R. Alemany-Fernandez, G. Arduini, J. Baechler, M.J. Barnes, P. Baudrenghien, O.E. Berrig, N. Biancacci, G. Bregliozzi, J.V. Campelo, F. Carra, F. Caspers, P. Chiggiato, A. Danisi, H.A. Day, M. Deile, D. Druzhkin, J.F. Esteban Müller, S. Jakobsen, J. Kuczerowski, A. Lechner, R. Losito, A. Masi, N. Minafra, E. Métral, A.A. Nosych, A. Perillo Marcone, D. Perini, S. Redaelli, F. Roncarolo, G. Rumolo, E.N. Shaposhnikova, J.A. Uythoven, C. Vollinger, A.J. Välimaa, N. Wang, M. Wendt, J. Wenninger, C. Zannini
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
M. Bozzo
INFN Genova, Genova, Italy
J.F. Esteban Müller
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland
N. Wang
IHEP, Beijing, People's Republic of China

Following the recurrent beam induced RF issues that perturbed LHC operation during LHC Run 1, a series of actions were put in place to minimize the risk that similar issues would occur in LHC Run 2: longitudinal impedance reduction campaign and/or improvement of cooling for equipment that were problematic or at the limit during Run 1, stringent constraints enforced on new equipment that would be installed in the machine, tests to control the bunch length and longitudinal distribution, additional monitoring of temperature, new monitoring tools and warning chains. This contribution reports the outcome of these actions, both successes as well as shortcomings, and details the lessons learnt for the future runs.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR008

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPOR010

Impedance Measurements and Simulations on the TCTP and TDI LHC Collimators

610

N. Biancacci, F. Caspers, A. Grudiev, J. Kuczerowski, I. Lamas Garcia, A. Lechner, E. Métral, A. Passarelli, A. Perillo Marcone, B. Salvant, J.A. Uythoven
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland
O. Frasciello, M. Zobov
INFN/LNF, Frascati (Roma), Italy
A. Mostacci
Rome University La Sapienza, Roma, Italy
N. Mounet
EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland

The LHC collimation system is a critical element for the safe operation of the LHC machine and is subject to continuous performance monitoring, hardware upgrade and optimization. In this work we will address the impact on impedance of the upgrades performed on the TDI injection protection collimator, where the absorber material has been changed to mitigate the device heating observed in machine operation, and on selected secondary (TCS) and tertiary (TCT) collimators, where beam position monitors (BPM) have been embedded for faster jaw alignment. Concerning the TDI, we will present the RF measurements performed before and after the upgrade, comparing the result to heating and tune shift beam measurements. For the TCTs, we will study how the higher order modes (HOM) introduced by the BPM addition have been cured by means of ferrite placement in the device. The impedance mitigation campaign has been supported by RF measurements whose results are in good agreement with GdfidL and CST simulations. The presence of undamped low frequency modes is proved not to be detrimental to the safe LHC operation.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR010

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reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

MOPOR026

Measurement of the Energy Distribution Function of Electrons Generated by Radio-frequency Induced Multipacting in a Beam Pipe

664

M. Van Gompel, F. Caspers, P. Costa Pinto, R. Leber, A. Romano, R. Salemme, M. Taborelli
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

The development of Electron Multipacting (EM) in high intensity particle accelerators depends, amongst others, on the Secondary Electron Yield (SEY) of surfaces facing the beam. In-situ studies of electron clouds in particle accelerators must cope with operation schedule and other technical constrains. To overcome these difficulties, CERN implemented a Multipactor test bench, where EM is generated by Radio-Frequency (RF), using the beam pipes as a coaxial resonators. This tool was already successfully used to assess the effectiveness of low SEY carbon coatings on dipoles of the SPS at CERN and to study the conditioning dynamics of beam pipes. In this paper we present the development of an in-house built Retarding Field Energy Analyser (RFEA) to measure the Electrons Energy Distribution Function (EEDF) in the Multipactor test bench. The design of the electrodes was based on simulations in order to optimize sensitivity and energy resolution. The setup was tested with an electron gun at different energies before insertion in the Multipactor test bench. The evolution of the EEDF is measured at different RF powers. Feasibility to perform measurements in the machine is discussed.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-MOPOR026

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

THPMY009

Coaxial Wire Method Adapted to Weakly Coupled Resonator Mode for LHC RF Fingers Evaluation

3670

C. Vollinger, F. Caspers, T. Kaltenbacher
CERN, Geneva, Switzerland

In high intensity particle accelerators, RF contact fingers are commonly used to carry the beam induced image current. In addition, they reduce beam impedance by shielding the outer bellows required to compensate mechanical displacements between components. In order to assess the resulting beam impedance from a specific bellow/RF finger configuration, RF measurements are routinely carried out. During these measurements, it was observed that cavity modes in the volume between the fingers and the bellow undulation arise. These resonances occur at significantly higher frequencies than the expected frequency range of interest. Due to their broadband nature, the tails of the imaginary part of these resonances reach into the lower frequency range of interest where it contributes to the beam coupling impedance of the device. For proper evaluation of this contribution, a time domain delay technique in TDT (time domain transmissiometry) was used in order to overcome shortcomings that arise if the classical coaxial wire method is applied to these structures. We present the theory of our method and discuss it in view of the data measured on deformable fingers that were studied for the LHC.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ DOI:10.18429/JACoW-IPAC2016-THPMY009

Export •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)