ECRIS2024 - List of Authors (Gallo, C.S.)

Paper	Title	Page
MOD2	Characterization of the ECR ion source LEGIS extraction system and its low energy beam transport line at Legnaro National Laboratories	22
	G.R. Mascali INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy L. Bellan, C.S. Gallo, D. Martini, P. Francescon, M. Comunian, O. Carletto, A. Galatà INFN-LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy G.R. Mascali Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
	At INFN-Legnaro National Laboratories the heavy ions accelerator complex is fed with beams produced by a permanent magnet ECR source called LEGIS (LEGnaro ecrIS). Although suitable intensities and charge states to fulfil the requests of the users are normally guaranteed, the first part of the Low Energy Beam Transport line (LEBT) downstream of the ion source suffers from non-negligible losses and a lack of scalability when switching between ions with different mass-to-charge ratios, thus leading to a machine preparation time longer than would be desirable. These criticalities called for a deep characterization of the beam coming out from the ion source, especially in the case of high charge states heavy ions production, normally showing the lowest intensities. This contribution describes the numerical studies performed on the extraction system of the LEGIS source and its LEBT. The physics case used is a ²⁰⁸Pb³¹⁺ beam produced for a nuclear physics experiment in fall 2022. As will be shown, the results shed light on the reasons for the bad reproducibility and transmission, mostly due to aberrations induced on the extracted beam by the first optical elements.
	Slides MOD2 [7.465 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-MOD2
About •	Received ※ 04 October 2024 — Revised ※ 16 October 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 15 June 2025
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUB1	Progress in 3D self-consistent full wave-PIC modelling of space resolved ECR plasma properties	76
	A. Pidatella, G.S. Mauro, B. Mishra, E. Naselli, G. Torrisi, D. Mascali INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy A. Galatà, C.S. Gallo INFN-LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
	We present updates of a simulation suite to model in-plasma ion-electron dynamics, including self-consistent electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation and ion population kinetics to study atomic processes in ECR plasmas. The EM absorption is modelled by a heuristic collisional term in the cold dielectric tensor. However, we are stepping beyond the cold approximation, modelling the hot tensor with non-collisional RF wave damping. The tool calculates steady-state particle distributions via a full wave-PIC code and solves for collisional-radiative process giving atomic population and charge state distribution. The scheme is general and applicable to many physics’ cases of interest for the ECRIS community, including the build-up of the charge-state-distribution and the plasma emitted X-ray and optical radiation. We present its last updates and future perspectives, using as a case-study the PANDORA scenario. We report about studying in-plasma dynamics of injected metallic species and radioisotopes ionisation efficiency for different injection conditions and plasma parameters. The code is capable of reconstructing space-resolved plasma emissivity, to be directly compared to plasma emission measurements, and modelling plasma-induced modification of radioactivity.
	Slides TUB1 [21.575 MB]
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-TUB1
About •	Received ※ 03 October 2024 — Revised ※ 14 October 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 01 May 2025
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUP07	Modification of the flexible plasma trap for high-intensity metal ion beams production	105
	C.S. Gallo, A. Galatà INFN-LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy A. Pidatella, S. Marletta, D. Mascali, G.S. Mauro, S. Passarello, A.D. Russo, G. Torrisi INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy G.R. Mascali Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
	NQSTI (National Quantum Science and Technology Institute) is the enlarged partnership on QST established under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU. In this framework, there is a growing interest in the availability of mA beams of singly charged (1+) metallic ions to realise quantum devices. To satisfy this request, the joint INFN Laboratories LNS and LNL proposed to modify the Flexible Plasma Trap (FPT), installed at LNS, thus transforming it into a simple mirror Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS). This contribution describes the various technical solutions that will be adopted, foreseeing novel radial RF and gas/metal injection systems, focusing particularly on the design and simulations of a flexible extraction system capable of handling different beam intensities and ion species. Specifically, the project targets the production of high-intensity beams of singly charged ions such as Fe⁺, and Ba⁺, highlighting the versatility and innovation of the proposed modifications.
DOI •	reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-TUP07
About •	Received ※ 09 October 2024 — Revised ※ 15 October 2024 — Accepted ※ 20 January 2025 — Issued ※ 07 March 2025
Cite •	reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

Paper

Title

Page

Characterization of the ECR ion source LEGIS extraction system and its low energy beam transport line at Legnaro National Laboratories

