08 Applications of Accelerators, Technology Transfer and Relations with Industry

U04 Other Applications

Paper Title Page
TUPP150 The Radiatron: A High Average Current Betatron for Industrial and Security Applications 1860
 
  • S. Boucher, R. B. Agustsson, P. Frigola, A. Y. Murokh, M. Ruelas
    RadiaBeam, Los Angeles
  • F. H. O'Shea, J. B. Rosenzweig, G. Travish
    UCLA, Los Angeles, California
 
  The fixed-field alternating-gradient (FFAG) betatron has emerged as a viable alternative to RF linacs as a source of high-energy radiation for industrial and security applications. For industrial applications, high average currents at modest relativistic electron beam energies, typically in the 5 to 10 MeV range, are desired for medical product sterilization, food irradiation and materials processing. For security applications, high power x-rays in the 3 to 20 MeV range are needed for rapid screening of cargo containers and vehicles. In a FFAG betatron, high-power output is possible due to high duty factor and fast acceleration cycle: electrons are injected and accelerated in a quasi-CW mode while being confined and focused in the fixed-field alternating-gradient lattice. The beam is accelerated via magnetic induction from a betatron core made with modern low-loss magnetic materials. Here we present the design and status of a prototype FFAG betatron, called the RadiaTron, as well as future prospects for these machines.  
TUPP151 A High Intensity Positron Source at Saclay: The SOPHI Project 1863
 
  • O. Delferriere, V. Blideanu, M. Carty, A. Curtoni, L. Liszkay, P. Perez, J. M. Rey, N. Ruiz, Y. Sauce
    CEA, Gif-sur-Yvette
  • F. Forest, J. L. Lancelot, D. Neuveglise
    Sigmaphi, Vannes
 
  One of the fundamental questions of todays physics concerns the action of gravity upon antimatter. No experimental direct measurement has ever been successfully performed with antimatter particles. An R&D program has been launched at IRFU (CEA/Saclay) to demonstrate the feasibility of the production of antihydrogen (H) with the use of a target of positronium (Ps) atoms. This target, when bombarded with antiprotons, should allow combining its positrons with the incoming antiprotons and create H atoms and H+ ions. This experiment needs a large amount of Ps atoms, thus an intense source of positrons is necessary. We are building the SOPHI experiment in Saclay, based on a small 5 MeV electron linac to produce positrons via pair production on a tungsten target. This device should provide 108 slow e+/s, i.e. a factor 300 greater than the strongest activity Na22 based setups. The SOPHI system has been finalized in 2006 and the main components have been studied and built during 2007. The experiment is currently assembled and first results are expected in June 2008. The Linac, beam production and transport system will be presented, and first positron production rate measurements reported.  
TUPP154 Proton Energy Measurement Using Stacked Silicon Detectors 1866
 
  • K. R. Kim
    KAERI, Daejon
  • H. J. Kim, J. H. So
    Kyungpook National University, Daegu
 
  Proton energy was measured using stacked Si(Li) detectors at the MC-50 cyclotron of KIRAMS (Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences). The proton energies from the cyclotron were 35 MeV and 45 MeV. Generally, using a single semiconductor detecor it is not available to measure the proton energy above 30 MeV because the maximum thickness of the semiconductor detector was limited to 5mm. We have used a detector consisting of three 2 mm thick Si(Li) detectors and a 5 mm thick one. The active areas of these detectors are 75mm2. In this paper, we report the energy measurement results using the stacked detectors.  
TUPP155 Compact EUV Source Based on Laser Compton Scattering between Micro-bunched Electron Beam and CO2 Laser Pulse 1869
 
  • S. Kashiwagi, G. Isoyama, R. Kato
    ISIR, Osaka
  • T. Gowa, A. Masuda, T. Nomoto, K. Sakaue, M. Washio
    RISE, Tokyo
  • R. Kuroda
    AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki
  • J. Urakawa
    KEK, Ibaraki
 
  High-power extreme ultra-violet (EUV) sources are required for next generation semiconductor lithography. We start developing a compact EUV source in the spectral range of 13-14 nm, which is based on laser Compton scattering between a micro-bucnhed electron beam and a high intensity CO2 laser pulse. The electron beam extracted from a DC photocathode gun is micro-bunched using laser modulation techinque and a magnetic compressor before the main laser Compton scattering for EUV radiation. We will describe a considerating scheme for the compact EUV source based on laser Compton scattering with micro-bunched electron beam and the result of its numerical studies. A plan of test experiment generating micro-bunched electron beam will be also introduced in this conference.  
TUPP157 Commissioning of L-band Electron Accelerator for Industrial Applications 1875
 
  • S. H. Kim, M.-H. Cho, W. Namkung, H. R. Yang
    POSTECH, Pohang, Kyungbuk
  • J. Jang, S. D. Jang, S. J. Kwon, J.-S. Oh, S. J. Park, Y. G. Son
    PAL, Pohang, Kyungbuk
 
  An intense L-band electron linear accelerator is under construction at CESC (Cheorwon Electron-beam Service Center) for industrial applications. It is capable of producing 10-MeV electron beams with a 30-kW average beam power. For high-power capability, we adopted 1.3 GHz, and the RF source is a 25-MW pulsed klystron with a 60-kW average RF output power. A pre-buncher is used before the bunching section, which is built-in with the regular accelerating sections. The accelerating structure is a disk-loaded waveguide with a constant-impedance operated in the 2π/3-mode. It is to be operated under the fully beam-loaded condition for high average power with the 6-μs pulse length and the 350-Hz repetition rate. In this paper, we present details of the accelerator system and commissioning results.  
TUPP158 Development of Laser System for Compact Laser Compton Scattering X-ray Source 1878
 
