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The design of the LHC central timing system depends strongly on the requirements for a Collider-type machine. The accelerators in the LHC injector chain cycle in sequences, each accelerator providing beam to the next as the energy increases. This has led to a timing system in which time is divided into cycles of differing characteristics. The LHC timing requirements are completely different, there are no cycles, and machine events are linked to machine processes such as injection, ramping, squeezing, physics, etc. These processes are modelled as event tables that can be played independently; the system must also provide facilities to send asynchronous events for punctual equipment synchronization and a real-time channel to broadcast machine information such as the beam type and its energy. This paper describes the implementation of the LHC timing system and also gives details on the synchronization in the LHC injector chain that manufactures various beams for LHC.
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