22

G.R. Mascali
INFN/LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
L. Bellan, C.S. Gallo, D. Martini, P. Francescon, M. Comunian, O. Carletto, A. Galatà
INFN-LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
G.R. Mascali
Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

At INFN-Legnaro National Laboratories the heavy ions accelerator complex is fed with beams produced by a permanent magnet ECR source called LEGIS (LEGnaro ecrIS). Although suitable intensities and charge states to fulfil the requests of the users are normally guaranteed, the first part of the Low Energy Beam Transport line (LEBT) downstream of the ion source suffers from non-negligible losses and a lack of scalability when switching between ions with different mass-to-charge ratios, thus leading to a machine preparation time longer than would be desirable. These criticalities called for a deep characterization of the beam coming out from the ion source, especially in the case of high charge states heavy ions production, normally showing the lowest intensities. This contribution describes the numerical studies performed on the extraction system of the LEGIS source and its LEBT. The physics case used is a ²⁰⁸Pb³¹⁺ beam produced for a nuclear physics experiment in fall 2022. As will be shown, the results shed light on the reasons for the bad reproducibility and transmission, mostly due to aberrations induced on the extracted beam by the first optical elements.

Slides MOD2 [7.465 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-MOD2

About •

Received ※ 04 October 2024 — Revised ※ 16 October 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 15 June 2025

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUB1

Progress in 3D self-consistent full wave-PIC modelling of space resolved ECR plasma properties

76

A. Pidatella, G.S. Mauro, B. Mishra, E. Naselli, G. Torrisi, D. Mascali
INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy
A. Galatà, C.S. Gallo
INFN-LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy

We present updates of a simulation suite to model in-plasma ion-electron dynamics, including self-consistent electromagnetic (EM) wave propagation and ion population kinetics to study atomic processes in ECR plasmas. The EM absorption is modelled by a heuristic collisional term in the cold dielectric tensor. However, we are stepping beyond the cold approximation, modelling the hot tensor with non-collisional RF wave damping. The tool calculates steady-state particle distributions via a full wave-PIC code and solves for collisional-radiative process giving atomic population and charge state distribution. The scheme is general and applicable to many physics’ cases of interest for the ECRIS community, including the build-up of the charge-state-distribution and the plasma emitted X-ray and optical radiation. We present its last updates and future perspectives, using as a case-study the PANDORA scenario. We report about studying in-plasma dynamics of injected metallic species and radioisotopes ionisation efficiency for different injection conditions and plasma parameters. The code is capable of reconstructing space-resolved plasma emissivity, to be directly compared to plasma emission measurements, and modelling plasma-induced modification of radioactivity.

Slides TUB1 [21.575 MB]

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-TUB1

About •

Received ※ 03 October 2024 — Revised ※ 14 October 2024 — Accepted ※ 29 January 2025 — Issued ※ 01 May 2025

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)

TUP07

Modification of the flexible plasma trap for high-intensity metal ion beams production

105

C.S. Gallo, A. Galatà
INFN-LNL, Legnaro (PD), Italy
A. Pidatella, S. Marletta, D. Mascali, G.S. Mauro, S. Passarello, A.D. Russo, G. Torrisi
INFN-LNS, Catania, Italy
G.R. Mascali
Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy

NQSTI (National Quantum Science and Technology Institute) is the enlarged partnership on QST established under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP) funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU. In this framework, there is a growing interest in the availability of mA beams of singly charged (1+) metallic ions to realise quantum devices. To satisfy this request, the joint INFN Laboratories LNS and LNL proposed to modify the Flexible Plasma Trap (FPT), installed at LNS, thus transforming it into a simple mirror Electron Cyclotron Resonance Ion Source (ECRIS). This contribution describes the various technical solutions that will be adopted, foreseeing novel radial RF and gas/metal injection systems, focusing particularly on the design and simulations of a flexible extraction system capable of handling different beam intensities and ion species. Specifically, the project targets the production of high-intensity beams of singly charged ions such as Fe⁺, and Ba⁺, highlighting the versatility and innovation of the proposed modifications.

DOI •

reference for this paper ※ doi:10.18429/JACoW-ECRIS2024-TUP07

About •

Received ※ 09 October 2024 — Revised ※ 15 October 2024 — Accepted ※ 20 January 2025 — Issued ※ 07 March 2025

Cite •

reference for this paper using ※ BibTeX, ※ LaTeX, ※ Text/Word, ※ RIS, ※ EndNote (xml)