  • R. Kuroda, M. K. Koike, H. Toyokawa, K. Y. Yamada
    AIST, Tsukuba, Ibaraki
  • T. Gowa, A. Masuda, K. Sakaue, M. Washio
    RISE, Tokyo
  • S. Kashiwagi
    ISIR, Osaka
  • T. Nakajyo, F. Sakai
    SHI, Tokyo
 
  A compact X-ray source via laser Compton scattering is required for biological, medical and industrial science because it has many benefits about generated X-rays such as short pulse, quasi-monochromatic, energy tunability and good directivity. Our X-ray source is conventionally the single collision system between an electron pulse and a laser pulse. To increase X-ray yield, we have developed a multi-collision system with a multi-bunch electron beam and a laser optical cavity. The multi-bunch beam will be generated from a Cs-Te photocathode rf gun sytem using a multi-pulse UV laser system. The laser optical cavity will be built like the regenerative amplification including the collision point between the electron pulse and the laser pulse to enhance the laser peak power per 1 collision on laser Compton scattering. In this conference, we will describe the results of preliminary experiments for the multi-collision system and future plans.  
TUPP159 Dual Energy Material Recognition: Preliminary Results Obtained with the Radio-tomographic System Hosted in Messina 1881
 
  • D. Loria, L. Auditore, R. C. Barnà, U. Emanuele, E. Morgana, A. Trifirò, M. Trimarchi
    INFN - Gruppo Messina, S. Agata, Messina
  • M. Carpinelli
    INFN-Cagliari, Monserrato (Cagliari)
  • A. Franconieri, M. Gambaccini
    INFN-Ferrara, Ferrara
 
  Dual Energy technique is a very powerful tool for material recognition. It typically involves X-ray energy below 1 MeV, thus limiting to few mm the thickness of the inspected heavy materials. However, it would be interesting to investigate the chance to extend this technique to higher energies, to allow recognition of thick heavy samples too. Encouraging preliminary tests performed by means of the radio-tomographic system based on a 5 MeV electron linac have suggested to develop a dual energy technique for high energy x-ray beams. This can be done because first experimental tests have confirmed the chance to vary the electron beam energy in a continuous way. As a consequence, bremsstrahlung beams with different end points can be produced, thus allowing to work with different x-ray transmissions. The composition of two different energies X-ray transmission results, allows to perform material recognition. By means of the MCNP4C2 code, simulations have been performed to evaluate the theoretical x-ray transmission in different materials and thickness. These results allow us to choose two x-ray energies providing the best results in order to perform material recognition.  
TUPP160 Superconducting RF Activities at ACCEL Instruments 1884
 
  • M. Pekeler, S. Bauer, P. vom Stein
    ACCEL, Bergisch Gladbach
 
  We report on highlights of SRF activities at ACCEL Instruments during the last few years. For example the development of a new hydrofloric and sulphoric acid free electropolishing method for niobium cavities and the construction and installation of a new standard electropolishing plant for 9-cell 1.3 GHz cavities. In addition we have further developed our design for 500 MHz superconducting RF modules for light sources and delivered three such accelerator modules for Shanghai Ligth Source. For SOLEIL we manufactured a 350 MHz twin cavity accelerator module using the technology of sputtering niobium onto copper.  
TUPP161 60 keV 30 kW Electron Beam Facility for Electron Beam Technology 1887
 
  • Yu. I. Semenov, V. E. Akimov, M. A. Batazova, B. A. Dovzhenko, V. V. Ershov, A. R. Frolov, I. A. Gusev, Ye. A. Gusev, V. M. Konstantinov, N. Kh. Kot, V. R. Kozak, E. A. Kuper, G. I. Kuznetsov, P. V. Logatchev, V. R. Mamkin, A. S. Medvedko, I. V. Nikolaev, A. Yu. Protopopov, D. N. Pureskin, V. V. Repkov, A. N. Selivanov, D. V. Senkov, A. S. Tsyganov, A. A. Zharikov
    BINP SB RAS, Novosibirsk
 
  At the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics, Novosibirsk, the 60 keV 30 kW electron beam facility for electron beam technology has been developed. The electron gun provides continuous or modulated beam within the current range from 1 mA up to 500 mA. The optical system allows both static and dynamic focusing of the electron beam within the 50/500 mm range of distance from the gun outlet, the beam scanning and its parallel displacement from the optical axis. The electron gun facility is controlled by the computer via the CAN interface. This paper presents the general description of the facility, its block diagram and main parameters.  
TUPP162 High Heat Load Components in TPS Front Ends 1890
 
  • A. Sheng, J.-R. Chen, C. K. Kuan, Z.-D. Tsai
    NSRRC, Hsinchu
 
  National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC) will build a new synchrotron accelerator (TPS, Taiwan Photon Source) with a great heat-load power. Various IDs have been proposed. For instance, at 3.3 GeV, 350 mA, superconductivity wiggler SW4.8 may generate 5.8mrad wide, 57 kW/mrad2 power whereas undulator CU1.8 will be 0.7 mrad, 148 kW/mrad2. The function of the fixed mask in TPS front ends not only to protect the downstream vacuum from being hit by the radiation during miss-steering, but also shadow the unwanted power. More than one fixed masks are introduced in some high heat load front ends. High conductivity, high thermomechaical strength GlidCop® is used; design and thermomechanical analysis is also presented in this paper.